8

Screws
8-1. Dimensions of Screws
(1) Various dimensions of bolts 122

(2) Small bolts, nuts not based on ISO 124

(3) Dimensions of very small screws 124

(4) Various dimensions of

heads of small screws 124

(5) Dimensions of heads of small

screws not based on ISO 125

(6) Dimensions of washers 125

(7) Screw prepared holes, facing diameter 126

(8) Screw starting hole diameters 127

8-2. Bolt Looseness

(1) Classification and causes of looseness 128

(2) Loosening prevention (Chemical) 128

(3) Loosening prevention (Mechanical) 129

120 TOHNICHI TORQUE HANDBOOK Vol.8

 TECHNICAL DATA
Chapter

Screws
Names of Screws

Small screws with slits Cross-recessed pan screws Hexalobular screws

Nuts

Hexagon socket Cross-recessed

Hexagon set screws head bolts Hexagon bolts
countersunk screws

Technical Data 121

 8-1
Chapter Screws

Dimensions of Screws
1Various dimensions of bolts
Nominal size of bolt
d [mm] M1 M1.2 M1.4 M1.6 M2 M2.5 M3 M3.5 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10
Pitch p [mm] 0.25 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1 1.25 1.5
Pitch diameter d2 [mm] 0.838 1.038 1.205 1.373 1.740 2.208 2.675 3.110 3.545 4.480 5.350 7.188 9.026
Eective area As [mm2] 0.460 0.732 0.983 1.27 2.07 3.39 5.03 6.78 8.78 14.2 20.1 36.6 58.0
Minor diameter d1 [mm] 0.729 0.929 1.075 1.221 1.567 2.013 2.459 2.850 3.242 4.134 4.917 6.647 8.376
Lead angle tan 0.0950 0.0767 0.0792 0.0811 0.0732 0.0649 0.0595 0.0614 0.0629 0.0568 0.0595 0.0554 0.0529
3rd class bolt dia. dh [mm] 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.6 3.1 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.8 7.0 10.0 12.0

Hexagon bolts, nuts

d [mm] M1 M1.2 M1.4 M1.6 M2 M2.5 M3 M3.5 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10
s [mm] 3.2 4 5 5.5 6 7 8 10 13 16
Part class

AM1.6 M24 3.41 4.32 5.45 6.01 6.58 7.66 8.79 11.05 14.38 17.77
BM1.6 M64 e [mm] 3.28 4.18 5.31 5.88 6.44 7.50 8.63 10.89 14.20 17.59
CM5 M64 8.63 10.89 14.20 17.59
k [mm] 1.1 1.4 1.7 2 2.4 2.8 3.5 4 5.3 6.4
Style 1 m(
MAX) 1.3 1.6 2 2.4 2.8 3.2 4.7 5.2 6.8 8.4
[mm]
(Hexagon nut) m(
Min) 1.05 1.35 1.75 2.15 2.55 2.9 4.4 4.9 6.44 8.04
Style 2 m(
MAX) 5.1 5.7 7.5 9.3
[mm]
(Hexagon nut) m(
Min) 4.8 5.4 7.14 8.94
Pitch Hexagon dn1 2.75 3.47 4.28 4.79 5.34 6.19 7.20 8.90 11.96 14.59
diameter Round A dn 2.14 2.84 3.61 4.10 4.65 5.36 6.36 7.98 10.84 13.36
of bearing Round B 2.15 2.78 3.54 4.04 4.59 5.28 6.28 7.40 10.75 13.27
surface Round C 6.282 7.902 10.75 13.27

Hexagon socket head bolts

d [mm] M1 M1.2 M1.4 M1.6 M2 M2.5 M3 M3.5 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10
s [mm] 1.5 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8
e [mm] 1.73 1.73 2.3 2.87 3.44 4.58 5.72 6.86 9.15
k [mm] 1.60 2.00 2.50 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 8 10
dw 2.72 3.48 4.18 5.07 6.53 8.03 9.38 12.33 15.33
Pitch diameter of bearing surface dn 2.533 3.238 3.843 4.616 5.968 7.235 8.588 11.57 14.1
dk [mm] 3.00 3.80 4.50 5.50 7.00 8.50 10.00 13 16
Pitch diameter of bearing surface dn' 2.378 3.061 3.667 4.377 5.709 6.975 8.248 11.21 13.73

