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Chapter17
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MultipleChoiceQuiz
2 Adendriteconductsnerveimpulses________thecellbody.

InteractiveExercises A) awayfrom
Flashcards B) toward
MoreResources
eLearningConnection C) bothtowardandawayfrom
Animations(English) D) around,bypassing
Animations(Spanish)
ThinkingScientifically E) onlyinside

3 Anaxonconductsnerveimpulses_________thecellbody.
A) awayfrom
B) toward
C) bothtowardandawayfrom
D) around,bypassing
E) onlyinside

4 Whichofthefollowingis/aretype(s)ofneurons?
A) sensory
B) motor
C) interneurons
D) alloftheabove

5 Sensorynervecellsactasthedecisionmakingcellstosumupallsignalsforcertainstimuli.
A) True
B) False

6 Neuroglialcellssupportandprovidenutritionforthe________.
A) musclecells
B) glands
C) neurons
D) nephrons

7 Neuronsoftenhavemanyshortdendritesandalongaxon.
A) True
B) False

8 Asensoryneuronoftheperipheralnervoussystemtakenerveimpulsesfromsensoryreceptorstothe________.
A) motorneurons
B) interneurons
C) autonomicnervoussystem
D) centralnervoussystem

9 Nerveimpulsesgofromsensoryneuronsinsenseorgansdirectlytothemusclesandglandsthatrespond.
A) True
B) False

10 Aninterneuronhas_____________.
A) longdendritesandashortaxon
B) longdendritesandalongaxon
C) shortdendritesandalongaxon
D) shortdendritesandalongorshortaxon

11 Schwanncellsarethemainneuronsofthespinalcord.
A) True
B) False

12 Schwanncellsareoneofseveraltypesof________cellsinthenervoussystem.
A) sensory
B) motor
C) association
D) neuroglial

13 Schwanncellsproducelayersofmembranecontainingmyelin,whichprovidesnutritionforthedendrites.

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A) True
B) False

14 Gapsinthemyelinsheatharecalled_______.
A) nodesofRanvier
B) thesynapse
C) axonalinterstices
D) myelinoids

15 _______isadiseaseofthemyelinsheath.
A) Leprosy
B) Alzheimerdisease
C) Multiplesclerosis
D) Polio

16 Anerveimpulseisthewayasensoryneuronreceivesinformation.
A) True
B) False

17 Nerveimpulsescreateachangeinvoltagewhichismeasuredbyandcanbeseenona(n)________.
A) stethoscope
B) electrocardiogram
C) oscilloscope
D) laparoscope

18 Axoplasmisthe________.
A) bloodplasmathatnourishesanerve
B) fluidexternaltotheaxonbutinsidethemyelinsheath
C) cytoplasmofthedendrite
D) cytoplasmoftheaxon

19 Whentheaxonisconductinganimpulse,theoscilloscoperecordsaconstantmembranepotential,equaltoabout65mV.
A) True
B) False

20 Therestingpotentialindicatesthattheinsideoftheneuronis________comparedtotheoutside.
A) underionicpressure
B) positive
C) negative
D) inactive

21 The"sodiumpotassiumpump"pumps___________.
A) sodiumionsoutandpotassiumionsin
B) sodiumionsinandpotassiumionsout
C) sodiumandpotassiumionsin
D) sodiumandpotassiumionsout

22 Theactionpotentialpatternthatappearsontheoscilloscopescreeniscausedbyrapid________.
A) polaritychanges
B) pHchanges
C) breakdownofthemembranestructure
D) alloftheabove

23 Theactionpotentialismeasuredinmillivolts(mV)andisrangedfrom:
A) 90mVto+20mV
B) 70mVto+30mV
C) 65mVto+40mV
D) 30mVto+60mV

24 Withanactionpotential,depolarizationoftheaxomembraneisrecordedasthegatesopen,allowing________toflowintotheaxon.
A) potassiumions
B) H+ions
C) sodiumions
D) alloftheabove

25 Theactionpotentialchangesthechargeinsidetheaxonfrompositivetonegative.
A) True
B) False

26 Anervefiberobeysanallornonelawinsofarasiteitherfiresordoesnotfiredependingonwhetherthestimulusisaboveathreshold.
A) True
B) False

27 Astheactionpotentialswingsdown,
A) potassiumionsmoveoutoftheaxon.
B) potassiumionsmoveintotheaxon.
C) sodiumionsmoveintotheaxon.

