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    Lecture Topic: Mass Wasting

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    Nikhil Tuteja
    Mass wasting is the downhill movement of rock and soil due to gravity and includes various forms such as rockfalls, rockslides, creep, earthflows, debris flows, mudflows, and slumps. It is influenced by factors like particle size, water content, and changes to slope geometry. A common type of landslide consists of an upper slump and lower earthflow, where unconsolidated material slides as a unit in the slump and then flows in a fluid-like manner in the earthflow. Removing support at the base of a slope through activities like cutting can decrease stability and cause failures.

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    Lecture Topic: Mass Wasting

    Uploaded by

    Nikhil Tuteja
    9 views3 pages
    Mass wasting is the downhill movement of rock and soil due to gravity and includes various forms such as rockfalls, rockslides, creep, earthflows, debris flows, mudflows, and slumps. It is influenced by factors like particle size, water content, and changes to slope geometry. A common type of landslide consists of an upper slump and lower earthflow, where unconsolidated material slides as a unit in the slump and then flows in a fluid-like manner in the earthflow. Removing support at the base of a slope through activities like cutting can decrease stability and cause failures.

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    Mass Wasting

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    Mass Wasting

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    Mass wasting is the downhill movement of rock and soil due to gravity and includes various forms such as rockfalls, rockslides, creep, earthflows, debris flows, mudflows, and slumps. It is influenced by factors like particle size, water content, and changes to slope geometry. A common type of landslide consists of an upper slump and lower earthflow, where unconsolidated material slides as a unit in the slump and then flows in a fluid-like manner in the earthflow. Removing support at the base of a slope through activities like cutting can decrease stability and cause failures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    9 views3 pages

    Lecture Topic: Mass Wasting

    Uploaded by

    Nikhil Tuteja
    Mass wasting is the downhill movement of rock and soil due to gravity and includes various forms such as rockfalls, rockslides, creep, earthflows, debris flows, mudflows, and slumps. It is influenced by factors like particle size, water content, and changes to slope geometry. A common type of landslide consists of an upper slump and lower earthflow, where unconsolidated material slides as a unit in the slump and then flows in a fluid-like manner in the earthflow. Removing support at the base of a slope through activities like cutting can decrease stability and cause failures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Lecture Topic: Mass Wasting

    Tables 16.4
    Figures 16.13, 16.17**
    Key Terms angle of repose, consolidated material, creep, mass wasting, slump, talus,
    unconsolidated material

    Mass wasting includes all the processes by which rock and soil move downhill under
    the influence of gravity. Mass wasting is part of the general erosion of the land surface.
    The angle of repose increases with particle size and angularity.

    Moist sand sticks together to maintain a steep slope. Wet sand slides and flows to a low
    angle. Water in some pore spaces binds particles, but water between all particles keeps
    them apart and allows them to flow.
    Various forms of mass wasting can be recognized:
    Rockfall newly detached blocks of rock fall freely from a cliff or mountain side.
    Talus accumulates at the base of the cliff.

    Rockslide rocks slide down a slope. Whole masses of bedrock can slide rapidly
    as a single unit. Movement usually occurs along downward-sloping bedding
    planes or joints.
    Creep the slow downhill movement of soil or fine-grained debris. Moving at 1-
    10 mm/year it can proceed for many years before being noticed.

    Earthflow fluid mass movements of fine-grained materials like soil, clay, and
    weathered shale

    Debris flow fluid mass movement of rock fragments supported by a muddy


    matrix. Much material is coarser than sand. Rate of movement can be a few to
    tens of km/hr.
    Mudflow flowing mass of material mostly finer than sand, along with some
    larger debris, and including large amounts of water. Mud offers little resistance to
    flow, and mudflows typically travel at many km/hr. Prolonged rain events or
    sudden snowmelt can trigger mudflows in normally dry, stables slope areas.
    Slump slow slide of unconsolidated material that travels as a unit. Movements
    is usually along a slip surface.

    Common type of landslide consists of an upper slump and a lower flow


    o Slump slide of unconsolidated material that travels as a unit. Movement
    is usually along a slip surface
    o Earthflow fluid-like mass movements of fine-grained materials. The
    material in the flow deposit is chaotically arranged.

    A cut at the toe of a slope can create instability. The length of a section over which
    friction can oppose gravity has been dramatically shortened. Subsequently, the hillslope
    fails, or a landslide occurs.

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