Set screws
d [mm] M1 M1.2 M1.4 M1.6 M2 M2.5 M3 M3.5 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10
n [mm] 0.2 0.2 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.6
s [mm] 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5
e [mm] 0.809 1.011 1.454 1.73 2.3 2.87 3.44 4.58 5.72

Hexalobular screws
b M2 M2.5 M3 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10 M12 (M14) M16 (M18) M20
Hole number 6.00 8.00 10.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00
k 2.00 2.50 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00
dw 3.48 4.18 5.07 6.53 8.03 9.38 12.33 15.33 17.23 20.17 23.17 25.87 28.87
no knurling 3.80 4.50 5.50 7.00 8.50 10.00 13.00 16.00 18.00 21.00 24.00 27.00 30.00
dk
knurling 3.98 4.68 5.68 7.22 8.72 10.22 13.27 16.27 18.27 21.33 24.33 27.33 30.33
Pitch diameter of bearing surface dn 3.061 3.667 4.377 5.709 6.975 8.248 11.21 13.73 15.90 18.40 20.92 23.52 26.51

122 TOHNICHI TORQUE HANDBOOK Vol.8

 TECHNICAL DATA
Hexagon bolts, nuts Hexagon socket head bolts Set screws Hexalobular screws
Hole number

dn,dn1
dk dw

e
dn

dw
dk
e

dn'
e

s k s n
k Chapter
s k m With chamfering
and rounded edges
Various dimensions of bolts
M12
1.75
10.863
M14
2
12.701
M16
2
14.701
M18
2.5
16.376
M20
2.5
18.376
2.5
20.376
M22
3
22.051
M24
3
25.051
M27
3.5
27.727
M30
3.5
30.727
4
M33

33.402
4
M36

36.402
M39
4.5
39.077
M42
4.5
42.077
M45
5
44.752
M48
5
48.752
M52
5.5
52.428
M56
8
84.3 115 157 192 245 303 353 459 561 694 817 976 1120 1310 1470 1760 2030
10.106 11.835 13.835 15.294 17.294 19.294 20.752 23.752 26.211 29.211 31.670 34.670 37.129 40.129 42.587 46.587 50.046
0.0513 0.0501 0.0433 0.0486 0.0433 0.0391 0.0433 0.0381 0.0402 0.0363 0.0381 0.0350 0.0367 0.0340 0.0356 0.0326 0.0334
14.5 16.5 18.5 21.0 24.0 26.0 28.0 32.0 35.0 38.0 42.0 45.0 48.0 52.0 56.0 62.0 66.0

Screws
M12 M14 M16 M18 M20 M22 M24 M27 M30 M33 M36 M39 M42 M45 M48 M52 M56
18 21 24 27 30 34 36 41 46 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85
20.03 23.36 26.75 30.14 33.53 37.72 39.98
19.85 22.78 26.17 29.56 32.95 37.29 39.55 45.2 50.85 55.37 60.79 66.44 71.3 76.95 82.6 88.25 93.56
19.85 22.78 26.17 29.56 32.95 37.29 39.55 45.2 50.85 55.37 60.79 66.44 71.3 76.95 82.6 88.25 93.56
7.5 8.8 10 11.5 12.5 14 15 17 18.7 21 22.5 25 26 28 30 33 35
10.8 12.8 14.8 15.8 18 19.4 21.5 23.8 25.6 28.7 31 33.4 34 36 38 42 45
10.37 12.1 14.1 15.1 16.9 18.1 20.2 22.5 24.3 27.4 29.4 31.8 32.4 34.4 36.4 40.4 43.4
12 14.1 16.4 17.6 20.3 21.8 23.9 26.7 28.6 32.5 34.7
11.57 13.4 15.7 16.9 19 20.5 22.6 25.4 27.3 30.9 33.1
16.86 19.48 22.10 24.95 28.03 31.22 33.27 37.94 42.16 45.81 50.48 54.70 58.92 63.59 68.26 73.83 78.50
15.59 18.12 20.56 23.24 26.15 28.95 30.89
15.51 17.86 20.30 22.98 25.89 28.76 30.70 35.09 39.00 42.42 46.70 50.62 54.20 58.58 62.97 68.28 72.51
15.51 17.86 20.30 22.98 25.89 28.76 30.70 35.09 39.00 42.42 46.70 50.62 54.20 58.58 62.97 68.28 72.51

