28-IOC,GOLD STD Ix

IOC
angiography

in
c/c abd angina/ischemia-sel visceral angiography
cerebral aneurysm-DSA
renovasc HTN-angiography>MRI abd
sequestration lung-angiography
SMA obstruct-angiography

s.
Bx/FNAC
breast FibroadeNomA-FNAC breast
ca esoph-endoscopic esoph Bx
ca thy, thy nodule-FNAC thy
DMD-PCR>m Bx
iim
hairy cell leukemia-bone marrow Bx
liver transplant rejection-liver Bx
local amyloidosis-local Bx
lung transplant rejection-transbronchial Bx
parotid swelling-FNAC parotid gld
postmenopausal blding-endometrial aspiration(Bx)> fractional curettage
renal transplant rejection-ren Bx
systemic amyloid-abdom fat aspiratn> rectal Bx> gingival Bx
4a
temporal arteritis-temporal a Bx
Wilson ds-liver Bx(quantitative Cu assay)

CT
a/c appendicitis, a/c diverticulitis, a/c pancreatitis, blunt trauma abd, RCC-CECT abd
a/c brain hge(EDH,SDH,SAH), a/c hgic infarct, stroke-NCCT brain
aortic aneurysm-MDCT abd
m

aortic dissection-MDCT chest>MRI

bone cortex lesion, osteoid osteoma-CT bone
bowel lesion, ca stom staging, emphysematous lesion, GIST, intra abd abscess,
xanthogranuloma pyelonephritis, pancr mass(10mm), nonpalpable undescended
testis-CT abd
bronchiectasis, emphysema, interstitial lung ds, miliary TB, pleural plaque, vasc ring
Ai

around esoph-HRCT chest

ca esoph staging, lung tm, mediast LNpathy, pneum-CECT chest
calcied pericardium, lung lesion-CT chest
calcied intracranial pathology, calcied neurocysticercosis-CT brain
Choanal aTresia-CT
CSF rhinorrh, PNS lesion-CT PNS
#acetab, #ankle, #Lefort, #temp bone-3DCT
glomus tm-CECT
neuroangiobroma-CECT
 otosclerosis-CT
pulm embolism-CT angiography>MDCT
renal trauma, TB kidn-CECT pelvis
sinusitis-NCCT PNS
urinary stone-NCCT pelvis
urological trauma-CT pelvis

endoscopy
Asherman synd-hysteroscopy

in
CBD path, c/c pancreatitis-ERCP>endoscopic USG
ca stom, Dieulafoy lesion-EGDscopy
ca UB, Hunner ulcer, UB stone, urogenital stula-cystoscopy
endometriosis, undescended testes-laparoscopy
glottic system/vocal cord-videostroboscopy(interm light)

s.
IUCD-complete perforation-laparoscopy, perforation-laparohysteroscopy

mammography
screen of DCIS breast

microscopy
iim
chanCRoid(H duCReyi), Neisseria-Gram stain
donovanosis(C donovanosis)-Giemsa stain
Leishmania donovani-bone marrow examination(amastigote)
leprosy-ZN stain
prim,sec syphilis-dark ground microscopy>FTA ABS

MRI
adherent placenta-MRI
4a
astrocytoma, brain lesion, c/c SAH, diffuse axonal inj, hippocamp sclerosis,
meningioma, neonat IVH, neurocysticercosis, optic glioma, parameningeal
rhabdomyosarcoma, pit tm, PML, white matter disord-MRI brain
AVN bone, bone bruise, bone marrow lesion, #occult, #stress, intraosseous bone tm,
osteoMyelitis-MRI bone
brain tm-CEMRI
breast implant-MRI
m

cartilage lesion-MRI
CBD stone-MRCP
DDH hip, AVN hip, Perthes ds-MRI hip
entrapment neuropathy-MRI>EMG NCV
fungal sinusitis-MRI PNS
hamartoma-MRI
Ai

