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    11-1 Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance

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    11-1 Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance

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    294 views16 pages

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    11-1 basic patterns of human inheritance

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    294 views16 pages

    11-1 Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance

    Uploaded by

    api-342334216

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 16

    11.

    1- Basic Pa+erns of
    Human Inheritance
    Recessive Genetic Disorders
    Remember: recessive traits must be
    homozygous recessive to appear!!
    !
    Carrier- An individual who is
    heterozygous for a recessive
    disorder (doesnt express the
    disease but could pass it on)!
    !

    !
    Cystic fibrosis
    Chloride ions are not properly transported
    out of cells of a person with cystic fibrosis.!
    Cystic fibrosis causes mucus excretion
    that clogs ducts in the pancreas, interrupts
    digestion, and blocks respiratory
    pathways in the lungs.!

    !
    Copyright McGraw-Hill Education Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance!
    Albinism
    Albinism is caused by altered genes,
    resulting in the absence of the skin
    pigment melanin in hair and eyes.!
    Individuals with albinism have very
    pale skin, white hair, and pink irises.!

    !
    Tay-Sachs disease
    Caused by the absence of the
    enzymes responsible for breaking
    down fatty acids called gangliosides!
    Gangliosides accumulate in the brain,
    inflating brain nerve cells and causing
    mental deterioration.!

    !
    Galactosemia
    Recessive genetic disorder
    characterized by the inability of
    the body to digest galactose.!
    Inability to digest milk products!

    !
    Copyright McGraw-Hill Education Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance!
    Dominant Genetic Disorders
    Heterozygous or homozygous dominant
    will express this disease, so they are
    more common than recessive disorders.

    Copyright McGraw-Hill Education Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance!


    Huntingtons disease
    Affects the nervous system,
    causing gradual loss of brain
    function!
    Occurs in 1 out of every 10,000
    people in the US!

    !
    Copyright McGraw-Hill Education Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance!
    Achondroplasia
    Causes small body size and limbs
    that are comparatively short!
    Caused by an abnormal gene that
    affects bone growth!

    Copyright McGraw-Hill Education Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance!


    Pedigrees
    A pedigree is a diagram that
    traces the inheritance of a
    particular trait through several
    generations.!

    !
    Copyright McGraw-Hill Education Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance!
    Copyright McGraw-Hill Education Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance!
    Copyright McGraw-Hill Education Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance!
    Analyzing Pedigrees
    Information about an
    individuals genotype can
    be inferred from the
    phenotype of his/her
    parents and offspring. !
    !

    !
    Copyright McGraw-Hill Education Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance!
    !
    Recessive disorder

    Copyright McGraw-Hill Education Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance!


    Dominant disorder!

    Copyright McGraw-Hill Education Basic Patterns of Human Inheritance!


    Inferring Genotypes
    Knowing physical traits can determine
    what genes an individual is most likely
    to have.!

    Predicting Disorders
    Record keeping helps scientists use
    pedigree analysis to study inheritance
    patterns, determine phenotypes, and
    ascertain genotypes.!

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