Energy Audit of Commercial Building Paper Publish

Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2017 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No: - 2456 - 2165
Energy Audit of Commercial Building

Rajat Sharma, Vedant Shukla ,Vaibhav Mudgal , Mr. R.M holmukhe
123
B.Tech Electrical Engineering
4
Asst. Professor, Electrical Engineering
BVDU College of Engineering Pune, India
Abstract :- Subsidized tariffs provided no incentive for blowers and many other types of equipments. Besides
energy efficiency investments in the building sector in this, a little background of finances as well as project
the past, but increasing energy tariffs now make such management is also needed. Decision-making skills
investments important for the economic development of based on available data are also a requirement for an
any establishment. The energy costs for both residential energy auditor.
and public buildings like schools, hospitals, colleges and
offices comprise a substantial part of the municipal II. NEED OF AUDIT
budgets. To reduce the energy consumption and costs,
and to improve the indoor environment, it is necessary to An energy audit is an survey and analysis of flow of
renovate and implement energy efficiency measures in energy. Auditing helps in reduction of energy bills
buildings. Projects should be developed and improving the efficiency of energy consumption in the
implemented in a structured and efficient way, requiring house. This audit reduces the carbon footprint and helps
good Energy Auditing and Project Management to decrease unnecessary waste and pollution. This is
very important to have a check on the energy saving and
methods and tools. This capacity does not exist at a
the devices consuming large amount of energy which can
sufficient level today. Therefore, capacity building on
be replaced by the more efficient technologies.
these issues is essential to achieve a sustainable
development. III. BENEFITS OF ENERGY AUDIT
I. INTRODUCTION In any industry, the three top operating expenses are
often found to be energy (both electrical and thermal),
Design and architect professionals as well as plant labour and materials. If one were to relate to the
engineers have to recognize the importance of reducing manageability of the cost or potential cost savings in
overall energy consumption, whether it is a building, each of the above components, energy would invariably
plant, or process that is under their jurisdiction for emerge as a top ranker, and thus energy management
design construction or operation. Energy use reduction function constitutes a strategic area for cost reduction.
or conservation has four main steps. The planning of Energy Audit will help to understand more about the
energy conservation requires setting goals to meet ways energy and fuel are used in any industry, and help
within the time frame available, prioritizing the use of in identifying the areas where waste can occur and
resources, and determining a schedule for where scope for improvement exists. The Energy Audit
implementation. Conducting a survey of existing would give a positive orientation to the energy cost
facilities, process, equipment, operation, and reduction, preventive maintenance and quality control
maintenance is very important. Some type of programmes which are vital for production and utility
measurement may be needed. Data on the operating activities. Such an audit programme will help to keep
environment and the type of operation is necessary. focus on variations which occur in the energy costs,
Because the survey and the data collection may become availability and reliability of supply of energy, decide on
labour intensive, it is necessary to plan and prepare appropriate energy mix, identify energy conservation
survey forms, the type of data to be collected, computer technologies, retrofit for energy conservation equipment
data entry procedures, etc. before starting the survey. In etc. In general, Energy Audit is the translation of
large facilities and complex processes, it may be conservation ideas into realities, by lending technically
advisable to break this survey into several steps, such as feasible solutions with economic and other
a reconnaissance, and preliminary, detailed, and final organizational considerations within a specified time
survey. The subject Energy Auditing is highly technical frame.
and it involves many engineering branches like
Electrical, Mechanical, Chemical, etc. For an energy IV. METHODOLOGY FOR ENERGY AUDIT
auditor, it is necessary that he should have complete
knowledge of the system for which he is going to A structured methodology is helpful in carrying out the
perform energy auditing. For example, in a process plant energy audit in a more efficient way. Methodology varies
energy auditor will come across pumps, motors, fans and from one organization to another; however, the
IJISRT17MY183 www.ijisrt.com 635