M12 M14 M16 M18 M20 M22 M24 M27 M30 M33 M36 M39
JIS B1180,B1181 M42 M45 M48 M52
D JIS M56
B1180
10 12 14 17 19 22 27 32 36 41
11.43 13.72 16 19.44 21.73 25.15 30.85 36.57 41.13 45.83
12 14 16 20 24 30 36 42 48 56
17.23 20.17 23.17 28.87 34.81 43.61 52.54 61.34 70.34 82.26
16.31 18.84 21.37 27.11 32.17 40.21 48.25 55.84 64.33 75.36
18 21 24 30 36 45 54 63 72 84
15.90 18.40 20.92 26.51 31.53 39.46 47.47 54.94 63.44 74.43

M12 M14 M16 M18 M20 M22 M24 M27 M30 M33 M36 M39 M42 M45 M48 M52 M56
2
6 8 10 12
6.86 9.15 11.43 13.72

d2JIS B 0205 tanp/d2See P.31 for more details

pJIS B 0205

Technical Data 123

 8-1
Chapter Screws

Dimensions of Screws
(2) Small bolts, nuts not based on ISO
Small hexagon nuts, bolts Table 8-2. Small bolts, nuts
d [mm] M8 M10 M12 (M14) M16 (M18) M20 (M22) M24 (M27) M30 (M33) M36 (M39)
s [mm] 12 14 17 19 22 24 27 30 32 36 41 46 50 55
e [mm] 13.9 16.2 19.6 21.9 25.4 27.7 31.2 34.6 37 41.6 47.3 53.1 57.7 63.5
k [mm] 5.5 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 17 19 21 23 25
m 6.5 8 10 11 13 15 16 18 19 22 24 26 29 31
[mm]
m 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 16 18 20 21 23
Hexagon dn1 10.68 12.76 15.61 17.66 20.3 22.3 25.0 27.6 29.6 33.3 37.5 41.7 45.4 49.6
Round dn 10.03 12.06 14.82 16.55 19.07 21.1 23.6 26.1 28.1 31.1 35.2 39.2 42.7 46.8
dn,dn1

(See P.31 for more details of hexagon and round bearing surface)
dn
e

s k m

(3) Dimensions of very small screws

Table 8-3. Dimensions of very small screws
d M1 M1.1 M1.2 M1.4 M1.6 M1.8
d2 0.838 0.938 1.038 1.205 1.373 1.573
a
a

p 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.35

tan 0.0950 0.0848 0.0767 0.0792 0.0811 0.0708
Small screws with slits Set screws with slits Small screws with slits d1 0.729 0.829 0.929 1.075 1.221 1.421
As 0.460 0.588 0.732 0.983 1.27 1.70

Width across flat

Width across flat

a 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.4

B

Set screws with slits a 0.2 0.2 0.25 0.25

Socket head bolts B 1.3 1.5
Hexagon socket head bolts Hexagon set screws Set screws B 0.7 0.7
d1min: Root diameter, A1min: Area of section of root diameter Unit: [mm]

(4) Various dimensions of heads of small screws

Table 8-4. Dimensions of heads of small screws
M1.6 M2 M2.5 M3 M3.5 M4 M5 M6 M8 M10
0 0 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 4

Slit width a 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.2 1.6 2 2.5
D 3.2 4.0 5.0 5.6 7.00 8.00 9.50 12.00 16.00 20.00
Pan screws
H 1.30 1.60 2.10 2.40 2.60 3.10 3.70 4.6 6.0 7.5
D 3.0 3.8 4.7 5.5 7.30 8.40 9.30 11.30 15.80 18.30
Countersunk screws
H 1 1.2 1.5 1.65 2.35 2.7 2.7 3.3 4.65 5
H H Unit: [mm]
D
D

Pan screws Countersunk screws

124 TOHNICHI TORQUE HANDBOOK Vol.8

 TECHNICAL DATA
(5) Dimensions of heads of small screws not based on ISO Chapter
Table 8-5. Dimensions of heads of small screws

8
M2 M2.2 M2.5 M3 M3.5 M4 M4.5 M5 M6 M8
10 1 1 21 2 2 2 2 3 3
( ) Supports ISO ( ) Truss head
Slit width a 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 1 1 1 1.2 1.2 1.6
D 3.5 4 4.5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10.5 14
Pan screws
H 1.3 1.5 1.7 2 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.3 3.9 5.2
Countersunk screws D 4 4.4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 16
(Spherical countersunk screws) H 1.2 1.3 1.45 1.75 2 2.3 2.55 2.8 3.4 4.4

