The Ministry of Health and

Social Development Minister

SEI HPE

first Moscow

State Medical

University . IMSechenova

compilation

Test questions in pediatrics for students

Faculty of Medicine

" Propedeutics "

" The pathology of early age"

Part 1

Moscow 2012

Head. Chair - Professor N.A.Geppe

Authors: prof. IK Volkov, N.Yu.Golovanova ,

A.A.Gorelov , E.S.Zholobova , G.A.Lyskina , A.B.Malahov , N.S.Podchernyaeva ,

S.I.Erdes ; Assoc. G.N.Bayandina , N.A.Belousova , M.D.Velikoretskaya , GA

Zinoviev E.I.Kapranova , F.I.Kirdakov , N.G.Kolosova , M.K.Osminina ,

I.V.Sichinava , M.N.Snegotskaya , E.V.Frolkova , S.N.Chebysheva , A.Ya.Shishov ,

O.V.Shpitonkova ; ass. E.Yu.Afonina , O.I.Vinogradova , DV Dagbaeva

I.A.Dronov , A.V.Meleshkina , L.S.Starostina , E.N.Tyurina ,

M.D.Shahnazarova , G.V.Shevtsova .

Edited by prof . N.A.Geppe , Assoc . E.I.Kapranovoy

propaedeutics

physical development

1. Normal levels of physical development lie in the following range centiles :

A. 3-97

V. 10-80

S. 15-75

D. 25-75

2.U children is more common :

A. Decompensated hydrocephalus

V. The compensated hydrocephalus

C. Microcephaly

3 . At birth, the baby's body length was 52 cm . In 12 years, the growth of the child will be

likely to :

A. 140-144 cm

V. 145-149 cm

S. 150-154 cm

AD 155-159 cm

4 . When measuring head circumference healthy 3- month-old baby she was 40

see

Bosom it should be:

A 40cm

B. 44 cm

C. 46 cm

5 . Body length at birth was 53 cm

In one year, it will be:

A 75-76 cm

V. 77-78 cm

S. 80-81 cm

6. Head circumference at birth was 35 cm

Most likely this figure in one year will be :

A 40 cm

B. 42 cm

C. 44 cm

D. 46 cm

7. For the 1st year of life, the body length of a healthy child is increased by an average of :

A 15 cm

B. 20 cm

C. 25 cm

D. 30 cm

8. Weight healthy 7 -year-old child in the average:

A 15 kg

B. 20 kg

C. 25 kg

9. Calculate what is likely to be the child's body weight at 4 months , if the

birth was 3200 g

A. 5000 g

B. 5600 g

C. 6400 g

10 . Parents of 6 -month-old child are concerned about the proliferation of his head , as

hats , purchased in advance, turned him small. Measurements taken patronage

sister, showed that the baby's head circumference is 43 cm , chest tion cells - 44 cm

Rate parameters .

A proportional and age-appropriate child

B. Increased both parameters

C. An overly large head sizes

D. Overly large chest circumference

E. Both are below the age norms

11. The health visitor visited the full-term baby 8 days on the second day after

discharge from the maternity ward . Its weight is estimated as appropriate

age.

aniem for a specific conclusion was the following weight :

A. Equal weight at birth

Loss of 200,0 g

C. Increase to 200.0 g

12. The child is healthy , keeps his head , captures the eye. Body weight 5100 g , length 58 cm (at

Birth 3500 g , respectively , and 52 cm).

The development of the child's age corresponds to the following :

A. 1 month

B. 2 months

C. 3 months

13.U children with acceleration to identify imbalances of individual systems

organism , mainly :

A. Respiratory

B. Urinary system

C. The gastrointestinal tract

D. Cardiovascular

14. Body mass index ( BMI) is defined as:

A. Body mass index = weight ( kg) / rost2 (m )

B. Body mass index = weight ( kg ) / height (m )

15. 10 years old boy goes to the sports section . Parameters of his body

proportional and correspond to an average age norms based acceleration .

Specify the optimal combination for the assessment of body weight and length .

A 40 kg and 145 cm

B. 38 kg and 140 cm

C. 31 kg and 140 cm

16. When measuring the circumference of the head of an infant soft measuring tape

back to pass :

A. After the most prominent part of the occiput

Q. Just above the nape of the neck

C. Immediately below the neck

17. Choose from these responses body weight, corresponding to full-term

child 11 months old, who was born with a mass of 3000

A 9400 g

V.10000 g

S.10500 g

18. Age of child 4 months. Body weight of 7000 g length - 65 cm was born with a mass of 3500 g,

length 53 cm

Select the correct assessment of his physical development.

A. The mass and body length are correct

B. Weight and length of the body more than the norm

C. Weight and body length below normal

D. Weight is correct , the length below normal

E. weight exceeds the norm , the length is correct

19. Parents of 6 - month-old baby believe it healthy. Body weight of the child in the present

while 9100 g ( 3200 g at birth ) , length 72 cm ( birth - 52 cm). independently

sits .

Rate the physical development of the child.

A. Meets the optimal age norms

B. Significantly exceeds the age limit

S. significantly below age norms

20. Child is 6 months. When medical examinations , the following indicators

physical development : body weight 6800 g , length 67 cm , head circumference - 43 m,

chest circumference - 44 cm Birth weight 3400 g, length - 51 cm

Deviation from the norm are the following:

A. Head circumference

B. Bosom

C. The length of the body

D. Body Weight

21. Body weight of 9200 g full-term baby , length - 72 cm , head circumference - 44.5 cm

chest circumference - 46. 5 cm

The approximate age of the child :

A. 6 months

B. 9 months

C. 12 months
22. Children 5 years of age.

Deviation from the norm are the parameters :

A. Body weight 21 kg

C. Chest circumference 56 cm

C. The head circumference of 50 cm

D. The body length of 98 cm

23. The child's body mass of 30 kg , length - 140 cm

What are the approximate age of the child.

A. 6 years

B. 8 years

C. 10 years

24. A child and a half years .

What are the appropriate size of the normal head circumference ( birth - 35 cm).

A 44.5 cm

V. 46, 5 cm

S. 48.5 cm

25. All of the following causes transient loss of mass in

newborn , other than:

A. Drying umbilical residue

B. Insufficient intake of fluids in the body

C. The fluid loss due to heavy urination

D. fluid loss through the skin and lungs

E. Late first of breastfeeding

26. On a more serious lesion indicates intrauterine fetal

development :
A. Symmetric

B. Asymmetric

27. A young mother with a history of four abortion , the child was born at 39 weeks

pregnancy.

Physician as a pathology were assessed following anthropometric data:

A. Body weight 2500 g

B. Length 51 cm

C. Chest circumference 33 cm

D. The head circumference 35 cm

28. When viewed from a full-term baby on the 10th day of life revealed a pediatrician : body weight

3300 g height - 55 cm ( at birth, respectively 3500 g and 54 cm).

Rate the physical development of the child.

A. Meets the physiological weight loss after birth

B. Behind the mass

S. stunted

D. Behind the mass and growth

E. outgrow

29. The mother was concerned that her child is 4 years behind their peers in the physical

development. On examination : body weight 16 kg, height 100 cm

Select the correct assessment of his physical development.

A. Conforms

B. stunted

SA lags behind in growth and weight

D. Behind the mass

Exceeds the growth of E.

30 . Children 5 years pass medical examinations before entering kindergarten. its

development rated as the lower limit of normal.

The basis for this evaluation was the weight of the body :

A 30 kg

B. 28 kg

C. 25 kg

D. 20 kg

31. The basis for this evaluation was the length of the body :

A 90 cm

B. 95 cm

S. 105 cm

D. 115 cm

32. The head circumference of the newborn full-term baby at less than normal

1cm . It is most often associated with :

A. microcephaly

B. Changing the configuration of the head during passage through the birth canal

C. By reducing the thickness of subcutaneous fat in intrauterine hypo

trophic

33. What is the length of the body most likely to have a child one month , if the birth is

is 50 cm ?

A 58 cm

B. 56 cm

C. 53 cm

34. Caseworker assesses the physical development of a 17-day full-term

the child. At birth weight 3200 g, length - 51 cm Sister believes that a child
developed according to age .

Most likely reason for this conclusion was the following increase of

birth weight :

A 100 g

B. 150 g

C. 350 g of

35. What is the length of the body most likely to have the child ?

A 51 cm

B. 53 cm

C. 55 cm

36. Full-term baby . Has signs of intrauterine growth retardation .

Forecast for it is most favorable for the following parameters of the physical

development :

A. Birth weight 2500 g , length 41 cm

B. Body weight 2500 g , length 45 cm

C. Body weight 2500 g , length 51 cm

37. The causes acceleration in modern children :

A. Changing climatic conditions

B. The nutrition

C. Scientific and technological progress and its impact on the environment

D. Change in genotype due to the large population migration

E. All of the above

38. Throughout the life of a person 's head circumference increased by an average of :

A 17 cm

B. 19 cm
C. 22 cm

D. 25 cm

39. The most common cause of excess weight newborns:

A. Endocrine disease

B. Limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis

C. Swelling

40 . The physical development of children affected by genetic and exogenous factors .

The genetic influence comes into play :

A. In utero

B. In the 1st year of life

C. The 2 -year life

D. After 2 years

E. After 12 years

Psychological development

41. A child under the age of 4 months shall:

A roll from stomach to back

B. To laugh , to learn the mother

C. Sit , if they put him

D. Speak separate syllables

42. On examination, the newborn child all of the above rule , other than:

A grasp reflex

B. Reflex crawl

S. Palmar- mouth reflex

D. opercular paroxysms ( sucking movements language )

43. A full-term newborn to 10 days of age should normally have:

A. The muscular hypertonicity in the flexor

B. Muscle dystonia

C. The muscle group extensor hypertonicity

D. None of the above

44.Donoshenny child was discharged from hospital at the age of 7 days. Examined by a pediatrician.

One of the following symptoms of a pathological :

A Closed Eye

B. Do not hold your head

S. Hypertonus extensor muscles

45 . On examination, the doctor said the child the following skills : accurately captures the look on

one subject , a few seconds of watching a moving object , holds his head in

the prone position . In the upright position, his head almost holds .

This development corresponds to the age :

A. 2 weeks

V. 1.5 months

C. 3 months

46. Child 7 days admitted to the hospital from the hospital with the following symptoms :

hypertonicity of the extensor muscles of the arms and back, vertical nystagmus , periodic

symptom of " setting sun " , the presence of reflexes Galant , Perez .

Saline for this child is :

A. Symptom " setting sun "

B. Hypertonus in your arms and back extensor

C. Vertical nystagmus

D. The presence of reflexes Galant , Perez

47. When viewed in the clinic dispensary doctor recorded on the card that the child der INH
head , lying on her stomach, lifts the shoulder girdle ; smiles abruptly coo ,

reduced unconditioned reflexes - grasping , hand - mouth , crawling , Galant ,

Peres.

The development of the child corresponds to about age:

A. 1 month

B. 3 months

S. 5 months

48. In a study of newborn doctor is going to check the presence of reflexes

oral automatism .

For this purpose you should use one of the following methods :

A. Stroking the skin near the corner of the mouth

B. Pressing on the palm

C. The insertion into the mouth nipples

D. All of the above

49. To consult a neurologist sent a child of 4 months .

For this was the following:

A. Hypertension in the flexor muscles of hands and feet

Q. Is pronounces the syllables

C. Do not sit

50 . Child 1 year 3 months. Suffered hemolytic disease of the newborn .

Found during the inspection of the symptoms should be seen as the norm :

A tremor of hands

B. flexor hypertonic limbs

C. It is worth supporting

D. Lack of innate unconditioned reflexes

51. In a study of a young child noted that he utters some

syllables , trying to sit independently , crawl .

Psychomotor development of the child corresponds to about age:

A. 5 months

B. 6 months

C. 7 months

52. Examining the newborn , the doctor suggests to check the availability of protective re

flex .

From the following techniques to be used for this purpose :

A. To direct the light in your eyes

B. Push the palm

C. Apply sound stimulus ( rattle )

D. Put on your stomach

53. If a newborn baby has a protective reflex , will be revealed the following

yuschaya response :

A. Zazhmurivanie

B. Anxiety, crying

C. Opening the mouth

D. Turning your head to the side

54. A newborn baby at the age of 15 days is the pathology :

A weak expression of reflexes oral automatism

V. Long sleep

C. The muscular hypertonicity flexor

D. None of the above

55. Child of 5 months. Born on 1 's belated , prolonged labor . Rating Scale
Apgar 5/6 points. During the first days the condition was severe . The patient was discharged home on a
19 -

day life. In the subsequent regular medical monitoring was not.

Of the following is detected during the inspection , the relevant age

OK:

A. Self does not set

B. Hypertension muscles in the arms and legs

C. The trend towards cross-hairs legs

D. The presence of hand- mouth reflex

E. The presence of grasping reflex

56. A child at the age of 8 months examined in connection with perinatal CNS .

Identified during the inspection of the corresponding age norm :

A. Lack of innate unconditioned reflexes

V. The muscular hypotonia in the legs

C. Self does not set

57. Child of 5 months.

Of the following should be considered in this age as pathology :

A. Lack of protective reflex

B. Hypertonus flexor

C. Lack of rotation from stomach to back

D. Lack of crawling

58. Child 28 days admitted to the hospital by doctor's emergency room.

Of the observed data in the accompanying document should be considered as

age limit :

A. Symptom " setting sun "

B. Hand Tremor
S. bulging fontanelle , and a large voltage

D. Hypertension in the extensors of hands and feet

E. None of the above

59. A child aged 1 month 5 days admitted to the hospital by doctor's

emergency room.

Of the following data mentioned in the accompanying document should be

considered as the age limit :

A bulging fontanelle , and a large voltage

V.Tremor chin

C. Symptom Graefe

D. Hypertension in the flexors of the hand and foot

60 . A child at the age of 27 days, examined by a doctor at home.

Of the following data recorded in the medical card , you should consider

regarded as pathological :

A loud cry

B. Atetozopodobnye movement

C. Positive reflex Galant

D. Hypertonus extensor muscles

61. Children 10 days. Examined at home after discharge from the hospital .

From recorded in the medical card should be seen as an age

noremu :

A Long Dream

V. Galant Reflex

C. Symptom Kerniga

D. Reflex oral automatism

E. All of the above

62. Child 7 days. He was born at term , healthy parents , young . The mother is concerned

that the child most of the time sleeping.

Of the following age norm for this child is :

A Long Dream

B. Shouting

C. Availability atetozopodobnyh movements

D. Hypertension in the group flexor

E. All of the above

63. For a healthy newborn baby is characterized by the following state of muscle

tone :

A. Hypertonus extensor

B. Hypotension extensor

S. Hypertonus flexor

D. Hypotension flexor

64. A child at the age of 25 days examined in the home.

Of the following should be considered as a pathology :

A grasp reflex

V. Galant Reflex

Reflex S. Perez

D. hypotonia

65 . In assessing the psychomotor development of the child said to the doctor -patient card that

baby coo abruptly , following the subject , keeps well head.

The development of the child corresponds to about age:

A. 5 months
B. 3 months

C. 1 month

66. The child is developing properly , is able to walk, says a few words (more than 20

words) , understands the speech addressed to him - performs simple tasks , knows of his

body.

The development of the child corresponds to about age:

A. 1 year

B. 1 year 6 months

C. 2 years 6 months

67. The baby takes its first steps , says a few words (about 10 words ) , begins

understand the ban , accustomed to neatness .

The development of the child corresponds to about age:

A. 9 months

B. 12 months

C. 1 year 6 months

68. Of the following should be considered as the age limit for

newborn baby:

A. Perekrest feet while stepping reflex

B. Hypertonus extensor muscles

C. Reliance on the fingers of the feet

D. The legs are bent and brought to the stomach

69. Irritating the skin of the back near and parallel to the spine of the newborn , the doctor

checks the next reflex :

A. Moreau

V. Galant
S. Perez

D. Security

70 . When checking the reflex Galant will take place:

A. Lead -hand side in

B. Bending the torso arc open toward the stimulus

C. Turning your head to the side

71. Can krupnorazmashisty hand tremor and tremor of the lower jaw , arising

when disturbed children , seen as a variant of normal in a full-term baby?

A. Maybe in the first 3 days of life

Q. May , during the first 2 weeks of life

C. Maybe during the neonatal period

D. Maybe for the first 3 months of life

E. Can not

72. The child begins to fix eyes on a bright object :

A. From the first days of life

B. In 2-3 weeks

SS 2 months

73. The child appears related speech by individual short sentences between:

A. 1.5-2 years

B. 2.5-3 years

C. After 3 years

74. Child well- watching a moving object with :

A. 2-4 weeks

B. 4-6 weeks

C. 6-8 weeks
75 . Newborn baby taken from the back armpit , supporting

forefingers head.

The doctor checks so the next unconditioned reflex of a newborn :

A. Moreau

B. Stepper

C. Security

D. Galant

76. For the healthy full-term newborn infant is typical of these

below the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the following:

A. The lack of complete myelination of nerve fibers

B. Insufficient development of the cerebellum and striatum

C. Short, little branched dendrites

J. Functional dominance of talamopallidarnoy

E. All of the above

77. Atetozopodobnye movements take place only :

A very preterm infants

B. All infants as a variant of the norm

78. The child begins to sit alone at the age of :

A. 6 months

B. 8 months

C. 10 months

79. Phrase it appears the child aged:

A 1-2 years

B. 2-3 years

C. 3-4 years
80 . Movement in newborns redundant , uncoordinated , atetozopodobnye .

This is due to :

A. A mature development of the spinal cord

B. Insufficient myelination of nerve fibers

C. The weak differentiation of matter of the cerebral hemispheres in the white and

Grey

81. Child well- runs, jumps , climbs and descends independently by

stairs , riding a tricycle , begins to paint , build sentences from

2-3 and more words.

Age of child:

A 1-2 years

B. 2-3 years

C. 3-4 years

82. For the newborn is characterized by all of the following anatomical and physiological

especially the nervous system , except for:

A. Major gyrus and sulcus well defined

B. After the birth increases the number of nerve cells large floor

Shary

C. The dendrites are short, little branched

D. There is no complete myelination of the pyramidal tract

83. Brain structures anatomically fully mature by age :

A. 5 years

B. 10 years

C. 15 years

D. 20 years
84. Child examined at the age of 5 days.

Of the following can be attributed to the stigma dizembriogeneza following:

A. hypertelorism eye

B. Overhung occipital bone.

S. Pleated language

D. Small deformed ears

E. All of the above

85 . Child examined at the age of 10 days.

By the stigma dizembriogeneza of the following are:

A. The short neck

B. The splitting of the hard palate

C. One transverse crease on the palm

D. All of the above

86. Of the following anatomical and physiological characteristics of the brain

characteristic of healthy term newborn child as follows:

A. The cells of gray matter is not fully formed

B. The blood supply of the brain in them is worse than that of adults

C. The relatively high rate of conduction along nerve fibers

D. Major sulci and gyri are expressed not

Skin, subcutaneous fat , lymph nodes,

musculo -skeletal and muscular systems

87. A child of 7 years. Complaints of low-grade fever and fatigue . Cutaneous

covers with a grayish tint , shadows under the eyes. The doctor found a small child ,

dense multiple lymph nodes in all groups .

Such a reaction is most common in the lymph nodes :

A. Hodgkin's disease

In Rubella

S. tuberculous intoxication

D. Infectious mononucleosis

88. In a healthy child of 7 years can be palpated following lymph nodes :

A tonsillar

B. supraclavicular

S. subclavian

D. cubital

E. Thoracic

89.Dlya diagnosis of cystic fibrosis is necessary to determine the concentration of chloride in the

sweat are .

You need to know the age of the child when the sweat glands start

enough to function :

A. 3-4 weeks

B. 3-4 months

C. 7-8 years

90 . A doctor examining a child 5 months of age , found it slow

smoothing of the skin fold .

Loss of skin elasticity , in this case indicates :

A. rickets in the phase of the high

B. Dystrophy 1 degree

C. Quickly become dehydrated

91. Radiologist X-ray diffraction studies of forearm child 6 months .

Of the following should be considered as an age feature:

A. Osteoporosis

B. Smooth growth areas

C. Thick nadkostnitsya

D. goblet shape of the epiphyses of long bones

E. None of the above

92. A doctor examines a child at the age of 1.5 years due to the rough O-

curvature of the legs. Stating the pathological changes of the skeletal system ,

suggests the diagnosis of rickets or congenital tubulopathy .

Of the following is the age norm :

A. Excessive development of the frontal and parietal humps

B. beveled neck

C. Closure of the large fontanelle

D. turn around the edges of the chest

E. " Rosary" on the edges

93. Will assess the state of the lymph nodes in a child of three years.

Of the following lymph nodes have a healthy child of this age is unlikely

palpation :

A. zadnesheynyh

B. tonsillar

S. subclavian

D. The axillary

94. A doctor examines a child of six months.

Age norm is equal to:

A. Uneven pigmentation of the skin

B. palpation of lymph nodes subclavian

C. The size of the large fontanelle 3,0 x3 , 0 cm

D. retraction of the large fontanelle

E. None of the above

95 . The pediatrician - neonatologist examines a full-term baby at the age of 1 month.

On the evidence of pathology :

A. Open prefontanel

B. Flat Feet

C. The absence of physiological curves of the spine

D. None of the above

96. For children 2.5 months of life is the norm all, except:

A lack of physiological curves of the spine

B. Open the large fontanelle

C. The compactness of the sutures ( sagittal , coronal , occipital ) of the skull bones

D. malleable edges of the large fontanelle

97. During the examination, the doctor squeezes his fingers soft cloth baby 5 months

inner thigh .

In this way, the doctor will determine :

A. The elasticity of the skin

B. Soft tissue turgor

C. The development of subcutaneous fat layer

D. The presence of edema

98. In a full-term baby who takes a good chest, a slight loss

body weight , pink skin , on the third day there was ikterichnost skin.

Specify the most likely cause of jaundice.

A. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

B. Transient (physiological ) jaundice

Congenital hepatitis C.

D. Carotenoid pigmentation due to the use of the mother of carrots

E. biliary atresia

99. For a newborn pathology :

A mass of muscle is poorly developed

B. Muscle relief is not defined

S. Hypertonus hand flexor

D. A limited breeding hips

E. Flatfoot

100 . The child 6 years old at the time of acute respiratory mother noticed icteric coloration of the skin.
on the eve

gave the grated carrots. A doctor in the study of the child, in addition, set

pallor, enlargement of the spleen .

In this situation, most likely we can talk about jaundice caused by :

Viral hepatitis A.

B. Dysfunction biliary

C. Hemolytic anemia

D. Carotenoid pigmentation of the skin

101. My child is 3 days . Healthy birth weight 3400

Of the following are identified during the inspection of the child can be all, except:

A scaling of the skin

B. Erythema

S. yellowness of skin color

D. excessive sweating

102. The students of the 5th year medical school , looking healthy child
2 months , could not be palpated in his peripheral lymph nodes .

This is most likely related to :

A weak expression of lymph node capsule

B. The effect of physiological muscle hypertension

C. The absence of lymph nodes in this age

D. None of the above

103. A child 10 months pediatrician regarded as a manifestation of pathology :

A supraclavicular lymph nodes were not palpable

B. zadnesheynyh lymph elastic , 3-4 per side

C. The milk teeth 6

D. flattened occiput

104. The child has 14 days to the skin of the trunk formed large, sluggish , quickly

bursting bubbles with muddy contents . diagnosed with pemphigus

newborn.

To this disease predisposes the following histologic feature

the skin of the child's age :

A thin stratum corneum

V. Underdevelopment of the basement membrane

C. Development of the base layer

D. Functioning sebaceous glands

105. The baby on the breast skin formed large, sluggish , quickly bursting bubbles with

muddy contents . Their occurrence is aided by the absence of a strong bond

epidermis dermis.

Specify the most probable age of the patient.

A. 1 month
B. 3 months

C. 6 months

D. 1 year

106. On the preventive examination by a doctor baby 6 months .

Of the following corresponds to the age norm :

A. Small fontanelle 0,5 x0 , 5 cm

B. Large fontanelle 3x3

C. The head circumference of 46 cm

D. The sagittal suture 0.5 cm

E. 2 milk tooth

107. A doctor examines a 6- month-old baby .

On the evidence of pathology :

A. Lack of lumbar lordosis

B. barrel-shaped chest

C. The appearance of the inspiratory Harrison's groove

D. Flatfoot

108. Children 5 years of age admitted to hospital with acute abdominal pain . The doctor receiving

peace, examined the child , suspected appendicitis and sent it to the surgical

department. The surgeon said small - papular hemorrhagic rash of ankle

and the front surface of legs .

The cause of the rash could serve as :

A. Allergies

B. meningococcemia

S. Scarlet Fever

D. Hemorrhagic vasculitis
E. Chickenpox

109. A doctor examines a student's grade 7 on the increase in body temperature to

37.50 C, melkopapulleznoy rash on the face, extensor surfaces of the hands, buttocks. mouth

slightly bloodshot . In the class of cases of scarlet fever . The doctor reveals

somewhat painful , juicy, a 1x1 cm occipital lymph nodes.

Preferential reaction of the lymph nodes accompanied by :

A. Scarlet fever

B. Rubella

C. Infectious mononucleosis

D. Adenovirus infection

110. Will assess the condition of the child nodes of 4 years.I healthy child

this age is unlikely palpation of lymph nodes following :

A tonsillar

B. Zadneysheynyh

C. The axillary

D. Inguinal

E. cubital

111. Lymph nodes have a complete structure ( well-developed connector

telnotkannaya capsule , trabeculae , the follicles are less abundant reticulum ,

mature valve device ) to:

A. 1 year

B. 7-8 years

C. 12-13 years
112. Will assess the state of the lymph nodes in a child 6 years old . A healthy child

this age is unlikely palpation of lymph nodes following :

A. occipital

B. supraclavicular

S. tonsillar

D. The axillary

E. Inguinal

113. In determining the elasticity of the skin of the newborn marked slow-

smoothing of the skin fold .

This involves:

A predominance of solid fatty acids in subcutaneous adipose tissue

B. The weak connective tissue framework of the dermis

C. Insufficient development of the muscle fibers of the dermis

D. The absence of elastic elements in the basal membrane

E None of the above

114. A doctor examines a child 5 months .

From forth below corresponds to age norm :

A. In the sitting position for the chin leg

B. Determine kyphosis of the thoracic spine

C. There is a " frog " belly

D. Stop can get the ear opposite side

E. arch of the foot is not expressed

115. Closure of the large fontanelle occurs between the ages :

A. 6 months

B. 1 year

C. 3 years

116. When viewed from the mouth baby doctor has found 12 milk teeth .

The estimated age of the child :

A 8-9 months

V. 10-12 months

Pp. 13-14 months

D. 15-17 months

E. 18-20 months

117. It is known that pre-school children are mobile, little tired.

High functional activity of the muscles in children of this age due to :

A small thickness of the individual myofibrils

B. The intense exchange in muscle tissue

C. Low fat , and inorganic salts muscle

118. A child of 6 months , patients with sepsis , made X-ray of the femur and

shin to exclude osteomyelitis.

For a child of this age is the norm all, except:

A. The nature of the cartilaginous epiphysis

B. The weakness of bone mineralization

C. The formation of nuclei of ossification in the epiphysis

D. goblet expansion epiphyseal

119. Sclerema newborns due to :

A predominance in the subcutaneous tissue of solid fatty acids

B. predominance in the subcutaneous tissue of liquid fatty acids

C. Minor thickness of subcutaneous fat layer

D. hypoplasia of the basal membrane of the skin

120. Subcutaneous fat in children during the first months of life is involved in the incommensurate -

kratitelnom thermogenesis ( heat production is not related to muscle contraction )

owing to the presence therein :

A. A solid fatty acids

B. brown adipose tissue

C. Liquid fatty acids

D. White adipose tissue

121. Subcutaneous fat and newborn infants performs

the following functions:

A thermostatic expansion

B. haematopoietic

S. excretory

D. Rezorbtsionnnuyu

E. All of the above

122. Examined the child 1 year , the students evaluated the development of his subcutaneous fat

layer as sufficient .

The thickness of subcutaneous fat on the stomach should be:

A 3.5-4 cm

B. 2.5-3 cm

C. 1.5-2 cm

123. Turgor soft tissue compression is determined by the folds of the skin and underlying tissues

the inner surface :

A. Hips
B. Shin

S. Forearm

124. The presence of edema and pastosity determine the pressure on the :

A. The inside of the thigh

B. Rear brush

C. The front surface of the tibia

125. Blister test of McClure - Aldrich in 10 -year-old boy was normal

mum .

The decay time blister with :

A 10-15 minutes

V. 20-25 minutes

S. 40-60 minutes

D. 1 hour 30 minutes

126. The minimum thickness of subcutaneous fat was observed in children

( first period stretching )

A 1-4 years

B. 6-9 years

C. 10-12 years

127. Brown adipose tissue has a maximum capacity for heat production in

age :

A. The first days of life

B. The first three months

C. During the first year

128. The advantages of non-halogenated steroid ointments before ointments

containing hydrocortisone , prednisolone , dexamethasone :

A. It has a systemic effect of the mineralocorticoid

Q. Has a slight systemic glucocorticoid action

129. As the child matures, the next component increases muscle tissue :

A. Nucleic acid

B. Glycogen

S. Sarkoplazmennye proteins

D. Myoglobin

E. Fetal myosin

130. Muscle tone can be detected by all the following

symptoms. except for:

A. Symptom return

B. Symptom " rope "

C. Symptom " flabby arms "

D. symptoms of muscular tremor

E. Samples for traction

131. For muscular atrophy is characterized by all these definitions , other than:

A decrease in muscle mass

B. Violations of the trophic muscle

C. The Rebirth of muscle fibers

D. weakening or loss of contractile muscle

E. The occurrence of pathological reflexes flexor and extensor

muscle groups

132. Muscle atrophy is characterized by the following patologichekih states except :

A. gipotrofii 2 degrees

B. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

C. Polio

D. Chronic enterocolitis

E. Corey

133. The occurrence of muscle hyper characteristic of the next state :

A. Rickets

B. Rheumatic chorea

S. hypokalemia

D. Encephalitis

134. At the heart of myasthenia gravis is :

A. The difficulty relaxing muscles after cutting

B. Congenital total hypotension

S. neuromuscular disease , occurring with a block of neuromuscular

transmission

135. Among endocrine disease muscle weakness often causes :

A. Hyperthyroidism

B. Hypothyroidism

S. Hyperparathyroidism

D. gipokortitsizm

E. All of the above

136. On examination, the child noted: moon face, excessive deposition of fat

torso, thick neck , " elk hump " , hypertrichosis , band stretching of the skin

(striae ) .

The occurrence of the above changes characteristic :

A. Adipozo -genital dystrophy

B. Limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis

S. alimentary obesity

D. Cushing's

137. Muscle tone - one of the benchmarks for determining the age of the infant.

Hypertonic saline in the upper limbs disappears :

A. 1-1.5 months

B. 2-2.5 months

C. 3-3.5 months

D. 4-4.5 months

respiratory System

138. 5th year students , examining newborn , drew attention to the subtle

a tour of the chest , weak breath sounds on auscultation .