ISSN No: - 2456 - 2165
objectives of energy auditing should be fulfilled The bill amount is seen maximum in the month of April
whatever methodology adopted should be known to the and May and lowest in the month of October, November
external energy auditor before hand, so that the energy and December. Due to various practical exams the
auditor remains aware about the activities, He is energy consumption in the month of April and May is
supposed to do during the auditing phase. This can be more. Various motors and computers running the energy
discussed during pre bid discussion. Some of the steps consumption is more. In these months the city of PUNE
for finalizing the methodology for Preparation of single experiences the hottest period of the year and hence the
line diagram of electrical system. Average load on usage of Fans, Water cooler, Air conditioners etc, due to
transformers and on various other feeders are required this the energy consumption in these months are more
to be mentioned. Collection of energy audit is mentioned than any other month in the whole year.Proper use of
below; Predefine data related with energy consumption. fan should be done so as to reduce the unnecessary load
Study of annual energy bill and energy consumption and to switch of the Fans where nobody is present Also
patterns. Preparation of pie chart, graph etc. of the use proper Energy efficient Air conditioners and Water
energy consumption pattern. Identification of energy coolers so as to reduce the energy consumption in the
consumption per unit of product and also cost of energy given period of time.
per unit of product. Identification of cost of energy in
total cost of product. These are all baseline data, which VI. KVAH
are neglected during the detailed analysis of energy
consumption. A scheduled for taking measurements of
site is to be prepared in consultation with the engineer- KVAH
in-charge, so that plant personnel could be spared and 80000
deputed along with the auditing team. It should also be
indicated that the suggested energy saving scheme is 60000
new one or retrofitting in the existing system is required.
40000
Further, it should be prioritized by short, medium and KVAH
long-term measure. Training program for general 20000
awareness may also be kept in the scope of energy
0
auditor however, this requirement is optional. The
energy auditor may also study the existing energy JAN MAR MAY JUL SEP NOV JAN
monitoring and reporting scheme and if any
improvement is required, it may be suggested along with Fig 2 -UNITS UTILISED
the cost benefit analysis. Many times, harmonics study
In the conventional method of electricity metering, the
and thermography of the equipment are also kept as
active energy (KWh) is measured. And the tariff is fixed
part of energy audit program. Sometimes, involvement of
by most of the utility (duly authorized by the regulatory
energy auditor in implementation of energy saving
authority) for active energy consumed. When the
scheme is also kept as part of energy saving scheme is
reactive power factor of the load falls below unity or
also kept as part of energy audit.
below specified value, the apparent energy (KVAh)
delivered to the load increases for the same active
V. ENERGY AUDIT OF ENGINEERING
energy (KWh) delivered. This means the supplier has to
800000 maintain an additional installed capacity due to poor
power factor of the load maintained by the consumer. It
700000
indicates that the total energy consumption by the
600000
college is same throughout the year, and there is a same
500000
amount the total Active and Reactive power that has
400000 (IN RUPEE) been consumed by the college every month.The use of
300000 proper Energy efficient Fans and other motors that are
BILL AMOUNT
200000 used throughout the years such as Water pumps for
100000 boring and to pump the water to the tanks and other fire
0 fighting pipes installed all over the college.
JAN
JAN
SEP
JUL
NOV
MAR
MAY
KVAh = KWh + KWRh.

COLLEGE
Fig 1-COST PER MONTH

ISSN No: - 2456 - 2165
VII. CONSUMPTION IX. CALCULATION
WORKSHOP BUILDING CALCULATIONS:

CONSUMPTION (KWh) Total Fan Load = 202; Total tubes = 229
80000 Replacement of 60 watts fans with 50 watts good quality
60000 Havells/khaitan fans.
40000 CONSUMPTION Total difference = 202 x 10 (difference) = 2020 watts
20000 (KWH) total saving
0 Use of LED in case of tubes of 43 watts with 16 watts.

JAN
JAN
JUL
SEP
NOV
MAR
MAY
Total difference = 229 x 27 (difference) = 6183 watts

total saving.
Fig 3. Consumption
Total saving=2020+6183=8203; total cost saved per
The metering bill is calculated on the basis of KWh value. hour=8203x0.08=656.24perhr
As seen from the graph the energy consumption is
maximum in the month of April than any other month Total cost per week=656.24x40=Rs26249.5.
thus causing the bill amount to be maximum in this Total investment=202x1700=343400(fan);
month. The consumption of energy is due to the summer 229X121=27709(light)
season and due to various college activity, so as to
reduce the load there is a need of power saving devices =Rs371109
and as well as the use of energy efficient machines .
Payback period=371109/26249.6=14 weeks approx..
VIII. REACTIVE POWER
WEST WING CALCULATIONS:
Total Fan Load = 175 ; Total Tubes = 265

RKVAH(lag)
Replacement of 60 watts fans with 50 watts good quality
53000
Havells/khaitan fans.
52000
51000 Total difference = 175 x 10 (difference) = 1750 watts
50000 total saving.
49000 RKVAH(lag)
48000 Use of LED in case of tubes of 43 watts with 16 watts.
47000
Total difference = 265 x 27 (difference) = 7155 watts
Jan
Jan
Apr
Jul
Oct
total saving.
Total saving = 1750 + 7155 = Rs 8905

