Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.

___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

MBA - SEMESTERII EXAMINATION SUMMER 2017

Subject Code: 2820001 Date: 29/05/2017

Subject Name: Cost and Management Accounting
Time: 10.30 am - 01.30 pm Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Each question carries equal marks

Q.1 (A) Answer the following: (6)

1. Which method of Costing used in a Cement Industries?

a) Job Costing
b) Unit Costing
c) Process Costing
d) Operating Costing

2. Cost of Production equals to

a) Work Cost Plus Administrative Overhead
b) Prime Cost Plus Work Cost
c) Prime Cost Plus Work Overhead
d) Work overhead plus Administrative Overhead

3. Which is the smallest segment of activity or area or responsibility for which cost are
accumulated?
a) Cost Object
b) Cost Center
c) Cost Driver
d) Cost Pool

4. When actual loss in a process is less than Anticipated Loss, the difference is
considered as
a) Abnormal Loss
b) Normal Loss
c) Abnormal Gain
d) Normal Gain

5. When sales increases from 40000 to 60000 and profit increase by 5000, P/v ratio
would be
a) 20%
b) 35%
c) 25%
d) 40%

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 6. Which definition best describes Indirect Cost?
a) Indirect Cost are those cost which are not controlled directly by Managers
b) Indirect Cost are those cost which cannot be directly associated with a product or a
service.
c) Indirect Cost are fixed in nature
d) None of the above

Q.1 (B) Explain the following terms: (4)

a) Opportunity Cost
b) Margin of Safety
c) Apportionment
d) Key factor

Q.1 (C) You are given the following data: (4)

Year Sales Profit

2013 120,000 8000
2014 140,000 13000

Compute:
1) P/V Ratio
2) Breakeven Point
3) Profit when sales are 180,000
4) Sales required for earning a Profit of 12000.

Q.2 (A) The following data is available in respect of Process I for March 2015. (7)

The opening stock of work in progress is 800 units at a total cost of Rs. 4000, where materials at
100% completion stage and 60% completion with regard to labour and overheads. During the
month material at a total cost of 36800 for 9200 units were introduced. Direct Wages and
Production Overheads amounted to Rs. 16740 and Rs. 8370 respectively. Normal loss is 8% of
total input. The value of scrap realization is Rs. 4 per unit.

Total units scraped during the period were 1200. The stage of completion of these units is
material at 100% completion, while labour and overheads at 80% completion stage. Closing
work in progress at the end was 900 units with 100% completion with regards to materials and
70% completion with regards to labour and overheads. 7900 units were completed and
transferred to next process. You are required to compute:

1. Statement of equivalent production

2. Cost per equivalent unit for each product
3. Process Account.

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Q.2 (B) Define Marginal Cost and Marginal Costing. How would you treat variable and fixed
cost in marginal costing? (7)
OR
Q.2 (B) Do you agree that activity based costing is a more refined method of charging overheads
to products than traditional method. Explain. (7)

Q.3 (A) Excellent Manufactures can produce 4000 units of a certain product at 100% capacity.
The following information is obtained from the books of account: (7)

Particulars March 2015 April 2015

Units Produced 2800 3600
Repairs & Maintenance 500 560
Power 1700 2000
Shop Labour 700 900
Consumable Stores 1400 1800
Salaries 1000 1000
Inspection 200 240
Depreciation 1400 1400
Rate of production per hour is 10 units. Direct Material cost per unit is Rs.1 and Direct Wage
per hour is Rs.4. You are required to compute total cost and total cost per unit at 100%, 80%, and
60% capacity showing the Variable, Fixed and Semi Variable items under the flexible budget.

Q.3 (B) What is Zero Base Budgeting? What are the advantages of zero base approach over
traditional approach? (7)
OR
Q.3 (A) The standard material cost to produce one tonne of Chemical X is: (7)

300 kgs of Material A @ Rs. 10 per kg

400 kgs of Material B @ Rs. 5 per kg
500 kgs of Material C @ RS. 6 per kg

During the period, 100 tonnes of Chemical X were produced from the usage of:

35 tonnes of Material A at a cost of Rs.9000 per tonne

42 tonnes of Material B at a cost of Rs.6000 per tonne
53 tonnes of Material C at a cost of Rs.7000 per tonne

Calculate Material Variances from the following information.

