Strategies To Write Effective Validation Protocol
Strategies To Write Effective Validation Protocol
Strategies To Write Effective Validation Protocol
OUTLINE
Protocols General
PV Guidance requirements
Process Validation Protocols
Equipment Qualification Protocols
Protocol Templates Key sections
and
d content
Protocol Problems
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Manufacturing Process Validation
Participation needed!
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Qualification Qualification
E i
Equipment t #1 HVAC
Utilities
Equipment #2 Facilities
Computers
Equipment #3
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Testing / Sampling -- Drug Product
Manufacturing Process Validation
Manufacturers should:
Understand the sources of variation
Detect the presence and degree of variation
Understand the impact of variation on the process and
product attributes
p
Control the variation in a manner commensurate with
risk to process and product
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Testing / Sampling -- Drug Product
Manufacturing Process Validation
PROCESS DESIGN
(PROCESS UNDERSTANDING)
Define commercial-scale process
Define unit operations and process parameters
Identify and understand sources of variability
Identify critical process parameters
Studies to understand effects of scale
Establish mechanisms to control variability
Process Analytical Technology
Designed experiments
Lab scale and pilot scale experiments
Reference: McNally, Grace. GMP by the Sea, 8-07, 8-08
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Manufacturing Process Validation
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PROCESS QUALIFICATION
(VALIDATION PERFORMANCE)
Confirmation at commercial scale of process design information
Qualification of equipment, utilities, facilities
Performance qualification
Conclusion that process consistently produces quality product.
Conformance batches
All support systems, documents, training, personnel, etc. in
place
Target / nominal operating parameters within design space
Additional testing
Decision to release
release process
process for routine commercial manufacturing
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PROCESS QUALIFICATION
Conformance Lots
Procedures
Validation plans
Protocols
Sampling
Testing
Results
Plan to maintain validation
alidation
ALL EQUIPMENT AND SUPPORTING SYSTEMS MUST
BE QUALIFIED.
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EFFECTIVE PROTOCOLS
PROCESS VALIDATION
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Manufacturing Process Validation
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VALIDATION PHILOSOPHY
Validation is confirmation.
Acceptable results are expected.
Validation is not
Research
Final stage of development
Optimization
O ti i ti
Fine-tuning
Debugging
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Validation Request
Validation Plan
Validation Protocol(s)
Engineering Study
Other requirements
Validation Results
Validation Report
--------------------------------------------------
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Manufacturing Process Validation
VALIDATION REQUEST
Objective of validation
Why needed?
Why acceptable? See Validation Plan
Impact of validation
Risk analysis
Approach to accomplish
Compliance to internal requirements and policies
Regulatory impact
Other systems or product impacted
Procedure changes or other document changes
Notifications to affected groups (internal, external, labs)
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Testing / Sampling -- Drug Product
Manufacturing Process Validation
TERMINOLOGY EXAMPLES
Validation request:
Process validation of Product A
S t
System: New
N product
d t validation
lid ti
Change impact: High impact. New product validation
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TERMINOLOGY EXAMPLES
Validation request:
Qualification of 150 cu. ft. blender
System: New equipment qualification
Change impact: High impact. New equipment and new
size at site
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Testing / Sampling -- Drug Product
Manufacturing Process Validation
TERMINOLOGY EXAMPLES
Validation request:
Change air supply and return ductwork to coincide with Line 1 floor
space changes
System: HVAC system #3
Change impact: Medium impact. Change to direct product contact
support utility
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VALIDATION PLAN
Introduction
Technical information
Validation strategy and testing
Validation documentation
List of required protocols, reports, procedures, etc.
References
Li t off reports
List t and
d scientific
i tifi references
f
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Manufacturing Process Validation
INTRODUCTION
Overview describing validation / product / process /
equipment / etc.
Requirements to complete validation
Conformance to regulations and internal policy validation will
be completed
Impact of change to maintain the validated state
Impact on regulatory submission
Impact of change on procedures, drawings, other documents
Notifications to other areas internal and external
Notification to test labs and other areas impacted by validation
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VALIDATION PLAN
VALIDATION STRATEGY AND TESTING
Prospective validation only
IQ / OQ / PQ -- general
Types of testing -- general
Regulatory specifications
Internal controls
Process tests
Tests and rationale general
Address changes based on risk analysis
Sampling and rationale general
Exceed routine QA testing based on impact and risk analysis
Data treatment general
Statistical data treatment
Acceptance criteria general
VALIDATION PLAN
VALDIATION DOCUMENTATION
Doc # Title Date closed
01 Validation request
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Manufacturing Process Validation
R&D Reports
Published literature
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VALIDATION PROTOCOL
Objective of validation specific protocol
Validation description -- specific
System description (for equipment)
Validation approach
Testing and rationale -- specific
Sampling and rationale -- specific
Data treatment -- specific
Acceptance criteria specific
All testing must have acceptance criteria
Data sheets specific
Validation is confirmation
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Manufacturing Process Validation
VALIDATION PROTOCOL
TESTING AND SAMPLING
Based on product specifications and testing
Exceed routine Q
QA testing
g based on impact
p and risk
VALIDATION PROTOCOL
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Manufacturing Process Validation
VALIDATION SAMPLING
What is routine QA sampling?