Fig 4 . RKVAH Total cost saved per hour = 8905 x 0.08 = Rs712.4
The reactive power consumption can be seen from the Total cost saved per week = 712.4 x 40 = Rs 28496
above graph. The consumption is maximum in the month
of November and is Minimum in the month of January. Total investment (fan) = 175 x 1700 = Rs 297500
The reactive power consumption is increasing as the
Total investment (tube) = 265 x 121 = Rs 32065
term end approaches to its end .It gradually increases
from January to June as the terms (even semester) get Total cost = Rs 329565
over the reactive power consumption is thus decreased
in the month of July , due to the commencement of new
Payback period = 329565/28496
course (odd semester) . Then it increases to the highest
=11.5 or 12 approx.
value in the month of November .It can be seen that the
graph follows an symmetric curve throughout the CENTRAL WING CALCULATIONS:
semester except it rises continuously in the month of
August, September, October, November, then falls in Total Fan Load = 258; Total tubes = 292
December due to the ending of the term ( odd semester).

ISSN No: - 2456 - 2165
Replacement of 60 watts fans with 50 watts good quality

Havells/khaitan fans.
Total difference = 258 x 10 (difference) = 2580 watts of

total saving.
Use of LED in case of tubes of 43 watts with 16 watts,
Total difference =292 x 27 = 7884 watts total saving.
Total saving = 2580 + 7884 = Rs 10464
Total cost saved per hour = 10464 x 0.08 = Rs 837.12
Total cost saved per week = 837.12 x 40 = Rs 33484.8
Total investment (fans) = 258 x 1700 = Rs 438600
Total investment (tube) = 292 x 121 = Rs 35332
Payback period = 473932/33484.8 = 14 weeks approx.
X. CONCLUSION
In these days of uncertainty, it is important to keep

operating expenses to a minimum. Unnecessary costs
include costs for energy we dont, need to use. The major
loads for a commercial buildings are the lighting loads,
pumps and the major motors running for hours.
Therefore major consumption in lightening system can
be reduced by using efficient lamps with less power
rating and the efficiency of which is more. The system for
lightening can be modified by changing the filament
bulbs the fluorescent lamps , these products incur high
losses in power and more consumption therefore it
should be replaced by LED bulbs the CFLs. these have
high energy saving. Automatic lightening system may be
used which detect the presence of a person this helps in
improved lightening performance.
REFERENCES
[1] https://beeindia.gov.in/sites/default/files/1Ch3.pdf
[2] Renewable energy sources & conservation technology-

N.K.Bansal
[3] Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Power,

Government of India, Hand Book on Energy Efficiency
[3] Prof. Dr. Eng. lliva K. lliev, Energy Efficiency and

Energy Management Handbook, EEFF, May 2011
[4] All India Regionwise Generating Installed Capacity

of Power Central Electricity Authority, Government of
India [Online],2014. Available: www.wikipedia.com.

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Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2017 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No: - 2456 - 2165

Energy Audit of Commercial Building

IJISRT17MY183 www.ijisrt.com 635

KVAh = KWh + KWRh.

Fig 1-COST PER MONTH

IJISRT17MY183 www.ijisrt.com 636

VII. CONSUMPTION IX. CALCULATION

WORKSHOP BUILDING CALCULATIONS:

0 Use of LED in case of tubes of 43 watts with 16 watts.

Total difference = 229 x 27 (difference) = 6183 watts

Total Fan Load = 175 ; Total Tubes = 265

Total saving = 1750 + 7155 = Rs 8905

IJISRT17MY183 www.ijisrt.com 637

Replacement of 60 watts fans with 50 watts good quality

Total difference = 258 x 10 (difference) = 2580 watts of

Use of LED in case of tubes of 43 watts with 16 watts,

Total difference =292 x 27 = 7884 watts total saving.

Total saving = 2580 + 7884 = Rs 10464

Total cost saved per hour = 10464 x 0.08 = Rs 837.12

Total cost saved per week = 837.12 x 40 = Rs 33484.8

Total investment (fans) = 258 x 1700 = Rs 438600

Total investment (tube) = 292 x 121 = Rs 35332

Payback period = 473932/33484.8 = 14 weeks approx.

In these days of uncertainty, it is important to keep

[2] Renewable energy sources & conservation technology-

[3] Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Power,

[3] Prof. Dr. Eng. lliva K. lliev, Energy Efficiency and

[4] All India Regionwise Generating Installed Capacity

IJISRT17MY183 www.ijisrt.com 638

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