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    Oil Treat

    Uploaded by

    farhan
    The document discusses several processes used in oilfield operations: 1) An oil treatment process uses inorganic salts to remove water from heavy crude oil by forming separate water and oil layers when mixed and warmed. 2) Demulsifiers are specialty chemicals used to break emulsions of water and oil that form in production and separate water from oil. 3) Corrosion inhibitors are injected into pipes to prevent corrosion from turbulent fluid mixtures.

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    Oil Treat

    Uploaded by

    farhan
    14 views3 pages
    The document discusses several processes used in oilfield operations: 1) An oil treatment process uses inorganic salts to remove water from heavy crude oil by forming separate water and oil layers when mixed and warmed. 2) Demulsifiers are specialty chemicals used to break emulsions of water and oil that form in production and separate water from oil. 3) Corrosion inhibitors are injected into pipes to prevent corrosion from turbulent fluid mixtures.

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    The document discusses several processes used in oilfield operations: 1) An oil treatment process uses inorganic salts to remove water from heavy crude oil by forming separate water and oil layers when mixed and warmed. 2) Demulsifiers are specialty chemicals used to break emulsions of water and oil that form in production and separate water from oil. 3) Corrosion inhibitors are injected into pipes to prevent corrosion from turbulent fluid mixtures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    14 views3 pages

    Oil Treat

    Uploaded by

    farhan
    The document discusses several processes used in oilfield operations: 1) An oil treatment process uses inorganic salts to remove water from heavy crude oil by forming separate water and oil layers when mixed and warmed. 2) Demulsifiers are specialty chemicals used to break emulsions of water and oil that form in production and separate water from oil. 3) Corrosion inhibitors are injected into pipes to prevent corrosion from turbulent fluid mixtures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Oil Treat:

    A process for removing water from heavy crude oil uses an inorganic salt, which is a Group IA,

    or Group IIA metal halide or nitrate salts. The crude oil is in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion

    with water content of 8% (by weight) or less. The salt is stirred into the crude oil. The resulting

    mixture is warmed. A water layer with added salts and an oil layer form. The salts are water-

    soluble and settle out of the crude oil layer with the water.

    Chemical Emulsifier:

    The process of oil and water salts separation in oilfields is called demulsification.

    Emulsions of water and oil in oilfields are formed due to turbulence in the production tubing and

    pipeline and especially when passing through chokes such as at the wellhead. These water-in-oil

    or oil-in-water type of emulsions produced are therefore treated with demulsifiers for separation

    of water from oil. Demulsifiers are the specialty chemicals which demulsify crude oil in oilfields.

    They break the water-oil emulsions and separate bulk of the water from oil produced. This

    partially refined oil is then transported to the refineries.

    Crude corrosion inhibiters:

    Somewhat chemical we injected to special location (inlet- before outlet) to avoid corrosion in

    pipes. It is clear that the inhibitors may be introduced into the top of the well and allowed to flow

    down or may be forced through any given point or points in the well at which the inhibitor then

    can come in contact with the turbulent up-going fluid mixture which, as stated, would cause

    metal corrosion but for the presence of the corrosion inhibitors of this invention. The corrosion

    inhibitors of this invention may be introduced into the system as such; or they may be dissolved

    in a suitable solvent such as mineral oil, crude oil, kerosene, gasoline, organic esters, alcohols,
    ketones, or even Water. Although any solvent, which is nonreactive with the corrosion inhibitor,

    may be employed, kerosene or a light hydrocarbon fraction is preferred as the particular solvent.

    When a solvent is used, it is preferred to use a concentration of corrosion inhibitor varying from

    about 20 to 40 percent.

    The efficiencies of the various inhibitors were determined both in hydrogen sulfide and in carbon

    dioxide environments.

    Scale Inhibiter:

    Oilfield scale inhibition is the process of preventing the formation of scale from blocking or

    hindering fluid flow through pipelines, valves, and pumps used in oil production and processing.

    Examples of oilfield scales are calcium carbonate, iron sulfides, barium sulfate and strontium

    sulfate. Scale inhibition encompasses the processes or techniques employed to treat scaling

    problems.

    We use some scale inhibiters, which are:

    Acrylic acid polymers

    Phosphonates

    Maleic acid polymers

    Gas corrosion inhibiters:

    Gas corrosion is similar to scaling. Acid gases, such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon

    dioxide (CO2) are often present in produced fluids, and oxygen is sometimes a contaminant in

    the water used for injection. These acid gases increase the corrosively of the waters to steel, and

    can significantly affect the safe operating life of production tubular and equipment, production
    vessels, and transportation systems. The chemicals that we used in scaling removal also protect

    gas corrosion.

    Fire Fixed System:

    Fixed fire extinguishing/suppression systems are commonly used to protect areas containing

    valuable or critical equipment such as data processing rooms, telecommunication switches, and

    process control rooms. Their main function is to quickly extinguish a developing fire and alert

    occupants before extensive damage occurs by filling the protected area with a gas or chemical

    extinguishing agent.

    Fixed System is a complete installation piped from a central foam station, discharging through

    fixed discharge devices on the hazard being protected. Foam proportioning components are

    permanently installed.

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