Q. 3 (B) Distinguish between Joint- Products and By- Products by giving examples of each. (7)

Q.4 (A) Sai Travels owns a bus and operates a tourist service on a daily basis. The bus starts
from New City to Rest Village and returns back to New City on the same day. Distance between
and Rest Village is 250 kms. This trip operates for 10 days in a month. The bus also plies for
another 10 days between New City and Shivapur and returns back to New City the same day,
distance between these two places is 200 kms. The Bus makes a local sightseeing trip for 5 days
in a month, covering a total distance of 60 kms per day. The following data are given:

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Cost of Bus Rs. 350,000
Depreciation 25%
Drivers Salary Rs. 1200 p.m.
Conductors Salary Rs. 1000 p.m.
Clerks Salary Rs. 400 p.m.
Insurance Rs. 1800 p.a.
Diesel Consumption 4 km per litres @ Rs. 8 litre
Token tax Rs. 2400 p.a.
Permit Fee Rs. 1000 p.a.
Lubricant Oil Rs. 100 for every 200 kms
Repairs & Maintenance Rs. 1500 p.m.
Normal Capacity 50 persons

While plying to and from rest village the bus occupies 90% of the capacity and 80% capacity
when it plies between New City to Shivapur (both ways). In the city the bus runs at full capacity.
Passenger Tax is 20% of the net takings of the firm.
Calculate the rate to be charged to Rest Village and Shivapur from New City, per passenger if
the profit required to be earned is 33% of net takings of the firm. (7)

Q.4 (B) Describe the general features of Process Costing? Discuss with figures the treatment of
abnormal loss and abnormal gain in cost accounts? (7)

OR
Q.4 (A) Machine Power Ltd manufactures two products X and Y, using the same equipment and
similar processes. An extract of the production data for these products in one period is given
below: (7)
Particulars Product - X Product - Y
Units produced 10,000 15,000
Direct Labour Hour Per unit 2 4
Machine hour per unit 3 1
Number of set up in the period 20 80
Number of orders handled 30 120

The details of overhead costs are as follow:

Relating to Machine Activity 450,000
Relating to production run setups 40,000
Relating to handling of orders 90,000

You are required to compute production overhead to be absorbed by each unit of product using
the following costing methods:
1. A Traditional costing approach using a direct labour hour rate to absorb overheads.
2. An ABC approach using suitable cost drivers to trace overheads to products.

Q.4 (B) A good system of costing serves as a means of control over expenditure and helps to
secure economy in manufacturing Discuss (7)

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Q.5 The top management of Progressive Ltd made the review of the result of its first quarter,
which makes only one product.
Sales (in units) 10,000
Loss Rs. 10,000
Fixed Cost (120,000 p.a.) Rs.30,000
Variable cost p.u Rs.8

1) The Finance Manager, who feels perturbed, suggests that the company should at least
break-even in the second quarter with a drive for increased sales. Towards this, the
company should introduce a better packing which will increase the cost by Rs. 0.50 per
unit.
2) The Sales Manager has an alternate proposal for the second quarter that an additional
sales promotion expenses can be increased to the extent of Rs.5000and profit of Rs.5000
can be aimed at in the period with increased sales.
3) The Production Manager feels otherwise, to improve the demand the selling price if the
product can be reduced by 3%. As a result, the sales volume can be increased to attain a
profit level of Rs. 4000 for the quarter.

The Managing Director asks you, as a cost accountant to evaluate these three proposals and
calculate the additional sales volume that would be required in each case. Suggest the best
alternative giving your supportive answer. (14)
OR

Q.5 Sunshine Ltd is manufacturing three products A, B & C, and selling them in a competitive
market. The details of current demand, selling price and cost structure are given as below:
Particulars A B C
Expected Demand (units) 10,000 12,000 20,000
Selling Price per unit 20 16 10
Direct Material (Rs. 10/ kg) 6 4 2
Direct Labour (Rs. 15/ hr) 3 3 1.5
Variable Overhead per unit 2 1 1
Fixed Overhead per unit 5 4 2
The company is frequently affected by acute scarcity of raw material and high labour turnover.
Due to this the company is not able to fulfill the expected market demand. During the next period
it is expected that the company have to face one of the following situation:

1) Only 12,100 kgs of raw material will be available in the next period.
2) Only 5000 labour hours will be available during the next period.
3) It may be possible to increase the sales of any one product by25% without any additional
fixed costs but by spending Rs.20, 000 on advertisement. In this situation there will be no
shortage of raw material or labour hours.

Suggest the best production plan in each case and the resultant profit that the company would
earn, according to your suggestions. (14)

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