These features are caused by breathing in the newborn :

A. Weak contractions of the diaphragm and respiratory muscles

B. The imperfections of the mucociliary apparatus

C. The functional immaturity of the respiratory center

D. The narrowness of the lumen of respiratory tract

139. A child of 2 years diagnosed with obstructive bronchitis .

The emergence of this disease in this age contribute

respiratory following features :

A. Insufficient development of elastic systems

B. Imperfect mucociliary apparatus

C. Functional immaturity of the respiratory center

D. The narrowness of the airways , a tendency to swelling and mucous

hypersecretion

E. All of the above

140. My child is 3 months. Mother celebrates birthday with noisy, audible at a distance

breathing, feeding and growing concern . Stridor diagnosed .

The cause of stridor in children can be:

A foreign body airway

B. Swelling of the bronchial mucosa

S. laryngomalacia

D. All of the above

141. At the dispensary examination of the senior group of kindergarten identified several

constantly coughing children. Nasal breathing they significantly impeded, mouth open , from

muco- purulent nasal discharge. This is the secret to running down the back of the throat .

Oropharyngeal mucous membranes of normal color .

In a study of these children are likely to be diagnosed :

A. Bronchitis

B. adenoids

C. Acute rhinitis

D. Sinusitis

142. The doctor examines the health visitor at home when visiting a newborn 7 days.

Of the following corresponds to the age norm :

A. The respiratory rate 40 per minute

B. Surface , an irregular breathing

C. The ratio of RR ( respiratory rate ) and heart rate ( frequency

heart rate ) is 1:3-3,5

D. Loose souffles

E. All of the above

143. Child 14 -day sick with pneumonia . Periodically sleep apnea to

20 seconds , followed by a general cyanosis .

Sleep apnea can be attributed to the following features

newborn :

A. Lack of drainage function of the bronchial tree

B. Weak chest excursion

S. Addiction to mucosal edema and hypersecretion

D. The functional immaturity of the respiratory center

144. A healthy baby two years at rest breathing rate is:

A. 15-20

V. 25-30

pp. 35-40

145. Under the patronage of the Child, 2 -week-old doctor said that the baby is healthy .

He should be the next respiration rate per minute :

A. 40-50

V. 25-35

S. 30-20

146. Children 4 years of age admitted to the hospital with complaints of fatigue, frequent cough

bitonal character. Auscultation in the lungs of hard breathing , no wheezing .

Current symptoms are possible with :

A. Bronchitis

B. laryngitis

S. pneumonia

D. Bronhoadenite

147. A child of one year at the doctor before vaccination . on the natural

feeding. Healthy.
Number of breaths in 1 minute this child must be :

A 40-50

V. 30-35

pp. 20-25

148. Young parents, 3- month-old child are concerned that it is often breathing during sleep

( 35-40 minute), wheezing , coughing , became worse to take chest, breathing is shallow ,

chest excursion is insignificant.

Of these symptoms indicate pathology :

A. The respiratory rate to 35-40 per minute

B. Small chest excursion

C. Shallow breathing

D. None of the above

149. The child and a half years amid well-being appeared paroxysmal

cough with spastic breath , often ending with vomiting.

When such symptoms in the first place to think about:

A. Acute stenosis of the larynx ( croup syndrome )

B. bronchitis, pneumonia

C. The trachea

D. Whooping cough

150 . Inadmissibility of the use of respiratory stimulants in the newborn can be

justify :

A. Lack of development of lung tissue elastic

B. Insufficient differentiation of the structural units of light

S. softness cartilage of the larynx and trachea

D. Immature respiratory center and the cerebral cortex

151. 2 hletny child is sick for a few days. Rapid, deep wet

cough. In the light of various sizes scattered wet and dry rales . Mantoux test -

5 mm ( pimple )

These auscultatory findings and the nature of the most typical of cough :

A. Acute laryngeal stenosis syndrome ( croup )

B. Bronchitis

S. pneumonia

D. pleurisy

152. On examination, the child 10 months doctor suspected pneumonia.

Crucial to the diagnosis was as follows:

A deep cough

B. cyanosis nasolabial triangle

S. Locally defined fine moist rales in the lungs

D. The body temperature of 37.80 C

E. Number of 60 breaths per minute

153. Young parents alarmed by the high respiration rate and its arrhythmic

the nature of their child 6 days .

Of the following , found in the survey of the child 's pediatrician should be

regarded as pathological as follows:

A. The frequency of 40-45 breaths per minute

B. The pause in breathing of up to 3 seconds

C. Weak chest excursion

D. Loose souffles

E. None of the above

154. A child under the age of 8 months with atopic dermatitis is sick
acute respiratory disease. On the 4th day of illness appeared rough bark

cough, general malaise , shortness of breath compliant places with indrawing of the chest at

breath , noisy breathing , hoarse voice.

Symptoms appear most likely to show :

A laryngotracheitis stenotic

B. whooping cough

C. Aspiration of a foreign body

D. Pneumonia

155. A child of 2 years with a long wet cough and a low grade temperature

appeared to 37.7 dyspnea, cyanosis nasolabial triangle , deadened

sound and respiratory depression in the lower lobe of the right lung , a small offset

mediastinum to the right .

A similar clinical picture can cause:

A. Pneumonia

B. Emphysema

S. Pleuritis

D. Atelectasis

E. Bronchitis

156. On the defeat of the lung parenchyma showed the following physical

features :

A "box " nature of the percussion sound

B. Shortening percussion

C. The hard breathing

D. Wire wheezing

157. A short , painful cough is characteristic :

A Bronhadenita

B. Bronchitis

S. pleurisy

158. Zev child visiting :

A. At the beginning of the survey

B. In the study of the digestive system

C. At the end of the survey

159. With the defeat of the lower respiratory tract detected mainly :

A fine moist rales

B. srednepuzyrchatye rales

S. Krupnopuzyrchatye rales

D. Rough dry rattles

160. The palatine tonsils are beginning to go beyond the arches :

A. A newborn

B. At the age of 1 month

C. At the age of 6 months

D. After one year

161. Inspiratory dyspnea occurs when :

A. bronchiolitis

B. Bronchial Asthma

S. pneumonia

D. upper airway obstruction

162. The baby of 4 months from SARS on the 5th day of the disease appeared a short dry

compulsive cough , anxiety, raising the temperature to 390S .

In this case these are identified pathological symptoms

A. The frequency of 60 breaths per minute

B. Local shortening of percussion sounds

S. abdominal breathing

D. Indrawing intercostal spaces

E. All of the identified symptoms are pathological

163. The baby 7 months after suffering a respiratory viral disease with

obstructive syndrome for 1.5 months of retained low low-grade fever ,

rare non-productive cough , wheezing local small bubbling in the chuck

area on the right .

One suspects :

A. Acute bronchitis

B. Pneumonia

S. Pleuritis

D. Fibroatelektaz

164. At the doctor's preventive child 2 years old . At the 1st year of life frequent

colds . On examination : difficult nasal breathing , nasal voice ,

increased all of the cervical lymph nodes, hyperplasia of the palatine tonsils.

Catarrhal symptoms in the throat and nasal discharge is not.

The items listed above can match :

A. rhinitis

B. Chronic tonsillitis

S. limfadenitom

D. adenoiditis

165. The most characteristic symptom of pneumonia following :

A. Increasing the temperature to febrile digits

B. Wet cough

S. Cyanosis nasolabial triangle

D. Local crepitus

166. A child under the age of 6 months, suffered a respiratory viral infection with

obstructive syndrome.

In the development of obstructive syndrome all the anatomical and physiological features

bronchopulmonary matter , other than:

A hypoplasia of the respiratory muscles

B. The rich vascularity of the mucous membrane

C. Unfinished formation of ciliated epithelium of the mucous membrane

bronchi

D. Presence of multi-row cylindrical epithelium in the lining of the trachea and bronchi

167. For a child of 4 months is a physiological next breath :

A weakened vesicular

B. Vesicular

S. Puerilnoe

168. From these statements one mistake :

A. In young children easily occur nosebleeds

B. To a native partially formed lattice , sphenoid , maxillary

sinus

C. After 1 year tonsils extend beyond the arches

D. The lower nasal passage finishes formation to 4 years

E. All of the sinus finally formed only to 15 years

169. The doctor examined the baby of 2 months .

Of the following is the norm for this child is :

A. An oblique arrangement of ribs

B. Severe chest excursion

C. Surface breathing pattern

D. Puerilnoe breath

170. What are the mechanisms leading to the development of bronchial obstruction in

Kartagener syndrome ?

A swelling of the mucous

B. hypersecretion

S. bronchospasm

D. Violation of the mucociliary

171. In the occurrence of atelectasis in newborns occur all the anatomical

physiological characteristics , other than:

A. The weak development of the elastic tissue of the lungs

B. plethora of light

S. Reduced production of surfactant

D. The incomplete formation of the bronchial tree

172. A doctor examines a child of two years.

His guarded one of the following symptoms :

A. The frequency of 30 breaths

B. The ratio of the respiratory rate and heart rate 1:3

C. Respiratory cardiac arrhythmia

D. exceed a bow tonsils

173. The emergence puerilnogo breathing in young children due to particularly

ABILITY structure of the respiratory system , other than:

A short distance from the glottis to the place of hearing

B. Narrow bronchi

C. Minor thickness of the chest wall

D. Significant development of interstitial tissue

E. underdeveloped bronchial tree

174. A child of 2 years on auscultation in normal auscultated breath :

A weakened vesicular

B. Puerilnoe

C. Rigid

D. Vesicular

175 . What sinuses are formed after birth ?

A. Lattice ( ethmoid )

B. Maxillary

C. Frontal

176. Pneumonia - one of the most prevalent diseases in bronchopulmonary

infants.

Of the following contributes to this :

A. Horizontal joint edges with a backbone

B. The weakness of the respiratory muscles

C. Small chest excursion

D. Surface breathing pattern

E. All of the above

177. A healthy newborn child ratio of respiration and heart rate as follows:

A. 1:2

B. 1:3

S. 1:4
Circulatory system

178. The local doctor performs a full-term newborn nursing baby.

Of these indicators identified for this child should be considered

pathological :

A blood pressure 70/36 mmHg

B. The upper limit of the relative dullness of the heart - 2 edge

C. The heart rate is 140 per minute

D. Muting the 1st pitch at the top

E. None of these

179. The tactics of the doctor in this case should be as follows:

A hospitalized child

B. Refer for cardiorheumatology

C. Conduct instrumental examination (ECG , ultrasound of the heart) in

clinics

D. Conduct routine nursing

E. Assign cardiac glycosides

180 . Localization of the left border of the relative cardiac dullness in infants

age should be :

A. At 1.5 -2 cm outwards from the left midclavicular line

B. At 3 cm outside of the left midclavicular line

C. On the left midclavicular line

D. medially from the left midclavicular line

181.V 1 year old pulse rate per minute should be:

A. 140

120 V.
S. 100

D. 80

182. Boy 9 years examined after suffering angina.

About cardio- vascular disorders in this patient demonstrates :

A pulse 84 beats per minute

B. blood pressure 105/60 mmHg

C. The left border of the relative dullness of the heart by 2.5 cm outwards from the mid-

clavicular line

D. The apical impulse in the V intercostal space

183. Children 5 years old admitted to the pediatric cardiorheumatological

hospital. On examination : apex beat in 5 intercostal space 2 cm outside of the left

midclavicular line , diffuse , weakened , the left border of the heart by 2.5 cm outwards from the

the left midclavicular line , the upper - 2 rib , right - at the parasternal line;

heart sounds are muffled, tripartite rhythm on top, moderate intensity

short systolic murmur at the base of the heart .

Of the following may be regarded as a variant of the age norm :

A pulse 130 beats per minute

B. blood pressure 100/50 mmHg

C. Characteristics of the apical impulse

D. Characterization of heart borders

E. Data auscultation

184. In this case a high probability can be assumed diagnosis

A. Myocarditis

V. Endocarditis

S. Pericarditis
D. heart defect

E. Functional changes of the cardiovascular system

185. The child 7 years was an increase in body temperature to febrile digits

heart pains , palpitations . Revealed pallor , expanding the boundaries of

mainly to the left of the heart , tachycardia , transient arrythmia , easing

heart sounds , systolic murmur as non-intrusive to the 5th point.

In this case, you can think about:

A. Functional changes in heart

V. endocarditis

S. myocarditis

D. pericardium

186. Blood pressure on the legs of a child 3 years of age:

A. Higher than on hands

B. Same as on the hands

C. lower than the hands

D. Depending on the position of the body

187. The functional origin of systolic murmur in a child 6 years

testifies:

A short duration of the noise

B. The increase in intensity after exercise

C. Enhancing noise upright

D. Conduct on his neck vessels

E. All of the above

188. Child 6 months examined by pediatrician prior to vaccination .

From the above indicators of pathological changes are:

A pulse 110 per minute

B. The apical impulse is localized in the IV intercostal space

C. The left border of the relative dullness of the heart by 2 cm laterally from the left

midclavicular line

189. A child of 3 years within 4 days of sick SARS. The doctor examined the child , identified in

it changes the cardiovascular activity, namely :

A heart rate per minute 132

B. blood pressure 94/45 mmHg

C. The left border of the relative dullness of the heart by 1.0 cm outside of the left

midclavicular line

190. Children 5 years of age within 7 days of sick SARS. The doctor examined the child , identified in

it changes cardiovascular activity ..

Of the following is evidence of pathology :

A. Respiratory arrhythmia

B. BP 100 \ 50 mmHg

C. The left border of the relative dullness of the heart 1 cm outwards from the left

midclavicular line

D. The heart rate is 86 per minute

191. Students examine the 3- month-old baby after 20 minutes after feeding.

Cardio- vascular system revealed the following figures .

What is the pathology ?

A pulse 135 per minute

B. blood pressure 76/45 mmHg

C. The upper limit of the relative dullness of the heart - 2 edge

D. On the basis of the heart is better heard one tone

E. All of the above indicators are not pathological

192. The functional nature of the systolic murmur confirms the following:

A. Auscultated during systole

B. Decreases exertion

C. There is a growing upright

D. Held at the neck vessels

193. A child at the age of 2 weeks is a physiological all, except:

A. Heart Rate 140 per minute

B. blood pressure 65/35 mmHg

C. The apex beat in 4 intercostal space

D. Little mute heart sounds

E. systolic murmur

194. About Cardiovascular disorders in children 4 years shows :

A heart rate per minute 72

B. blood pressure 98/45 mmHg

C. The left border of the relative dullness of the heart by 1.0 cm outside of the left

midclavicular line

D. Respiratory arrhythmia

E. All of the above

195. The girl's 10 years old, inspected cardiorheumatology after a sore throat , is suspected

acute rheumatic fever :

Possible evidence of heart disease :

A blood pressure 110/65 mmHg

V. Pulse of 102 beats per minute

C. Respiratory arrhythmia
D. All of the above

196. Normal location of the left border of the heart in relation to the left mid-

clavicular line in the child 1.5 years as follows:

A. At 1 cm medially

B. At 0.5 cm medially

C. Line

D. At 1-2 cm outside

E. More than 2.5-3 cm outside

197. At rest, a healthy newborn child should have the following

heart rate at 1 minute:

90 A.

110 V.

S. 140

198. In a study of patients were identified : sudden shortness of breath , tachycardia,

pronounced widening of the boundaries of the heart , a significant muting heart

tones , reduced ejection fraction by echocardiography data :

In this patient may be all, except:

A. Endomiokardita

B. pericarditis

S. decompensated mitral valve insufficiency

D. Mitral valve prolapse degrees W

199. The following border of the relative dullness of the heart - the top - 2 edge , right

-Right parasternal line , left - 1.5 cm outwards from the left midclavicular line -

age appropriate :

A. 6 months
B. 3 years

C. 7 years

200 . Morphological parameters of the cardiovascular system of the child to the age of 1

Months describes the following:

A. Undifferentiated syncytium infarction

B. Complete the development of histological structures wiring systems

C. Expression of the longitudinal and transverse striations fibrillation

D. Mixed distribution of coronary vessels

E. All of the above is correct

201. The functional nature of the systolic murmur suggests the following

response:

A. A non-

B. It is heeded in points 1 and Y

C. The volatile depending on the position of the body and the respiratory phase

D. takes the beginning and middle of systole

E. All of the answers are correct

202. In the syndrome of vegetative dystonia puberty can be:

A feeling of lack of air

B. The tendency to tachycardia

C. The instability of blood pressure

D. A small expansion of the boundaries of the heart

E. All of the above

203. The child is 3 years old all the physiological signs , other than:

A. Pulse 110 in 1 minute

B. blood pressure 110/70 mmHg

C. The left border of the relative dullness of the heart 1 cm outwards from the left mid-

clavicular line

D. Respiratory arrhythmia

E. Accent 2 tone of the pulmonary artery

204. Embryocardia can be observed in the rate of :

A. Babies first days of life

B. not normally be

205. The child 7 days marked regurgitation , excessive neuroreflex

excitability , purulent omphalitis . Was heard on auscultation of the pendulum

the rhythm of the heart's contractions at the same volume 1 and 2 tones, and at regular intervals

therebetween.

This cardiac phenomenon should be seen as:

A manifestation of perinatal CNS

B. The toxic effect of a purulent focus of infection

S. embryocardia , option rules

206. The normal ratio of blood pressure in a child's hands and feet :

A. Equal to the hands and feet

B. In the hands higher than 10-15 feet mmHg

C. feet higher than the arms 10-15 mmHg

D. Depending on the position of the body

E. Depends on the age of

207. For a child of five years is a normal blood pressure following characteristics :

A. Average age SBP 90 +2 n, DBP half of SBP

B. The difference in blood pressure at the hands of not more than 10 mm Hg

C. AD feet higher than the blood pressure in the arms

D. All of the above

208. A child of 2 years suffered SARS, after which he marked arrythmia

( ES Single to 5 min).

Cardiorheumatology tactics should be as follows :

A. Refer for ECG

B. Refer for echocardiography .

S. referral to a neurologist

D. Make all of the above

EA is regarded as a variant of arrhythmia age norms

209. If you violate the course of development of blood stem defects may occur

development :

A. truncus arteriosus

B. The narrowing of the aorta

C. Transposition of the great vessels

D. Narrowing of the pulmonary artery

E. All of the above

210. Complete closure of the foramen ovale in a healthy child is between the ages :

A. The first hours of life

B. At the end of the first six months of life

C. At the end of the first year of life

211. Functional closure of the ductus arteriosus occurs in healthy children

age :

A. The first hours after birth

B. At the end of the first six months of life

C. At the end of the first year of life

212. Anatomical closure of the ductus arteriosus in the majority of healthy children

occurs between the ages :

A. By the end of the 2nd month of life

B. At the end of the first six months of life

C. At the end of the first year of life

213. The functional noise include:

A muscular origin noise arising from incomplete

closing of the heart valves and blood vessels due to the reduction of papillary muscle tone

or all of the myocardium

V.Shumy autonomic dysfunction due to a change of tone

papillary muscle and vascular tone

C. Noise formation of the heart, resulting uneven growth

individual cavities of the heart

D. exocardial noise

E. All of the above

214. Enter a feature of fetal circulation:

A non-functioning pulmonary circulation

B. Provision of mixed blood of the fetus

C. Receipt of blood to the systemic circulation , bypassing the small two

shunt

D.Vse listed correctly

215. Diastolic murmurs are most likely related to:

A. Aortic Stenosis

B. mitral stenosis

C. The pulmonary artery stenosis

D. mitral insufficiency

E. ventricular septal defect

216. Systolic murmurs are most likely related to:

A. Mitral stenosis

B. aortic valve

S. subaortic stenosis

D. pulmonary valve insufficiency

E. stenosis of the tricuspid valve

217. The ductus arteriosus may again unfold in neonates :

A. respiratory distress syndrome

B. Excessive fluid therapy

C. The duration of oxygen therapy by high concentrations of oxygen

D. all of the above

digestive System

218. One of the following statements incorrectly :

A. The most intense pancreas increases in the first 3 years

B. Glandular apparatus insufficiently differentiated pancreatic

immediately after birth

C. Endocrine function of the pancreas is less developed than the exocrine

219. The most common cause of recurrent vomiting in children in the first days

life :

A. Pyloric stenosis

B. conjugation jaundice

S. Aerophagia

D. overfeed
220.Devochka 5 - year-old was admitted to hospital with frequent abdominal pain , constipation.

Pale, tongue coated white bloom at the root. On palpation of the abdomen revealed

epigastric tenderness , liver at the costal margin , the edge myagkoelastichny , sharp.

The cecum is in the form of a smooth cylinder myagkoelasticheskogo , growling at

pressure. Sigmoid colon is palpable in the form of a dense thin cylinder ,

moderately painful .

Pathology for the child is :

A. The size of the liver

B. Characteristics of the edge of the liver

C. Status of the cecum

D. Status sigmoid

221. The physiological capacity of the stomach to the first day of life is:

A 7-10 ml

V. 30-35 ml

S. 40-50 ml

222. Of the following can not be attributed to age-related features of the digestive tract in newborns

children born as follows:

A. Gastric cancer is morphologically and functionally developed

B. The transition of the esophagus to the stomach is below the diaphragm

C. Length of intestine is relatively larger in relation to the body length

D. lymphoid tissue scattered throughout the gut

223. In intestinal juice for children can define the same enzymes as in adults

age :

A. At birth

B. 4 years
C. 7-8 years

D. 12-13 years

224. The physiological capacity of the stomach to the end of the 1st year of life is:

A 150-200 ml

V. 250-300 ml

S. 350-400 ml

225. For young children, are more common diseases of the oral cavity following :

A. Stomatitis

B. Cheilitis

S. Periodontitis

226. Inflammatory changes in the tissue of the pancreas often develop when :

A. Mumps

B. varicella

S. dysentery

D. Infectious mononucleosis

227. Malabsorption syndrome most often characterized by:

A copious vomiting

B. A large chair

S. chair with blood

D. Abdominal Pain

228. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is characterized (you

revealed in coprogram )

A. The increase in indigestible fiber

B. The appearance iodophilic flora

S. Steatorrhea
D. Mucus

229. Portal hypertension can be attributed to :

A. telangiectasia on the skin

B. Jaundice of the skin

C. Hemorrhagic rash

D. " Head of Medusa " on the stomach

230. Explain the appearance of white plaque ( thrush ) in the oral mucosa in children

infants ::

A Food Allergy

C. Lactase deficiency

C. Candidiasis

D. Frequent regurgitation

231. The lower edge of the liver in healthy children is palpated at the right costal

between:

A. 1 year

B. 3 years

C. 6 years

D. 9 years

232 . Note the authentic feature of the liver of a healthy newborn baby:

A. At the time of birth slices clearly limited

B. Acts of hypochondria

C. Insufficient blood supply

D. The thick fibrous capsule of the liver

233. Note the functional features of the liver of a newborn baby:

A. relatively high bile acid taurocholic

B. Mature enzyme system

C. Good activity glyukoroniltransferazy

234. The pancreas of a newborn has the following features :

A. Well differentiated parenchyma

B. Liberally vascularized

C. Rich connective tissue

D. The exocrine function is better developed than the endocrine

235. The features of the small intestine in young children include:

A. Poor vascularization of the mucous membrane

B. its relatively large length as compared with adults

C. Reasonably good development ileocecal valve

D. The increase in lactase activity to 5 years in a child's life

236. The wall of the small intestine in young children has the following feature

structure :

A. Good development of the longitudinal muscle layer of the shell

B. Lack of angiogenesis

C. The broader than in adults , the lumen of lymphatic vessels

D. Lack of mucosal permeability

237. Features of the appendix in the newborn:

A Wide Open Entrance

B. Long mesentery

C. Insufficient development of lymphoid follicles

D. All of the above

238. A child 10 months old, often ill SARS , who suffered severe

intestinal infection , lagging by 18% in body weight from age norms in the last 2
chair one month every two days . The mother was concerned that today during a bowel movement at

Child noted loss of the rectal mucosa .

Of the following contributed to this :

A. Constipation

B. The cylindrical shape of the rectum

C. The weak link of the mucosa and submucosa of the intestine

D. thin and relatively long intestine mesentery

E. All of the above

239. Newborn for two days periodically restless, refuses

breast. Diagnosed with SARS.

The reason for refusal of the breast in this case was :

A tongue-tie

B. Cracks in the mother nipple

S. Rhinitis

240. A child at the age of 1 month during three feedings refuses the breast .

The most likely reason for this was :

A tongue-tie

B. The weak development of fatty lumps Bisha

C. A tight chest

D. None of the above

241. Neonatal manifestations of perinatal CNS appointed

feeding through a tube .

In carrying out this procedure must be taken into account :

A. Status of the oral mucosa

B. Age- length of the esophagus

C. Features of the location of the stomach

D. All of the above

242. The baby 3 weeks of age , receiving breast feeding ,

changed the nature of the chair.

The doctor suspected empty chair because :

A. Dark colors

B. mucus

C. The liquid consistency

D. all of the above

243. A healthy newborn baby is breastfeeding mothers and keeps well

food.

This is facilitated by :

A. On the evolution of the cardiac sphincter of the stomach

B. Relatively small dimensions and high oral language

C. Location of the stomach in the left upper quadrant

D. tongue-tie

E. All of the above

244. In young children contributes to intussusception :

A considerable length of the mesentery , rigid intestinal motility

B. The relatively large total length of the intestine

C. Significant development of intestinal villous unit

245. The child 2 weeks , being on breastfeeding , chair 4-6 times

day.

Should not be a cause for concern chair :

A yellow, mushy ,
B. Dark colors, pappy

246. A newborn in the first attachment to the breast milk appeared in the nasal

strokes and cough.

The reason for this was :

A. A tight chest

V. tongue-tie

C. The weak development of fatty lumps in the thick cheeks Bisha

D. The anomaly of development - " palate " (splitting the hard palate )

E. All of the above

247. A child at the age of 1 month in the last days is mixed feeding

( adapted added fresh mixture) , sucking greedily , there regurgitation .

The most likely cause is :

A. pilorospazme

B. Aerophagia

S. Pyloric stenosis

D. Dyspepsia

E. Acute Esophagitis

248. In premature infants at the age of 4 months, the physician during the inspection , due to SARS,

found protruding by 1.5 cm below the costal margin liver soft- elastic

consistency.

How can we evaluate this symptom ?

A. Increased liver due to SARS

B. Start of rickets

C. Age norm

D. Late anemia of prematurity

249. A child at the age of 3.5 months of breastfeeding .

Of the following is detected during the inspection should be considered the norm :

A. Regurgitation after each feeding

B. Chair 1 per day

S. Flatulence

D. Strong drooling

250 . A child at the age of 2.5 months observed neobilnye regurgitation .

This is facilitated by :

A. Underdevelopment of the cardiac department and a well-developed pyloric part

stomach

B. Increased intestinal motility

C. The relatively short esophagus

D. All of the above

251. A child at the age of 1.5 months, a tendency to vomiting and regurgitation .

This is facilitated by :

A. Low- secretory activity of the gastric glands

B. The weak development of cardiac and good development of the pyloric sphincter

C. Increased intestinal motility

252. Doctor when viewed child 3.5 years paid attention to the irritation and

scratching around the anus .

This symptom is diagnostic for the following diseases :

A. Coley infection

B. Dysentery

S. Enterobiasis

D. Ascariasis
E. Giardiasis

253. Healthy child at the age of 2.5 months assigned infant formula due to illness

mother.

In the transition to artificial feeding is most likely the next chair :

A. Featuring a dark brown color

VS mixed greens

C. Dark kroshkovidny meager

D. In a pale yellow putties

254. Mother of 3 - week-old baby , breastfeeding , concerned

the chair is in the child turned dark brown.

The doctor suspected a lack of mother's milk due to :

A bowel movement 1-2 times a day, change the color

B. pappy of stools

C. Chair with a touch of green

D. all of the above

255. A child at the age of 1 month are prone to regurgitation and several times

day of projectile vomiting . Breast-feed weight at birth has added 180 g Suspecting

pyloric stenosis .

Of the following specified diagnosis confirms everything except :

A. The indicated masses rise up to 1 month

B. Addiction to spitting up since birth

S. projectile vomiting

D. crud in the vomit

E. Bulk vomit

256. A child aged 5 months examined by a doctor .

Should be regarded as a physiological following:

A. Sweats

B. hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the pharynx

C. The coated tongue

D. Drooling

E. Flatulence

257. A child at the age of 1.5 months added to the birth weight of 420 g with a 3-week

age , the boy vomit daily up to 5 times a day. hospitalized with

a presumptive diagnosis of pyloric stenosis .

In favor of this diagnosis indicates :

A rare gastric peristalsis

B. Excessive salivation

C. The volume of vomit exceeds one feeding

D. The number of voids per day about 18

E. All of the above

urinary organs

258. On receiving outpatient physician found in 10 -year-old child the presence of dysuria .

There were indications of change in the appearance of urine ( cloudy ), and has developed acute

enuresis .

The above symptoms are equal to:

A. glomerulonephritis

B. pyelonephritis

S. cystitis

259. Young children are much more likely to get pyelonephritis compared with

older children.
By that predisposes :

A. The relatively large width of the pelvis

B. Lack of concentration in renal function

S. lobed structure kidney

D. The relatively large size of the kidneys

260. Clearance of endogenous creatinine child 5 months - 50 ml / min

Detected amount of clearance explains:

A. The physiological feature

B. Hereditary nephritis

C. urinary infection

261. On examination prior to vaccination 3 month old baby found in urine

it does not have protein , there is abnormal sediment ; osmotic urine density (specific gravity)

was 1012.

Reduced function of the concentration of urine at this age, determines :

A. The high mobility of the kidneys

B. Low levels of antidiuretic hormone ( ADH)

C. Preferential location intrarenal pelvis

D. Short distal ureter

262. A girl of 12 years is followed up by a nephrologist for a number of

years. Periodically, she says bacteriuria , urine alkaline with

leukocyte cylinders and leukocytes to 20 in sight.

The listed data are consistent with the disease :

A. Chronic pyelonephritis

B. Chronic cystitis

C. Chronic glomerulonephritis
D. Urolithiasis

263. At a young child has a relatively low filtration

the ability of the kidneys.

This is due to :

A functional failure tubules

B. The weak development of muscle fibers in the mouth

S. Lesser filter surface

264. In the preparation of 3- month-old boy to preventive inoculations he had

investigated urine, 5-7 leukocytes found in sight.

It is advisable to start with the examination of the child :

A. Studies of urine nechiporenko

B. Research urine Zimnitskiy

S. cystoscope

D. Rehberg

265. Normal healthy child age 6 years corresponds diuresis (in ml) :

A. 500

800 V.

S. 1100

D. 1500

266. After the transfer of the newborn to breastfeed him revealed

acidosis .

This is due to :

A predominance of the thickness of the layer of the cerebral cortex

B. Increase the number of metabolic products to be removed

C. Short intravesical ureteral segment :

D. lobular type of structure kidneys

267. The high mobility of the kidneys in young children due to :

A. A more tortuous ureters

Q. With reference to the larger mass of kidneys

S. lobular type of structure kidney

D. The weak development of the perirenal fat

268. When the scheduled inspection of the patient 10 years of age with chronic glomerulonephritis in

urine sediment leukocytes 3-4 , 3-5 erythrocytes in sight. relative density

Urine 1007-1021 , GFR 80 mL / min per unit body surface.