Screws
D 4.5 5 5.7 6.9 8.1 9.4 10.6 11.8 14 17.8
Truss screws
H 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.7 4.8
D 4.3 4.7 5.3 6.3 7.3 8.3 9.3 10.3 12.4 16.4
Bind screws
H 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.7 4.8
D 3.5 4 4.5 5.5 6 7 8 9 10.5 14
Spherical screws
H 1.3 1.5 1.7 2 2.3 2.6 3 3.4 4 5.4
Unit: [mm]
H H

D
D

Pan screws ( Countersunk screws Truss screws Bind screws Spherical screws
Spherical countersunk screws)

(6) Dimensions of washers

Table 8-6. Dimensions of washers
M2 M2.2M2.5 M3 M3.5 M4 M4.5 M5 M6 M7 M8 M10 M12M14M16M18M20M22M24M27M30
d 2.2 2.4 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.3 4.8 5.3 6.4 8.4 10.5 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 28 31
Plain washers,
small, round D 4.5 4.5 5 6 7 8 9 9 11 15 18 20 24 28 30 34 37 39 44 50
t 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 1 1.6 1.6 1.6 2 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 4 4 4
d 2.2 2.4 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.3 4.8 5.3 6.4 8.4 10.5 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 28 31
Plain washers, D 5 6 6 7 8 9 10 10 12 16 20 24 28 30 34 37 39 44 50 56
polished, round
t 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 1 1.6 1.6 2 2.5 2.5 3 3 3 3 4 4 4
d 2.1 2.6 3.1 3.6 4.1 4.6 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.2 10.2 12.2 14.2 16.2 18.2 20.2 22.5 24.5 27.5 30.5
t 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.6 5.1 5.6 5.9 6.8 7.5
No.2
Spring washers D 4.4 5.2 5.9 6.6 7.6 8.3 9.2 12.2 13.4 15.4 18.4 21.5 24.5 28 31 33.8 37.7 40.3 45.3 49.9
t 1.9 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6.0 6.8 7.2 8.3
No.3
D 12.2 13.4 15.6 18.8 21.9 24.7 28.2 31.4 34.4 38.3 41.3 46.7
d: Plain washer inner dia. Unit: [mm]

2t
t t
D
d
D
D

d
d

Plain washers, small, round Plain washers, polished, round Spring washers

Technical Data 125

 8-1
Chapter Screws

Dimensions of Screws
(7) Screw prepared holes, Table 8-7. Bolt hole diameters, facing diameters
Bolt hole diameter d
facing diameters Nominal
size of 1st 2nd 3rd 4th class
Facing
Chamfering diameter
e
screw class class class (1) D

M1 1.1 1.2 1.3 - 0.2 3

90
e M1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 - 0.2 4
M1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 - 0.2 4
M1.6 1.7 1.8 2 - 0.2 5
M1.7 1.8 2 2.1 - 0.2 5
d
M1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2 - 0.2 5
M2 2.2 2.4 2.6 - 0.3 7
D M2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 - 0.3 8
90 M2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 - 0.3 8
e
M2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 - 0.3 8
M2.6 2.8 3 3.2 - 0.3 8
M3 3.2 3.4 3.6 - 0.3 9
d
M3.5 3.7 3.9 4.2 - 0.3 10
M4 4.3 4.5 4.8 5.5 0.4 11
M4.5 4.8 5 5.3 6 0.4 13
M5 5.3 5.5 5.8 6.5 0.4 13
M6 6.4 6.6 7 7.8 0.4 15
M7 7.4 7.6 8 - 0.4 18
M8 8.4 9 10 10 0.6 20
M10 10.5 11 12 13 0.6 24
M12 13 13.5 14.5 15 1.1 28
M14 15 15.5 16.5 17 1.1 32
M16 17 17.5 18.5 20 1.1 35
M18 19 20 21 22 1.1 39
M20 21 22 24 25 1.2 43
M22 23 24 26 27 1.2 46
M24 25 26 28 29 1.2 50
M27 28 30 32 33 1.7 55
M30 31 33 35 36 1.7 62
M33 34 36 38 40 1.7 66
M36 37 39 42 43 1.7 72
M39 40 42 45 46 1.7 76
M42 43 45 48 - 1.8 82
M45 46 48 52 - 1.8 87
M48 50 52 56 - 2.3 93
M52 54 56 62 - 2.3 100
M56 58 62 66 - 3.5 110
M60 62 66 70 - 3.5 115
M64 66 70 74 - 3.5 122
M68 70 74 78 - 3.5 127
Note: 1. 4th class is appropriate mainly for cast extracting holes. Unit: [mm]
2. Figures in bold are not prescribed in ISO 273.
3. The nominal sizes of screws are not included in ISO meter screws of ISO 261.