Impact of change
No impact
Low impact
Medium impact
High impact
Risk analysis
y
High risk
Regular risk
Low risk
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ENGINEERING STUDY
Conducted in advance of validation
No acceptance criteria
Trial
T i l run
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Manufacturing Process Validation
DATA SHEETS
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VALIDATION RESULTS
Data sheets
Data treatment
Results
Discussion
Results pass is not sufficient.
Validation statement:
Results indicate that ___ is validated.
Post-validation monitoring plan
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VALIDATION REPORT
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EQUIPMENT QUALIFICATION
IQ, OQ, PQ
Same approach as with processes
Same philosophy
Same requirements
Same approval
Critical tests only
Non critical tests in FAC
Non-critical FAC, SAC
SAC, etc
etc.
Do as much as possible in commissioning
Difference from PV: Do tests only once
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EQUIPMENT QUALIFICATION
IQ Installation Qualification
Function: Materials,, structure,, and maintenance
OQ Operational Qualification
Function: Operation
PQ Performance Qualification
Function: Operation with materials and / or
within other system components
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PROTOCOL PROBLEMS
No plan
No basic explanation of validation
No statement of strategy and approach
No test rationale
No sampling rationale
How to treat data
No discussion of results
No acceptance criteria rationale
N validation
No lid ti statement
t t t
Poorly written
PROTOCOL PROBLEMS
Protocol requires BME samples for potency.
Acceptance criteria: 95-105%
B = 95%
M = 100%
E = 105%
All results pass
p
Conclusion?
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Manufacturing Process Validation
PROTOCOL PROBLEMS
There is no requirement for 3 lots.
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SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS
PROCESS ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGY (PAT)
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SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS
PROCESS ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGY (PAT)
Process Understanding
All critical sources of variability are identified and explained.
Variabilityy is managed
g by y the pprocess
Product quality attributes can be accurately and reliably
predicted over the design space
Materials used
Process parameters
Manufacturing
Environmental
Other conditions
SUMMARY
WHERE WE ARE -- CURRENT PRACTICE
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Lifecycle approach:
Validation is never completed
Validation is always ongoing
Objectives:
Scientific and technical process
Demonstrate process works as intended
Process must remain in control
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SUMMARY
PROCESS VALIDATION HISTORY
1978
CGMP iincludes
l d V Validation
lid ti
1987
Development -- VALIDATION -- Control
2008
Lifecycle approach
Continuum of understanding validation maintenance
UNDERSTANDING -- VALIDATION -- MAINTENANCE
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SUMMARY
VALIDATION -- FUTURE
Understanding Performance Maintenance
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SUMMARY
Protocol requirements
Specific guidance requirements
Strategy and approach
Impact of change
Risk analysis
Testing and sampling rationale
Acceptance criteria
Statistical data treatment
Data sheets
Post-validation monitoring plan
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SUMMARY
Validation Results
Discussion of results
Validation statement
Summary report for multiple protocol
validation or complex products
Most important validation document
Simple sentences, simple words
Written for the reader
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REFERENCES -- GENERAL
FDA. Guidance for industry. Process Validation: General Principles
and Practices. Draft Guidance, November 2008.
FDA. Guideline of General Principles of Process Validation. May,
1987.
FDA. Compliance Policy Guide 7132c.08. Section 490.100. Process
Validation Requirements for Drug Products and Active
Ph
Pharmaceutical
ti l Ingredients
I di t Subject
S bj t tto P
Pre-Market
M k t Approval.
A l
GHTF Study Group 3. Quality Management Systems -- Process
Validation Guidance. Edition 2, January 2004.
PQRI. Process Robustness. Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nov-Dec,
2006.
McNally, Grace E. Lifecycle Approach to Process Validation. DIA
Annual Meeting, 6-29-2005.
McNally, Grace E. Insights on Validation. GMP by the Sea,
Cambridge MD
Cambridge, MD. 8-29-2007
8 29 2007.
McNally, Grace E. Lifecycle Approach Process Validation. GMP by
the Sea, Cambridge, MD 8-26-08.
Famulare, Joseph. Benefits of a Pharmaceutical Quality System. PDA
/ FDA Joint Conference, Bethesda MD, 11-2-2007.
Health Canada. Validation Guidelines for Pharmaceutical Dosage
Forms (GUIDE-0029). 10-1-2004
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