In this case the deviation from the norm is :

A. The relative density of urine

B. The number of red blood cells in the urine sediment

C. The number of leukocytes in urine sediment

D. The volume of glomerular filtration

269. Children 5 years of age admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis - acute exacerbations of chronic

pyelonephritis.

This is evidenced by :

A blood pressure - 100/ 60 mm Hg

B. The daily urine 1000 ml

C. The presence of white blood cells in the urine sediment over 20 in sight

D. The acid reaction of urine

E. All of the above

270. Recovering from respiratory infection in girls 7 years found

leykotsituriya , leukocyte cylinders.

The child is diagnosed :

A. Glomerulonephritis

B. Cystitis

S. Pyelonephritis

D. Urethritis

271. The patient with chronic pyelonephritis is scheduled for a urine

Zimnitskiy .

Sample Zimnitsky determine:

A. The presence of bacteriuria

B. The density of urine

C. The presence of red blood cell

D. The presence of leykotsiturii

272. To the doctor asked her mother with a child of 3 years , which in the first year of life

observed transient leykotsituriya , sometimes " unmotivated " ups

temperature , pain in the abdomen.

Examination of the child is advisable to start with :

A radioisotope renography

B. renal ultrasound

S. cystoscope

D. Dynamic kidney scan

E. cystography

273. Child 6 years pass medical examinations in connection with registration in

school. Urinalysis revealed proteinuria isolated - 0.066 g / l

Examination of a child should begin with :

A. Studies of urine nechiporenko

B. Definitions of daily protein loss

C. Rehberg

D. renal ultrasound

274. The child 7 years old with acute glomerulonephritis there were signs of acute renal

failure.

This is evidenced by :

A blood pressure - 105/70 mmHg

B. Leukocyturia more than 30 in the field of view

S. eritrotsiturii 15-20 in sight

D. Proteinuria 0.9 g / l

E. Hyperkalemia

275. The daily urine child 3 years old is (in ml):

A. 500

800 V.

S. 1200

276. When medical observation for a 3- year-old child with chronic pyelonephritis

necessary to monitor the functional state of the kidneys.

The best way to collect urine in children of that age to determine

fluctuations of its share :

A. Forced urination

B. Arbitrary urination

C. The use of the urinal

D. Catheterization of the bladder

277. In 5 -day girls every urination reddish leaves on diapers

spots. The collected urine was cloudy when stored in it appear reddish

brown precipitate , the number of red blood cells did not exceed 1-2 in sight .
The reason for the above features of urine in the newborn:

A. Sexual crisis

B. Urine acid diathesis ( heart attack)

C. Gross hematuria due to diseases of the blood

D. Nephrolithiasis

E. Kidney Tumor

278. Child 2 months urinates up to 17 times a day.

Urinary frequency , in this case considered as

A. The physiological norm

B. Cystitis

S. Urethritis

D. Urine acid myocardial

279. Girl 2 years examined in a hospital.

Pathology in the child should be considered:

A. The daily urine 700 ml

B. The number of voids 7 times a day

C. The acidity of the urine

D. BP 110 \ 50 mmHg

E. All of the above

280. During a morning performance in a kindergarten in a child 2 years and 10 months , active , with a
good

well-being , once it was involuntary urination, which had not previously

noted .

This phenomenon can be interpreted as:

A. Cystitis

B. Pyelonephritis
S. Physiological characteristics

D. Lack of hygiene practices

281. The baby 5 months with purulent otitis proceeding with febrile temperature

Examination revealed an alkaline reaction of urine , trace proteinuria in the sediment -

35 leukocytes in sight , red blood cells 1-2 in sight , isolated epithelial

cells .

The consequence of suppurative otitis media in this case was :

A. Pyelonephritis

B. Cystitis

S. Glomerulonephritis

282. The minimum number of voids per night in a newborn child is:

5 A.

V. 10

S. 20

D. 30

283. In a study of 10 -year-old boy before being sent to summer camp made

urinalysis : the share of 1019, total transparency , no sugar and protein in the sediment :

1-3 leukocytes in sight , red blood cells 4-5 in the field of view , single epithelial

cells .

The deviation from the norm reflects:

A. The presence of epithelial cells in urine

B. The number of white blood cells

C. The number of red blood cells

D. The specific gravity of urine

E. All of the above

284. Girl 3 years examined before entering kindergarten.

In the urine of the child does not meet the age norm :

A. Protein 0.066 g / l

B. Red blood cells are 3-4 in sight

C. White blood cells 10-12 in sight

D. All of the above

285. That child is advisable to do :

A. Analysis of urine nechiporenko

B. Urine culture

C. Ultrasound of the kidneys

D. All of the above

286. The cause of oliguria may be:

A. The increase in edema

B. profuse diarrhea

S. anacatharsis

D. Impaired renal function

E. All of the above

287. Volume of glomerular filtration rate ( ml / min) per unit body surface area at the end

the first six months of life is:

50 A.

V. 90

S. 120

288. Nephrotic syndrome is diagnosed in the presence of :

A Edemas

B. Expression of proteinuria
S. hypoproteinemia

D. hyperlipidemia

E. all of the above

289. A healthy child 8 years of daily urine output is:

A 500 ml

C. 800 ml

C. 1300 ml

D. 2000 ml

290. Anatomical and neonatal renal fiziologcheskimi features are:

A. lobed structure

B. Mainly intrarenal pelvis location

C. Low glomerular filtration

D. Low- concentrating ability

E. All of the above

291.K urodynamics predispose these anatomical features

urinary system of young children :

A. Lokhankin kidney relatively wider than in adults , hypotonic

B. The ureters convoluted , hypotonic

C. The increased mobility of the kidney

D. All of the above

292. By the development of vesicoureteral reflux in infants

predispose :

A. Hypotension pelvis

B. The increased mobility of the kidney

C. Short intravesical ureteral segment

D. All of the above

293. Pediatrician evaluates the results of analysis of urine 3- month-old girl .

Pathology should be considered:

A pale yellow color

B. Specific Gravity -1016

C. White blood cells - 3-5 in sight

D. Red blood cells - 4-5 in sight

294. The cause of hematuria can be:

A. Glomerulonephritis

B. Hereditary nephritis

S. dysmetabolic nephropathy

D. Ig A nephropathy

E. All of the above

295. Newborn 2 days for 1 day peed time allocated 30 ml of urine.

This can be explained by :

A. The small fluid intake in the body

B. extrarenal fluid loss

C. The features of hemodynamic

D. All of the listed

296. Hospital doctor on duty was concerned that the 10 - month-old baby ,

hospitalized on the 2nd day of the disease at the intestinal disorder

a body temperature of 37.80 C, peed 4 times in the last days. During this time, he

was 8 times copious liquid stools.

The number of voids per night in a child at this age is:

A. 3-4
9-10 V.

S. 15-16

297. The frequency of urination on the child due to :

A. Reflex urinary retention

B. Fall diuresis due to dehydration

C. The decrease in blood volume due to hemodynamic

violations

D. The development of acute renal failure

E. All of the above

hematopoiesis

298. The norm in the blood for the newborn in the first days of life is everything

except for:

A reticulocyte - 30% 0

B. Hemoglobin - 220 g / l

C. Hematocrit - 40 %

D. Leukocyte - 20h109 / l

E. Neutrophils - 70 %

299. Hematopoietic system of infants tend to all, except:

A. The functional lability

B. Rapid exhaustion

C. The high regenerative capacity

D. Fail to return to fetal hematopoiesis

300 . In premature infants 4 weeks of age blood was investigated over

prolonged jaundice.

From following corresponds to age norm :

A. Hemoglobin - 102 g / l

B. ESR 16 mm / h

C. Red blood cells - 3.4 1012 / L

D. Lymphocytes - 57 %

301. The child 7 years was an increase in cervical lymph node groups , some of

they reach the size of a walnut , with each other and with the skin are not soldered ,

painless . The body temperature is low-grade . Hodgkin's disease is suspected .

Of the following indicators of normal blood should be considered:

A. Hemoglobin - 108 g / l

B. White blood cells - 12.1 x 109 / l

C. Red blood cells - 3.0 1012 / L

D. ESR - 37 mm / h

E. Eosinophils 3%

302. Child 4.5 years hospitalized for pneumonia .

Of the following is evidence of the severity of the process :

A. Hemoglobin - 92 g \ l

In Lymphocytes - 44 %

C. band neutrophils , 11%

D. Eosinophils 2%

303. A child 10 years old complains of pain in the legs, nose bleeds . On examination

Banti's syndrome is diagnosed .

Of these, lower than normal blood is :

A Red blood cells - 2.6 1012 / L

B. Hemoglobin - 79 g / l

S. Myelocytes - 5.5%
D. reticulocytes - 8 0 %

304. The most likely percentage of neutrophils in the peripheral blood

healthy children 5 years of age:

20 A.

B. 30

S. 45

D. 60

305. In preparation for the adenotomy child of 3 years studied blood. physician

otolaryngologist refrained from surgery , the patient sent to the pediatrician .

The doctor regarded as a deviation from the norm :

A. Platelets - 219.8 x 109 / l

B Lymphocytes - 49 %

C. Bleeding time - 4.5 "

D. clotting time : start - 3.25 " , the end - 8.54 "

306. The boy 5,5 years, had a hemorrhage in the left knee joint after

minor injury .

Of the following points to the hemorrhagic syndrome :

A. Hemoglobin 122 g \ l

B. The bleeding - 5.00 "

C. Platelets - 180.0 x 109 / l

D. clotting time : the beginning - : 3.15 " , the end - 9.30 "

307. At the doctor's child is 7 years with complaints of nosebleeds,

hemorrhages in the skin.

An indication of the existence of the syndrome of bleeding is :

A. Hemoglobin 98 g / l
B. Red blood cells 4.0 1012 \ l

C. Clotting time : start - 2.15 " , the end - 3.45 "

D. Platelets - 97.5 x 109 / l

308.Trehletney girl who has accidentally revealed pyuria , made a general

blood : WBC 9.0 109 / L , band neutrophils 2% , segmented

36% neutrophils , 62% lymphocytes , eosinophils, 3% , 6 mm ESR \ h

Select the correct assessment of this analysis :

A pathologically altered leukocytosis , increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate

B. pathologically changed : lleykotsitoz , eosinophilia

S. pathologically changed : lymphocytosis

D. A normal blood

309. The child 8 years old with a diagnosis of measles on the second day of the rash made the analysis

blood.

Deviation from the norm is the following figure :

A. Basophils - 0.5 %

V. Eosinophils - 3%

C. ESR - 8 mm / h

D. White blood cells - 3.1 x 109 / l

310. A child 10 years of age during the month of observed temperature rise , complaints

the weakness . On examination : hemorrhages in the skin and mucous membranes; spleen acts of

hypochondria 2 cm had a blood test .

The normal rate is :

A. Platelets - 72.3 x 109 / l

B. White blood cells - 43.1 x 109 / l

C. ESR - 57 mm / h
D. clotting time : start - 4.35 " , the end - 5.05 "

311. The girl 5 years for 4 weeks, anorexia , lethargy , prefers to lie . In

last week paled considerably , there were hemorrhages in the skin .

The body temperature is normal.

In the first place (in addition to a general analysis of blood) should make the following

study:

A. Identification of immunoglobulins

B. Investigation of Bone Marrow

C. The level of serum iron

D. The osmotic resistance of erythrocytes

312. Student medical school , reading the result of clinical blood - Zabo

The left-hander 2 -year-old son , drew attention to the predominance of lymphocytes (60 %) in the
formula

blood.

What are the likely cause of lymphocytosis :

A. Tuberculosis

B. Infectious mononucleosis

S. Leukemia

D. Age features of peripheral blood

313. Children 4 years, 11 months, is made in kindergarten.

What are pathologically altered blood to figure it out

A Segmented neutrophils - 45.5 %

B Lymphocytes - 46 %

S. Eosinophils - 8 %

D. Red blood cells - 4.5 1012 / L

E. All of the above

314. Child is 6 days. Weight 3550 g had a blood test .

From the following age norm corresponds to all, except:

A. Lymphocytes - 42 %

B. band neutrophils - 2.5%

S. segmented neutrophils - 42.5 %

D. Hemoglobin - 121 g / l

315. Mother , concerned about a decrease in appetite , fatigue his

five children , she turned to the clinic . The analysis of the blood.

From following should attract the attention of a physician :

A. WBC 9.0 x 109 / l

B. Segmented neutrophils - 44 %

C. Hemoglobin - 91 g / l

Lymphocytes D - 40%

E. All of the above

316. A child of 5 years on the basis of body temperature rises to febrile digits

lymphadenopathy , hepatosplenomegaly suspected blood disorder .

Norma meet all the indicators of the general blood test , other than:

A. Leukocyte - 15.2 x 109 / l

B Lymphocytes - 44 %

S. Eosinophils 0%

D. band neutrophils - 1.5%

317. The child 1.5 months pustular rash on the skin of the trunk , low-grade

body temperature, in the last days of the mass does not increase .

Specify the normal performance of his general analysis of blood :

A band neutrophils - 12 %
B. Segmented neutrophils - 54 %

C. Hemoglobin - 110 g / l

D. Eosinophils - 2%

318. The child 2.5 months observed rise in temperature to 390S , shortness of

nasal breathing , perioral cyanosis . Made a complete blood count .

Enter the modified indicator blood :

A. White blood cells - 10.8 x 109 / l

B. Lymphocytes - 60%

C. band neutrophils - 7%

D. Eosinophils - 3%

319. The child 2.5 years of atopic dermatitis. Made a complete blood count .

Enter the changed parameters of blood in his analysis :

A. White blood cells - 8.7 x 109 / l

B. Hemoglobin - 115g / l

C. Monocytes - 5%

D. Eosinophils - 9 %

320. For acute respiratory illness child 9 years old received biseptol . on

Third day of treatment appeared aphthous stomatitis .

In the overall analysis of the patient's blood is a normal figure . Describe it :

A. White blood cells - 3.2 x 109 / l

B. Segmented neutrophils - 12 %

C. ESR - 15 mm / h

D. reticulocytes - 7 % 0

321. On the 2nd day of life studied the blood of full-term baby .

Deviation from the norm is :

A. Hemoglobin - 200 g / l

B. Anisocytosis

C. Red blood cells - 6.0 1012 / L

D. ESR - 19 mm / h

E. All of the above

322. My child is 3 days , birthweight 3400

In the analysis of blood parameters correspond to the age- all, except:

A. Leukocyte - 12.5 x 109 / l

B. Myelocytes - 0.5 %

S. anisocytosis

D. Erythrocytes - 4.0 1012 / L

323. In the study of peripheral blood of a healthy newborn first day

life is most likely the next number of red blood cells :

A. 3.0-4.0 1012 / L

B.4 , 0 - 5.0 1012 / L

C. 5.0-7.0 1012 / L

324. In full-term baby 1.5 months studied blood over a prolonged

jaundice.

From following age norm corresponds to all, except:

A. Hemoglobin - 110 g / l

B. Leukocyte - 12h109 / l

C. Neutrophils - 32%

D. ESR - 2 mm / h

325. In preparation for tonsillectomy child is 6 years studied blood. physician

otolaryngologist refrained from surgery , sent the patient to the pediatrician.

Otolaryngologist alarmed by the following indicators:

A. Platelets - 249.6 x 109 / l

B Lymphocytes - 36 %

C. Bleeding time - 3.15 "

D. clotting time : start: - 3.05 " , the end - 8.35 "

326. The child 1 year 7 months studied the blood due to the worsening of atopic

dermatitis.

From following the aggravation of the disease is characterized by:

A. ESR - 8 mm / h

B Lymphocytes - 52 %

C. White blood cells - 8.3 x 109 / l

D. Eosinophils - 11 %

327. Lymphocytosis is characteristic :

A. HIV

B. Pertussis

S. Autoimmune Diseases

D. all of the above

328. Full-term baby 5 days blood tests done .

Age norm corresponds to all, except:

A. Hemoglobin - 188 g / l

B. Segmented neutrophils - 44.5 %

C. Lymphocytes - 45 %

D. ESR - 12 mm \ h

329. After pneumonia baby 4 months produced control

blood tests .
Deviation from the norm is :

A. Red blood cells - 4.1 1012 / L , platelets - 270h109 / l

B. Hemoglobin - 102g / l color index - 0.75

C. Eosinophils - 3% lymphocytes - 55 %

D. Monocytes - 8% neutrophils - 34 %

330. On the 15th day of life the child examined by a pediatrician in connection with the unhealed
umbilical

wound. There are separate elements for pustular skin of the abdomen . Became worse suck

lost weight in '50

Child abuse in the state confirms

A. ESR - 21 mm / h

B. band neutrophils - 10%

C. White blood cells - 19h109 / l

D. Red blood cells - 3.8 1012 / L

E. All of the above

331. It should be considered the norm for a healthy baby first days of life

leukocyte numbers listed below :

A. 15h109 / l

B. 9h109 / l

S. 7h109 / l

D. 5h109 / l

332. A healthy child 5 years lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of the formula -

constitute ( in%):

20 A.

Q. 25

S. 30
D. 45

60 E.

333. In formula peripheral blood of healthy newborn 4-5 day life

the percentage of neutrophils :

25 A.

V. 35

S. 45

D. 55

65 E.

334. In formula peripheral blood of healthy newborn 4-5 day life

percentage of lymphocytes is:

20 A.

Q. 25

S. 30

D. 45

60 E.

335. The child was born of Rh -conflict pregnancy. In the first days of life is made

blood .

Of the following should be considered a pathology:

A. Hemoglobin - 126 g / l erythrocytes - 4.8 1012 / L

B. reticulocytes - 3.6 % hematocrit - 53 %

C. White blood cells - 22h109 / l

336. The baby 3 month marked rise in temperature to 380 C. . nasal breathing

difficult, there is perioral cyanosis .

In the analysis of the blood of the following should be regarded as pathological :

A band neutrophils - 2%

V. Eosinophils - 1.5 :%

S. Segmented neutrophils - 63 %

D. Hematocrit - 39.7 %

337. For a healthy baby first days of life is characterized by the following

component of hemoglobin :

A 100 g / l

B. 120 g / l

C. 140 g / l

D. 160 g / l

E. 200 g / l

338. Child 7 years old complains of weakness. He has a low-grade fever ,

lymph nodes of all groups.

Of the following should attract the attention of a physician :

A. Lymphocytes - 63 %

B. Platelets - 190h109 / l

C. Color index - 0.9

D. reticulocytes - 8 0 %

339. With regard to urinary tract infections a child 3 years old received treatment

chloramphenicol . Produced by controlling blood test.

Anxiety doctor were the following blood parameters :

A. Erythrocytes - 2.9 1012 / L Hemoglobin - 81 g / l; leukocytes - 3.1 x 109 / l

B. Neutrophils - 42 %

C. Monocytes - 8 %

D. Lymphocytes - 48 %
E. All of the above

340. In full-term baby the first day of life is most likely number

reticulocytes ;

A 6-8 % 0

B. 9-11 % 0

C. 13-15 % 0

D. 16-18 % 0

E. 20% or more 0

341.U full-term infants in the first days of life, the most likely next

hematocrit :

A. Less than 20%

B. 20-29 %

C. 30-39 %

D. 40-50 %

E. More than 50%

342. A healthy full-term infants in the first days of life the percentage of neutrophils

accounting ;

25 A.

V. 35

S. 45

D. 55

65 E.

immune system

343. T and B cells are found in the following terms of embryonic development :

A 5 -6th week
B. 10 - week 12

Pp. 20 -21 -week

D. 25 - week 26

30 E. 32nd week

344. Physiological feature of the child of the first six months of life is :

A high concentration of IgG

B. High concentrations of serum IgM

C. Low concentrations of serum IgA

D. The low activity of the complement system

345.Utrata transplacental ( passive ) immunity determines the higher

the incidence of children aged:

A. Up to 3 months

B. Up to 6 months and

C. From the 6- month to 1.5 - 2 years

346. Children with primary deficiency of cellular immunity characterized by :

A tendency to fungal and viral diseases , systemic reactions to

immunization of live viral vaccines and BCG , a tendency to intracellular

accurate bacterial infections (tuberculosis , salmonellosis )

V.Sklonnost severe , purulent bacterial infections of the respiratory tract

and skin

C. Recurrent angioedemas

347. Primary immune deficiency in a child can be suspected :

A. Frequent SARS

B. Systemic reactions to vaccination with live vaccines

S. hyperergic Mantoux
D. Hyperthermic reactions after DTP vaccination

348. The cause of the symptoms of secondary immunodeficiency in children 5 years more

all served :

A. Conduct Mantoux test

B. Angioedema Angioedema

C. Influenza

D. Nerve arthritic type of anomaly constitution

349. The organs of the immune system include :

A. The thymus gland

B. Pancreas

S. Pituitary

D. Thyroid

350 . The factors of nonspecific protection include:

A Leading

B. Interferons

S. Immunoglobulins

D. Cytokines

351. At the first meeting with the antigen the first to appear :

A. IgA

V. IgG

C. IgM

D. IgE

352. In a secondary immune response, antibodies are synthesized class :

A. IgA

V. IgG
C. IgE

D. IgM

353. Cell-mediated immunity is provided by:

A. Reticulocytes

B. B-lymphocytes

C. Platelets

D. T- lymphocytes

354. Humoral immunity is provided by:

A. Neutrophils

B. B-lymphocytes

C. Platelets

D. T- lymphocytes

355. AIDS tend to all, except:

A. Reduction of the functions of the complement system

B. Violations of the phagocytic activity

C. High levels of IgA

D. Reduce the number of T -lymphocytes

356. Immune defense exercise :

A. Reticulocytes

B. Macrophages

S. Eosinophils

D. Platelets

357.Vtorichny immune deficiency may be accompanied by the following pathological

processes:

A. Infections of the urinary system

B. Neurogenic bladder dysfunction

S. nephritic syndrome

D. The nephrotic syndrome

358.Sposobnost fetus to produce antibodies appears on her pregnancy:

A 12-week

V. 20 weeks

C. for 30 weeks

359.Aktivnost complement the child reaches adult levels at the age of :

A. 1 month

B. 1 year

C. 5 years

D. 7 years

360. Low activity of phagocytosis of a newborn child shall determine:

A tendency to autoimmune diseases

B. The tendency to allergic reactions

C. The low antimicrobial protection

D. The low antiviral protection

361.Cherez placenta through the following immunoglobulins :

A. IgA

V. IgG

C. IgM

362. Methods to assess the state of cellular immunity :

A count of the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood

B. Count the number of B-lymphocytes

C. Count the number of reticulocytes

D. Determination of different immunoglobulin classes

363. Children with primary humoral deficiency is characterized :

A. Recurrent fungal disease

B. Recurrent angioedemas

C. Systemic reactions to vaccination with live vaccines and BCG

D. Severe purulent bacterial infection of the respiratory tract and skin ,

caused by pathogenic microflora

the senses

364. The most intensive growth of the eye occurs between the ages :

A. 1 month to 1 year

B. 1 year to 5 years

C. for 5 to 10 years

D. 10 to 15 years

365. Growth of the eye ends in :

A. 5-6 years

B. 7-9 years

C. 10-12 years

366. Ability to converge the eye begins to develop with :

A. 2 weeks

B. 1 month

C. 2 months

D. 4 months

367. Emotional response to lacrimation appears between:

A. 1 month

B. 3 months
C. 6 months

368. The maximum visual acuity observed in the aged:

A. 2 years

C. 3 years

C. 4 years

D. 6 years

369. Children are well differentiated color c:

A. 1 year

B. 3 years

C. 4 years

370 Swelling century is revealed in the following childhood infection :

A. Rubella

B. varicella

S. whooping cough

D. scarlet fever

371. Periorbital erythema accompanied by the following condition :

A. Glomerulonephritis

B. Scleroderma

S. polyarteritis nodosa

D. Dermatomyositis

372. One of the differential diagnostic criteria hyperglycemic coma

of hypoglycemic a variation of the organ of vision .

Of the following is characteristic of hyperglycemic coma :

A. Expansion of the pupils

B. anisocoria
C. The narrowing of the pupils

D. The lack of reaction of pupils to light

373. One of the consequences of severe paroxysmal cough of pertussis is :

A. Corneal ulceration

B. Lachrymation

C. Hemorrhage in the sclera

374. For allergic conjunctivitis in children is characterized by all except :

A. photophobia

B. Itch

S. lacrimation

D. Bleeding in the sclera

E. swelling of the eyelids and tissues paraorbital

375. Features of auditory perception in young children :

A. The inner ear is not sufficiently developed

B. The eardrum in newborns is much thinner than that of adults

C. The middle ear is not sufficiently developed

D. The Eustachian tube is short, broad and straight

376. Taste appear in a child with :

A. Birth

B. 3 months

C. 4-5 months

377. Pain threshold highest :

A. Babies

B. 6-12 months

C. 1-3 years
378. Since the birth of the child to the functioning prepared :

A. Hearing

B. Olfaction

C. Taste

D. Cortical and subcortical parts of the visual analyzer

E. All of the above

379. Frequent middle ear infections in children is facilitated by:

A. Short, broad auditory ( Eustachian ) tube

B. Short, narrow external auditory canal

C. A considerable thickness of the eardrum

D. The horizontal arrangement of the tympanic membrane

The endocrine system

380. Stunting with pituitary dwarfism is evident in :

A newborn period

B. 1 year

C. 3-4 years

381. In all of these pituitary hormones are synthesized , except for :

A. Growth Hormone

B. Vasopressin

S. Prolactin

D. Oxytocin

E. Adrenaline

382. When thyrotoxicosis in a child can be found all of the above except:

A. Irritability

B. Reduction of tendon reflexes

C. Symptom Graefe

D. Tremor

E. Symptom Mobius

383. For congenital hypothyroidism in a newborn baby is typical all, except:

A. Low birth weight

B. Prolonged jaundice

C. The deep voice

D. Weakening sucking reflex

E. Increase the level of TSH in the blood

384. For hyperthyroidism is characterized by:

A Chill

B. pretibial myxedema

C. Loss of appetite

D. Overweight

385. On palpation of the thyroid gland should ask the child :

A. Perform a full extension of the neck

B. Hold your breath

C. Turn the head first to one and then the other side

D. Lift the chin

E. Sit straight and at the request of a physician to make swallowing

386. On palpation of the isthmus of the thyroid gland to place the fingers :

A. Over the thyroid cartilage

B. Under the cartilage krikovidnym

C. Above the upper third of the trachea

D. In the jugular fossa

E. In the chin

387. Maximum functional activity of the parathyroid glands found in :

A. 1-2 years

B. Elder pre-preschool age

C. primary school age

D. prepubertal

E. puberty

388. Parathyroid hormone is a hormone antagonist following :

A thyroid-stimulating

B. calcitonin

S. Thyroxine

D. Cortisol

E. None of the above -mentioned

389. Parathyroid hormone has the following effects :

A. Inhibits the absorption of calcium from the intestine

B. Promotes bone resorption

C. reduces the reabsorption of calcium in the kidney tubules

D. Increases the reabsorption of phosphate

390. Clinical symptoms of hypoparathyroidism include all except:

A laryngospasm

B. fibrocystic osseita

S. bronchospasm

D. tonic convulsions

391. Mum of the girl 9 years drew attention to the fact that in recent years has become a subsidiary of

drink more fluids , often goes to the toilet , and even stands up for that night , which he had
was not. Lost weight despite a good appetite and complains of tiredness .

First of all, in this case, you should think about:

A. glomerulonephritis

B. cystitis

S. opistorhoze

D. Diabetes mellitus

E. autoimmune thyroiditis

392. The mother of a teenage girl 13 years notes that in recent years has become a very daughter

irritable and unbalanced , disturbed sleep (sleeps restlessly , often

wakes up ) , lost weight quickly began to tire. Complains of excessive sweating ,

heat intolerance , rumbling and occasional abdominal pain, increased stool to two

once a day. On examination, the doctor , the patient revealed tachycardia , tremor of the fingers ,

increase of tendon reflexes.

These symptoms should be seen as:

A. autonomic dysfunction

B. gastroduodenite

C. Chronic tuberculous intoxication

D. Hyperthyroidism

393. Among the causes of chronic primary adrenal insufficiency in children

the most common of these is below :

A. tumor

B. Tuberculosis

S. Autoimmune defeat

D. Congenital hypoplasia or aplasia

E. Amyloidosis
394. For congenital hypothyroidism is characterized by all except :

A. Birth weight over 4000g

B. Prolonged jaundice

C. Hyperthermia

D. lethargy, drowsiness

395. For the clinical picture of acute adrenal insufficiency is characterized by all

except for:

A severe weakness

B. abdominal pain

C. Diarrhea

D. weak pulse

E. hypokalemia

396. The manifestations of drug Cushing's syndrome include all except:

A. Osteoporosis

B. Myopathy

S. leukopenia, lymphocytosis

D. Delays growth

E. Violations of glucose tolerance

397. The biological effects of catecholamines include all except:

A. vasoconstriction

B. Increased blood pressure

C. Strengthening of gluconeogenesis

D. The suppression of lipolysis

398. For primary chronic adrenal insufficiency is characterized by all

except for:
A. Reduction of body weight

B. hypokalemia

C. Muscle weakness

D. Arterial hypotension

E. Hyperpigmentation

399. For the hypoglycemic state is characterized by all except :

A trembling of fingers

B. Extension of the pupils

C. The sharp overall weakness

D. Bradycardia

400 . For diabetes mellitus is characterized by all except :

A. hyperglycemia

B. glycosuria

S. Gipoketonemii

D. polyuria

E. polydipsia

401. The reason may be gipoinsulinizma all, except:

A. Chronic pancreatitis

B. hemochromatosis

S. Autoimmune insulitis

D. mumps

E. insuloma

402. In a study of a boy 15 years revealed the absence of secondary sexual

signs eunuchoid body type. Gonadotropic hormones level in blood

elevated testosterone - is reduced.

The first thing to think about:

A primary hypogonadism

V. The secondary hypogonadism

C. Delayed puberty

D. androgyny

403. In premature sexual development of puberty occurs :

A. The girls and boys at age 11

B. The girls at 10 years in boys at age 11

C. The girls and 9 years in boys and 10 years

D. The girls and boys up to 8 years

E. The girls up to 8 years of age, boys under 9 years

404. A child from the first physiological pregnancy , was born at term

41 weeks gestation , weighing 4150 g , length - 53 cm sluggish , retarded ,

rarely cries , sucks reluctantly. Later the discharge of meconium , a tendency to hypothermia.

The loss in weight of 480 g , the umbilical cord was no longer on the 8th day . When viewed from a 27
day

life revealed mild jaundice of the skin , muscle hypotonia , heart rate -

100 per minute.

A presumptive diagnosis:

A. Perinatal CNS

Congenital hepatitis B.

S. congenital adrenal hyperplasia

D. Congenital hypothyroidism

rearing

405. Child 6 months. Bottle-fed . Soft tissue turgor

somewhat reduced. Braves 4 -hour intervals between feedings . gets 4

times a mixture of " NAS -2" and once vegetable puree and grated apple .

The following recommendation for further nutrition at the moment:

A. You can not change the power

B. Enter the 2nd lure in the form of buckwheat

C. Enter the 2nd lure in the form of porridge

D. Enter the meat broth

406. The most adequate daily amount of food for a child 6 months:

A 500 g

C. 600 g

C. 700 g

D. 800g

E. 1000g

407. Absolute contraindication to breast-feeding is the following

mother's illness :

A. Viral hepatitis A

B. Dysentery

C. Congenital Heart Disease

D. Asthma

E None of the above

408. The child's mother one month appealed to the clinic because of its concern.

Feeding after 3.5 hours . Birthweight 3700g , viewed - 4000g . at

control feeding sucked 100.0 g, after which the mother to express her milk 20g .