hemangioma liver-MRI abd

leptomeningeal carcinomatosis-GdMRI brain
lig lesion-MRI
Mullerian anomaly-MRI>3D/4D USG
multiple sclerosis, posttraumatic paraplegia, spinal cord lesion, spinal cord tm,
syringomyelia, TB spine-MRI spine
nasopharyngeal ca, paraglottic space, preglottic space-MRI neck
neurilemmoma(schwannoma)-GdMRI
n lesion-MRI
 neural invasion-MRI
osteoarthritis-MRI jt
Pancoast tm-MRI chest
periventric leukomalacia-diffusion wt MRI
preoperat evaluat of endom ca-CEMRI
rotator cuff inj-MRI
staging pelvic malign-MRI pelvis
tendon lesion-MRI
vestibular schwannoma-BERA>GdEMRI

in
nuclear scan
b/l #stress, bony met, osteoblast/sclerotic met-bone scan
ca esoph met-18FDGPET
ca stom met-PET>CECT/MRI

s.
cong hypothy-I2 scan
GIST met-PET
lower GI blding-Tc99RBC SPECT
malign otitis externa-Tc99/gallium scan
Meckel diverticulum-Tcpertechnate scan
osteolytic met-FDG PET
osteoporosis-DEXA scan iim
parathy adenoma-Tcsestamibi scan
parathy path-Tcthallium substraction
pheochromocytoma-DOPA PET>MRI abd
pheochromocytoma extraadrenal-DOPA PET>MIBG
radiat induced necrosis-PET>Bx
recur ca ovary-PET
recur GIST-PET
4a
remnant spleen-Tc99 RBC scan
reversible cardiac ischemia-Thallium scan
screen renovasc HTN-DTPA
thy nodule+thyrotoxicosis-I131 scan

serology
cong Toxoplasma-IgM IAGA(Immuno Absorptive Agglutination Assay)
m

dengue-neutralisation test
giardiasis-stool EIA
hydatid cyst-ELISA>USG abd
invasive amoebiasis-ELISA(galactosamine lectin Ag) stool
invasive aspergillosis-galactomannan Ag assay
latent, tertiary syphilis-FTA ABS>dark ground microscopy
Ai

Lyme ds(Borrelia burgdorferi)-Western blot(p66Ab)>ELISA

USG
a/c&c/c cholecystitis, ascites, CHPS, GB stone, H mole, liver abscess, missing IUCD,
obstruct jaund, Wilms tm-USG abd
aortic dissection unstable-TEE
breast abscess-breast USG
ca esoph depth, ca stom depth, insulinoma, pancr mass(<10mm)-endoscopic USG
carotid a stenosis screen, DVT, IVC thrombus, portal HTN, ren v thrombus, testicular
 torsion-colour doppler
dating in preg-1st trimest USG
DDH<6mth, screen of neonat hip-USG
ectopic preg-TVS+sr hCG>TVS
broid uterus-USG(hypoechoic)
keratoconus-orbscan
ovarian mass-TVS
pericardial effusion-echoCG
periph a aneurysm-duplex colour USG

in
prevention of adherent placenta-doppler USG
screen of NTD-USG
thy anatomy-USG neck
unstable abd injury-Focussed Assessm by Sonography(FAST)

s.
Xray
achalasia cardia, caustic stricture esoph, GERD, Killian diverticulum, leiomyoma
esoph, Zenker diverticulum-Ba swallow
CDH-CXR after inserting nasogastric tube
diverticulosis, hiatus hernia, Schatzki/B ring-Ba meal
iim
gastric volvulus, esoph perforation, pleural effusion, pneumoperitoneum/GI
perforation-CXR
intest obstruct-Xr abd supine>CT abd
PUV, urethral stricture, VUR-MCU
screen Asherman synd, tubal block, uterine didelphys-HSG
swallow disord-videofluoroscopy
trachesoph stula-dianosil(iohexol) study
UB inj-retrograde cystogram
uRethRal inj-RGU>MCU
4a
A/c Appendicitis in preg-Alders test
amenorrhoea prim-karyotyping
bronchiolitis obliterans synd-spirometry(FEV1<20%)
completeness of vagotomy-Hollander(insulin) test
fetal lung maturity-lecithin:sphingomyelin>2, DM mother-phosphatidylglycerol
H pylorI-rapId urease test, progn-urea breath test
m

hearing loss neonat-BERA

Histoplasma-fungal culture
HSV encephalitis-PCR DNA CSF
malabsorption-D xylose test
mesenteric Lipodystrophy-Laparotomy
myasthenia gravis-single bre EMG
Ai

