Text Structure Frames (aka Writing Frames, Paragraph Frames)

Descriptive Text Example 1

There are __________________ kinds of ____________________. The first kind

of

________________________ is _________________________________________.

It__________________________________________________________________.

The second one is ____________________________________________________.

It __________________________________________________________________.

The third kind is ______________________________________________________.

It __________________________________________________________________.

Now you can recognize the __________________ kinds of

____________________.

Descriptive Text Example 2

_________________________________ have several specific characteristics.

One

characteristic is ______________________________________________________.

Another key characteristic is the ____________________________________,

which

*Frames should not be used as worksheets for students to fill-in. They should be used to support
students thinking as they retell, summarize, and/or write. Teachers should create their own frames
based on specific passages that their students will read. Remember the key is to use signal words
and phrases that clearly indicate the structure of the text students are reading and/or writing about.

Shared by: Kristi Orcutt, Literacy Specialist, kristio@essdack.org, www.essdack.org

 Text Structure Frames (aka Writing Frames, Paragraph Frames)
influences how ______________________________________________________.

Another important trait is __________________________________________. This

is

important because ____________________________________________________.

Sequence Text Example 1

Here is how a ________________________________________________ is made.

First, _______________________________________________________________.

Second, ____________________________________________________________.

Next,_______________________________________________________________.

Then, ______________________________________________________________.

Finally, _____________________________________________________________.

Sequence Text - Example 2

Here are the steps to follow to

___________________________________________.

*Frames should not be used as worksheets for students to fill-in. They should be used to support
students thinking as they retell, summarize, and/or write. Teachers should create their own frames
based on specific passages that their students will read. Remember the key is to use signal words
and phrases that clearly indicate the structure of the text students are reading and/or writing about.

Shared by: Kristi Orcutt, Literacy Specialist, kristio@essdack.org, www.essdack.org

 Text Structure Frames (aka Writing Frames, Paragraph Frames)
First, _______________________________________________________________.

Second, ____________________________________________________________.

Next,_______________________________________________________________.

Its important to remember to____________________________________________.

The last step is to ____________________________________________________.

_
By following these steps, youll be able to
__________________________________.

Comparison and Contrast Text Example 1

________________________ and ________________________ are similar in several

ways. They both ________________________ ______________________________.

They also ____________________________________________________________.

Finally, both __________________________________________________________.

Because of these similarities, we can

______________________________________.

*Frames should not be used as worksheets for students to fill-in. They should be used to support
students thinking as they retell, summarize, and/or write. Teachers should create their own frames
based on specific passages that their students will read. Remember the key is to use signal words
and phrases that clearly indicate the structure of the text students are reading and/or writing about.

Shared by: Kristi Orcutt, Literacy Specialist, kristio@essdack.org, www.essdack.org

 Text Structure Frames (aka Writing Frames, Paragraph Frames)
Comparison and Contrast Text Example 2

________________________ and ________________________ are different in

several ways. One difference is that _______________________________,

while on

the other hand __________________________________. Another way they

differ is

____________________________________________________________________.

In addition, ____________________, however, ______________________________.

In contrast, ___________________________________________________________.

These differences help us to see

__________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________.

Problem and Solution Text Example 1

Sentence 1tells who had the problem and what the problem is
Sentence 2tells what action was taken to try to solve the problem
Sentence 3tells what happened as a result of the action taken

___________________________________________ had/was/is a problem because

____________________________________________________________________.

*Frames should not be used as worksheets for students to fill-in. They should be used to support
students thinking as they retell, summarize, and/or write. Teachers should create their own frames
based on specific passages that their students will read. Remember the key is to use signal words
and phrases that clearly indicate the structure of the text students are reading and/or writing about.

Shared by: Kristi Orcutt, Literacy Specialist, kristio@essdack.org, www.essdack.org

 Text Structure Frames (aka Writing Frames, Paragraph Frames)

Therefore,____________________________________________________________.

As a result, ___________________________________________________________.

Problem and Solution Text Example 2

The problem of _______________________________ really boils down to the

issue of

____________________________________. In the past, the common solution

was to

____________________________________________. However, this was only

effective in terms of ____________________________________. There are now

other solutions that might work. One option would be to

______________________.

This would ______________________________________. Another option would

be

to _____________________________________. This is ideal because __________

_________________________________. These possible solutions are worth

considering if we are to solve this issue in the near future.

Cause and Effect Text Example 1

*Frames should not be used as worksheets for students to fill-in. They should be used to support
students thinking as they retell, summarize, and/or write. Teachers should create their own frames
based on specific passages that their students will read. Remember the key is to use signal words
and phrases that clearly indicate the structure of the text students are reading and/or writing about.

Shared by: Kristi Orcutt, Literacy Specialist, kristio@essdack.org, www.essdack.org

 Text Structure Frames (aka Writing Frames, Paragraph Frames)
Because of ______________________, ____________________________________.

_______________________ caused _______________________________________.

Therefore ____________________________________________________________.

Finally, due to ______________________, __________________________________.

This explains why ______________________________________________________.

Cause and Effect Text Example 2

The cause of _____________________________is not easy to define. Some

people

think the cause is _____________________________________________________.

Others believe the main cause is

_________________________________________.

Understanding the cause of ____________________________ is important

because

____________________________________________________________________.

Cause and Effect Text Example 3

The effects of _____________________________________ are significant

because

___________________________________________________________________.

One effect of _______________________ is _______________________________.

*Frames should not be used as worksheets for students to fill-in. They should be used to support
students thinking as they retell, summarize, and/or write. Teachers should create their own frames
based on specific passages that their students will read. Remember the key is to use signal words
and phrases that clearly indicate the structure of the text students are reading and/or writing about.

Shared by: Kristi Orcutt, Literacy Specialist, kristio@essdack.org, www.essdack.org

 Text Structure Frames (aka Writing Frames, Paragraph Frames)

Another result is ______________________________________________________.

Because of these outcomes, it important that

________________________________.

*Frames should not be used as worksheets for students to fill-in. They should be used to support
students thinking as they retell, summarize, and/or write. Teachers should create their own frames
based on specific passages that their students will read. Remember the key is to use signal words
and phrases that clearly indicate the structure of the text students are reading and/or writing about.

Shared by: Kristi Orcutt, Literacy Specialist, kristio@essdack.org, www.essdack.org