In this case, the mother should be encouraged to :

A. Nothing has changed

B. Medication- stimulating lactation

C. The removal of the child to a free -feeding regimen

D. Supplementing donor milk

409. Baby is 4 months. Bottle-fed . The mother came to the clinic

to monitor its development. The child is healthy . Develops correctly.

The pediatrician recommends the introduction of the child first complementary foods :

A. 4 months

B. 5 months

C. 6 months

D. 7mesyatsev

410. Meat and vegetable canned injected into :

A. 5-5.5 months

B. 6-6.5 months

C. 7-7.5 months

D. 8 months

411. Canned meat introduced into the diet at the age of the child :

A. 6 months

B. 7 months

S. 8 months

D. 9 months

412. Child 2 weeks . The mother hypogalactition . The pediatrician recommends mothers to keep

breastfeeding and at the same time advises to stimulate lactation :

A. Reduce the intervals between feedings to 2.5 hours or less

V. express her milk residues

C. Refuse overnight break

D. Apply all of the above

413. Child 8 - week-old mother of 38 years, is nursed after 3.5 hours .

Sucks sluggish. In the evening hours between feedings any concerns . surplus

the mother's milk is not. Diagnosed with malnutrition 1 degree.

The leading cause of hypogalactia in particular woman :

A. Fluid restriction and carbohydrate intake during pregnancy

C. for 1 month of delivery before term by cesarean section

C. feeding her baby from the fifth day after birth

D. Age of mother

E. poor sucking child , no maternal express milk

414. This situation is suitable for the stimulation of lactation :

A. Breast-feeding at 3 and 2.5 hours

B. Phytotherapy mother

C. Nutrient mixture for pregnant and lactating like " AguMama ", " Milky

path ", etc.

D. Acupuncture

E. All of the above

415. Child 1 month. Healthy. Located on the natural feeding , sucking good

the mother's milk is enough. Gained weight 700g From birth, the child has an unstable

stools, 6-7 times a day , cutback , sometimes mixed with herbs, crumbs , water

spot.

Specify the most likely cause of the instability of the child's stool .

A staphylococcal enterocolitis

B. Coley infection

C. The relative lactase deficiency

D. overfeed
416. In this situation, should be encouraged to :

A. Antibiotic therapy

B. Bacteriological examination of milk and in the detection of flora - the refusal of

breastfeeding

C. Bacteriological examination of stool child

D. Introduction of a mixture of lactose free

E. Continued observation of the child

417. When you visit at the age of 2.5 months, psychomotor development of the child

appropriate to the age , put on weight for the second month in a 800 g sucks good milk from

mother is still enough. Chair 4-6 times per day, is unstable.

Your recommendations child at this time:

A. Dairy adapted formulas

B. Curd

S. Probiotics

D. Do not change

418. Child is 6 months. Healthy. Preserved exclusively breastfeeding .

A child can be recommended:

A. Broth

B. The milk porridge

C. for Canned fish- plant basis

D. Kefir

419. Child 1 month. The mother hypogalactition . Toddler not put on weight.

Leading pediatrician recommendation in this situation :

A. Conduct a control feeding

B. Change the diet of mother

S. decant after each feeding milk residues

D. Increase the number of feedings to 8-10 times

420. In premature infants with birth unstable chair , 10-12 times a day. age

1 month. On breastfeeding . Psychomotor and physical development

appropriate to the age and degree of prematurity. Revealed transient lactase

failure.

In this situation, it is necessary:

A. Add to each lactation lactose-free mixture

V. 2-3 breast feeding substitute for sour-milk mixture

C. Add to each feed enzyme " lactase -baby "

421. In children older than one year should be used for cooking porridge:

A. Whole cow's milk

B. Milk mixture , referred to the number 1 ( for example, " National Academy of Sciences 1 ")

S. Dairy mixture , denoted the number 2 (for example, "NAN 2")

D. Milk mixture , denoted by number 3 (for example, "NAN 3 ")

422 The positive effect on the digestion of an infant during the period

physiological maturation of enzyme systems has its own female

milk because of :

A predominance of fine proteins

Q. Well emulsified fat

C. The increase in the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids

D. High levels of lipase

E. all of the above

423. Child 1 month. Body weight 4 kg. Because of the flat nipples takes a bad chest and feeds

your expressed breast milk .

During the day, it must suck to take the weight of the body :

A. 450-500 ml

V. 550-600 ml

S. 650-700 ml

AD 750-800 ml

E. 850-900 ml

424. Breastfeeding a premature baby if he has a sucking and

swallowing reflexes possible with minimum body mass :

A. 1300g

B. 1800s

C. 2200g

D. 2500g

425. In a breastfeeding mother 's body temperature 37.30 C, diarrhea, vomiting single .

Need to address the issue of feeding 2- month-old baby .

Of the following is the most rational way for a child (subject to the

all the necessary sanitary measures ) :

A. The donor milk

B. made milk

C. Maternal expressed breast ( unpasteurized ) milk

D. Maternal expressed breast ( UHT ) milk

E. Continue breastfeeding

426. My child is 3 months. Over the last month gained weight 500g. Fed 6 times

breasts, sucking on a 50 ml kefir supplementation on 80-90 ml .

Specify only correct advice on nutrition of the child :

A. You can not change the power

B. Translate to 5 meals a day feeding

C. Replace the yogurt mixture adapted primary

D. Enter juices and fruit puree

427. Child 6 months to routine inspection by a doctor. and psychomotor

physical development of children rated as good . Natural feeding .

Need advice on nutrition.

The pediatrician recommends the introduction of solid foods in the form of :

A. Vegetable Puree

B. Milk porridge

C. Meat canned

D. Kefir

428. The child 6 months against SARS originated obstructive syndrome .

Sensitizing effect on his body in the first place could have :

A. Apple juice with 4 months

V. Vegetable broth instead of drinking from 2 months

C. Sour milk mixture " Laktofidus "

D. Dairy semolina from 4 months

429. Baby 5 months of breast- feeding. Weight redundant. The tendency to

constipation.

The first step is :

A. Add the carrot juice

B. Post lure porridge

C. Enter the vegetable puree

D. Include in the diet of cooked meat sauce

430. Child is 6 months. Bottle-fed . Suffers from constipation .

The first feeding in the best situation to enter:

A. The milk porridge

B. porridge with vegetable broth

C. Vegetable Puree

E. Cheese

E. Kefir

431. Baby is 4 months. With the birth of his unstable chair , there are signs of moderate

expressed atopic dermatitis. There was a need for translation into art

tively feeding.

In this situation, the best order:

A sour-milk mixture to adapt to all feeding

B. Solid yogurt

C. soya blend

D. A mixture with a high degree of protein hydrolysis

E. adapt the sour-milk mixture in combination with the physiological

" Home ", "initial" mixture

432. Family doctor talks to pregnant women about the benefits

breastfeeding .

From the scientific data on which the doctor stopped all true , except :

A. Lack of protein overload in breastfed

B. A higher concentration of immune factors in the protection of women's

milk

C. The predominance of carbohydrates breast milk lactose

D. A high compared to cow's milk the concentration of sodium , iron,

E. A high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in breast

milk

433. At the nursing mother of 2- week-old baby 's body temperature rose to 37.50 C.

There was a seal of the breast . Diagnosed lactostasis .

Of the following recommendations is true all, except:

A. express her milk residues

B. Continue to breastfeed, where there is no seal

C. Do not breast-feed , which provides a seal

D. Conduct a course of acupuncture

E. Appoint a special " decant " massage of the breast

434. Young mother went to the doctor with a complaint that her healthy baby 2

months of not eating ( sucks very active for 5-7 minutes and then falls asleep at the breast ) .

After the feeding is possible to decant a few drops of milk. baby

sucks on average 130.0 - 140.0 g of breast milk for feeding ( feeding 6 times a

day). Its weight is 5000 g ( 3500 g at birth ) .

How to assess the adequacy of breastfeeding ?

A little milk , need the stimulation of lactation

B. Milk enough to add nothing

C. The milk is not enough , add milk mixture .

435. A child as young as 2 months transferred to artificial feeding

adapted milk formulas .

In this situation, the following is correct dietary recommendations :

A. Reduce the number of feedings per

B. Increase calorie intake by 10-15 %

C. In the future, introduce solid foods earlier than under natural

feeding
D. adhere to the same rules as when breastfeeding

436. The optimal amount of dairy day for children 1-3 years

A.1000 -900 ml

V. 800-700 ml

C. 600 ml of

D. 500 ml

437. Absolute contraindication to breastfeeding is the following

mother's illness :

A. Mastitis

B. Tuberculosis

C. Congenital Heart Disease

D. SARS

E. Acute mental illness

438. Child 8.5 months. Fed 5 times a day 3 times the mother's breast , 1 - milk porridge ,

1 - vegetables with meat sauce. Gets fruit puree , juice , egg yolk.

The diet of the child should have to enter:

A. Broth

V. Fishery products canned vegetable

C. Cow's milk

439. When visiting a children's clinic at the age of 2 months baby weight 4800 g

( 3300 g at birth ) . On breastfeeding . Nothing but breast milk

does not receive.

The pediatrician recommends:

A. Enter fruit juice

B. Add cottage cheese

C. Enter the egg yolk

D. Enter supplementation adapted mixture

E. Nothing has changed

440. The child was 2 months old . Weight its age exceeds 10%. suffers

constipation . It became necessary to appoint one or two feeding infant formula

because the mother hypogalactia

You might prefer an adapted mix:

A. Soy

B. fermente

C. Physiological fresh

DA low-lactose

E. Partial degree of hydrolysis of the protein

441. The physician must decide on the possibility of breastfeeding mothers

newborn.

Of the following is an absolute contraindication to breast-

feeding is :

A. pilorospazme

B. S degree of Prematurity

C. Tuberculosis in the mother

D. Intracranial hemorrhage

E. All of the above

442. In modern conditions is the leading cause of hypogalactia :

A. Regulation of breastfeeding

B. Violation of the power feeding woman

C. Older age lactating women

D. The health nursing women

E. Physical activity in lactating women

443. Of the following are all true , except :

A. Human milk is rich in immune bodies

B. human milk protein is more than bovine

C. In human milk several times higher unsaturated fatty acids than

in cow

D. In human milk gland is smaller than the adapted milk mixtures

E. human milk contains less sodium than bovine

444. Enter the energy value of human milk ( 1 liter )

A. 450-500 kcal

V. 550-600 kcal

S. 650-700 kcal

AD 750-800 kcal

445. Comparison of protein, fat , carbohydrate in human milk include :

A. 1:1:1

B. 1:2:4

C. 1:1:3

D. 1:3:4

E. 1:3:6

446. Child 1.5 months . Birth weight 3300 g, at the present time - 4200 , the

Breastfeeding mothers after 3.5 hours . Recently, the child became restless, not

withstands intervals between feedings . Remnants of mother's milk is not.

The most rational for correcting the power of this child :

A. After each breast feeding adapted to add fresh mixture

B. adapted to finish feeding dairy mixture

C. Transfer of feeding 3 hours

447. Child 6.5 months. Psychomotor and physical development of age-appropriate .

On breastfeeding . In addition to breast milk gets juices , fruit and

vegetable puree , egg yolk , cereals .

The diet of the child should be added :

A. Kefir

B. Broth

C. Meat and vegetable preserves

D. Do not add

448. The first solid foods in the form of vegetable monopyure begin in 4-6 months.

Less allergenic and better absorbed :

A. Zucchini

B. Carrots

C. Peas

D. Potatoes

449. Child 2 months of bottle-fed . Suffers from constipation ,

flatulence , regurgitation .

It is preferable for the following mixture :

A. Soy

B. Initial physiological fresh

C. Follow- physiological fresh

Sour milk adapted D.

E. antireflux like " Frisovom "

450. The child 6 months who is bottle-fed ,

periodically allergic skin rash .

The child is better to assign the following mess :

A gluten-free

B. The milk semolina

C. The cream of the vegetable broth

D. Oat

451. The baby of 8 months often experience an allergic skin rash .

The child is better to assign the meat :

A. Beef

B. Pork

C. Veal

452. In severe allergic infants recommended dairy food, but

necessarily with the correction of animal protein in the form of the following meat foods :

A. Turkey

V. lean pork

C. Rabbit

D. Konin

E. all of the above

453. A child of 3 months on artificial feeding . A few days ago,

transferred to a mixture of " Similac with iron ." After 3 days after it appeared moderately

pronounced symptoms of atopic dermatitis.

Your tactic to further infant feeding :

A. Leave the mixture and observe the child

B. Cancel the mixture and set soy

C. The partially replace this mixture adapted dairy

D. Cancel the mixture and set in equal proportions adapted

lactic acid , and other physiological

454. Child 1 month. Bottle-fed . expressed clinic

pylorospasm .

The child is better to assign a mixture of :

A. Soy

B. Adapted sour milk

C. The amino acid ( such as " Neocate ")

D. antireflux (like " Frisovom 1 ")

455. Child is 6 months. Bottle-fed . Gets 3 times

physiological fresh mix of " NAS - 2" , a vegetable and fruit purees , juices, cereal.

Physical development is age appropriate . Tendency to constipation .

That child can recommend:

A. Leave the mixture "NAS - 2"

B. Replace it partly on yogurt

C. Replace it partly to cow's milk

D. Replace it partly on a mixture containing lactulose

456. If bottle-fed children have a protein overload.

This facilitates :

A SECONDARY obesity during puberty

B. The deceleration rate of biological maturation

457. In children older than one year of age digestibility of protein from meat, bread , cereals without
vegetables

is 70%.

When you receive vegetables :

A percentage does not change

B. 60 %

C. 75 %

D. 85 %

458. The optimal duration of breastfeeding , subject to terms of introduction of complementary foods

A. Up to 8-10 months

B. Up to 1 year

C. Up to 1.5 years

D. Up to 2-3 years

E. Do not interrupt lactation until it is extinguished

459. If a child suffers from allergies , it is best to start complementary feeding porridge:

A. Rice

B. Manna

C. Oat

D. " Assorted "

460. All of the following reasons reduce the incidence of breast feeding in

modern conditions. But one is the lead :

A. Adverse health of future mothers

B. Pathological during pregnancy and childbirth

C. Environmental risks

D. Lack of health education of the population

E. Adverse socio- economic conditions

461. Child 1 month. The mother during pregnancy has been anemic. on an artificial

feeding. Gets a mixture of " National Academy of Sciences 1 ." There are signs of moderate

atopic dermatitis.

Your recommendation :
A. Leave the mixture in the absence of increase of allergic rashes

B. Decreasing the volume of the mixture to 50% and adapted to add

sour-milk mixture

C. The partially replace this mixture on soybean

D. Replace mixture with a high degree of protein hydrolysis

463. After 2 weeks , despite the change of food allergic changes are continuing

increase ( oozing , redness , rash almost all over the body). Worsened chair .

It is necessary:

A. Go to the mixture with a partial degree of hydrolysis of the protein

C. Continue to mix with a high degree of protein hydrolysis

C. Go to the amino acid mixture

464. 1 month baby , who suffers from severe allergies to cow's milk , translated into

mixture " Alfaro " ( with a high degree of protein hydrolysis .) Several days later a marked

improvement.

It is necessary:

A. Leave to stand , " Alfaro " before the introduction of complementary foods at 5 months

B. Leave to stand , " Alfaro " for 3-4 weeks and then replace it with a mixture of soy to 5

months

C. Leave to stand , " Alfaro " as a staple food (with an introduction

weaning age ) 1 year

D. Replace the mixture " Alfaro " adapted to the physiological mixture

E. Leave to stand , " Alfaro " for 3-4 weeks and then it will gradually displace

mixture and degree of partial protein hydrolysis

465. In the phylogeny of nursing lactose has taken the place of the dominant

carbohydrate for infants because of:

A. Lactose is indispensable for plastic processes of formation of brain tissue

newborn

B. High levels of lactose is correlated with the duration of a person's life

C. The leading role in meeting the energy needs of the newborn

belongs lactose

466. From 5 months recommend a specially prepared in an industrial environment

meat sauce in the following situations :

A. Upon receipt of mixtures based on protein hydrolyzate

B. Upon receipt of fermented mixtures

C. When receiving mixtures of goat milk

D. In the early allergic reactions

467. In the first days of life milk mixture to appoint carefully, especially

premature babies , because they are:

A. Promote the development of esophagitis

B. Promote constipation

C. Often cause allergic reactions

D. Do not contribute to weight gain sufficient

468. Breast feeding provides the child :

A slowing of motor activity

B. The slowdown of mental development

C. Slow biological maturation

D. None of the above

469. Less allergenic baby porridge following :

A. Manna

B. Corn
C. Oatmeal

470. Less allergenic baby :

A. Konin

B. Veal

C. Beef

471. Early administration of juice leads to all named below changes. but the main

they :

A. It turns allergenic Influence of children during the first months of life

B. Promote the development of dysbiosis

C. Cause vomiting in children during the first months of life

D. stimulates gastric acid secretion and increase acidity

472. Currently, children under 1 year do not recommend whole cow's milk , as

it is:

AA contains less protein than a mixture of

B. Promotes deficiency of zinc, copper, iron

C. It contains more whey than casein

473. Of the following affects trace element status of the baby :

A. Admission of mineral- vitamin complex pregnant only during the spring-

winter

B. Artificial feeding with formula milk adapted

C. The lure of industrial products manufacturing

474. Exacerbation of atopic dermatitis in children in the first years of life can cause ,

mainly proteins :

A. Pork

B. gluten-free cereal
C. Cow's milk

D. Konin

475. When fed only breast milk after 6 months of developing

Iron deficiency anemia because:

A. The protein breast milk begins to prevail over the casein whey

protein

B. By this time, breast milk is formed deficiency of zinc, copper, iron

C. Not enough ascorbic acid - a catalyst for the absorption

gland

476. Transient lactase deficiency occurs in newborns significantly

more often than the lack of activity maltase , sucrase , isomaltase , because:

A. breastmilk few lactase enzyme in comparison with maltase , sucrase

C. Lactase is localized in the distal part of the villi of the intestinal epithelium , so

any damaging effect on the intestinal mucosa causes

change its level

C. In newborns there is a marked functional immaturity

pancreas

477. Mother's breast does not need to process before feeding the baby because :

A. The skin of the breast is covered with lactobacilli

B. Treatment of breast cancer ( in the form of wash ) promotes the formation of cracks

478. The share of animal protein in the diet of infants is

(percentage )

A. 40-50

V. 50-60

S. 60-70
D. 70-80

E. About 90

The pathology of early age

disease of the newborn

Perinatal CNS

479. For late- term complications birth injuries of the cervical

spine characterized all, except:

A. Vertigo

B. Voltage neck and neck

S. slouch

D. Krivoshein with tilt head

E. athetosic hyperkinetic muscles of hands

480. The main reasons for the formation of ADHD ( attention deficit

Hyperactivity Disorder )

A. Genetic Factors

B. Psychosocial factors

S. Undiagnosed PPTSNS

D. All of the above

481. The most frequent outcome of perinatal CNS :

A. Chronic physical illness

B. Cerebral Palsy

S. Epilepsy

D. Minimum cerebral dysfunction

E. Mental retardation

482. If the damage is lower spinal cord at birth can be observed all
except for:

A flaccid tetraparesis

B. Lower flaccid paraparesis

S. " Frog Pose "

D. Periodic penile erection

E. " calcaneal stop"

483. For late- term complications birth injuries of the cervical

spine characterized all, except:

A voltage protection neck and neck

V. " pterygium blades "

C. Cervical osteochondrosis

D. nocturnal enuresis

E. Headache

484. For late- term complications of lumbar birth injuries

spine characterized all, except:

A nocturnal enuresis

B. O- shaped curvature of the legs

C. Impotence

D. Violations of the reproductive system

E. Children's Cerebral Palsy

485 . The main provision in the reduction of infant mortality :

A. Improving prenatal diagnosis

B. Family Planning Programme

C. Decision of social programs

D. Reducing the number of abortions

E. All of the above

486. The most common birth injury spine :

A. Rupture of the intervertebral discs

B. The gap spinal cord

S. vertebrobasilar ischemia

D. Separation of the vertebral body

E. Epidural hematoma

487. The most unfavorable prognostic pathologic

neurological symptoms in the newborn :

A. Vertical nystagmus

B. Symptom Graefe

C. Symptom oppression a term baby for 3 weeks

D. The muscular hypotonia a term baby in 1 month

488. Infant mortality in Russia currently stands :

A. 4-10 % 0

B. 11-16 % 0

C. 17-25 % 0

489. If the damage of the cervical spinal cord at birth is observed all except :

A. Symptom "short neck "

B. diaper rash soak in neck folds

S. spastic paresis in the hands of

D. Neurogenic torticollis

E. Osteogenic torticollis

490. Vegetative- visceral dysfunction occurring during the perinatal

porazheniiTsNS , often lead to:

A recurrent disease of the respiratory system

B. gastrointestinal dysfunction

C. Early atherosclerosis

D. Allergic Diseases

E. all of the above

491. The most unfavorable prognostic pathologic

neurological symptoms in the newborn :

A. Too much tone of the extensor muscles

B. Hypertonus flexor

C. The horizontal nystagmus

D. The intense look

E. hyporeflexion

492. The girl from the 1st pathologically leaky pregnancy , premature

rapid delivery on 34 -35th week. She was born in asphyxia , Apgar score 4-5

points. Serious condition after birth , skin cyanotic , with

" Marble pattern ." Arrhythmic breathing with indrawing of intercostal spaces ,

tachypnea . Heart sounds , tachycardia, structurally unstable systolic murmur .

The monotonous cry , convulsive readiness , vertical nystagmus , a symptom of " setting

Sun ", krupnorazmashisty tremor of the limbs. In the analysis of blood 15h109 / l leukocytes.

The most likely diagnosis following :

A. Meningitis

B. Congenital heart disease

S. Perinatal CNS

D. Fetal pneumonia

493. The most informative study to confirm the diagnosis in this

child:

A spinal puncture

B. Chest X-ray

C. Ultrasound of the heart

D. Neurosonography

E. Bronhografiya

494. Perinatal CNS damage in the structure of neonatal morbidity

is ( in percent) :

A. Less than 10

V. 10-20

S. 21-30

D. 31-40

E. More than 40

495 . Child 1 year . Born with cord entanglement around the stem , weighing 4300 g , in the fall . In

Currently, weight 9000 g. At an early artificial feeding . From birth

unstable chair : the first 2 months thinned , frequent, followed by persistent constipation . often

SARS was ill , and therefore the rare walk on air .

The primary cause of eating disorders in the child :

A. Early artificial feeding

B. Perinatal CNS

C. The unstable chair from birth

D. Repeated SARS in the winter- spring period

E. Lack of exposure to the air

496. According to current data rate of ADHD ( attention deficit

Hyperactivity Disorder) in schoolchildren :

A. 1-10%

B. 11-20 %

C. More than 20%

497. At birth, diagnosed perinatal lesion of the central nervous

system. Currently child 2 months. He is restless , growing muscle

hypertension, expressed marbling of the skin .

Determine the tactics of the patient:

A massage , gymnastics

B. Nootrops

S. Angioprotectors

D. All of the above

498. Baby 1,5 month , ill SARS Day 2 , the body temperature 37.30 C. Lies with the distribution

and throw the legs extended . No resistance during passive movements ,

head in an upright position does not hold . He was born prematurely , weighing 2200g .

Currently, weight 2550g .

Specify the most likely cause of muscular hypotonia :

A. Rickets

Meningitis B.

S. Prematurity

D. Perinatal CNS

499. A child of healthy young parents, from 5 pregnancy proceeds without

features ( first 4 finished medical abortion on a woman's request ) .

Delivery in time. Weight 2800 g , length 52 cm cried at once , was discharged from the hospital on the
5th day.

At the age of 1 month there is concern . The doctor revealed gipertnus muscles, ankle jerk ,

sweeping pendulum hand tremor . Mother complains of frequent regurgitation with

first days of life. Weight to one month in the life 3300

Your initial diagnosis :

A. Pyloric stenosis

B. Perinatal CNS

C. Rickets

500 . In the structure of neonatal morbidity 1st place is :

A. Sepsis

B. Congenital malformations

S. Pneumonia

D. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

E. Perinatal CNS

501. A child born at 32 weeks of pregnancy, in the first days of life marked

hypotonia and hyporeflexia , seizures and periodic bouts of asphyxia

bradycardia , flatulence , projectile vomiting with bile , unstable chair . In

analysis of blood leukocytes 15h109 \ l .

The most likely cause dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract in this

child:

A. Perinatal CNS

The purulent meningitis B.

C. Sepsis

D. Enterocolitis

E. malformation of the gastrointestinal tract ( pyloric stenosis )

502. The boy was admitted under the supervision of clinic at the age of 1 month. born from

pregnancy , which was preceded by an abortion. The present pregnancy was

threatened miscarriage , anemia. He was born at the time and asphyxia. Artificially nourished ,
adapted milk formula.

Which of the following is primarily threatened by a child?

A. Dystrophy

B. Anemia

C. Rickets

D. Minimum cerebral dysfunction

503. On examination, the child , transferred from the hospital to the Department of Pathology

infants at the age of 10 days, the marked decrease in appetite , a significant decline

body weight, subikterichnost - marble skin color , casual

crepitus over the light back on both sides , muscular hypertension , rigidity

neck, periodic jerking of the hands, a symptom of " setting

Sun ", " brain cry . " In the analysis of blood leukocytes 12h109 / l. A child from the first

pregnancy.

In the child is most likely the following diagnosis :

A. Meningitis

B. Perinatal CNS

C. Sepsis

D. Fetal pneumonia

504. For diagnostic purposes, the child must be made first of

red :

A. " Advanced " blood test

B. neurosonography

C. Determine the blood group and Rh factor baby

D. lumbar puncture

E. Determine the level of bilirubin in the blood

505. A child of ten days. Donoshen . Myself does not suck . Periodically, restless,

regurgitation , a muscular hypotonia , tremor , congenital unconditioned reflexes

reduced. Leather subikterichnost . Mother of 38 years old, healthy , pregnancy, second , first childbirth
at

41st week of pregnancy. The child was born with a 2- fold cord entanglement around

neck. Cried out at once.

The most likely diagnosis is :

A. Pyloric stenosis

B. Sepsis

Meningitis C.

D. Perinatal CNS

506. First of all, the child should be assigned :

A. Surgical treatment

B. High doses of antibiotics

S. Nootrops , angioprotektory

507. For the vegetative- visceral disorders in the perinatal CNS involvement

characterized by:

A. Violation of the microcirculation

B. Gastrointestinal dyskinesia

C. The lability of the cardiovascular system

D. All of the above

508. The worst in prognogsticheskom against pathological

vrologichesky symptom in novororzhdennyh :

A. Seizures

B. The symptom of " setting sun "

C. Vertical nystagmus
509. The most easy-to- prognogsticheskom against abnormal neurologic

symptom in novororzhdennyh :

A. Vertical nystagmus

B. The symptom of " setting sun "

C. Tremor chin

510. Child 4 -day , full-term . On examination, lethargic, does not itself sucks

regurgitates , leather subikterichnost - cyanotic , there is a pendulum-like tremor of the hands ,

hyporeflexia , distinct muscular hypertension in the legs, a symptom of " setting sun "

liver extend below the costal margin 2 cm Delivery in breech presentation ,

water moved in 18 hours .

The most likely diagnosis is :

A. Perinatal CNS

Meningitis B.

S. Pyloric stenosis

D. Sepsis

511.Somaticheskie violations predominate in the perinatal CNS involvement cl

subsequent severity :

A. Light

B. Central

C. Heavy

512. The child was born in the breech position , with a mass of 4500 g. During the first examination

noticed that the right hand rests along the body , the shoulder is reduced and rotated inward,

Brush in a position palmar flexion .

You can think of :

A. Malformations of the skeletal system

B. Natal injury of the cervical spinal cord

S. osteomyelitis

D. Fractures of the clavicle

513. Vegetative- visceral dysfunction in combination with hypertension- hydrocephalic

syndrome ( in the perinatal CNS involvement ) is most often contribute to

Further development of the following diseases :

A. dyskinesia and gastrointestinal dysfunction

VA Epilepsy

S. of cerebral palsy

D. Mental retardation

E. All of the above

514. The consequences of vegetative- visceral disturbances in combination with hypertension-

hydrocephalic syndrome with perinatal lesions of the central nervous system most often

differentiated with the following diseases :

A. rickets

B. pyloric stenosis

C. Sepsis

D. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

515. Child 20 days. He was born at term . Diagnosis: perinatal CNS .

Which of the following , noted during the inspection should be considered as

physiological phenomenon ?

A. Reduction of physical activity

B. Inhibition of neonatal congenital unconditioned reflexes

C. The muscular hypotonia

D. Do not hold your head in an upright position

E. poor sucking in good lactation

516. A child from the first pregnancy occurring with kidney disease , birth in time , fast,

weight 3500 g , length 53 cm At the age of 6 days marked restlessness ,

tremor of the extremities, intense eyes , frequent copious vomiting , marbling

skin, heart rate 148/min . The liver performs under the costal margin of 2 cm

Chair unstable , prone to constipation. Bottle-fed . In the mass is not

adds . The mother diffuse toxic goiter, she gets tireostaticheskim

therapy.

The most likely diagnosis is :

A. Pyloric stenosis

B. Sepsis

S. Perinatal CNS

D. Neonatal transient thyrotoxicosis

517. When the perinatal CNS lesions in term infants

naiboleeneblagopriyatny prognostic pathologic

neurological symptom :

A. Too much tone of the extensor muscles

B. Symptom Graefe

C. Tremor of hands and chin

D. The horizontal nystagmus

518. When the perinatal CNS involvement are more common following

Clinical manifestations:

A. Mental retardation

B. Cerebral Palsy

S. Spastic syndrome
D. The syndrome of vegetative- visceral disorders

519. What percentage of CNS diseases in children is the result of

perinatal pathology ?

A. 20-30

V. 31-50

C. More than 50

520. Specify the possible consequences of perinatal CNS :

A. Headache

B. Chronic diseases of the digestive system

S. Neurogenic torticollis

D. The early development of atherosclerosis

E. All of the above

521. Of the following are least likely to occur following the residual effects

perinatal CNS :

A. Cervical osteochondrosis

B. gastrointestinal dysfunction and dyskinesias

C. Minimal brain dysfunction

D. Mental retardation

E. Headache

522. When the perinatal CNS involvement in the form of cerebral ischemia 1 degree F

most often develops further :

A. Mental retardation

B. Decompensated hydrocephalus

C. Cerebral Palsy

D. Symptomatic cramps
E. None of the above

523. When the perinatal CNS involvement in the form of cerebral ischemia 1 degree F

most often develops further :

A. autonomic disorder of the autonomic nervous system

B. hyperactive behavior , hyperexcitability

C. delayed motor development

D. All of the above

524. The health status of the newborn is determined by prenatal development and

the passage of the act of birth . Of fetal development is dependent on :

A. 40 %

B. 60 %

C. 80 % or more

525. Neonatal screening is performed on all of the hereditary

disease , except for:

A. phenylketonuria

B. Congenital hypothyroidism

S. adrenal syndrome

D. Cystic fibrosis

E. Kartagener Syndrome

526. Development of intracranial hemorrhage in neonates helps

increase in cerebral blood flow velocity , which occurs when :

A pneumothorax

B. cramps

C. SDR ( respiratory distress syndrome ) , sleep apnea

D. Long -functioning ductus arteriosus

E. All of the above is true

527. A significant increase in cerebral blood flow velocity observed in:

A. The Rise of pCO2

B. rapid introduction of colloidal solutions

C. The Decline of pO2

D. hypernatremia ( rapid introduction of sodium bicarbonate )

E. All of the above is true

528. Girl 8 years pass medical examinations . The child studied ballet

The doctor stated that the girl suffered natal trauma of the cervical

backbone.

