Astm A 153 PDF
Astm A 153 PDF
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TABLE 1 Weight of Zinc Coating for Various Classes of Material
NOTE 1 Length of the piece, stated in Classes B-1, B-2, and B-3, refers to the overall dimension and not to its developed length.
NOTE 2Based upon mathematical calculations, 1 oz /ft2 of zinc surface corresponds to an average coating thickness of 1.7 mil. (Based upon
mathematical calculations, 1 g/m2 of zinc surface corresponds to an average coating thickness of 0.141 m; seven times the coating thickness in
micrometres is approximately equal to the coating in g/m2.) References to coating thickness or coating thickness grade throughout this standard are
interchangeable with weight in Table 1, in accordance with the above calculation.
Minimum Weight of Zinc Coating, oz/ft2(g/m2) of SurfaceA
Class of Material
Average of Specimens TestedB Any Individual Specimen
Class ACastingsMalleable Iron, Steel 2.00 (610) 1.80 (550)
Class BRolled, pressed, and forged articles (except those which would be included
under Classes C and D):
B-1316 in. (4.76 mm) and over in thickness and over 15 in. (381 mm) in length 2.00 (610) 1.80 (550)
B-2under 316 in. (4.76 mm) in thickness and over 15 in. (381 mm) in length 1.50 (458) 1.25 (381)
B-3any thickness and 15 in. (381 mm) and under in length 1.30 (397) 1.10 (336)
Class CFasteners over 38 in. (9.52 mm) in diameter and similar articles. Washers 316in. 1.25 (381) 1.00 (305)
and 14in. (4.76 and 6.35 mm) in thickness
Class DFasteners 38 in. (9.52 mm) and under in diameter, rivets, nails and similar 1.00 (305) 0.85 (259)
articles. Washers under 316 in. (4.76 mm) in thickness
A
In the case of long pieces, such as anchor rods and similar articles over 5 ft (1.52 m) in length, the weight of coating shall be determined at each end and the middle
of the article. In no case shall individual measurements be below the minimum shown in the Any Individual Specimen column.
B
The number of specimens to be tested per order shall be as specified in Section 7.
directed by the purchaser to deliver items unrepaired for NOTE 3Low service temperatures increase the risk of brittle failure of
subsequent renovation by the purchaser. all plain carbon steels including those which have been galvanized. This
temperature embrittling effect varies with type of steel. The expected
4. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance service temperature should thus be taken into account when selecting
4.1 The zinc-coated articles shall be free from uncoated steels for galvanizing.
areas, blisters, flux deposits, dross inclusions, and other types 4.4 Malleable castings shall be of such composition as will
of projections that would interfere with the intended use of the preclude the possibility that they become embrittled by the
articles, or other defects not consistent with good galvanizing galvanizing process, or they shall be either cooled from the
practice. anneal, or subsequently heat-treated so as to immunize them
4.2 The zinc coating shall be smooth and reasonably uni- against embrittlement.
form in thickness.
4.5 The zinc coating shall adhere tenaciously to the surface
NOTE 1Smoothness of surface is a relative term. Minor roughness of the basis metal (see Section 8).
that does not interfere with the intended use of the part, or roughness that
is related to the as-received (ungalvanized) surface condition of the part, 4.6 If the galvanized material covered by this specification
shall not be grounds for rejection. is bent or otherwise fabricated to the degree that causes the zinc
NOTE 2Since this specification is applicable to items that are centri- coatings to stretch or compress beyond the limit of elasticity,
fuged or otherwise handled to remove excess bath metal (see 1.2), any cracking or flaking of the coating resulting from the
irregular coating distribution is not normally encountered. Drainage bending or fabricating shall not be cause for rejection.
problems, which manifest themselves as local excess coating thickness
that would interfere with function or as edge tears or spikes that present
a safety hazard because of their sharpness, are grounds for rejection under 5. Sampling
the terms of 5.1.
5.1 Test specimens shall be selected at random from each
4.3 Embrittlement is a potential condition of steel that is inspection lot. An inspection lot is defined as a collection of
cold-worked, depending on such factors as the steel type galvanized articles of the same kind that has been galvanized at
(strength level, aging characteristics), thickness, degree of cold approximately the same time, in the same manner, and in the
work, and galvanizing process. The galvanizer, the designer same pot, and that is being submitted for acceptance as a group.
and the fabricator shall take precautions against embrittlement.