28 Asthepotassiumionsmoveoutoftheaxon,theoscilloscoperecordsa________.

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A) depolarization
B) repolarization
C) equalizingofnegativeandpositiveions
D) shutdownofthemembranepumps

29 Arefractoryperiodis___________.
A) abrieftimewhenaneuronisunabletoconductanimpulse
B) theperiodduringwhichpotassiumandsodiumionsarecompletelystable
C) thesameastherestingpotential
D) theshorttimethemyelinsheathprovidesinsulationfromanotherimpulse
E) isareverseimpulsethatresetsthesodiumandpotassiumbalance

30 Inhumans,transmissionofnerveimpulsesacrossasynapticcleftiscarriedoutby________.
A) sodiumions
B) potassiumions
C) neurotransmittermolecules
D) thenodesofRanvier

31 Transmissionacrossasynapseisachievedmainlybya________.
A) ionicbonding
B) diffusionofneurotransmitteracrossthecleft
C) physicalcontactofaxontodendriteallowingthenerveimpulsetocontinueonward
D) diffusionofsodiumionsacrossthecleft

32 Acetylcholineandnorepinephrinearetwowellknown_________.
A) postsynapticreceptors
B) enzymesthatrapidlyinactivateneurotransmitters
C) drugsofabuse
D) neurotransmitters

33 Acetylcholineandnorepinephrineactbecauseoftheiraffectonreceptorsatthe________membrane.
A) axonal
B) cellbody
C) presynaptic
D) postsynaptic

34 Whichofthefollowingisanenzymethatbreaksdownaneurotransmitter?
A) acetylcholine
B) serotonin
C) dopamine
D) acetylcholinesterase

35 _________isthesummingupofexcitatoryandinhibitorysignals.
A) Actingpotential
B) Reticularformation
C) Neurotransmission
D) Synapse
E) Integration

36 Excitatorysignalshavea________effect.
A) hyperpolarizing
B) neutral
C) depolarizing
D) positive
E) negative

37 Whatarethemaindivisionsofthenervoussystem?
A) thesensorysystemandthemotorsystem
B) theperipheralnervoussystemandcentralnervoussystem
C) thedendriticandtheaxonalsystems
D) thesympatheticandparasympatheticsystems

38 Theperipheralnervoussystemincludesthenerves,whichareneuronswithcellbodiesthatoccurinthe________.
A) sympatheticnervoussystem
B) brain,spinalcord,oringanglia
C) motorsystem
D) autonomicsystem

39 Theperipheralnervoussystem(PNS)liesoutsidethecentralnervoussystem(CNS).
A) True
B) False

40 ThePNSnervesarepartofeitherthesomaticsystemorthe________.
A) motorsystem
B) centralnervoussystem
C) sympatheticsystem
D) parasympatheticsystem
E) autonomicsystem

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41 Thesomaticsystemcontainsnervesthatcontrol_________.

A) skeletalmuscles
B) internalorgans,joints,andglands
C) skeletalmuscles,skin,andglands
D) smoothmuscles,cardiacmusclesandglands

42 Howmanypairsofcranialnervesdohumanshave?
A) 4
B) 12
C) 16
D) 21
E) 31

43 Humanshave12pairsofspinalnerves.
A) True
B) False

44 Nervesarestructuresthatcontainmanyshortfibersjoinedendtoend.
A) True
B) False

45 Theperipheralnervoussystemincludesmixednervesthat_________.
A) servethemuscularandskeletalsystem
B) servethesympatheticsystem
C) servetheparasympatheticsystem
D) containbothsensoryandmotorfibers
E) donotalwaysknowhowtorespond

46 ThesensoryneuronsthatcomefrominternalorganssendimpulsestotheCNSwherereflexactions_____________.
A) arecriticaltoconsciousdecisionmaking
B) helpmaintainhomeostasis
C) triggerallneurotransmitters
D) controlouremotionalmoods

47 Whichofthefollowingarecharacteristicofthesympatheticsystem?
A) inhibitsthedigestivetract
B) dilatesthebronchi
C) acceleratestheheartbeat
D) alloftheabove