Neuropathy-N conduction velocity

Norwalk virus inf-PCR
NTD-amniotic fluid AChsterase
osteosclerosis-impedance audiometry
screen acromegaly-IGF1assay
screen cystic brosis-immunoreactive trypsinogen
screen hemochromatosis-UIBC(Unsaturated/unbound Iron Binding Capacity)
screen hyperPhemia-spectrometry
screen myasth gravis-edrophonium/tensilon test
 sickle cell anem-Hb electrophoresis
TB-culture
typhoid-bld culture(/10 dilution in glu&bile broth), carrier-stool culture
urinary incontinence-uroflowmetry

GOLD Std(Best) Ix
a/c cholecystitis-TcHIDA scan
achalasia cardia, diffuse esoph spasm-manometry
aortic dissection-MRI

in
Barett esoph-lower esoph Bx
CBD stone-ERCP
CML-genetic
CMV cong-PCR(urine, saliva)
double lumen ETT-breoptic bronchoscopy

s.
DVT-Venography
ETT insertion-capnography
GERD-24h pH monitoring
GIST-PET
Goodpasture synd-renal Bx

HIV-PCR
HSV encephalitis-Bx brain
hydatid CysT-CT abd
iim
H pylori inf-antral Bx(stain)
heart transplant rejection-endomyocardial Bx via transjugular approach

insulinoma-72h fasting test

knee lig inj-arthroscopy
LV fn-cardiac MRI
M tb-IS6110 genotyping
4a
Malign hyperthermia-M Bx>caffeine halothane contracture test
Mullerian anomaly-laparohysteroscopy
neonat alveolar proteinosis-lung Bx
neonat sepsis-bld culture
NMJ monitor-EMG
osteomalacia-bone Bx
osteoporoSiS-DEXA Scan
m

PNH-flow cytometry(CD59)
postmenopausal blding-fractional currettage
pouch Douglas abscess-post colpotomy
screen DCIS breast-MRI breast
sickl cell anem, thalassemia-HPLC(High Performance Liquid Chromatography)
TB spine-CT guided Bx
Ai

testic torsion-99mTcpertechnetate scan

Toxoplasma-Sabin Feldman dye test
tubal fact infertility-laparoscopy
typhoid-bone marrow culture
urine collection-suprapubic aspiration
UTI-urine culture

Abbreviations
a-artery, AA-amino acid, abtc-antibiotic, AI-autoimmune
 bef-before, bel-below, b/l-bilateral, bld-blood, b/n-between, bn-benign, br-branch,
Bx-biopsy
ca-carcinoma, carb-carbohydrate, c/i-contraindication, c/l-contralateral,
conc-concentration, cong-congenital, Cx-cervix
d-day, def-deficient, ds-disease, d/t-due to, Dx-diagnosis
E-estrogen
fem-female, fr-from
gld-gland, glu-glucose
h-hormone

in
idiop-idiopathic, i/l-ipsilateral, inf-infection, inj-injury
lig-ligament, LL-lower limb, l/t-leading to
m-muscle, maj-major, mal-male, MC-most common, met-metastasis, min-minor,
mtx-methotrexate, Mx-management
n-nerve, norm-normal
P-progesterone, pl-plasma, prot-protein, pt-patient

s.
Rx-treatment
SCC-squamous cell carcinoma, sr-serum, Sx-surgery, sz-seizure
tm-tumour, ts-tissue
UL-upper limb, u/l-unilateral
vag-vagina, VC-vocal cord, vel-velocity, vert-vertebra, vit-vitamin, vol-volume
w-week, wt-weight
Xr-X ray
y-year
#-fracture
-degree
iim
THESE NOTES ARE ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF GUIDANCE AND HELP TO PG
ASPIRANTS, NOT FOR COMMERCIAL OR OTHER PURPOSE. REFERENCE HAS
BEEN TAKEN FROM VARIOUS STANDARD TEXTBOOKS.
4a
m
Ai