This conclusion led to the following symptoms :

Pressure of the neck- muscles zatylochnyz

B. Wasting supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles

C. The increase in passive movements of the upper limbs

D. Rekurvatsiya the elbow

E. All of the above

premature

529. The child was born with a weight of 2200 g , length 45 cm

Which of the anthropometric indicators listed below are most likely

will meet him at the age of 1 year with proper development?

A. Increased growth of up to 82 cm, weight 5 times

B. Image rising to 75 cm, weight 5 times

C. Image rising to 75 cm, weight of 4 times

530. For healthy preterm infants is characterized by:

A. In the physical and mental development compared with full-term

peers about the same time - about 3-6 years

B. physical development compared with full-term peers about 3-6

years in the mental - are lagging behind in the 1st year for 1.5-2 months , and finally

compared

by the end of the 2nd year of life

C. Virtually no lag behind their peers in any term mental nor

physical development from birth

531. Prematurely born children in our country are ( in percentage):

A. 5-10

V. 11-15

S. 16-20

532.Deti with nednoshennostyu P -III degree of " catching up " in the mental development of their

peers born at term , the following ages :

A. By the end of the 1st year of life

B. By the end of the 2nd year of life

C. 4-5 years

533. A child from a young healthy woman , was born at 36 weeks of pregnancy weight

2400 g , length 46 cm cried at once . Apgar score of 9 points .

The child next degree of prematurity :

A. I

V. II

C. III

D. IV

534. Since prematurity is not connected :

A. Soft ears
B. The relatively large head

C. rich vellus hair growth

D. The liver protruded from under the costal margin of 2.5 cm

535. The child was born with a birth weight 1500 g , length 40 cm

The favorable development of the child will have :

A. The turn from stomach to back in 5 months

B. The doubling of body weight to 5 months

C. Body length 65-67 cm by the year

536.Dlya newborn premature baby breathing characterized by the following :

A weakened vesicular

B. Vesicular

S. Puerilnoe

D. Hard

537. In the maternity ward woman came with a generic activity , never

observed in the antenatal clinic. In her words , childbirth in her 29th week

pregnancy. Weight 1300 g baby , length 38 cm

In this child, the degree of prematurity following :

A. I

V. II

C. III

D. IV

538. A child of healthy young parents, from the 1st pregnancy. proceeds without

complications. At 30 weeks of pregnancy a woman suffered a severe flu

form. Births at 31 weeks of gestation . Birth weight 1630 g , length 40 cm

Muscle tone is dramatically reduced.

At the next level of the child nednoshennosti :

A. I

V. II

C. III

D. IV

539. Premature infants in the first 2 weeks of life may be considered as

manifestations of immaturity :

A. Non-permanent squint and a fine horizontal nystagmus ( when changing

position)

V. The muscular hypotonia

S. Melkoamplitudny chin and hand tremor

D. hyporeflexion

E. All of the above

540. At 6 weeks premature children with perinatal CNS marked

hypotonia and hyporeflexia , intense gaze , horizontal nystagmus at

change in head position , pulse 160 per minute , sometimes up to 5 seconds of apnea .

Prematurity can explain everything, except :

A. apnea

V. Pulse 160 min.

C. The horizontal nystagmus

D. The muscular hypotonia and hyporeflexia

E. Verntikalnogo nystagmus

541.Nedonoshennye children " catch up " on the physical development of their peers ,

born in the period between:

A. About 1 year
B. 1-2 years

C. 3-6 years

D. 7-10 years

542. Deep premature baby at the age of 20 days , who had a body mass at ro

Suppress 1350 g , transferred to the department of pathology of the newborn. It easily cools

sluggish , weight 1200 grayish skin color . Heart sounds . Tachycardia .

Breathing weakened , unstable krepitiruyuschie wheezing over the area of the heart,

hepatosplenomegaly . Severe hyporeflexia , hypotonia , seizure

twitching, ankle jerk .

Of the following extremely premature due to:

A. Hepatosplenomegaly

B. hyporeflexia , hypotonia

C. Changes in the lung

D. ankle jerk

543. Of the following as identified on the child , can not be explained

prematurity :

A gray skin color

B. Changes in the central nervous system

C. Body weight 1200 g for the 20th day of life

D. Changes in the bronchopulmonary system

E. All of the above

544. What percentage of deaths in the neonatal period accounted for

premature at the average statistics ?

A. Up to 20

V. 20-40
S. 41-60

D. More than 60

545. Child 6 days , prematurity ( birth weight 1900 g ) .

Prematurity can be explained by :

A moderate muscular hypotonia

B. hyporeflexion

C. Violation of thermoregulation

D. apnea and 5 seconds

E. All of the above

546 . Deep premature baby at the age of 20 days , who had a body mass at

1360 g birth , transferred to the department of pathology of the newborn.

Of the following as identified during the inspection , it is possible to explain the deep

prematurity :

A. Most and wide eyes

B. Symptom " setting sun "

C. Hand Jerking

D. The muscular hypotonia and hyporeflexia

E. All of the above

547. Woman during pregnancy in women's clinic was not observed . weight

child's birth 1500 g , length 40 cm

In this child have the following degree of prematurity :

A. I

V. II

C. III

D. IV
548. A newborn premature baby weight 2200 g , length 44 cm

By one year of age will increase in body weight :

A. 2.5-3 times

B. 4-5

C. 6 times

549. Examined newborns with perinatal CNS . born

prematurely at 6 weeks.

Prematurity can be explained by :

A. Sleep apnea and 5 seconds

V. Pulse 160 per minute

C. The horizontal nystagmus with a change of position

D. The muscular hypotonia and hyporeflexia

E. All of the above

550. Gestational age is unknown. Weight of newborn 1900 , length 44 cm

Of the following is detected during the inspection , it is possible to explain

prematurity following:

A. The abundance of vellus hair

B. Open the small fontanelle

C. The weak intensity of the subcutaneous fat layer

D. The disproportionate body

E. All of the above

551. 6 days child was born 6 weeks early . There are signs of defeat

CNS.

Prematurity can be explained by :

A. Open Eyes
B. moderate muscular hypotonia and hyporeflexia

Pulse 190 C. per minute, respiratory rate 78 per minute

D. Vertical nystagmus

E. All of the above

552. For a premature newborn baby is characterized by the following

signs except:

A. Abundant lanugo hair

B. Soft ears

C. Open the small fontanelle

D. Nail , do not reach the edges of the nail bed

E. Low hemoglobin and red blood cells at birth

553. For a premature newborn baby is characterized by the following

signs except:

A. The skin, abundantly covered with fuzz

B. Soft ears

C. Navel located in the lower third of the stomach

D. Nail , do not reach the edges of the nail bed

E. HEPATOMEGALY

554. Children 5 days. He was born at 33 weeks gestation. Skin is pale

jaundiced , abundantly covered with baby hair , the testicles into the scrotum above the entrance .

Liver + 3 cm + 1 cm spleen . Hemoglobin 115 g / l.

Prematurity can be explained by :

A. Hemoglobin 115 g / L

B. The pale icteric coloration of the skin

C. Liver + 3 cm
D. Cryptorchidism

E. Spleen 1 cm

555. A child born at 33 weeks gestation , very lethargic, almost

performs movements distinct muscular hypotonia and hyporeflexia , a symptom

" Sunset " , liberally covered with leather baby hair , subcutaneous fat

layer is expressed very weakly . The parietal bones are pliable , soft ears ,

pressed to the head , one testicle is not descended into the scrotum . 80 The number of breaths per
minute.

Preterm birth can not be explained :

A. The weak development of the subcutaneous fat layer

B. The abundance of vellus hair

C. The number of breaths

D. Compliance of the skull bones

E. Cryptorchidism

556. An analysis of infant mortality.

The value of the studied parameter is likely to be determined :

A. Number of children born prematurely

B. CNS

C. Fetal malnutrition

D. Intestinal infection

E. Pneumonia

557.Pervy cross granulocytes and lymphocytes occurs in premature W -1U

degree at the age of :

A. 4-5 days

B. 2-3 weeks

C. By the end of the 1st month of life

558. For a premature newborn baby is characterized by the following

signs except:

A. The muscular hypotonia

B. Reduction of congenital unconditioned reflexes

C. Violations of thermoregulation

D. opercular paroxysms

E. faint cry

559. For premature infants is characterized by:

A. The physiological decrease in body weight of 4-5 %

B. The share of prematurity accounts for about 20 % of the infant mortality

C. psychomotor development lagged full-term peers to 6 - 7years

D. Congenital malformations are 10 times more likely than full-term

E. More common hemolytic disease of the newborn

560. Which of the following is the cause of a higher probability of

bilirubin encephalopathy in premature infants with transient jaundice ( in

Compared with full-term ) ?

A. Lack of relationship between the intensity of color of the skin and jaundice

the degree of transient hyperbilirubinemia

B. The immaturity of the liver enzyme systems

C. The higher the permeability of blood-brain barrier

D. All of the above

561. Gestational age is unknown. Weight of newborn 1900 , length 44 cm

The subcutaneous fat layer is barely expressed, abundant lanugo hair, a small open

fontanelle, cranial bones pliable physique disproportionate , crossing legs.

Preterm birth can not be explained :

A. The abundance of vellus hair

B. Open the small fontanelle

C. Compliance of the skull bones

D. Perekrest feet

562. Of the following symptoms can not be explained by prematurity :

A. Abundant lanugo hair

B. The rapid development of neonatal cold " injury "

C. The muscular hypotonia and hyporeflexia

D. palpating the umbilical vessels

E. Anemia by the end of the 1st month of life

563. Mother of 36 years , suffers from a stomach ulcer , 12 duodenal ulcer, is working

the programmer. Fifth pregnancy . When the term of 20 weeks suffered SARS. Childbirth 2nd , at

term of 29 weeks. The first pregnancy resulted in normal births , and then - 3 med.

abortion.

The leading cause of pregnancy loss was profound :

A. Age of mother

B. Her health

C. The disease during pregnancy

D. Prior abortion

E. Working conditions

564. A woman 35 years. Working as a weaver, suffers gastroduodenitom smokes . Flooring

life of 17 years. Husband 38 years old, suffering from alcoholism, works Electroplating. The present

1st pregnancy . Proceeded with toxemia 2nd half over birth to 33rd

week, with twins .

Enter the root cause of pregnancy loss in women .

A. Social and biological factors

B. Pathological pregnancy

C. Somatic pathology

D. genital infantilism

E. Multiple pregnancy

565. Children from 1st pregnancy that proceeded with toxemia . Mother of 40 let.Massa

Child 2500 g , length 51 cm subcutaneous fat layer is poorly developed. Wrinkled skin ,

fluff scant , mostly on the shoulders and back , the middle of the body occurs in the region

navel , nails reach the end of the fingers , testicles descended into the scrotum. The bones of the skull

dense .

The most likely next term of pregnancy:

A. 32-34 weeks

B. 34-36 weeks

S. 36-38 weeks

D. 40 weeks

566 of the following is crucial to respond to previous

question:

A. The weak development of the subcutaneous fat layer

B. Wrinkled skin

C. The weight of the body

D. The nature of physique

E. Length of body

567. Child 5 days , from the 6th of pregnancy occurring with toxemia , anemia. Mother

38 years old, suffering from cholecystitis , a two-horned uterus. The first pregnancy ended

birth to 35-36 week 15 years ago, then had 4 medical abortion. Childbirth second ,
premature , at the term of 31 weeks . Birth weight 1100 g , length 37 cm

Enter the root cause of pregnancy loss in the deep of the woman .

A. Systemic illness

B. Pathological pregnancy

C. The previous abortions

D. Age

E. malformations of the uterus

568. At the age of three months glubokonedonoshennyh child was discharged home. saved

anxiety, is not holding his head , bad fixes gaze , not coo .

Extremely premature can explain everything, except :

A. Do not hold your head

V. Poor captures the eye

C. Do not coo

D. worry

569. Child 3 days from young healthy parents, 1st pregnancy. At 30, not del

woman suffered flu. Births at 32 weeks . First period - 5:00 , the second - 20

minutes. Weight at birth 1630 g, length - 42 cm

Of the following is detected during the inspection , due to prematurity

following:

A. Symptom " setting sun "

B. regurgitation

S. Hypertonus extensor muscles

D. The almost complete absence of subcutaneous fat

E. All of the above

570. Enter the root cause of respiratory disorders in children with prematurity 1
degrees:

A. The lack of surfactant synthesis

Q. The small size of the alveoli

S. Perinatal brain damage and spinal cord

571. The main causes of aspiration of milk in very preterm children :

A. Delayed gastric emptying

B. The failure of the gastric cardia

C. Lack of coordination of swallowing and breathing

D. A small bottle of the stomach

E. All of the above

572. The main cause of retinopathy ( retinal detachment ) in very preterm infants :

A. Intensive oxygen therapy

B. Lack of vitamin E

C. Lack of vitamin A

D. All of the above

573. The rapid development of hypothermia in preterm due to:

A. Reducing the amount of brown fat

B. The ratio of body surface area and weight

C. A highly permeable skin

D. The absence of an "isolated fat layer " in the vascular wall

E. All of the listed

574.Naibolee frequent extrapulmonary cause of respiratory disorders in preterm :

A. Perinatal CNS

B. Congenital Heart Defects

S. hypothyroidism
D. hypoadrenia

E. Metabolic disorders ( hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia )

575. The main reason for the protracted transient intestinal dysbiosis in

premature baby :

A. Environmental changes in autoflora mothers ( disbiotsenoz vagina and

intestine)

B. Later, the first baby to breast attachment

C. Failure to comply with hygiene requirements for childcare

D. Reducing the overall reactivity of the body in various diseases

Premature Baby

E. The weak development of the local immune defense gastrointestinal tract in preterm

576. In women who were born prematurely , there may be :

A. Violations of the menstrual cycle

B. Defective generative function

S. Prematurity

D. All of the above

577. Overloading of fluid administered intravenously premature baby

may primarily to :

A widespread edema of subcutaneous tissue

B. Pulmonary edema

S. Patent ductus arteriosus

D. Impaired lymphatic drainage

Neonatal jaundice. Hemolytic disease of newborn

578. The norm for the newborn in the first days of life is :

A. Red blood cells 4.0 1012 / L

B. Hemoglobin 140 g / L

C. WBC 5.0 x 109 / l

D. Free bilirubin - 35 pmol / l

E. Reticulocytosis 22% 0

579. Transient (physiological ) neonatal jaundice is characterized by:

A. The occurrence of jaundice on the third day of life

B. high activity of liver glyukuroniltransferaznoy

C. Moderate anemia

580. Jaundice , which appeared in the first days of life, can be caused by:

A. Transient ( physiological ) neonatal jaundice

B. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

C. Anemia Minkowski Chauffard

J. Gilbert's Syndrome

E. All of the above

581. The risk of bilirubin encephalopathy ( " kernicterus " ) increase :

A. Hypoalbuminaemia

B. Hypoxia

C. Acidosis

D. Hypoglycemia

E. All of the above

582. Exchange transfusion in HDN is done to:

A. Removal of the body of excess bilirubin

B. Removal of the body of excess free bilirubin

C. The high iron content

583. In order to prevent HDN Rh - conflict all Rh-negative

women without the effects of sensitization must enter the anti- rhesus

gamma globulin after :

A. Termination of pregnancy at any stage of gestation

B. Births healthy Rh- positive fetus

S. opertsii about ectopic pregnancy

D. amniocentesis , cordocentesis

E. all of the above

584. A child of healthy young parents. The mother Rh- negative blood , in

father - Rh-positive . Pregnancy 1st , uneventful . antibodies from

the mother during pregnancy was not. The child is healthy . His blood Rhesus

positive .

Identify the activities in relation to the woman after the birth of the child :

A. The introduction of anti-D immunoglobulin is not later than the first 48 hours after birth

An introduction of anti-D immunoglobulin is not later than the first 5 days after birth

C. The introduction of anti-D immunoglobulin is not necessary, because the woman gave birth

healthy Child

D. Non-specific sensitization treatment - intravenous woman

glucose , CMC , vitamin C, antihistamines

585. Child one year. In the newborn period, underwent ABO - HDN conflict

icteric form . 1 day after ZPK has a concentration of free bilirubin

500 umol / l. Made another Plant , after which the level of free

bilirubin decreased to 300 pmol / l. This was followed by conservative treatment :

intravenous administration of albumin , glucose , light therapy . In the future child

developed normally .

In the development of a favorable outcome has played a major role :

A. exchange transfusion (CRCs )

B. Use in the treatment of protein preparations

C. Use in the treatment of intravenous glucose

D. Light therapy

E. All of the above

586. The child was born in the period from 1st safely flowed pregnancy. there is

incompatibility Rh factor . A week before the birth, the mother became ill with hepatitis A.

Birth weight 3250 g , length 51 cm . On the third day of life appeared

icteric staining of the skin and sclera. Child is active , well sucks. Yellow chair .

Liver 1 cm palpable spleen fails.

Specify the most likely cause of jaundice :

A. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

B. Transient (physiological ) neonatal jaundice

Viral hepatitis C.

D. Biliary atresia

E. Crigler - Najjar syndrome

587. Mishenevidnye red blood cells are found in :

A. Anemia Minkowski Chauffard

B. Thalassemia

S. Gilbert's Syndrome

D. Crigler - Najjar Syndrome

588. The baby's condition at birth is heavy. By the end of the first day there was

icteric staining of the skin. The liver performs under the costal margin of 3 cm,

spleen HB 1 cm - 95 g / L 2.5 1012 erythrocytes / l. Diagnosed with tension-type headache .

Identify priority action :

A. Phototherapy

B. Operation exchange transfusion of blood

C. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

D. Fractional red blood cell transfusions

E. Intravenous albumin

589. Exchange transfusion in HDN is done to:

A. The stimulation of the body's defenses

B. Increasing the iron content

C. Removal of excess free bilirubin

590. In economically developed countries, the problem is solved HDN in the first place

thanks to :

A high level of organization of preventive measures

V. High prevalence of intrauterine blood transfusion

C. Introduction, in the broad practice of modern methods of treatment

591. A child of 3 days with hemolytic disease of the newborn is assigned intravenously

introduction of albumin in order to:

A. Fighting with anemia

B. The binding of free bilirubin

S. hyposensitisation

D. Excretion protivorezusnyh antibodies from the blood of a child

E. all of the above

592. A newborn in a few hours after birth, jaundice appeared .

To make a preliminary diagnosis , it is necessary to determine:

A. Blood group of mother and child

VA content of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the blood

C. The free and conjugated bilirubin, serum

D. Rh factor baby and mother

E. All of the above

593. A newborn in a few hours after birth, jaundice appeared .

For the diagnosis should:

A. Determination of blood group and Rh factor of mother and child

B. The content of free and conjugated bilirubin in the blood serum of children

C. The content of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the blood

D. Hourly increase in bilirubin

E. All of the above

594. A child diagnosed with hemolytic disease of the newborn by the system

ABO . Jaundice at birth. In the 1st day of life hemoglobin 140 g / l , the concentration of

free bilirubin in the umbilical cord blood of 70 mmol / l . The liver performs under the edge

costal 3.5 cm spleen - 2 cm

Determining the method of treatment of this child is :

A. exchange transfusion

B. Fractional red blood cell transfusions

C. The intravenous administration of protein drugs

D. Light therapy

595. The woman has Rh- negative blood . The first pregnancy ended

birth of a healthy baby. Rh immune globulin was not administered . Then there were 2

medical abortion. The child from the 4th pregnancy jaundiced at birth

staining of the skin, hepatosplenomegaly .

In order to develop treatment strategies is first necessary to determine:

A. The free bilirubin in cord blood

B. Bound bilirubin in cord blood

C. The activity of transaminases

D. The level of hemoglobin and red blood cells in the blood

E. Conduct Coombs

596. Age of child 2 days. Skin is pale jaundiced at birth , subcutaneous

fat of impasto , the liver acts beyond the costal arch by 3 cm , the spleen on

1 child see sluggish . Muscle tone and reflexes of newborns decreased. hemoglobin

150 g / L bilirubin 210 mmol / l, is free. The mother 0 (I) blood group, Rh

negative . The child - 0 (I) group , Rh-positive .

The most likely diagnosis is :

A tension-type headache , swollen form

B. HDN , icteric form

S. HDN , anemic form

D. Transient neonatal jaundice

597. Children 5 days with hemolytic disease of the newborn ( total bilirubin 200

mol / l, 35 associated mol / l ) is assigned intravenous albumin.

Justify the appropriateness of albumin :

A. Control of hypoproteinemia

B. Removing bilirubin

C. Preventing anemia Rise

D. Binding of free bilirubin

E. Improving the conjugation of the liver

598. The child at birth for signs of HDN Rh factor; icteric skin ,

gepatsplenomegaliya . In the blood analysis - Hemoglobin 105 g / L, cord blood

bilirubin 70 mmol / l , the hourly increase of bilirubin greater than 10 micromoles / liter. child
underwent surgery to replace the blood transfusion .

Exchange transfusion is done in order to:

A. Elimination of free bilirubin

B. anti-anemia

C. The derived antibodies antirhesus

D. all of the above

599. A newborn at the age of one day living noted the appearance of jaundice. blood

In the mother (III) group , Rh-negative , the child - AB (IV) group , Rhesus

positive .

The most likely diagnosis is :

A. Hemolytic disease of the newborn by Rh incompatibility

B. Hemolytic disease of the newborn by the ABO system

C. Hemolytic disease of the newborn on the Rh and ABO incompatibility

D. Transient neonatal jaundice

600 . The child soon after birth appeared jaundice, which quickly escalated .

Diagnosed Crigler - Najjar syndrome , type 1 .

Please select your reason razvuitiya of this syndrome :

A. intrahepatic bile duct obstruction

B. extrahepatic biliary obstruction

C. The absence of liver enzyme glucuronyl

D. Deficiency of glucose- 6 -phosphate dehydrogenase

601. In order to prevent HDN Rh - Rh = conflict over the negative

women without the effects of sensitization must enter the anti- rhesus

gamma globulin at :

A. The premature detachment of the placenta

B. manual removal of the placenta

S. cesarean section

D. In all these cases,

602. Child one day. Yellowness of the skin , liver + 3 cm + 1 cm from the spleen

the costal margin . Hemoglobin 160 g / l. The mother's blood 0 (1 ) of the group , Rh-negative ;

Child - 0 (I) the group Rh-positive . Diagnosed with hemolytic disease

newborns.

Diagnosis is made on the basis of:

A blood incompatibility of mother and child on the Rh factor

B. size of the liver and spleen

S. yellowness of skin color

D. hemoglobin

E. all of the above

603. A newborn baby from the 1st pregnancy is healthy. Parents of young people. The father

Rh-positive blood , the mother - Rh-negative . Antibodies to the Rh factor in

the mother during pregnancy was not, although the child's blood is Rh-positive .

Identify the tactics for the introduction of anti-D immunoglobulin for the prevention of helium

moliticheskoy disease of the newborn in subsequent pregnancies :

A. Within 48 hours after birth

B. No later than 5 days after birth

C. In the first trimester of a subsequent pregnancy

D. In the third trimester of a subsequent pregnancy

E. The introduction of anti-D immunoglobulin is not required

604. Children from 3 pregnancy (the first 2 ended in therapeutic abortion ) . Mother of 23

year, the women's clinic was not observed . Deliveries on time , the weight of the child 3300 g , length
51 cm body condition at birth is regarded as satisfactory. By the end of the first

days of life appeared jaundiced. Marked lethargy, muscular hypotonia . breasts are not

beret. + 2cm liver , spleen - at the costal margin .

Specify the most likely diagnosis :

A. Transient neonatal jaundice

B. Sepsis

C. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

D. Congenital hepatitis

605. A child with hemolytic disease of the newborn on the 8th day of life hemoglobin

150 g / l , free bilirubin 70 mmol / l, a related - 100 pmol / l. The liver acts

from the costal margin of 2 cm , the spleen - the costal margin .

Assign treatment:

A. Corticosteroids

V. exchange transfusion

C. Bile

D. Vitamin B

E. Antbiotiki

606. The child A (II) blood group O mother (I). Condition at birth

satisfactory. Jaundice appeared on the third day of life . The liver acts out

costal margin of 1.5 cm , the spleen - the costal margin . On the 4th day of life in the analysis

Blood : unconjugated bilirubin 66 mmol / l, a related - 0 140 g Hb / l erythrocytes

3.4 1012 / L , WBC 15h109 / l.

Specify the most likely diagnosis :

A. Transient neonatal jaundice

B. HDN , zhelutshnaya form

S. HDN , anemic form

D. HDN , edematous form

607. Neonatal jaundice in violation of the conjugation of bilirubin without hemolysis and anemia

observed in:

A. Gilbert's Syndrome

B. Crigler - Najjar Syndrome

C. Congenital Hypothyroidism

D. maternal diabetes

E. All of the above conditions

608. Newborn to age 3 days marked the appearance of jaundice skin

covers. In the analysis of blood : hemoglobin 205 g / l. Blood group 0 (I), Rh-negative .

The mother blood group A (II), Rh-positive .

Specify the most likely diagnosis :

A tension-type headache by Rh incompatibility

B. HDN ABO system

S. HDN Rh and ABO incompatibility

D. Transient neonatal jaundice

609. Full-term baby , from the 1st normal pregnancy . there is

incompatibility Rh factor . The mother has chronic hepatitis. On the third day

life of the child appeared icteric staining of skin and sclera. Active, well-

breastfeed . The liver and spleen were not enlarged. Yellow chair . Hemoglobin 205 g / l.

Determine the cause of jaundice :

Viral hepatitis A.

B. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

C. Transient neonatal jaundice

610. 6 days child , was born in a period of well flowed first pregnancy.

There is incompatibility between the blood of mother and child on the Rh factor . A week before the
birth

mother fell ill with hepatitis A. On the third day of life appeared jaundiced. The child is active,

willing to take the breast , well sucks. + 1 cm liver , spleen not palpable . chair

yellow. Hemoglobin 190 g / l.

Identify the most likely cause of jaundice :

A. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

B. Transient neonatal jaundice

C. Viral hepatitis.

611. A woman with Rh - negative blood the previous 4 pregnancies ended

precarious. At present ( fifth ) pregnancy medical supervision and treatment

5-6 weeks. Protivorezusnyh maximum titer of antibodies in the 34th week - 1:256 , in 36

weeks - 1:32 . Caused by artificial birth . The child was born with severe

manifestations of hemolytic disease of the newborn . Immediately to make the substitution

a blood transfusion. During the following months - treatment in the Department of Pathology

newborns. At the age of 3 years - psychomotor development of age appropriate .

The relatively favorable outcome defined :

A. Regular monitoring and treatment of women with early pregnancy

B. Artificially induced labor at 36 weeks

S. Operative and conservative treatment of newborn

D. All of the above

612. A child diagnosed at birth hemolytic disease of the newborn ,

icteric form . The concentration of bilirubin in the umbilical cord blood of 78 mmol / l,

hourly increase its 15 mmol / l, held conservative therapy .

Identify the most likely outcome :

A. Recovery

B. Bilirubin cirrhosis

C. Anemia

D. Violation of psychomotor development

613. A child with hemolytic disease of the newborn for the Rh factor to the 5th day

life - yellowness of the skin has a greenish tinge , the liver acts under the edge

costal margin of 3 cm and spleen - 1.5 cm 4h1012 Red blood cells / l. Hemoglobin 160 g / l.

Unconjugated bilirubin 300 mmol / l, 25 associated mol / l .

Hemolytic disease of the newborn can be explained by :

A. Size of liver and spleen

B. The level of bilirubin

C. The level of free bilirubin

D. Indicators of red blood

E. All of the above

614. Extrahepatic biliary obstruction due to accumulation of bile may develop

at :

A heavy flow of hemolytic disease of the newborn

B. Cystic Fibrosis

S. parenteral nutrition in extremely premature infants

D. All of the above conditions

615. Newborn baby 2 days , from the 2nd pregnancy , from healthy young

parents. There is incompatibility between the blood of mother and child on the Rh factor . births to

The 38th week of pregnancy. The child's condition serious. Restless, burps , leather

icteric , dry, has hypotonia , hyporeflexia , hepatosplenomegaly .

3800 g of body weight , 49 cm length of 140 g Hb / l.

Diagnose :

A. Hypothyroidism newborn

B. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

Meningitis C.

D. Pyloric stenosis

616. An absolute indication for exchange transfusion in the first days of life in

a full-term newborn is :

A concentration of free bilirubin in the cord blood over 60 mmol / l

B. Hourly increase free bilirubin more than 10.6 mmol / l

C. The concentration of free bilirubin in the peripheral blood of more than 340

pmol \ l

D. hemoglobin level less than 100 g / l

E. All of the above

617. A distinct icteric staining of the skin in premature neonates

appears when the bilirubin level :

A. 25-40 mmol / l

V. 45-70 mmol / l

S. 75-100 pmol / l

AD 105-120 pmol / l

E. More than 120 pmol / l

618. A newborn baby diagnosed anemia Minkowski Chauffard

( microspherocytosis ) .