5.2 The method of selection and sample size shall be agreed
The precautions to fabricate properly and prepare the material
for galvanizing to prevent embrittlement are described in upon between the galvanizer and the purchaser. Otherwise, the
Practice A 143. sample size selected from each lot shall be as follows:
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Number of Pieces in Lot Sample Size a layer of skin so as to expose the base metal in advance of the
3 or less all knife point. Do not use testing carried out at edges or corners
4 to 500 3
501 to 1200 5
(points of lowest coating adherence) to determine adherence of
1201 to 3200 8 coating. Likewise, do not use removal of small particles of the
3201 to 10 000 13 coating by paring or whittling to determine failure.
10 001 and over 20
7. Inspection
5.3 A specimen that fails to conform to a requirement of this 7.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall have
specification shall not be used to determine the conformance to access at all times while work on the contract of the purchaser
other requirements. is being performed, to those areas of the manufacturers work
6. Test Methods which concern the application of the zinc coating to the
material ordered. The manufacturer shall afford the inspector
6.1 Tests shall be made to ensure that the zinc coating is all reasonable facilities to satisfy him that the zinc coating is
being furnished in accordance with this specification and as being furnished in accordance with this specification. All
specified for the following: inspection and tests shall be made at the place of manufacture
6.1.1 Thickness of coating in 3.3. prior to shipments, unless otherwise specified, and shall be so
6.1.2 Finish and appearance in 4.1 and 4.2. conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation
6.1.3 Embrittlement in 4.3 and 4.4. of the works.
6.1.4 Adherence in 4.5.
6.2 Thickness of Coating: 8. Rejection and Retest
6.2.1 The average weight of the zinc coating shall be 8.1 When partial inspection of materials to determine con-
determined by weighing specimens after pickling and drying formity with visual requirements of Section 4 warrants rejec-
and again after galvanizing unless the method described in tion of a lot, the galvanizer is not prohibited from sorting the
6.2.2 or 6.2.3 is used. lot and submitting it once again for inspection.
NOTE 4This method does not take into account the weight of iron 8.2 The number of specimens in a sample of a lot permitted
reacted from the article that is incorporated into the coating. It will thus to fail to conformance tests shall be agreed upon between the
underestimate coating weight by up to approximately 10 %. Base metal galvanizer and the purchaser.
reactivity will affect the extent of underestimation. 8.3 If a set of test specimens fails to conform to the
6.2.2 In the case of materials inspected after galvanizing, requirements of this specification, two additional sets shall be
the weight of coating shall be determined by stripping one or tested, both of which shall conform to the requirements in
more specimens in accordance with Test Method A 90/A 90M, every respect, or the lot of material represented by the
or the average thickness of coating shall be determined with the specimens shall be rejected.
use of a magnetic thickness gage in conformity with Practice 8.4 Materials that have been rejected for reasons other than
E 376, unless the method described in 6.2.1 or 6.2.3 is used. embrittlement are not prohibited from being stripped, regalva-
6.2.2.1 In the case of fasteners such as bolts, nuts, and nized, and resubmitted for test and inspection. They shall then
screws, the determination of the thickness of coating shall be conform to the requirements of this specification.
made on a portion of the article that does not include any
threads. 9. Packaging
6.2.3 The thickness of coating shall be determined by cross 9.1 The supplier shall employ such methods of packaging
section and optical measurement, unless the method described zinc-coated articles as shall be required to ensure their receipt
in 6.2.1 or 6.2.2 is used. The thickness thus determined is a by the purchaser in satisfactory condition, with the use to be
point value. No less than five such measurements shall be made made of the article being taken into consideration.
at locations on the test article, which are as widely dispersed as
practical, so as to be representative of the whole surface of the 10. Certification
test article. The average of no less than five such measurements 10.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, the
is the specimen coating thickness. purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples repre-
6.3 EmbrittlementHardware that is susceptible to em- senting each lot have been either tested or inspected as directed
brittlement shall be tested in accordance with Practice A 143. by this specification and the requirements have been met.
The tests shall be performed through agreement between the When specified in the purchase order or contract, a report of
galvanizer and the purchaser. the test results shall be furnished.
6.4 AdherenceDetermine adherence of the zinc coating to
the surface of the base metal by cutting or prying with the point 11. Keywords
of a stout knife, applied with considerable pressure in a manner 11.1 coatings, zinc; galvanized coatings; steel hardware,
tending to remove a portion of the coating. The adherence shall zinc coated; steel products, metallic coated; zinc coatings, steel
be considered inadequate if the coating flakes off in the form of products
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A 153/A 153M
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