126 TOHNICHI TORQUE HANDBOOK Vol.8

 TECHNICAL DATA
(8) Screw starting hole diameters Chapter
Table 8-8. Screw starting hole diameters
Screw Facing hole diameter (2) Ref.: Female screw inner diameter (3)

8
1 System Max. permissible dimension
Nominal Outside Minimum 4H 5H
Standard (Below (Below
size of diameter Pitch P permissible 7H 3rd
catching 90 85 80 75 70 M1.4) 5H M1.4) 6H
screw d dimension (Over M1.6) (Over M1.6) class
height H1 1st class 2nd class
M1 1.0 0.25 0.135 0.76 0.77 0.78 0.80 0.81 0.729 0.774 0.785 -
M1.1 1.1 0.25 0.135 0.86 0.87 0.88 0.90 0.91 0.829 0.874 0.885 -
M1.2 1.2 0.25 0.135 0.96 0.97 0.98 1.00 1.01 0.929 0.974 0.985 -
M1.4 1.4 0.3 0.162 1.11 1.12 1.14 1.16 1.17 1.075 1.128 1.142 -

Screws
M1.6 1.6 0.35 0.189 1.26 1.28 1.30 1.32 1.33 1.221 1.301 1.321 -
M1.8 1.8 0.35 0.189 1.46 1.48 1.50 1.52 1.53 1.421 1.501 1.521 -
M2 2.0 0.4 0.217 1.61 1.63 1.65 1.68 1.70 1.567 1.657 1.679 -
M2.2 2.2 0.45 0.244 1.76 1.79 1.81 1.83 1.86 1.713 1.813 1.838 -
M2.5 2.5 0.45 0.244 2.06 2.09 2.11 2.13 2.16 2.013 2.113 2.138 -
M3 3.0 0.5 0.271 2.51 2.54 2.57 2.59 2.62 2.459 2.571 2.599 2.639
M3.5 3.5 0.6 0.325 2.92 2.95 2.98 3.01 3.05 2.850 2.975 3.010 3.050

M4 4.0 0.7 0.379 3.32 3.36 3.39 3.43 3.47 3.242 3.382 3.422 3.466
M4.5 4.5 0.75 0.406 3.77 3.81 3.85 3.89 3.93 3.688 3.838 3.878 3.924
M5 5.0 0.8 0.433 4.22 4.26 4.31 4.35 4.39 4.134 4.294 4.334 4.384
M6 6.0 1 0.541 5.03 5.08 5.13 5.19 5.24 4.917 5.107 5.153 5.217
M7 7.0 1 0.541 6.03 6.08 6.13 6.19 6.24 5.917 6.107 6.153 6.217
M8 8.0 1.25 0.677 6.78 6.85 6.92 6.99 7.05 6.647 6.859 6.912 6.982
M9 9.0 1.25 0.677 7.78 7.85 7.92 7.99 8.05 7.647 7.859 7.912 7.982

M10 10.0 1.5 0.812 8.54 8.62 8.70 8.78 8.86 8.376 8.612 8.676 8.751
M11 11.0 1.5 0.812 9.54 9.62 9.70 9.78 9.86 9.376 9.612 9.676 9.751
M12 12.0 1.75 0.947 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.106 10.371 10.441 10.531
M14 14.0 2 1.083 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 11.835 12.135 12.210 12.310
M16 16.0 2 1.083 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 13.835 14.135 14.210 14.310
M18 18.0 2.5 1.353 15.6 15.7 15.8 16.0 16.1 15.294 15.649 15.774 15.854
M20 20.0 2.5 1.353 17.6 17.7 17.8 18.0 18.1 17.294 17.649 17.744 17.854
M22 22.0 2.5 1.353 19.6 19.7 19.8 20.0 20.1 19.294 19.649 19.744 19.854
M24 24.0 3 1.624 21.1 21.2 21.4 21.6 21.7 20.752 21.152 21.252 21.382
M27 27.0 3 1.624 24.1 24.2 24.4 24.6 24.7 23.752 24.152 24.252 24.382