Determining at diagnosis was :

A reduction in hemoglobin and red blood cells

B. Reticulocytosis
C. The sharp reduction in the minimum osmotic resistance of erythrocytes

D. Hepatosplenomegaly

E. The presence of stigma disembriogeneza

619. By the hereditary hemolytic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

include:

A. Gilbert's syndrome

B. Crigler - Najjar syndrome type 1

C. Crigler - Najjar syndrome type 2

D. microspherocytosis

620. By the hereditary non-hemolytic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

include:

A. microspherocytosis

B. Deficiency of glucose- 6 -phosphate dehydrogenase

C. Sickle cell anemia

D. Thalassemia

E. Crigler - Najjar syndrome

621. Side effects of phototherapy in HDN include:

A. The loss of fluids

B. Diarrhea

C. A skin rash

D. All of the above

622. Possible complications of blood exchange transfusion in HDN :

A. Acute Heart Failure

B. necrotizing enterocolitis

C. Hemorrhagic Syndrome
D. All of the above

623. The perinatal mortality correlates with tension-type headache :

A. Cumulative protivorezusnyh titer of antibodies in the blood of pregnant women

V. " galloping " protivorezusnyh titer antibodies in pregnant women

C. Level protivorezusnyh antibodies in Rh- sensitized non-pregnant

women

D. A high -titer antibodies protivorezuzsnyh pregnant women in the first

study in the antenatal clinic

E. thickening of the placenta , determined by ultrasound , polyhydramnios

624. To address the issue on exchange transfusion of blood at GBN in the first

Two days primarily oriented in:

A. Absolute numbers of bilirubin in cord blood

B. Bilirubin levels in peripheral blood

C. Hourly increase bilirubin

D. The occurrence of jaundice in the first few hours of life

625. Currently, exchange transfusions of blood at GBN not use

whole blood and red cell mass, mixed with fresh frozen plasma in

Due to the fact that:

A. Whole blood leukocytes and lymphocytes is , which increases the risk

transmissible infections

B. The risk of developing heart failure above the transfusion of whole blood

C. When the transfusion of whole blood is higher risk of developing metabolic disorders

(hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, acidosis)

D. When using packed red blood cells and blood plasma easier selection

626. Hereditary erythrocyte membranopatii as infantile piknotsitoza

most often found in :

A. Full-term infants with vitamin A deficiency

B. Full-term infants in vitamin E

C. Premature infants in vitamin E and early appointment

iron supplementation

627. The development of polycythemia in infants contributes to:

A. Low birth weight

B. Later cord clamping

C. The twin-twin transuziya

D. Maternal - fetal transfusion

E. All of the above

628. The main reason for the high concentration of bilirubin in hypothyroidism in

newborn is :

A. The hemolysis of erythrocytes

B. The delay ripening glyukuroniltransferazy

S. extrahepatic biliary obstruction

D. intrahepatic obstruction of the biliary tract

E. Violation of transport of bilirubin in the hepatocyte

629. The main reason for the high concentration of bilirubin in newborns

mothers with diabetes is :

A. The hemolysis of erythrocytes

B. The delay ripening glyukuroniltransferazy

S. extrahepatic biliary obstruction

D. intrahepatic obstruction of the biliary tract

E. Violation of the capture of bilirubin hepatic cell

630. For the purpose of antenatal prophylaxis of HDN Rh - Rh- conflict all

negative women without signs of sensitization is necessary to introduce an anti -

rhesus gamma globulin at :

A term of 28 weeks of gestation

B. The threat of termination of pregnancy , accompanied by spotting

from the genital tract nezayvisimo of gestational age

S. suturing of the cervix (with Cervical incompetence )

D. Reductions of single embryo transfer after IVF

E. all of the above

Intrauterine infection. Sepsis .

631. Deep premature baby at the age of 15 days transferred to the department of pathology

newborns. Childbirth in the 29th week. Water broke 15 hours before delivery. Body weight at

1300g birth . The liver and spleen were enlarged, palpable umbilical vessels. chair

thinned , speeded up , with mucus . In the analysis of blood : hemoglobin 110 g / L , white blood cells
28h109 / L,

dominated by neutrophils, accelerated ESR .

In addition to prematurity , the child will most likely include disease

A. The early anemia of prematurity

B. Prenatal dystrophy

C. Intestinal infection

D. Sepsis

E. Leukemia

632. Neonatal sepsis often causes :

A. Viruses

B. Bacteria

C. Elementary
D. Viral - bacterial association

E. Mushrooms

633 Infectious fetopathy most often lead to :

A virus is a virus- association

B. Bacteria

C. Elementary

D. Viral - bacterial association

E. Mushrooms

634. At high degree stigmizatsii newborn should primarily

suggest :

A malformation of internal organs

B. Infectious Diseases early fetopathy

C. Infectious later fetopathy

D. Formation of further limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis

635. Microbial contamination , leading to the development of neonatal sepsis , often

going on:

A. During blastogenesis

B. During the period of embryogenesis

C. In the early fetogeneza

D. In the late fetogeneza

E. Intra-and postnatally

636. In premature infants with sepsis profuse petechial rash on the skin,

hypotonia , hyporeflexia , signs of pneumonia , endocarditis , bloating,

regurgitation, hepatosplenomegaly , soft stools with mucus crumbs and herbs.

Prognostically most unfavorable is :

A. Endocarditis

B. Pneumonia

S. Hepatosplenomegaly

D. Hemorrhagic Syndrome

E. dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract

637. A premature baby suffered sepsis. The patient was discharged home at the age of 2 months.

What for sepsis occurred in this child ?

A. Lightning fast

B. Acute

S. Subacute

638. Deep premature baby at the age of 20 days transferred to the department of pathology

newborns. Birth weight 1350 g , now - 1200 Leather

gray , hyporeflexia , hypotonia . Breathing relaxed, non-constant

krepitiruyuschie wheezing. Heart sounds , tachycardia, systolic structurally unstable

noise. 2.0 cm liver , spleen, 1.0 Spits see from the first days of life. chair

thinned , with mucus .

Severe prematurity can be explained by :

A. Gray skin

B. hypotonia and hyporeflexia

C. lower than that at birth , body mass

D. palpating the umbilical vessels

E. Size liver and spleen

639.Naibolee likely diagnosis for this child :

A. Sepsis

B. Congenital heart disease

S. Pneumonia

D. Pyloric stenosis

E. coli infection

640. In a premature baby 26 days weight 2400 skin is pale with

grayish tinge , petechial rash. Liver 3.0 cm, 1.0 cm from the spleen

costal arch . Weight at birth in 2300 . The diagnosis sepsis.

In favor of this diagnosis indicates :

A. petechiasis

B. Colour of skin

C. The size of the liver and spleen

D. The dynamics of body weight

E. All of the above

641. The main feature of septic shock in the newborn :

A hemorrhagic syndrome

B. The gray skin color

S. icteric skin tone

D. dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract

E. Hepatosplenomegaly

642. In premature infants at the age of 20 days, pointed to the insufficient increase

body weight, pale sallow skin color , hepatosplenomegaly ,

unstable chair , moderate hypotension, muscle , decreased reflexes of newborns.

Umbilical residue was dropped on the 12th day .

The most likely diagnosis is :

A. Wasting

B. Sepsis
S. Perinatal CNS

D. Early anemia of prematurity

E. coli infection

643. For newborn sepsis is characterized by:

A. Involvement of multiple organs and systems

B. Lack of parallelism between the severity of the general condition and the nature of

primary septic focus

C. Clinic bacterial infectious toxicosis

D. All of the above

644. A child from the mother 26 years old suffering from pyelonephritis of pregnancy

flowed with the threat of miscarriage, preterm with a term of 35 weeks of protracted

delivery. A few days after the birth of the child showed signs of purulent

conjunctivitis , catarrhal omphalitis . At the age of three weeks, diagnosed with sepsis.

The development of sepsis in children with symptoms of low infection identified :

A seeding of opportunistic flora objects in the environment in the maternity

home

B. Prematurity

C. The health of mother

D. The course of pregnancy and childbirth

E. All of the above

645. A child of healthy young parents, from the first pregnancy occurring with

nephropathy , time of delivery. Water broke two days before giving birth. Weight at birth

3100 g, height 53 cm cried at once . The initial weight loss of 400 g Umbilical

the rest fell away on the 5th day. On the same day the child was discharged .

Extract was contraindicated because of :

A. Nephropathy in pregnancy

B. The lengths of dry period

C. The overall weight and a growth index at birth

D. The initial weight loss

E. Time defection umbilical residue

646. When visiting the dispensary of the child on the 2nd day after discharge from the hospital

local pediatrician said umbilical bleeding wound. In skaladkah minor skin

individual pustules . Condition is regarded as satisfactory. After 5 days

condition worsened . Body weight of 3000 g , sucking languidly , leather marble with gray

shade, with spits bile , liver, 3 cm , spleen 1 cm from the edge

costal arch . Chair unstable (4-5 times a day), thinned , sometimes an admixture of mucus and

greenery.

The diagnosis of sepsis in the child's served :

A. The color of the skin,

B. regurgitation with bile ,

C. Changes in the nature of a chair ,

D. Size of liver and spleen

E. All of the above

647. In preterm infants diagnosed with sepsis 20 days . Leather -gray marble

color , signs of pneumonia and cardiomyopathy , stomach distended , the liver acts under the edge

costal margin of 3 cm and spleen - 2 cm Spits with bile . chair

unstable . There abscess .

The development of sepsis is likely due to ::

A. aureus

Escherichia coli B.
S. aureus with the Association of pathogenic intestinal flora

D. Viruses

E. Mushrooms

648. Child from 2nd pregnancy. Births at 32 weeks . Anhydrous interval 28 hours.

He was born in asphyxia. On the 10th day of life the child's condition serious , skin

subikterichnost , with a grayish tinge, pronounced " marble " picture. muscle

hypotonia, hyporeflexia , painful scream . Heart sounds , bradycardia .

Distended stomach , liver, 3 cm, 2 cm spleen , chair speeded up , thinned , with mucus and

greenery. 100 g Hb / l. The woman developed postpartum endometritis .

The primary diagnosis of this child :

A. Hypoxic - traumatic CNS

B. Congenital heart disease

C. Sepsis

D. Early anemia of prematurity

E. coli infection

649. Child 20 days. Body weight was born prematurely in 2000 , weighing 1900 Three

days before the onset of labor began to leak water. On the 7th day of the child

marked purulent conjunctivitis, omphalitis , single pustules . Skin gray.

Shortness of breath, heart sounds are muffled, tachycardia, structurally unstable systolic murmur ,

hepatosplenomegaly , chair thinned , with mucus . Regurgitated from the first days of life.

Preliminary diagnosis :

A. Congenital heart disease

V. Pyloric stenosis

C. Intestinal infection

D. Sepsis
650. 3- week old baby admitted to the hospital for the care of a birth weight of 1250

with a mass of 1300 g at 29 weeks of gestation , and flowed with toxemia

complicated by premature rupture of water . On examination : hypotension,

hyporeflexia , muffled heart sounds , tachycardia, uncleanness, I tone

hepatosplenomegaly , palpable umbilical vessels. Stools with mucus . In the blood - anemia ,

leukocytosis, neutrophilia , increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate .

Prematurity can be explained by :

A. The color of the skin

B. palpating the umbilical vessels

C. Body weights less than at birth

D. HEPATOMEGALY

E. hypotonia and hyporeflexia

651. The primary diagnosis in this child (other than prematurity )

A. Intrauterine growth

B. Sepsis

C. Congenital Heart Disease

D. Enterocolitis

E. Early anemia of prematurity

652. Frequent association of infectious agents in intrauterine infection is :

A. Enteric viruses and herpes simplex

B. Enteroviruses and cytomegalovirus

S. Herpes simplex viruses and mycoplasmas

D. Herpes simplex viruses and cytomegalovirus

E. All of the above

653. The most common route of infection in intrauterine infection is :

A. Down

B. Contact

C. Rising

D. transplatsentarno

654. The most typical route of infection for chlamydial infection in

newborn is :

A transplacental

V. Antenatal upward

C. Antenatal down

D. intrapartum

E. Postnatal

655. The most typical route of infection for cytomegalovirus infection

is :

A transplacental

V. Antenatal upward

C. Antenatal down

D. intrapartum

E. Postnatal

656. Leading risk factors for intrauterine infections :

A. Hormone immunosuppression , conducted at different pregnant

pathology

B. placental insufficiency

C. Transient fetal immune deficiency

D. All of the above

657. After an intrauterine infections most often occur later

complications:

A. Defects of vision, hearing

B. The delay psychomotor development

S. hypertension- hydrocephalic syndrome

D. Chronic pyelonephritis

E. All of the above

658.U newborns at IUI is currently used mostly

The following immunotherapy :

A. Polyvalent immunoglolbuliny

B. The direct blood transfusion

C. Polyvalent immunoglobulins IgG enriched

D. Interferons

E. All of the above

659. The most effective in chlamydial infection in the newborn:

A semi-synthetic penicillins

B. Cephalosporins

C. The aminoglycosides

D. rifampicin

E. Macrolides

660. Are most effective when mycoplasma infection in the newborn:

A. I generation cephalosporins

V. II generation cephalosporins

C. III generation cephalosporins

D. rifampicin

E. Macrolides
661. The most common adverse reactions to beta -lactam antibiotics in

infants are

A. Thrombocytopenia

B. Neutropenia

C. Intestinal dysbiosis

D. All of the above

662. The most common side effects of aminoglycosides in neonates :

A. Ototoxicity

B. Nephrotoxicity

S. kurarepodobnymi effect (muscle weakness , respiratory failure )

D. All of the above

663. The most common side effects of macrolides in the newborn:

A. Neutropenia

B. hypokalemia

C. Allergic skin rash

D. Cholestasis

664. Secondary ( symptomatic ) forms accompanied by vomiting in infants :

A. Perinatal CNS hypoxic- traumatic genesis

B. Sepsis

S. Adrenogenital syndrome, a form of solteryayuschaya

D. All of the above

665. Herpesviruses mostly affect the fetus :

A. CNS

B. The system of blood

C. Respiratory
D. All of the above is true

666. Infection with herpes is most dangerous to the fetus and newborn :

A. During the first trimester of pregnancy

B. In the second trimester

C. During the third trimester of pregnancy

D. At the time of delivery

E. Immediately after birth

667. By herpesviruses are:

A. The herpes simplex virus

B. Cytomegalovirus

C. Varicella zoster virus

D. Epstein -Barr virus

E. All of the above

668. Zovirax has :

A. irritating effect on the gastrointestinal tract

B. nephrotoxicity

S. Psychotropic effects

D. hypoplastic effect on the blood

E. All of the listed

669. For a classic symptom in intrauterine infection is characterized by:

A. Hepatosplenomegaly

B. Intrauterine growth

C. Jaundice

D. Hemorrhagic Syndrome

E. All of the above

670. A newborn baby cytomegalovirus infection , generalized form .

First of all, the child must be of the following order:

A polyvalent immunoglobulins

B. Ganciclovir

S.Interferony

D. Neotsitotekt

E. All of the above

671.U infants with intrauterine infection in asymptomatic course

Currently, the predominant therapy is the following :

A polyvalent immunoglobulins

B. Specific immunoglobulins

S. Immunomodulatory therapy

D. The specific chemotherapy

E. Posindromnaya therapy

672. The presence of specific IgG in infants in the first days of life shows :

A. Transition of the placenta from mother

B. Intrauterine infection

C. All of the above is true

673. Generalized form of intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection occurs

more often if :

A. The presence of a pregnant specific IgG titer in a small

B. Rise of specific IgG titer during pregnancy

C. The appearance of specific IgM in a previously seronegative women

674. The most informative method of diagnosis of intrauterine infections :

A PCR (polymerase chain reaction)

B. Indirect ( serological ) methods

C. The culture method

675. Mortality in sepsis in newborns present:

A. Less than 10%

B. 11-20 %

C. 21-40 %

D. More than 40%

676. A newborn premature baby disease is caused by conditionally

bacterial flora. The clinical picture is dominated by intoxication , a gradual

the development of multiple organ failure, PPTSNS as cerebral ischemia, 1-P

degree. In the analysis of a high blood level of procalcitonin .

This corresponds to the symptoms :

A. Generalized intrauterine infection

B. sepsis

Dystrophy ( an eating disorder ) .

677. In the clinic enrolled child 9 months with a mass of 7200 g, a body length of 69 cm mass in

Birth 3500 g , length 52 cm to 5 months was sick , well developed , was

mixed feeding . With 4.5 months of solid foods introduced , mainly

milk porridge . Vegetable puree eats reluctantly. With five months of marked deterioration

chairs - fetid , abundant , poorly digested . Stopped gaining weight.

Rate the overall weight and growth rate of this child :

A. Normotrofiya

B. Gipostatura

C. Wasting I degree

D. Wasting II degree
E. Paratrofiya

678. In this case, most likely the following diseases:

A. Cystic Fibrosis

B. Intestinal infection

C. Celiac Disease

D. Phenylketonuria

E. Lactase deficiency

679. The most important in the treatment of children with celiac disease are:

A. Using a diet with limited protein

B. Large doses of digestive enzymes

C. Exclusion of food grains

680. A child under the age of 6 months. He was born with a mass of 3400 g , length 51 cm, weight baby

three months 5500 , currently - 6000 g , length 65 cm pale skin , subcutaneous

fat layer is almost absent on the abdomen and extremities. Chair in 2-3 days " sheep ."

Specify the most likely diagnosis :

A. Normotrofiya

B. Gipostatura

C. Wasting I degree

D. Wasting II degree

E. Wasting III level

681. The causes of severe malnutrition in the present

most are:

A. Endogenous factors

B. Exogenous Factors

682. Boy 4 months , weighing 4100 g , length 60 cm was born with a mass of 3500 g,
length of 51 cm breastfed first diluted and then whole cow's milk.

In 2 months experienced an acute intestinal infection , often ill SARS. On examination

lethargic, listless . Marked pallor of the skin and the almost complete absence

subcutaneous fat layer . Wrinkled skin , taken in the fold is not straightened .

Your initial diagnosis :

A. I Wasting degree

B. Wasting II degree

C. Wasting III level

D. Paratrofiya

683. For one degree of malnutrition is characterized by all except :

A thinning of the subcutaneous fat on the stomach

B. pale skin

C. Reduction of tissue turgor

D. The growth delay of 2-4 cm

684. Boy 8- months of normal pregnancy and term birth.

Is breastfed . With five months of solid foods introduced . prefers

milk porridge . From vegetable purees refuses. Weight of 10 800 g, height 72 cm Vyalovat ,

pale, tissue turgor and reduced muscle tone , sweating .

Rate the condition of the child :

A. I Wasting degree

B. Wasting II degree

S. Normotrofiya

D. Paratrofiya

685. Child 7 months , from a dysfunctional family. Parents are asocial

life, abusing alcohol. The baby is bottle-fed , fed

irregular, solid foods are not introduced . Spotted malnutrition III degree.

This diagnosis is made on the basis of:

A. Deficit weight 32%

B. Absence of subcutaneous fat layer on the face

C. Absence of subcutaneous fat on the abdomen and extremities

D. Anorexia

E. all of the above

686. Indicate which of the data history were important in the development of malnutrition in this

child:

A mother's lifestyle during pregnancy

B. Defects in child care

C. Quantitative underfeeding

D. A qualitative discrepancy food

E. All of the above

687. The girl of 4 months I was diagnosed malnutrition degree.

Diagnosis is made on the basis of:

A. Deficiency of the weight 15 %

B. restless behavior

C. Liquid stool

D. Reduction of immunity

E. all of the above

688. A child of four months admitted to the hospital due to lack of an addition

weight at birth. He was born in the 36th week of pregnancy , occurring with repeated

threatened miscarriage . The first few days of life was fed through a tube , then - expressed milk

mother. Constantly spits up . A chair with a tendency to constipation .

Specify the most likely cause of persistent malnutrition in the child.

A. Perinatal CNS

B. Defects feeding

S. malformation of the gastrointestinal tract

D. Prematurity

689. 4 months baby is not gaining in weight , appetite decreased. He was born with a mass of 3400 .

Now - In 5400 , the examination: pale, flabby skin , subcutaneous fat layer

Out of the stomach is significantly reduced in the extremities . Tissue turgor decreased.

In the case of the child :

A. I Wasting degree

B. Wasting II degree

C. Wasting III level

D. Paratrofiya

690. A child of three months is not gaining in weight , appetite decreased. On examination

pale, subcutaneous fat layer is present on the stomach , greatly reduced by

extremities. 23% underweight .

A presumptive diagnosis :

A. Gipostatura

B. Paratrofiya

C. Wasting I degree

D. Wasting II degree

E. Wasting III level

691. Body weight baby five months 6000 g , length 61 cm at birth - 3800 g and 53 cm

respectively. When viewed from an indifferent , apathetic , adynamic , skin pale, dry ,

subcutaneous tissue is significantly thinned on the limbs , not in the stomach.

Tissue turgor decreased.

Assess the food .

A. Paratrofiya

B. Gipostatura

C. Wasting I degree

D. Wasting II degree

E. Wasting degrees W

692. 1.5 months baby your expressed breast milk nourished ( not taking

breast). Often vomits , a chair with a tendency to constipation . Pregnancy was

toxicosis . The child was born with Apgar scores 5 \ 6 points , weighing 3000 g,

length of 53 cm Currently diagnosed malnutrition II degree.

Directly related to the development of the disease in the child have all

Factors , other than:

A. Violations of the placental circulation , fetal hypoxia

B. Violations of the central nervous system , which regulates the processes of assimilation and

dissimilation in the body

C. Constipation

D. Violations of production of enzymes and hormones

E. Violations of the processes of digestion , absorption and assimilation

693. A child of one year from malnutrition II degree. From history we know that from birth

marked shortness of breath, coughing intrusive . The lungs are listened variegated

rales . Since the year drew attention to the " big belly " , copious foul-smelling stools with

Grease stains on the surface. Double- mentioned rectal prolapse .

The most likely cause of malnutrition in this patient is :

A. Phenylketonuria
B. Cystic Fibrosis

C. Celiac Disease

D. Sepsis

E. coli infection

694. Of the following for kwashiorkor is characterized by:

A. The normal red blood parameters

B. Underweight more than 30%

C. Deficiency of protein in the diet

D. A significant reduction in caloric intake

E. All of the above

695. Child one year. Excitable, eats reluctantly. Born with cord entanglement around

neck, with Apgar scores 6 \ 7 points , weighing 4900 g on artificial

breastfed from birth ( adapted milk mixture). Complementary foods introduced from 6

months. At present , the weight of the child three times 9000 suffered ARI.

The main cause of malnutrition in the child :

A. Artificial feeding from birth

B. Effects of perinatal CNS

C. The unstable chair in a child with the introduction of juices, fruit and vegetable puree

D. " common cold " diseases

E. Lack of exposure to the air.

696. As a child he entered the hospital three months from malnutrition II degree. mixed-

feeding ( breast + mother cow's milk). Eats up to 600g per day.

A child of the following must all, except:

A gradual increase in the amount of food produced

B. Correction of nutrition
C. Calculation of the power of all the macronutrients due to the weight

D. Multivitamins

E. Digestive enzymes

697. The child suffered a 3.5 months respiratory infection , otitis media . Sucks sluggish.

Diagnosed with malnutrition II degree. Fed with a mixture of " Frisolak ." Eat from birth

reluctantly.

Choose the most correct principle that child -feeding

A. Calculation of protein and carbohydrates for proper weight , fat - the actual

B. Calculation of macronutrients to the proper weight

S.Raschet power to the actual weight

D. Add juices , fruit puree

698. A child of three months admitted to the hospital due to lack of an addition

body weight.

The main criterion for the diagnosis of malnutrition Grade II was the following :

A. Poor appetite

B. The excitability

S. Hypertonus muscle

D. Underweight 25%

E. All of the above

699. Child is 8 months. Self does not shrink . Pale skin tissue turgor was markedly

reduced. The subcutaneous fat layer is present on the belly , the limbs is poorly developed .

Underweight 20%. Chair 1 time in 2-3 days

In this case, most likely the following diagnosis :

A. I Wasting degree

B. Wasting II degree
C. Wasting III level

D. Paratrofiya

700 . Baby 2.5 months. Sucks well , restless between feedings . Gets 4 times

breast milk per feeding - a mixture , as a mother - a student - has already started

pursuits. Care of the child 's grandmother elderly . When viewed in

clinic diagnosed malnutrition II degree.

Specify the most likely cause of malnutrition :

A. Low- calorie breast milk

B. Quantitative underfeeding

C. Mixed feeding

701. In 4- month-old child diagnosed with malnutrition I degree. Weight at

3300 g birth , is now 5500 , the breast-fed by the mother. restless,

intervals between feedings can not stand . During the day, eats 600 ml of milk.

The diagnosis of malnutrition I grade is :

A significant decrease in tissue turgor

V. The muscular hypotonia

C. Underweight

D. Concerns child between feedings

E. All of the above

702. The baby of 4 months inadequate weight gain .

The main criterion for the diagnosis of malnutrition was the II degree :

A. Anxiety

B. Frequent regurgitation

C. Pale

D. The absence of subcutaneous fat on the abdomen and extremities

703. When the degree of malnutrition W for enteral nutrition in infants

preferable to use a mixture of :

A. Physiological based on goat milk

V. Based on the partially hydrolyzed dairy protein

C. Based on the highly hydrolyzed milk protein

D. lactose , based on the highly hydrolyzed milk protein ,

triglyceride- rich srednetsepochnymi

704. For W extent of malnutrition is characterized by all except :

A. CNS depression

B. Anorexia

C. Deficiency of body weight more than 30%

D. The growth delay of 2-4 cm

705. The main cause of malnutrition III degree in modern conditions:

A severe chronic somatic diseases

B. Quantitative underfeeding

C. Qualitative underfeeding

706. Baby 5 months received in the last four months of food

the following composition: 4% proteins , 60% fat , 36% carbohydrates of the total calories

supply. On the day received 110 kcal / kg.

What disease could develop in a child?

A. Wasting

B. Kwashiorkor

C. Rickets

D. Obesity

E None of the above

707. A child with malnutrition degree I need to:

A. Calculation of power due to the weight of all the macronutrients

B. Calculation of the actual power to weight all macronutrients

S.Raschet power on proteins and carbohydrates for proper body weight in fats - by

factual

708. Kwashiorkor - a variant of dystrophy , which is characterized by :

A delay of physical development

B. impasto and swelling of tissues

C. Diffuse depigmentation of the skin

D. Muscle atrophy

E. All of the above

709. In modern conditions the main factors predisposing to the development of

malnutrition ( malnutrition ) in children are:

A. Quantitative underfeeding

B. Qualitative underfeeding

C. Improper introduction of complementary foods

D. Defects care

E. Chronic infectious and non-infectious diseases

710. As a child he entered the hospital one month of life due to the progressive

dystrophy. From history we know that from 2 weeks of age, there were abundant

regurgitation, vomiting " fountain " after each feeding. At the time of hospitalization

underweight children was 21 %. Stunting were observed.

Rate the character dystrophy patient.

A. Paratrofiya

B. Gipostatura
C. Wasting I degree

D. Wasting II degree

E. Wasting III level

711. Specify the most likely cause of degeneration in this case .

A. pilorospazme

C. Lactase deficiency

S. Pyloric stenosis

D. Achalasia of the esophagus ( cardiospasm )

712. In the hospital from home baby boy went 9 months with perinatal

CNS disease , recurrent obstructive bronchitis. Growth of the child was

60 cm , weight - 6 lbs. ( At birth, length - 49cm , weight - 2900g ) .

Rate the character dystrophy patient.

A. I Wasting degree

B. Wasting II degree

C. Wasting III level

D. Gipostatura

E. Paratrofiya

713. In the hospital hospitalized girl 1.5 months due to progressive

distofiey . A history of frequent indication abundant regurgitation with 3 weeks of life ,

polyuria , occasionally diarrhea. When viewed along with the symptoms of malnutrition P

degree is exposed virilization of external genitalia girls .

Specify the most likely cause of degeneration in this case .

A. pilorospazme

V. Pyloric stenosis

C. Lactase deficiency
D. Adrenogenital syndrome, a form of solteryayuschaya

E. Achalasia of the esophagus ( cardiospasm )

714. In the hospital hospitalized child 7 months for severe pneumonia and

recurrent gastrointestinal syndrome. Pay attention to the status of the mass deficit

22% of the body , delayed psychomotor development pace , physical changes in the lungs,

increase the size of the stomach. A chair with a rich viscous oily luster and putrid

odor.

Rate the character dystrophy patient.

A. I Wasting degree

B. Wasting II degree

C. Wasting III level

D. Paratrofiya

715. Specify the most likely cause of degeneration in this case .

A. Intestinal dysbiosis

B. Cystic Fibrosis

C. Celiac Disease

D. Lactase deficiency

716. A doctor examines a child at home 1 month for diarrhea and malnutrition 1

degree. A history : from the birth stool unstable . In the last 2 weeks chair 8-10

once a day, copious, watery , without pathological impurities with a sour smell.

Defecation is accompanied by an expression of concern and discharge of the child

High amounts of gases . The patient is on breastfeeding .

Specify the most likely cause of malnutrition in this patient .

A. Intestinal dysbiosis

C. Lactase deficiency
C. Celiac Disease

D. Cystic fibrosis

E. None of the above

717. Local pediatrician examines a child 1 month of age at the lack of

weight gain . In the history of indications weighed perinatal

frequent copious vomiting from birth, fragile chairs (striping

constipation and diarrhea ) , restless sleep . Underweight 11%.

Rate the character dystrophy patient.

A. I Wasting degree

B. Wasting II degree

C. Wasting III level

D. Gipostatura

E. Paratrofiya

718. Specify the most likely cause of malnutrition in this patient :

A. Intestinal dysbiosis

V. Pyloric stenosis

C. Lactase deficiency

D. pilorospazme

719. What are the risk factors for the development of prenatal malnutrition

A. Late toxicosis pregnant

B. The threat of termination of pregnancy

C. Anemia in pregnant

D. The weight gain during pregnancy for 5 kg

E. All of the above

720. The main reason for the development of kwashiorkor :

A protein deficiency

B. Carbohydrate starvation

C. All of the above

721. Enter your guesses child with postnatal malnutrition P extent :

A. The development of psycho- emotional maladjustment

B. Reduction of reproductive function

C. The lag in physical development

D. All of the above

722. At the reception, a neurologist boy 6 months at the gross rate of delay

psychomotor development. In history : a prolonged transient jaundice , prolonged

umbilical wound healing , excessive weight at birth and beyond

life , and constipation. On examination, marked a low tone of voice the child , the stiffness of hair,

swelling of the skin and subcutaneous fat , excess weight of 25%.

The pathology of organs and systems are likely contributed to the development paratrofii

in this case?

A. Central Nervous System

B. Adrenal

C. Thyroid

D. The genital glands

723. Specify the most unfavorable prognostic weighty growth

Figures for the full-term baby ?

A. Body weight 3700 , length 51 cm

B. Body weight 3300 , length 47 cm

C. The weight of the body in 2700 , length 47 cm

D. Body mass 2700 body length of 51 cm

3900 E. Body weight , body length 51 cm

724. The main causes of insanity in young children :

A protein deficiency

B. Protein- energy starvation

725. 7 months old baby with hypoplastic diathesis - limfatiko on artificial

feeding. Prefers milk porridge . Birthweight 3800g , in

Currently 9500g . The diagnosis paratrofii .

In favor of this diagnosis showed :

A. The excess of body weight compared with age- parameters

B. Immunosuppression

C. Reduction of tissue turgor

D. Reduced muscle tone

E. All of the above

726. A child of three months on artificial feeding . The diagnosis

n degrees of malnutrition .

The most preferred compound for the child :

A. Physiological ( adapted) from cow's milk

B. Adapted from goat's milk

C. Soy

D. Specialized milk for premature infants ( with high

protein )

727. For young children, eating disorders can cause a variety of

reasons .

The most favorable prognosis , when the development of malnutrition is caused by :

A nutritional factors
B. Perinatal CNS ( intrauterine growth retardation )

C. Chronic diseases sormaticheskimi

D. Chronic infectious diseases

E. Features of the Constitution

728. Kwashiorkor develops during starvation :

A. uglevodno

B. The protein

C. Adipose

D. micronutrient

E. all of the above

29. Children born with low birth weight in the future likely to develop :

A. Metabolic Syndrome

B. Type 1 diabetes

C. Reduction of blood pressure

D. gipotrofii in adulthood

E. All of the Above

730. Development of malnutrition in young children in modern conditions

promote:

A. Congenital malformations

B. Perinatal CNS

C. Chronic somatic origin

D. Chronic diseases of infectious origin

E. All of the above

rickets

731. Treating a child with signs of acute intoxication and vitamin D should
include :

A. Infusion therapy

B. Vitamin E

C. Vitamin A

D. Vitamin C

E. All of the above

732. The most significant manifestation of chronic vitamin D- intoxication

is :

A. Persistent vomiting

B. Severe anorexia

C. The progressive degeneration

D. Increased irritability

E. Pain in the joints

733. A child of ten months , who was born in the autumn, found bone deformities

chest and skull , muscular hypotonia, " frog belly ." Blood calcium 2.3

mmol / l ( standard - 2.5-2.7 mmol / l). Phosphorus - 1.71 mmol / L (normal - 1.3-2.3 mmol / l).