48 Theparasympatheticsystemiscalledthe"housekeepersystem"becauseitkeepsusalertandreadyfor"fightorflight."
A) True
B) False

49 Whichofthefollowingis/arecharacteristicoftheparasympatheticsystem?
A) causesthepupiltocontract
B) promotesdigestionoffood
C) retardstheheartbeat
D) alloftheabove

50 Thecentralnervoussystemconsistsofthe____________.
A) combinationofthesympatheticandparasympatheticnervoussystems
B) brainandspinalcord
C) combinedsensoryandmotorsystems
D) cranialandspinalnerves

51 Thepartofthebodythatintegratestheinformationitreceivesfromalloverthebodyinordertomakedecisionsiscalledthe________.
A) peripheralnervoussystem
B) sympatheticnervoussystem
C) parasympatheticnervoussystem
D) centralnervoussystem

52 Thecentralnervoussystemconsistsonlyofthebrain.
A) True
B) False

53 Thebrainandspinalcordareprotectedbymembranesknownasthe________.
A) nodesofRanvier
B) meninges
C) axomembranes
D) myelinsheath

54 Cerebrospinalfluidisfoundonlyinthebrain.
A) True
B) False

55 Higherthoughtprocessesforlearningandmemoryareprimarilyinthe________.
A) medullaoblongata
B) cerebellum

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C) cerebrum
D) pons

56 The________containscentersforheartbeat,breathing,andbloodpressure.
A) cerebellum
B) cerebrum
C) spinalcord
D) medullaoblongata

57 Themedullaoblongatacontainsreflexcentersfor_______________.
A) vomiting,coughing,sneezing,hiccuping,andswallowing
B) kneejerkandblinking
C) sexualresponse
D) fastresponsesontestquestions

58 Themainfunctionofthecerebellumis___________.
A) consciousness
B) musclecoordination
C) homeostasis
D) sensereception

59 Whichofthefollowingareasofthecerebralcortexhavebeenmappedindetail?
A) motor
B) sensory
C) association
D) alloftheabove

60 Thetwohalvesofthebrain,theleftbrainandtherightbrain,areNOTconnectedandsharenocommunication.
A) True
B) False

61 Alcoholisprimarilymetabolizedinthe_________.
A) brain,whichaccountsforitsmentaleffects
B) muscles,whichaccountsforitseffectonmovement
C) liver,whereitdisruptsglycolysisandtheKrebscycle
D) bloodstream,whichiswhyithaswidespreadeffects

62 Thebiologicaleffectsofexcessalcoholinclude(s)____________.
A) lacticacidbuildsupandthebloodbecomesmoreacidic
B) excessactiveacetatecannotbebrokendownandtheliverbecomesfatty
C) fibrousscartissueformsandlivercellsdie
D) highlevelsofcalories,buttoofewaminoacids,vitaminsorminerals
E) alloftheabovearecorrect

63 Thenicotineincigarettesmoke_________.
A) hasbeenfoundtobeperfectlyharmless
B) causesanexcessofdopaminewhichleadstodrugdependence
C) decreasesheartbeatrateandbloodpressure
D) increasesurineflow
E) alloftheabove

64 Apersondoesnotbecomephysicallydependentonmarijuana.
A) True
B) False

65 Theactiveingredientinmarijuanais____________.
A) nicotine
B) cocainefromErythroxylumcocoa
C) dopamine
D) THCortetrahydrocannabinolfromtheCannabissativaresin
E) analkaloidofopium

66 Theactiveingredientincocaineis____________.
A) nicotine
B) aplantalkaloidfromtheErythroxylumcocoashrub
C) dopamine
D) THCortetrahydrocannabinolfromtheCannabissativaresin
E) analkaloidofopium

67 Highdosesofcocainecancausedeathfromcardiacandrespiratoryarrest.
A) True
B) False

68 Cocaineaffectsthemoodbyinterferingwiththeuptakeof________fromsynapticclefts.
A) nicotine
B) oxygen
C) dopamine
D) acetylcholine
E) epinephrine

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69 Whenapersonneedsmoreofadrugtofeelthesamehigh,itiscalled________.
A) dependence
B) compensation
C) tolerance
D) withdrawal
E) dysphoria

70 WithdrawalfromdrugsisasafeprocedureanddoesNOTcauseanylongtermphysicalharm.
A) True
B) False

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