M30 30.0 3.5 1.894 26.6 26.8 27.0 27.2 27.3 26.211 26.661 26.771 26.921
M33 33.0 3.5 1.894 29.6 29.8 30.0 30.2 30.3 29.211 29.661 29.771 29.921
M36 36.0 4 2.165 32.1 32.3 32.5 32.8 33.0 31.670 32.145 32.270 32.420
M39 39.0 4 2.165 35.1 35.3 35.5 35.8 36.0 34.670 35.145 35.270 35.420
M42 42.0 4.5 2.436 37.6 37.9 38.1 38.3 38.6 37.129 37.659 37.799 37.979
M45 45.0 4.5 2.436 40.6 40.9 41.1 41.3 41.6 40.129 40.659 40.799 40.979
M48 48.0 5 2.706 43.1 43.4 43.7 43.9 44.2 42.587 43.147 43.297 43.487

M52 52.0 5 2.706 47.1 47.4 47.7 47.9 48.2 46.587 47.147 47.297 47.487
M56 56.0 5.5 2.977 50.6 50.9 51.2 51.5 51.8 50.046 50.646 50.796 50.996
M60 60.0 5.5 2.977 54.6 54.9 55.2 55.5 55.8 54.046 54.646 54.796 54.996
M64 64.0 6 3.248 58.2 58.5 58.8 59.1 59.5 57.505 58.135 58.305 58.505
M68 68.0 6 3.248 62.2 62.5 62.8 63.1 63.5 61.505 62.135 62.305 62.505
Remarks: Figures in bold on the left side of the line, line, and line are prescribed in each JIS B 0209. 4H (below M1.4), 5H (above M1.6) or rst class, 5H (below M1.4), 6H (above M1.6) Unit: [mm]
or second- class and 7H or third class show they are within the permissible dimension of the female inner diameter.
(2) Screw prepared hole = d - 2 x H1 (Catching rate/100)

127
Note: (1) H1 0.541266P
Technical Data
 8-2
Chapter Screws

Bolt Looseness
1Classication and causes of looseness
In bolt looseness, there are the following two causes:
Looseness generated by bolt return without turning, and
Looseness generated by bolt return with turning.
Depending on the cause of the looseness, it will be necessary
to select appropriate looseness prevention measures.

Table 8-9. Classication and causes of looseness

Classication Causes
1. Initial looseness Contact part becoming attened from being uneven

2. Subsidence Plastic deformation of bearing surface

Looseness
generated 3. Looseness by jogging movement Friction by lateral displacement of contact part
by bolt 4. Looseness by permanent deformation of sealant Permanent fatigue of gasket
return
5. Looseness by over-tightening Advance of bolt plastic deformation
without
turning Internal stress change over recrystallizing
6. Looseness resulted from heat temperature or dierent thermal expansion in
jointed parts

7.Looseness by vibration force axis

Looseness angle (Parallel, around axis of thread)
Relative displacement of bearing surface and
generated 8. Looseness by axis vibration from external force threaded parts
by bolt
return 9. Looseness by impact of external force on axis right angle
with Dissipation and lowering of threaded and bearing
turning 10. Looseness by impact of external
surface parts by restitution and shock wave on
force in axis direction
impact

2Loosening prevention (Chemical)

Coating type

Liquid adhesive Stick

for screws adhesive
for screws

128 TOHNICHI TORQUE HANDBOOK Vol.8

 TECHNICAL DATA
3Loosening prevention (Mechanical)
Table 8-10. Preventing loose joints

Methods of using elastic washers

Belleville spring washer Spring washer Claw spring washer Toothed washer Chapter

Method of using check nut First tighten the lower nut to about 80% of the
specified torque. Then, tighten the upper nut to
8
100% of the specified torque. This generates a
reactive force between the two nuts and prevents
them from becoming loose. If the load capacity
a b of the nuts is likely to cause a problem, use the

Screws
thicker one on top as shown in gure (b).

Method of using small screw Method of using a claw or wire

Caulking

Methods to bend or calk part of the washer Calking

Claw washer Tongued washer
Bending Bending Key channel Caulking

Bending

Method to apply part of the material to the side of the nut Method of using split cotter

Method to use power applied to the bearing surface

Method of deforming

Method of lling nylon Method to use force-loosening check nut

Nylon Caulking
Nylon Expansion channel
(4-6 places)

Technical Data 129