Most likely we are talking about the next period of rickets :

A. The peak

B. Initial

S. convalescence

D. Residual effects

734. When X-rays of the wrist in this child will take place:

A. Intermittent sealing zones of growth

B. Expansion and blurring of the growth zones

C. Excessive compaction zone growth

735. Child 4.5 months. Diagnosed with rickets , the initial period .

For this phase of the disease is characterized by laboratory data :

A. Hypocalcemia

V. Hypophosphatemia

S. alkalosis

D. All of the above .

736. This patient may have the following radiographic changes :

A cup-shaped extension of the epiphyses ,

B. Sealing growth areas ,

S. " Smear" growth areas ,

D. Minor osteoporosis

737. On calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the body is affected by:

A. 1.25 digidrokaltsiferol

B. Parathyroid hormone

C. Calcitonin

D. The hormones of the adrenal cortex

E. All of the above

738. In a study of children 6 months is a suspicion of chronic D-

vitamin intoxication, which can be determined at all, except:

A. Anorexia

V. large bulging fontanelle

S. Dystrophy

D. leykotsituriya

E. Changes to the cardiovascular system

739. A child of 10 months. In May, brought from the village , where he was 4 months old. getting a lot of
fresh milk , mashed potatoes, porridge. Walked a little. Body weight 10 kg, length - 75 cm

( birth weight 3200 g , length - 51 cm). Pale, pastozen , the skin moist, turgor

tissues is reduced. Sitting , leaning on hands , alone does not arise. Head " square "

nose " saddle " , the chest is deformed ( "chest cobbler ", " beads " ) .

Belly increased in volume , the difference rectus abdominis . The liver and spleen

slightly enlarged , firm . Chair unstable . Identified hypophosphatemia ,

hypocalcemia, increased serum alkaline phosphatase .

In this case, the most likely next phase of the rachitic process :

A. Initial

V. The peak

S. convalescence

D. Residual effects

740. Child 2.5 months (born at the beginning of November) , breast- feeding. The mother did not

hosted mineral- vitamin complex . In the last 2-3 weeks of restless , ill-

sleeping, startled in his sleep , potliv . Suckles less willing than before. chair

unstable . On examination : pale, moist skin , bald back of the head . tissue turgor

lowered. No visible deformation of the skeleton , the edges of the large fontanelle malleable .

The internal organs showed no pathological changes. Diagnosed with rickets .

In this case, most likely the next period of the disease:

A. Initial

V. The peak

S. convalescence

741. The most typical for an initial period of rickets following feature :

A. Reduction of tissue turgor

B. pallor
C. The unstable chair

D. Sweats

742. From the laboratory data for the initial period of rickets is characterized by:

A sharply positive test Sulkovicha

V. Hypophosphatemia

C. Hypocalcemia

D. Hypoproteinemia

E. None of the above

743. Baby 7.5 months. He was born at term , well- developed . With regard to getting rickets

Vitamin D2, for two months to 15 thousand IU per day. Recently, eats poorly ,

is vomiting , restlessness , thirst, constipation, body temperature is low-grade .

Expressed in the frontal and parietal bumps , " rosary " , a large fontanelle closed. meals sharply

reduced , the skin is dry and pale . There leykotsituriya .

The most likely cause of the deterioration of the child :

A. Urinary Infection

B. Dystrophy

C. Rickets

D. Hypervitaminosis D

744. A child diagnosed with rickets three months , the initial period .

Confirms the diagnosis :

A muscular hypotonia

B. Wince at the loud cry

C. Increased sweating

D. Sleep Disorders

E. All of the above

745. The diagnosis - rickets , the initial period . Its confirmed by the following

performance:

A. Increased levels of alkaline phosphatase

B. The level of calcium in the blood serum of 2.5 mmol / L (normal 2.5-2.7 mmol / l)

C. Level of serum phosphorus in 1.15 mmol / l (normal 1.3-2.3 mg / )

D. Minor osteoporosis on X-ray bone

E. All of the above

746. A child of 10 months. Diagnosed with rickets in the period of convalescence .

Only for this phase of rickets characterized by:

A. Acidosis

B. The deformation of the skeleton

C. The muscular hypotonia

D. Reducing the level of calcium in the blood at normal levels of phosphorus

747. At present, the child is shown :

A. Vitamin D2, oil solution

B. Vitamin Dz , the aqueous solution

S. Fish Oil

D. Massage , gymnastics

UFO E.

748. The baby 9 months ( born in early January ) revealed rachitic de formation

skeletal , muscular hypotonia , excessive sweating , hypocalcemia (when

normal parameters of phosphorus ) .

In this case, there is another period of rickets :

A. Initial

V. The peak
S. convalescence

D. Residual effects

749. Of these laboratory findings characteristic of the initial period of rickets :

A. Phosphorus 1.13 mmol / L (normal 1.3-2.3 mmol / l)

B. Calcium 2.66 mmol / L (normal 2.5-2.7 mmol / l)

C. The decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity

D. dysproteinemia

E. All of the above

750 . The baby was born full-term , weighing 2500 g , length 50 cm first teeth

appeared at 9 months. Walk started at 1 year 2 months. At 1 year 8 months paid

attention to the bending of the lower limbs. Suspected rickets, during the height .

This diagnosis correspond to all indicators, except :

A. Hyperhidrosis

B. saucer- epiphyseal bone on X-ray

C. Increasing alkaline phosphatase blood

D. A normal blood calcium level

E. hypochromic anemia

751. A child diagnosed two months initial period of rickets . treatment is not

conducted.

In a laboratory examination of this child of the following may be

identify :

A. Positive test Sulkovicha

B. hypocalcemia

S. hyperphosphatemia

D. Increasing the activity of alkaline phosphatase .

752. A child of three years old diagnosed vitamin D- resistant rickets .

This disease is typical:

A. Hypophosphatemia

B. The normal level of calcium in the blood

S. hyperphosphaturia

D. Normal urine calcium

E. All of the above

753. The child 11.5 months (born in December) marked over- developed frontal

bumps , chest deformity , decreased muscle tone , the biochemical and

X-ray examination revealed no pathology . Specific treatment and

prevention of rickets was not performed. Feeding and daily routine in the last 6 months

correct .

What period of rickets is most likely in this case?

A. Initial

V. The peak

S. Rekonvalestsenii

D. The residual effects

754. In 10 -month-old child diagnosed with rickets during the height . pronounced

parietal bumps , " rosary ", " brasletki " big belly , muscular hypotonia . baby

sitting , leaning on hands, does not arise. Dream a little disturbed, moderate sweating .

In this patient the disease :

A. Acute

B. Subacute

755. Secondary ( acquired) tubulopathy may occur when :

A. Diseases of the liver ( hepatitis, cirrhosis , drug-induced )

B. inflammatory kidney diseases

S. dysmetabolic nephropathy

D. storage disease ( glycogenosis , illness Vilsona_Konovalova )

E. All of the above

756. Intense bone growth in young children while

histological maturation makes them very sensitive to any

adverse effects . Very often these children found

osteomalacia , which is characterized by :

A reduction in bone mass per unit volume relative to the normal

indicator microarchitectural trabecular

V.Demineralizatsiya skeletal accumulation of increased amounts of

unmineralized osteoid .

757. Vitamin D deficiency is more common :

A case of chronic liver diseases

B. In chronic kidney disease

C. hypoparathyroidism

D. Older people

E. In all of the above

758. It is considered optimal for infants prophylactic daily dose

vitamin E ( in IU )

A. 200-400

600 V.

S. 800

759. Which of the following drugs is best to recommend a full-term

child five months of receiving the adapted milk mixture and once
vegetable puree industrial production , with rickets 1 degree in the high stage ?

A. Vitamin Dz (cholecalciferol )

B. Preparations phosphorus

C. Calcium

D. Multitabs Baby (vitamins A, C, D )

760. For what rickets disease is characterized by the following clinical

picture : often develops around the age of 2 years , there is a bone age advance

2-3 years progressive varus deformity of the knee , lack of growth

normal body weight , in the blood levels of calcium , potassium, sodium normal,

significantly reduced levels of phosphorus , hyperphosphaturia ?

A. Vitamin D- dependent rickets

B. Vitamin D- resistant rickets

C. Renal tubular acidosis

D. Disease de Toni - Debre - Fanconi

761. For what rickets disease is characterized by the following clinical

picture: the more likely to develop in the first year of life , the normal parameters of bone

age, varus deformity in the lower third of the tibia and valgus - the knee ,

in the analysis of reduced blood levels of calcium, phosphorus levels usually normal or reduced

moderately . Urinalysis hyperphosphaturia , generalized giperaminoatsiduriya .

A. Vitamin D- dependent rickets

B. Vitamin D- resistant rickets

C. Renal tubular acidosis

D. Disease de Toni - Debre - Fanconi

762. For what rickets disease is characterized by the following clinical

picture: the more likely to develop in 1-2 years , pronounced muscular hypotonia , polyuria,
polydipsia , hepatomegaly , and constipation. Valgus legs , low growth and sharply

subalimentation . In the analysis of reduced blood levels of calcium, phosphorus , potassium, sodium

metabolic acidosis in the analysis of urine - hypercalciuria . The propensity to nephrolithiasis .

A. Vitamin D- dependent rickets

B. Vitamin D- resistant rickets

C. Renal tubular acidosis

D. Disease de Toni - Debre - Fanconi

763. For what rickets disease characterized by the following clinical

picture : often develops around the age of 3 years , polyuria , polydipsia , vomiting,

muscle pain , rough failure to thrive with a delay of bone age

lethargy , weakness, hepatomegaly , constipation , progressive multiple bone

deformation. In the analysis of reduced blood levels of calcium, sodium , potassium, and especially

Phosphorus expressed as metabolic acidosis, in the analysis of urine - expressed

giperaminoatsiduriya , hyperphosphaturia , glycosuria .

A. Vitamin D- dependent rickets

B. Vitamin D- resistant rickets

C. Renal tubular acidosis

D. Disease de Toni - Debre - Fanconi

764. When the O- shaped curvature of the legs in a child 3 years old with a growth deficit in normal

body weight can think of :

A. rickets

B. renal acidosis tubulyarnome

C. Diseases de Toni - Debre - Fanconi

D. Natal injury of the lumbar spinal cord

E. Vitamin D- resistant rickets

765. Suspicion of rickets disease in a patient with signs of rickets

occurs when :

A. W rickets severity

B. Bone deformities , especially of the lower extremities , a child older than three

years

C. Renal disease

D. The presence of low-growing family

E. all of the above

766. We prove a genetic predisposition to rickets .

It is more common and more severe :

A. If I (0) blood group of boys

Q. When II (A) blood group of boys

C. I (0) blood group , girls

D. In II (A) blood group , girls

767. In preterm infants compared with full-term there are certain features

rickets :

A. Later ( after 2-3 months of age ) began

B. The prevalence of neurological changes in early disease

C. The prevalence of bone changes

D. Less prominent biochemical changes

E. All of the above

768 . All of the following occurs when rahitopodobnyh diseases. but one

the most characteristic feature :

A. Low-growing family

B. Deformation of the bone with relatives

C. The lag in the growth of the child

D. Urinary Syndrome child

E. O-or X-shaped curvature of the legs , continuing after 3-4 years

769. Hypovitaminosis D develops at:

A. Chronic liver disease, kidney

B. Malabsorption of various origins

C. Long reception of anticonvulsants

D. Hereditary defects matabolizma vitamin D

E. All of the above conditions

770. The girl is 2.5 years varus bending of the lower extremities , weight 15 kg,

height 80 cm Blood type: hypophosphatemia , increased serum alkaline phosphatase . 1.5

months ago was diagnosed with rickets during the height of the 2nd degree of severity : received

vitamin D2 in the dose of 2500 IU per day without effect.

Further tactics pediatrician :

A. Increasing doses of vitamin D2 to 5000 IU per day

B. Increasing doses of vitamin D2 to 10,000 IU per day

C. Continuation of treatment with vitamin D2 at a dose of 2500 IU per day 1 more month

D. Consultation genetics to avoid rickets disease

E. Replacement of vitamin D2 to vitamin Dz , the aqueous solution

771. Should be suspected neurological abnormalities in the syndrome of rickets in

the following situation:

A. Having only increased excitability and excessive sweating

B. The prevalence of neurological symptoms over the bony changes

C. Availability of aggravated perinatal history

D. The bell-shaped chest in the first two months of life

E. In all the above situations,

772. For the synthesis of the daily amount of vitamin D is enough sunlight

body parts ( hands or face ) for :

A. 10 minutes

B. 30 minutes

S. 1:00

D. 1.5 hours

773. In the construction of the bone involved the following number of micro-and

macronutrients :

Less than 10 A.

V. 11-20

S. 21-30

D. More than 30

774. Micronutrient deficiency in pregnant women is due to :

A. Reduction of energy consumption in modern lifestyles

B. Imperfections structure of the diet

C. Intensive processing of food

D. When growing vegetables and fruits with the use of intensive farming

to increase yield

E. all of the above

775. Currently, human milk has a low bioavailability often

value.

This is primarily due to :

A. Adverse environmental conditions

B. Chronic diseases of mother

S. precedes abortion

D. improper food ( micronutrient deficiency ) pregnant and cor

myaschih

E. bad habits

776. To the mother's milk is the "gold standard" of baby food ,

need all of the following for pregnant and nursing , but in the first place:

A. Walking out

B. The complex exercise as

C. A varied diet with adequate intake of protein, fat , coal conclusions

D. The absence of bad habits

E. Standing on a special mineral- vitamin complex

777. Critical periods for the formation of genetically programmed peak

Bone :

A. The prenatal period

B. The first three years of life

S. puberty

D. All of the above

778. Index intellectual development (IQ), mainly genetically query -

ory .

Of exogenous factors on the IQ may affect mainly :

A. Early administration of mineral and vitamin complex

B. Educational games , activities

C. Sports

D. hardening

779. A child aged 2 months to get a course of vitamin D - within one month of the
2500 IU daily. At 5 months, he noted CNS depression , pronounced

hypotension, muscle , bone changes as craniotabes , rough skull deformation ,

chest and limbs . There are changes in the internal organs

(tachycardia , muted tones of heart , shortness of breath , hard breathing , anorexia,

hepatomegaly , unstable chair).

Most likely the child :

A. Rickets , height , W severity

B. Hypervitaminosis D

C. Hereditary tubulopathy

D. None of the above

780 . Currently, long-term , sometimes lifelong , save the following

residual deformation of the skeleton after suffering rickets in infancy :

A. Ploskorahitichesky pelvis

V. O-or X-shaped bending of the lower limbs

C. The chest deflection (" chest cobbler ", " chicken breast" )

D. Increasing the size of head circumference

E. None of the above

781 . The child 6 months have the following clinical picture : anorexia,

trouble sleeping , irritability , degeneration , premature

closure of a large fontanelle , tachycardia, leykotsituriya . Pre6dpolagaetsya overdose

vitamin D.

It is typical for:

A. Acute intoxication with vitamin D

B. Chronic intoxication with vitamin D

782. The baby 3 months, we have the following clinical picture : neurotoxicosis ,
anorexia, agonizing thirst , dehydration , a tendency to constipation . It is assumed

overdose of vitamin D.

It is typical for:

A. Acute intoxication with vitamin D

B. Chronic intoxication with vitamin D

anemia

783. 8 months old baby was born with a weight of 2800g . There nesovmestimomost the mother's blood

and the child's Rh factor . The neonatal period proceeded smoothly. is

mixed feeding . With 4 months gets porridge , rarely - vegetable

pyure.Pri examination the child is pale , pastozen . The liver and spleen were slightly enlarged. In

analysis of blood Hb - 80 g / l, er . - 3.2 1012 / L , the number of reticulocytes - 4.0 % 0

In this case the most probable form of anemia is :

A. Alimentary

B. Early anemia of prematurity

C. Late anemia of prematurity

D. Hereditary Hemolytic ( Minkowski Chauffard )

E. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

784. In the development of anemia in this child had the following critical

pathogenetic mechanism :

A. Inadequate dietary intake of iron and trace elements

B. deficiency of protein, vitamins , and trace elements iron birth

C. The low activity of enzymes that provide a synthesis of heme

D. The development of antibodies to red blood cells

E. Hemolysis of red blood cells

785 . A premature baby at the age of 1.5 months. Weight at birth in 2100
Feeds erratically. The mother's milk a lot. Well gaining weight. Not sick .

The liver and spleen were not enlarged. At a blood Hb - 106 g / l, er . - 3.1h1012 / l.

In this case the most probable form of anemia is :

A. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

B. Early anemia of prematurity

C. Late anemia of prematurity

D. Alimentary

786. Baby 4.5 months from the first pregnancy , was born in asphyxia , premature , with

weighing 1700 A mother A (II) blood , the child - In (III). nurse

mother's milk . In gaining weight well . When medical examinations

revealed lethargy , pallor, a systolic murmur , a slight enlargement of the spleen and

liver. Hb - 70 g / l, er . - 3.1h1012 / l, col. index - 0.69 .

In this case the most probable form of anemia is :

A. Hemolytic disease of the newborn by the ABO system

B. Early anemia of prematurity

C. Late anemia of prematurity

D. Alimentary

Hereditary hemolytic E. ( Minkowski Chauffard )

787 . In the development of anemia in this child had the following critical

pathogenetic mechanism :

A. The development of antibodies to red blood cells

B. Iron deficiency and trace elements in the depot at birth

C. Insufficient intake of iron and micronutrients from food

D. The prevalence of fetal hemoglobin at birth

E. Congenital defect of red blood cells membrane protein structures

788. A child of 1 year 2 months, was born prematurely . The mother I (0) blood group, in

Child II ( A). Artificial feeding . All kinds of foods getting late,

often sick , the chair is unstable . On examination, pale skin with jaundice

shade, splenomegaly ( 4 cm below the costal margin ) . In the analysis of blood Hb -

80 g / l, er . - 2h1012 / l tsv.pokazatel - 1.2 , reticulocytes - about 20% , free bilirubin - 34

mol / l.

In this case the most probable form of anemia is :

A. Alimentary

B. Hemolytic disease of the newborn by the ABO system

C. Late anemia of prematurity

D. Hereditary Hemolytic ( Minkowski Chauffard )

E. None of these

789. The child 8 years with anemia Minkowski Chauffard after myocardial in-

infectious diseases developed aplastic crisis.

For a given state of the most characteristic of the next change in the blood :

A. spherocytosis

B. Thrombocytosis

C. Improving the color index

D. Reticulocytosis

790 . In this case shows the following treatment:

A. Corticosteroids

B. Cytostatics

S. Splenectomy

791. Child 6 months. Poorly developed , often sick . He was born on the 38th of the 39th week

pregnancy. There is incompatibility between the blood of mother and child on the Rh factor .
Breast-fed cow's milk and yogurt . Complementary foods do not. at the dispensary

the survey revealed the following: Hb - 92 g / l, er . - 3.9h1012 / l.

In this case, the most likely :

A nutritional anemia

V. The hereditary hemolytic anemia ( Minkowski Chauffard )

C. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

D. Late anemia of prematurity

792. For nutritional anemia is characterized by the following lab value :

A low color index

B. High color index

S. Reticulocytosis

D. Reduction of osmotic resistance of erythrocytes

E. Increased levels of free bilirubin

793. For late anemia of prematurity is characterized by all except :

A decrease in serum iron

B. Increasing iron-binding capacity of the blood

S. gipohromiya erythrocytes

D. Enhancement of free bilirubin

794 . The child 1 year 9 months diagnosed with hereditary hemolytic anemia

Minkowski Chauffard . Hb - 70 g / l, er . - 2.1h1012 / l.

For this anemia is characterized by all laboratory values , other than:

A. microspherocytosis

B. reticulocytosis

C. Enhancement of free bilirubin

D. gipohromiya erythrocytes
795. That child presented with the following treatment:

A. Vitamin B12

B. Iron preparations

C. Digestive Enzymes

D. Control of the daily routine and nutrition

796. In severe anemia early preterm baby of two months to

be treated .

The most appropriate to have :

A red cell

B. The washed red blood cells

S. Erythropoietin

D. Erythropoietin and iron supplements

797 . For nutritional anemia is characterized by all indicators, except :

A. Increasing iron binding capacity of serum

B. gipohromiya , anizohromii , anisocytosis

C. Enhancement of free bilirubin

D. The low color index

E. Reduction of plasma transferrin saturation ratio

798 . The baby of 8 months. He was born at 38-39 weeks of gestation . Located on the use of

artificially fed infants. Lure of eating poorly . Suffered indigestion and otitis media . at

dispensary study diagnosed nutritional anemia . Hb - 80 g / l, er . -

3.5 1012 / l.

This treatment is appropriate to have a child :

A red cell

B. Injections of vitamin B12

C. Iron preparations

799. Child 1 year 9 months. Birth weight 1800 g , height 43 cm The mother 0 (I)

blood group A child (II). Artificially nourished . static Functions

developed late. During flu detected anemia . The skin is pale with jaundice

shade, spleen 4 cm below the costal margin . In the analysis of blood - Hb - 70 g / l, er . -

2.1 1012 / L tsv.pokazatel - 1.0 .

In this case, the most likely anemia :

A. The hereditary hemolytic ( Minkowski Chauffard )

B. Alimentary

C. Hemolytic disease of the newborn by the ABO system

D. Late anemia of prematurity

E. Neither of the above

800 . The child was diagnosed 5.5 months later anemia of prematurity.

Nourished properly . Several times ill SARS.

For formation of anemia in this case had the following meaning :

A. The prevalence of fetal hemoglobin at birth

B. Insufficient intake of iron from food

C. The low activity of enzymes that provide a synthesis of heme

D. Iron deficiency at birth

801. The child is in the hospital about prematurity , at the age of 35

days for the first time detected anemia . Nourished adapted milk formula.

Suffered SARS. In the mother's blood group (III), the Child - A (II). In the analysis of the child's blood Hb

- 90 g / l, er . - 2.5h1012 / l tsv.pokazatel - 1.1 reticulocyte count - 0.8%.

In this case, the most likely :

A. The early anemia of prematurity

B. Late anemia of prematurity

C. Hemolytic disease of the newborn by the ABO system

D. nutritional anemia

802. Your opinion confirms the following:

A. The value of color index

B. The number of reticulocytes

C. Incompatibility of blood of the mother and child on the ABO system

D. Defects feeding

803. A child from the first pregnancy . Age of 4.5 months. Weight at birth in 2100

A premature . Feeds erratically. The mother's milk a lot. Well gaining

weight. Not sick . At a blood accidentally revealed anemia . Hb - 80 g / l, er . -

3.3 1012 / L, color index - 0.7. The liver and spleen were not enlarged. there is

blood incompatibility of mother and child on the Rh factor .

In this case, the most likely :

A nutritional anemia

B. Early anemia of prematurity

C. Late anemia of prematurity

D. The hereditary hemolytic anemia ( Minkowski Chauffard )

E. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

804. In the later development of anemia of prematurity is critical :

A deficiency of iron and trace elements at birth

B. Lack of iron absorption in the gastrointestinal tract

C. Insufficient intake of iron and micronutrients from food

D. Congenital defect erythrocyte membrane protein structures

E. Hemolysis of red blood cells

805. Inorganic ferrous salt form insoluble salts and

excreted in the feces with the following dietary ingredients :

A. Rice, soy flour

Q. Tea , coffee

S. Fish , seafood

D. all of the products listed above

806. The child 1 month 10 days diagnosed early anemia of prematurity.

In connection with the child anemia shows:

A. Vitamin B12

B. Iron preparations

C. Transfusion of packed red blood cells

D. Follow-up examination in 2-3 weeks

807. Maltorfer ( Iron III) - hydroxide polimaltozny complex) is excreted in the feces

with the following dietary ingredients :

A. Rice, soy flour

Q. Tea , coffee

S. Fish , seafood

D. No output with the listed products

808. A child at the age of one and a half months premature , mixed feeding .

Not sick . Spotted an early anemia of prematurity.

For formation of anemia in this case had the value :

A. Iron deficiency at birth

B. Low production of erythropoietin

C. Insufficient intake of iron from food

D. None of the above

809. The baby 5 months at the dispensary examination revealed iron

anemia .

In view of the data history leading cause of anemia in this case :

A. Prematurity degree F

B. asphyxia at birth

C. Feeding adapted mixture

D. The absence in the diet of cottage cheese

E. The absence in the diet of egg yolk

810. Child 7 months , 2 weeks premature , poorly developed , often sick .

Nourished yogurt and cow's milk, foods do not. The mother blood

Rh-negative , the child - Rh polozhitelnaya.Pri dispensary examination

revealed anemia . Hb - 92 g / l, er . - 3.9h1012 / l

In this case the most probable diagnosis

A nutritional anemia

B. Late anemia of prematurity

C. Implications of hemolytic disease of the newborn for the Rh factor

D. Neither of these

811. The main cause of early anemia of prematurity :

A. Low production of erythropoietin

B. Exhaustion of neonatal iron stores

C. Artificial feeding

D. None of the above

812 . The child 2 years of age revealed anemia . Hb - 65 g / l, er . - 2.7h1012 / l , the number of re -

tikulotsitov - 6 % 0 , serum iron binding capacity - 80 pmol / l

(norm - 40,6-62,5 mmol / l )

In this case, the most likely next anemia :

A. Hemolytic

B. Iron

S. Belkovodefitsitnaya

D. Vitaminodefitsitnaya

E. Hypoplastic

813. The child 4 years of age diagnosed moderate iron deficiency anemia

gravity.

This confirms the diagnosis :

A. Hb 70 g / l,

B. Red blood cells 3.0h1012 / l

C. Color index 0.7

D. Increase of total iron binding capacity of serum

E. All of the above

814. The child was diagnosed two years vitamindefitsitnaya anemia .

The basis for the diagnosis of this was the :

A. megaloblastoz

B. Reduction of the number of reticulocytes

S. Anisocytosis

D. The increase in color index

E. All of the above

815. For latent iron deficiency is characterized by:

A. Decreased hemoglobin concentration

B. Reduced color index

C. Decreased blood levels of ferritin syvorotkki

D. All of the above is true

816. Children 4 months old, was born in the 34th week of her second pregnancy , there is a

blood incompatibility of mother and child on the Rh factor . nurse

adapted mixture. During a respiratory disease revealed anemia . - Hb -90

g / l, er . - 3.8h1012 / l.

In this case, the most likely anemia :

A. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

B. Early anemia of prematurity

C. Late anemia of prematurity

D. Alimentary

E. Hemolytic anemia Minkowski Chauffard

817. Baby 3.5 months , was born on 32 th week of pregnancy. The mother - Rhesus blood

negative , the child - Rh-positive . Feeding dry adapted

mixture. Poorly developed , pale, his head does not hold . Hb - 80 g / l, er . - 3.4h1012 / l.

In this case the most probable diagnosis

A. The early anemia of prematurity

B. Late anemia of prematurity

C. Hemolytic disease of the newborn for the Rh factor .

818. With late anemia of prematurity following treatment it is advisable to :

A. Vitamin B12 intramuscularly

B. Enter the cottage cheese as a subsidy protein

S. albumin intravenously

D. iron therapy

819. Weight of a premature baby at birth 1450 g , length 41 cm from the department

child was discharged at the age of 3.5 months . with a mass of 3500 g , length 51 cm on the natural
feeding. Maternal blood group B ( B) A child (II). In blood test : Hb - 85 g / l,

er . - 3.0h1012 / l.

Red blood parameters correspond to :

A. The early anemia of prematurity

B. Late anemia of prematurity

C. Hemolytic disease of the newborn by the ABO system

D. nutritional anemia

E. The physiological significance for the child's age

820. In premature infants at the age of one and a half months is diagnosed early

anemia of prematurity.

For this anemia is characterized by:

A. Thrombocytopenia

B. Reticulocytosis

S. megaloblastoz

D. hyperchromia

821. In the investigation of the child's blood Hb two months - 105 g / l, er . - 3.0h1012 / l. born

at the 34th week of gestation , weighing 2000 breast-fed mothers

randomly gaining weight well . Now weight 4700 g liver and spleen were not

increased. Blood Group II ( A) , the mother - III ( B).

In this case the most probable diagnosis

A. The early anemia of prematurity

B. Late anemia of prematurity

C. Hemolytic disease of the newborn by the ABO system

D. Physiological child of this age data

822. Premature baby , bottle-fed . The mother 1 ( 0) group

the blood, the baby P (A). The hemoglobin systematically monitored. In

the age of one month for the first time detected anemia : Hb - 70 g / l, er . - 2.1h1012 / l. liver

1.5 cm , the spleen was not palpable .

In this case, the most likely :

A. Hemolytic disease of the newborn by the ABO system

V. nutritional anemia

C. The early anemia of prematurity

D. Late anemia of prematurity

E. The hereditary hemolytic anemia ( Minkowski Chauffard )

823. The child of the second pregnancy of twins, triplets, premature . nurse

donor milk. The mother Rh-negative blood , the child Rh- positive

tive . The amount of hemoglobin systematically monitored. At the age of 1 month

7 days for the first time marked by anemia . Hb - 75 g / l, er . - 2.2h1012 / l.

In this case the most probable diagnosis

A. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

V. The hereditary hemolytic anemia ( Minkowski Chauffard )

C. Late anemia of prematurity

D. Early anemia of prematurity

E. nutritional anemia

824. Age boy 10 months. He was born at 37 weeks gestation with a mass of 3100 have

Mother's Blood 1 ( 0) groups , the child - A ( P). From birth on artificial

fed goat's milk . From 5 months gets cereal, vegetable puree . twice

ill SARS. In the analysis of blood Hb 88 g / l, 3.4 1012 erythrocytes / l, serum iron 8.9

mmol / L (normal - 10,6-33,6 mmol / l ), total iron binding capacity

Serum 73.4 mmol / L (normal 40,6-62,5 mmol / L).

In this case, the most likely :

A. Sideroblastic anemia

V. nutritional anemia

C. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

D. Late anemia of prematurity

E. The hereditary hemolytic anemia Minkowski Chauffard

825 . In this case it is shown :

A. Iron supplements (oral )

B -complex vitamins for infants

C. Enzymes

D. Meat lure

E. All of the above

826. Of the following hypochromic anemia is :

A. The early anemia of prematurity

B. Hereditary pancytopenic ( Fanconi anemia and anemia estrogen

Dameshek )

S. Hereditary Hemolytic anemia Minkowski Chauffard

D. Late anemia of prematurity

827. The boy 3 years after undergoing SARS appeared jaundiced. On examination

draws attention to failure to thrive , tower skull , broad

bridge of the nose . Pale skin with a jaundiced hue. The liver performs at 3 cm

from the costal margin . The spleen 4 cm below the costal margin . Dense. Used in analysis

Blood : Hb 84 g / L , red blood cells 2.5 1012 / L, spherocytosis , left-hand curve offset

Price-Jones .

In the child can assume one of the following anemias :

A. Thalassemia

B. Hereditary Hemolytic Minkowski Chauffard

C. Hereditary hemolytic due to deficiency of glucose -6-

phosphate dehydrogenase

D. Sideroblastic

E. Acquired aplastic

828. For a hereditary hemolytic anemia characterized by the Minkowski - Chauffard all .

except for:

A. spherocytosis

B. Left-sided displacement curve Price-Jones

S. reticulocytosis

D. Mishenevidnyh erythrocytes

829. The main pathogenic factor in the development of hemolytic anemia

Minkowski Chauffard is :

A. Violation of iron intake of young erythroid cells

B. Changes in the structure of hemoglobin

C. Congenital defect erythrocyte membrane protein structures

D. Iron deficiency in the body

E. Protein deficiency , vitamin in the body

830. 4 years old boy at a reception at the pediatrician after suffering SARS. On examination

are lagging behind in physical development . Pale skin , in

axillary and inguinal areas of patchy hyperpigmentation of the skin. there is a flaw

development of bones , hypoplasia of the sky. In blood test : 85 g Hb / l RBCs 2.5 1012 / L

0.2% reticulocytes , platelets 12,0 x109 / L 3.4 x 109 leukocytes / liter. In bone

brain - hypoplastic erythropoiesis .

In this case, the probability :

A. Hereditary pancytopenic aplastic anemia

B. Hereditary hemolytic anemia Minkowski Chauffard

S. Thalassemia

D. folic acid deficiency anemia

831. The reception was at the pediatrician child 3 years. On examination, the child lethargic, there is a
delay

physical and mental development. Pale skin with a jaundiced hue.

Hepatosplenomegaly . In the blood, decreased hemoglobin and red blood cells , reticulocytosis ,

Found mishenevidnye red blood cells , increased levels of free bilirubin .

In this case, the probability anemia :

A. Minkowski Chauffard

B. Fanconi

S. Infantile piknotsitoz

D. Thalassemia

E. Hereditary Hemolytic anemia due to deficiency

glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase

832. The duration of treatment with iron in its latent deficiency :

A. Up to one month

B. Up to three months

C. 4-5 months

833. The bioavailability of iron is dependent on:

A. Presence or absence of ascorbic acid

B. The nature of the protein component supply

C. Presence or absence of phytic acid

D. The chemical formula of iron

E. all of the above

834. Child 1.5 years. Born prematurely III degree. Often sick . Eating poorly ,

especially vegetables . On examination - skin pale icteric , splenomegaly . HB - 70 g / l,

red blood cells 2.0 1012 / l. Serum bilirubin - 40 pmol / l. The mother 0 (I)

blood , the child - A (II).

In this case, the most likely anemia :

A. Alimentary

B. Late anemia of prematurity

C. Implications of hemolytic disease of the newborn by the ABO system

D. Vitaminodefitsitnaya

E. Neither of the above

The anomalies of the constitution

835. Typical laboratory data for a child with limfatiko -

hypoplastic diathesis are:

A. neutrocytosis

B. lymphocytosis

S. Hyperglycemia

D. Hypophosphatemia

E. All of the above

836. A child of three years is in the intensive care unit at the SARS flowing

toxicosis and cardiovascular disorders. Sick for two days. The boy lethargic , pale,

subcutaneous tissue impasto . On the skin of the buttocks and lower extremities neobilnye

'Dry' eruptions behind the ears oozing , blepharitis . Generalized lymphadenopathy ,

moderate hepatosplenomegaly

Rate premorbid background child

A. exudative catarrhal diathesis

B Strep infection

S. Limfatiko - hypoplastic constitution

D. Nerve arthritic diathesis

837. Child four months of breastfeeding . Developing well .

Initiated the introduction of complementary foods as semolina . Became restless, moody , there

flushing of the cheeks , chin, scaly desquamation of the eyebrows , itchy rash

feet. A small conjunctival hyperemia . Chair speeded , thinned .

Appeared symptoms can be explained as:

A. Urticaria

B. exudative catarrhal diathesis

S. Limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis

D. Respiratory Infection

E. coli infection

838. In the clinic enrolled child of eight months , often ailing respiratory

disease is more severe and long-lasting . A child of excess supply , there is little

mobile, subcutaneous tissue impasto . Over the ear shells crust, after removal

which appears oozing . There are blepharitis , an increase of all groups

lymph nodes. X-ray examination revealed an increase in the thymus

cancer.

Available in child's symptoms can be explained as a manifestation of :

A. myxedema ( hypothyroidism )

B. exudative catarrhal diathesis

S. Hodgkin's disease

D. Limfatiko - hypoplastic constitution

E. Nerve arthritic diathesis

839. The mother went to the doctor due to a significant delay in the mass of his son, 6

years. The boy is very mobile , restless , easily excitable . Poor appetite , sleep

anxious, sometimes vomiting . In the history of dysuria episode unchanged in the urine . on

moderate skin manifestations of neurodermatitis .

The above clinical picture may occur when :

A. exudative catarrhal diathesis

B. gastroduodenite

S. Limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis

D. Nerve arthritic diathesis

840. Confirm this assumption , you can:

A patch test

B. X-ray of the cervical spine

S. Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy

D. A common blood test

E. The definition of uric acid in the blood

841. In order to correct the existing violations child with neuro - arthritic diathesis

is required:

A limitation in the diet of porridge

V. diet with restriction of broths , vegetables containing purine

base

C. Exclusion from the diet of dairy products

842. The mother appealed to the clinic with a baby of six months with persistent dis -

propagation of changes in the skin in the form of atopic dermatitis.

One of the factors relevant to the development of dermatitis , can be:

A. Artificial feeding from one month

B. Chlamydia mother

C. Carrying a child UFO

D. The presence of domesticated plants

843. In the development of atopic dermatitis in the child could have a value of :

A. Hyperproduction immunoglobulin E

B. Giperkomplementemiya

S. Hyperproduction glucocorticosteroids

D. hypercalcemia

E. Increased levels of triglycerides

844. A child of one year two months turned to a pediatrician about frequent with SARS

intrusive cough unstable chair. On examination, pay attention seborrhea,

" Geographic " tongue, lymphadenopathy , subcutaneous tissue friability , moderate

enlarged liver and spleen, " beads " on the edges . In the analysis of a large amount of urine

epithelium.

Current symptoms are observed at :

A chronic respiratory process

B. Anomalies constitution

C. The height of rickets

D. Urinary Tract Infections

E. enterocolitis

845.Naibolee likely outcome of an existing symptom may be :

A. bronchiectasis

B. The development of allergic disease

C. Chronic renal failure

D. Formation of a narrowed pelvic ploskorahiticheskogo

E. Ulcerative Colitis

846. On examination of six children diagnosed overweight, diaper rash in the area

buttocks , redness and peeling of the cheeks, " geographic " tongue. parents report

unstable chair , recurrent rhinitis , sweating .

Identified symptoms characteristic :

A swing of rickets

B. endocrine disorders

S. exudative catarrhal diathesis

847. Violations of this patient due to :

A violation of the metabolism of vitamin D (intoxication )

B. Deficiency of immunoglobulin A

C. hypocalcemia

D. Increased permeability of the gastrointestinal tract

E. All of the listed

848. A child and a half years , often ill with colds , taken out to the south,

to the sea. A few days later came the eyelids and conjunctival redness , flushing of the skin

face and shoulders , frequent stools . On the skin of the buttocks, extensor surfaces of the hands and
feet

marked with small pink itchy papules .

In this case, most likely the case :

A. Intestinal infection

B. Scabies

S. Rubella

D. Allergic reaction

E. Acute respiratory disease

849. The baby 5 months of receiving breast milk and apple puree, appeared

mucous discharge from the nose , redness , and peeling of the skin infiltration of the cheeks,

hyperplasia of cervical lymph nodes , soft stools . The mother has eaten in the last days

some oranges . She expressed catarrhal phenomena .

It is most likely that the child :

A. ENTEROCOLITIS

B. exudative catarrhal anomaly constitution

C. Nerve arthritic diathesis

D. Acute respiratory infection

850. The child must :

A. Antibiotics

B. Exclusion from the child's diet apple sauce

C. Correction of maternal nutrition

D. Transfer to a mixture of allergenic

851. The mother went to the doctor with a five year old son about his irritability and

emerging joint pain occurring at night. The boy develops

good, but a little behind in the mass. The child's mother is suffering from neurasthenia , grandmother

calculous cholecystitis .

Available in a child simptormy likely explains :

A weakness of the ligaments

B. Physical overload

C. The weakness of muscles

D. Violation of purine metabolism

852. Limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis is most often seen :

A. In the newborn period

B. In the first year of life

C. In the second year of life

D. In 6-7 years later

853. On chest radiography in a child with prolonged bronchitis revealed

thymomegaly . Diagnosed limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis .

For this form of the constitution are typical clinical manifestations:

A. hypermotor

B. Dystrophy

C. Increased excitability

D. Frequent vomiting

E. None of the above

854. A child of four months on the face , chest and buttocks there are areas

irritation , oozing .

Risk factors for the development of atopic dermatitis are:

A. Moved SARS

B. Prematurity

C. Artificial feeding

855. A child of ten years surveyed about arthralgia and pain in the abdomen. identified

neuro- arthritic type of constitution .

The reason this condition is :

A. Hyperproduction immune complexes

B. Increased levels of immunoglobulin E

C. Violation of the microcirculation

D. Violation of uric acid metabolism

E. degranulation of mast cells

856. At the neuro- arthritic type of constitution in the future may develop :

A. Bronchial Asthma

B. Obesity

C. Gout

D. Rheumatoid Arthritis

857. A child diagnosed 10 months limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis .

These children tend to :

A. gipokortitsizm

B. Hyperparathyroidism

S. Hypoparathyroidism

D. Hyperthyroidism

858. Child 10 months with hypotonia , thymomegaly , hyperplasia of all groups

lymph nodes , looseness , impasto subcutaneous tissue of respiratory ill

infection. Severe disease , with symptoms of toxicity and kollaptoidnye

reactions.

Has a value of background that determined for SARS :

A. exudative catarrhal diathesis

B. Hypothyroidism

S. Limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis

D. Nerve artritichseky diathesis

859. The baby 5 months with the introduction of complementary foods in the food in the form of
semolina appeared

redness , dryness and flaking of the cheeks.

Changes in the skin are called :

A. Seborrhoea

V. " cradle cap "

With Candidiasis .

D. Streptococcal

E. Strofulyus

860. The child of two years of seborrhea and dry skin, universal lymphadenopathy

friability and sponginess of tissue , the delay of static , enlargement of the liver and

spleen , unstable chair . On radiographs moderate thymomegaly . Used in analysis

5-6 urine leukocytes and urinary tract epithelium .

The clinical picture is typical for:

A. Limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis

B. exudative catarrhal diathesis

C. Nerve arthritic diathesis

D. Urinary Tract Infections

E. enterocolitis

861. A girl of two years is often sick respiratory diseases , which are often

accompanied by croup syndrome . In the period of the disease the skin on the cheeks child

becomes mottled , dry and scaly. There have dizuricheskie light phenomena

leykotsituriya .

These symptoms are characterized by :

A. cystitis

B. exudative catarrhal diathesis

S. neyrodermitah

D. Limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis

862 . When limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis education at home is recommended to :

A. 1 year

B. 3 years
C. 5-6 years

863 . The child in the first year of life expressed symptoms limfatiko - hypoplastic

diathesis .

This anomaly is defined on the basis of the constitution :

A relapsing blepharitis

B. adenoids II degree

S. lymphadenopathy

D. HEPATOMEGALY

E. all of the above

864. A child with a form of neuro- arthritic diathesis can recommend:

A. Green Peas

B. Cocoa

S. Sorrel soup with vegetable broth

D. Broth

E. None of the above

865. The child of two years old are overweight and some lag in the development of

static functions revealed hyperplasia of the thymus . During a respiratory infection in

He observed severe kollaptoidnye reaction, accompanied by loss of consciousness.

Most likely a condition which occurred in the child , can be explained by :

A heart damage

B. Cerebral edema

S. bronchial obstruction

D. gipokortitsizm

E None of the above

866. Girl 10 months in the hospital with SARS, croup syndrome . at discharge
in the diagnosis, as the background state , was listed limfatiko - hypoplastic diathesis .

This conclusion is based on :

A. Transient leykotsiturii

B. relapsing conjunctivitis

C. Disorders of the microcirculation

D. lymphadenopathy

E. All of the Above

867 . In children with exudative- catarrhal diathesis subsequently have predispositions

provisions to the following diseases except:

A. Repeated SARS

B. recurrent obstructive bronchitis

S. Pinkeye

D. Acute laryngitis stenotic

E. Arthritis

868. In children with neuro - arthritic diathesis in the future there is a predisposition

the following diseases:

A. Atherosclerosis

B. Gout

S. atopic asthma

D. cholelithiasis

E. All of the above

869 . A child of four months transferred to artificial feeding dry

fresh mixes. Became restless, does not sleep well , had an itch and abundant pruriginous

rashes on the skin. Chair a few thinned , without pathological impurities.

Of the proposed measures can be used all except :

A. Replacement of fresh milk mixtures

B. Motherwort

S. Antigistaminnnyh drugs

D. prednisolone for 2 weeks.

870 . A child and a half years with atopic dermatitis often ill SARS, obstructive

bronchitis. The mother bronchial asthma .

To prevent the development of asthma in the child's appropriate to all

except for:

A. Individual immunization schedule

B. hypoallergenic diet

C. Limitations of drug therapy in the treatment of SARS

D. " Pharmacologic hardening " immunomodulatory drugs

E. Organization hypoallergenic life

871. When exudative- catarrhal diathesis possibly early formation of the following

diseases :

A. Bronhianoy asthma

B. cholecystitis

S. duodenita

D. bronchitis with obstructive syndrome

E. All of the above

872. At the dispensary examination nursery kindergarten, some children

found signs of exudative- catarrhal diathesis .

Confirms the diagnosis of all, except:

A. " Breast skin"

V. " Geography " of language

S. Strofulyusa

D. thrush

873. When medical examinations of children nursery kindergarten in a few

Toddler found peeling cheeks, nodular itchy rash on the extensor

surface of the hands , feet and buttocks.

Read skin changes characteristic :

Cory A.

B. scarlet fever

S. Rubella

D. sudamen

E. exudative diathesis kataralnogog

874 . The child and a half years, despite a diet bravely saved

skin changes as weeping eczema , seborrhea , accompanied by itching .

Given to the patient should be advised to all, except:

A. Antihistamine drugs

B. Course of Hormone Replacement Therapy

C. Vitamin B6

D. Limitations of salt

E. hypoallergenic diet

875. 7 months old baby is discharged from the specialist unit , where the

with severe atopic dermatitis.

In order to prevent aggravation of dermatitis recommended for all except :

A hypoallergenic diet

B. Individual immunization schedule

C. Course of antihistamines
D. Course fermentoterapii

E. Course glucocorticosteroids

876. The baby of 2 months of breast- feeding, diagnosed

exudative- catarrhal diathesis .

For this diagnosis characterized by :

A. "Dairy peel" on the cheeks

B. Excess weight and body length at birth

C. Hemangiomas on the scalp

D. Excessive excitability

E. Decreased appetite

877 . Suggest to the child's primary recommendation:

A blur of skin lesions in areas with ointment " Advantan "

B. hypoallergenic diet of mother

S. allergen preparations child

D. Substitution of the parent milk mixture with a high degree of protein hydrolysis

878 . The child of 1 year 2 months in the first year there were signs of exudative -ka-

taralnogo diathesis . Currently, skin rashes have almost disappeared , chair

returned to normal . However, the child concerned paroxysmal cough , often in

sleep, difficulty in nasal breathing. On examination : pale mouth , on the back of the throat

dripping goo

The most likely cause of cough in this case is :

A respiratory infection

B. Airway obstruction

S. Hyperplasia of adenoids

D. Chronic bronchitis
E. Pertussis

879. The child 7 years old diagnosed neuro- arthritic diathesis .

Of the following is true all the tips in the diet , except for one:

A. Restrictions on fish and meat broths

B. Limitations of veal

C. Limitations of cauliflower

D. Limitations of dairy products

Restrictions of cocoa

880. The child 2 months of life, seborrheic brown color , persistent diaper rash on

buttocks and skin folds , skin reddening cheeks, " geographic tongue ".

Paratrofiya . Tissue turgor decreased.

The clinical picture is consistent with diathesis following :

A. exudative - catarrhal

B. Limfatiko - hypoplastic

C. Nerve arthritic

881. Body weight at birth 4100g , length 53cm . By 6 months body weight and length

9500g and 70cm respectively . Pale skin , have an allergic rash. turgor

tissues is reduced. Draws the attention of lethargy , weakness , muscle hypotonia .

Splenomegaly . According to X-ray increased thymic

iron.

The clinical picture is consistent with diathesis following :

A. exudative - catarrhal

B. Limfatiko - hypoplastic

C. Nerve arthritics

882. Child 6 years in mental development ahead of its peers. restless,

sometimes aggressive, suffering logoneurosis , enuresis . Disturbed sleep, frequent nocturnal

fears.

The clinical picture is consistent with diathesis following :

A. exudative - catarrhal

B. Limfatiko - hypoplastic

C. Nerve arthritic

883. The child named table with age restriction or exception broths

sausages , smoked meat , some vegetables ( spinach, cauliflower , green peas ) and

predominance of dairy plant foods, boiled meats and fish.

This diet is recommended for diathesis :

A. exudative - catarrhal

B. Limfatiko - hypoplastic

C. Nerve arthritic

884 . For foods with a high allergenic potential are:

A. Konin

W. Squash

S. Lamb

D. Seafood

E. All of the above

allergic diseases

885. Identifying the factors predisposing to allergic diseases in children:

A. Allergic disease in relatives

B. High levels of IgE in the serum

C. parental smoking

D. Artificial feeding
E. All of the above

886 The child 4 years after a bee sting in his left hand having swelling and pain at the site

bite.

It is necessary:

A. Apply a tourniquet on the forearm

B. Assign an antihistamine

C. Assign aspirin

D. Assign an antibiotic

887. For allergic reactions are characterized by :

A. Sinusitis

B. Rhinitis

C. Gastritis

D. Dermatitis

E. Periostitis

888. A child 3 years old are regularly caused dyspepsia and diarrhea after

use of raw cow's milk. Boiled cow's milk and goat's ( in

any form) it takes normally.

The most likely diagnosis is :

A. Food allergy to cow's milk

B. Lactose intolerance

C. Chronic gastritis with decreased secretion of gastric

D. Dysbacteriosis

889. About the beginning of allergic laryngeal edema may indicate :

A. Fever

B. Nausea and vomiting

C. Expiratory dyspnea

D. Hoarseness and " stridor "

890. The lead in the treatment of food allergies in children are:

A. Phytotherapy

B. hardening

S. hypoallergenic diet

D. Acupuncture

891. In allergic laryngeal edema in the first place , the following

urgent measures :

A. Parenteral administration of glucocorticoids

B. Antibiotics

C. Appointment of antitussives

D. Inhalation of salbutamol ( Ventolin )

E. Parenteral administration of Lasix

892. Urgent measures used in anaphylactic shock :

A. Parenteral administration of antibiotics

B. Inhalation of salbutamol ( Ventolin )

C. Parenteral administration of Lasix

D. Introduction of adrenaline

893. The most common causes of atopic dermatitis in young children:

A. Drug allergy

B. Food allergies

S. insect allergens

A pollen allergy

894. A child of three years of constant nasal congestion .

The most likely diagnosis is :

A. Hay fever

B. Allergic rhinitis

C. Acute sinusitis

D. Asthma

895. In a fit of asthma therapy should be started with :

A. Introduction of inhaled steroid

B. Intravenous aminophylline vvedenich

S. Inhaled beta -2- agonist

D. Ingestion of beta -2- agonist

896. For drugs intended for the treatment of antiinflammatory

asthma include:

A. Beta-2 agonists, short-acting

B. theophylline

S. Inhaled steroids

D. Antibacterials

897. For bronchial asthma is characterized by:

A. Fever

B. Wet cough

C. Shortness of breath and noisy breathing

D. Abdominal Pain

E. All of the above

898. Emergency care with hives include:

A. Hot foot baths

B. Antihistamines
C. Calcium

D. Crank

899. Symptoms characteristic of food allergy in infants :

A. Recurrent episodes of obstructive bronchitis

B. Itching and dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract

C year-round allergic rhinitis

D. All of the above

900 . Child 6 years examined in the pulmonary department in connection with the sudden

arising bouts of difficulty breathing and coughing. In favor of bronchial asthma

will speak increase in FEV1 ( forced expiratory volume in 1 second ) after

bronchodilator use more than :

A. 5 %

B. 12%

C. 20%

901. A child of 4 years at a reception at the allergist during skin Skara

fikatsionnyh samples was identified food allergy.

Clinical forms of food allergy are:

A. Gastrointestinal form

B. Allergic

C. The respiratory form

D. Anaphylaxis

E. All of the above

902. Children 3 years of age admitted to the allergy department at Children's Hospital

with a diagnosis of bronchial asthma - allergic , easy , atopic dermatitis -

common , moderate flow in the acute stage.

Diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis are :

A. Itching

B. polymorphism rash

C. scratching

D. Localization of lesions

E. All of the above

903. The child 2.5 years with bouts of respiratory difficulties arising in the background

SARS , in contact with the cat , was diagnosed with asthma .

Basic therapy of severe and moderate asthma are

A. Sodium cromoglycate

B. inhaled corticosteroids

C. Beta-2 agonists, short-acting

D. Antihistamines

E. specific immunotherapy

904. The child and a half years, despite a diet to persistent

nodular itchy rash on the extensor surfaces of the arms, legs and buttocks .

Pediatrician assigned antihistamines 1st generation .

The disadvantage of these drugs is :

A. tachyphylaxis

B. sedation

C. Reduced ability to learn

D. All of the above

905. Indications for use of antihistamines :

A. pollen disease

B. Perennial allergic rhinitis

C. urticaria

D. Atopic Dermatitis

E. All of the above

906. A child of 3 years in the spring and autumn the continuing vydeleniyaiz

nasal mucous character , sneezing , itching of the nose. Diagnosed with seasonal allergic

rhinitis .

In the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis is not shown in the following preparations:

A. vasoconstrictor drugs

B. Preparations of sodium cromoglycate

C. nasal steroids

D. Topical antihistamines

E. Leukotriene receptor antagonists

907. A boy of 3 years with a diagnosis of bronchial asthma, allergic , medium- heavy

fliksotid received a dose of 200 mg per day for 6 months.

Possible side effects of inhaled corticosteroids :

A. myopia

B. adrenal insufficiency

S. oropharyngeal candidiasis

D. Osteoporosis

E. ulcerative lesions of the stomach

908. Drugs recommended for the treatment of acute moderate

bronchial asthma , are all, except:

A. inhaled glucocorticosteroids

B. Kromoglitsievoy acid drugs

C. leukotriene antagonists
D. Systemic corticosteroids

E. Beta - 2 agonists actions

909. The child 2.5 years with a constant nasal congestion , frequent sneezing in the morning

allergist was diagnosed with perennial allergic rhinitis, edematous

form .

The main allergen causing this form of allergic rhinitis ,

is :

A. house dust

B. pollen

S. Food

910. In the immediate type allergic reactions involved all except :

A. Eosinophils

B. IgE - antibodies

C. IgG- antibodies

911 . Local pediatrician examines a child 10 months with SARS. Sick day 4 . at

View the " barking " cough, hoarseness , shortness of breath with a noisy breath ,

retraction compliant places chest , temperature 38.7 .

About stenosing laryngotracheitis shows all except :

A. Hoarseness

B. "Barking " cough

C. stridor

D. expiratory dyspnea

912. In allergic laryngeal edema feasible following urgent treatment

event:

A. Inhaled glucocorticosteroids
B. Intravenous administration of antihistamines

C. Parenteral administration of epinephrine

D. All of the above

913. In a six-month child who bottle-fed with 3

weeks of receiving the lure of cream of wheat , there were flushing cheeks, chin resting on

buttock skin small pink itchy papules . Chair speeded , thinned . diagnosed

atopic dermatitis .

Predisposing factors for the disease in the child

are all, except:

A. Allergic disease in relatives

B. Normal levels of immunoglobulin E

C. Complementary food gruel

D. Early artificial feeding

914. A child of 5 years in the last three years from mid-April to late May

there are abundant mucous discharge from the nose, sneezing during the day, redness

eyes , watery eyes . Diagnosed with seasonal allergic rhinitis , allergic

conjunctivitis.

In the child is most likely to cause sensitization to pollen :

A. Trees

B. grasses

S. Weed Science

915. When an allergy to cow's milk protein in children under 6 months is not recommended

use the following mixture :

A. On the basis of the milk protein hydrolyzate

B. Fermented
C. Based on the goat milk

D. Soy

916. 1 year old baby is suffering from atopic dermatitis. Exacerbations occur when

use of cow's milk , citrus fruits, nuts.

Pathognomonic for this disease are:

A. Itching

B. scratching

C. Eruptions in the typical places

D. The appearance of the rash of early childhood

E. All of the above

917. From 3 years old boy worried about recurrent urticaria .

For urticaria is characterized by all elements except :

A. The papules

B. The pustules

C. Blister

D. Edema

918. In children up to two years in the treatment of atopic dermatitis can be used all

except for:

A. Antihistamine drugs 2nd generation

B. fluorinated local glucocorticoid

C. Non-fluorinated local glyukokotikosteroidov

D. Elidel

E. zinc-containing topical agents

919. At the dispensary examination in kindergarten a child of 3 years found difficulty

nasal congestion , mucous discharge from the nose. This is the secret to running down the back
of the throat . From history we know : the child is constantly coughing , sleeps uneasily with

mouth open , often ill SARS, sinusitis , otitis .

The most likely diagnosis in this patient :

A. Bronchitis

B. nasal allergy

C. coryza

D. The adenoids

E. bronchial asthma

920. The baby of 5 months. With the introduction of complementary foods in the form of mashed
potatoes became chair

often with a touch of green. On the skin of the cheeks and in the groin area and the redness

papular rash.

recommended:

A. Cancel the lure and after decrease allergic reactions

appoint another lure

B. Antihistamines

C. Fecal bacteria overgrowth

D. Enterosorbents

921. Child is 8 years old . ARI is often sick . Currently, another ARI. Around the mouth, in

the elbow , hamstring pits - the skin is rough , cracked and scratching ,

hyperpigmented .

A child can be assigned to all, except:

A restricted diet allergens

B. Antihistamine drugs

S. eNTEROSORBENTS

D. Enzyme preparations
E. Antibiotics

922. Children 3 years of first tried the seafood. The next day there were

pruritic urticaria elements throughout the body. Began to complain of abdominal pain. chair

thinned .

Diagnose :

A. Atopic Dermatitis

B. Intestinal infection

C. The Hives

D. Angioedema

923. For atopic dermatitis is not characterized by:

A. The vesicles

B. The papules

C. Corky

D. scales

924. Prior to the skin allergy tests were given recommendations .

Of the following is only one recommendation is suitable :

A. Stopping antihistamines three days before

of samples

B. Conduct of trials in patients receiving antihistamines

C. Exclusion of inhaled bronchodilators , two days before trial

D. Exclusion of inhaled corticosteroids prior to the test

925 . At Child, 1 5 years diagnosed common form of atopic dermatitis.

On examination, the body temperature 37.00 C. Worried itching. They are wet with patches of skin

covered with yellowish crusts . All lymph nodes were enlarged .

You can assign all of the child , other than:

A. Probiotics

B. eNTEROSORBENTS

S. Antihistamine drugs

D. fluorinated local glucocorticoid

926. Targets topical treatment of atopic dermatitis.

All true , except :

A. Suppression of skin inflammation

B. Elimination of dry skin

C. Reduction of itching skin

D. Prevention of secondary infections

E. Protection against the penetration of allergens through the skin

927. The child of two years when traveling with their parents on vacation in one of the tropical countries

on the second day there was small pink pruritic papular rash on the hands,

legs and chest.

The most likely diagnosis following :

A. Rubella

B. Chickenpox

S. Scabies

D. Atopic Dermatitis

928. A child of three years after the ingestion of two mandarin appeared papular

rash on the face. The mother complains that the child has a runny nose , cough , cutback

chair . Physician palpation found enlarged cervical and axillary lymph nodes.

Manifestation of allergic reactions to tangerine can be anything except :

A. rhinitis

B. Cough
C. Increase the axillary lymph nodes

D. soft stools

929. The mother went to the doctor complaining that her child three years during the last

month stuffy nose , nasal discharge mucous character . The child often sneezes

coughs .

The most likely diagnosis following :

A. The adenoids

B. Infectious Rhinitis

C. Allergic rhinitis

930. Select the primary drug for the relief of angioedema :

A. Anitigistaminnye drugs orally

B. Calcium gluconate parenterally

C. Corticosteroids parenterally

D. Eufillin parenterally

931. Atopic dermatitis in young children most often provokes :

A. Oatmeal

B. Turkey meat

C. Cow's milk

J. Cole

E. Apples

emergency Conditions

932. A child of 10 months , patients with SARS , noisy breathing, diagnosed with stenosis

larynx 1 degree.

Prehospital need to use anything except :

A. Inhalation of Pulmicort
B. Antihistamines

S. The vasoconstrictor drops

D. Diuretics

933. The child and a half years amid severe respiratory infection with a high

temperature there was an attack of febrile convulsions , which lasted about 2 minutes.

On the severity of seizures indicates :

A. The degree of respiratory distress

B. The duration and depth of impaired consciousness

C. Local neurological symptoms

D. All of the above

934. A child of 8 months with exudative diathesis third day sick with SARS

phenomena rhinitis , cough , temperature to 38.50 C. Today, there have been several

shortness of breath , with a noisy breath , compliant places indrawing of the chest.

Cough became rude . No signs of respiratory failure .

Appeared symptoms are typical for:

A. asthma attacks

V. Obstructive Bronchitis

S. stenosing laryngotracheitis ( croup syndrome )

D. begins pneumonia

E. Pertussis

935. A premature baby the first week of life is placed in a crib with elektropodo -

Grevena . The morning rise in body temperature to 38.40 C.

The temperature rise in this case is most likely associated with :

A. Infection

B. Perinatal CNS
C. Violation of heat

D. None of the above

936. The boy and a half years against SARS , which flowed with increasing temperature

39.80 On the body , there was an attack of clonic- tonic seizures. Emergency room physician described
the

them as febrile .

Promotes the occurrence of febrile seizures :

A. Brain hypoxia

V. Increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier

C. Metabolic acidosis

D. Lack of maturity of cortical structures

E. All of the above

937. Child 8 months ill SARS , he became pale , appeared acrocyanosis . Tem-

body temperature of 38.00 C. Doctor prescribed symptomatic treatment of respiratory in-

infection and fever-reducing measures .

Indication for antipyretic therapy was :

A. Age of the child

V. Febrile seizures in history

C. The height of fever

D. The presence of wheezing in the lungs

E. All of the above

938. The child of 1 year 2 months expressed inspiratory wheezing, noisy breathing with

compliant places indrawing of the chest and the participation of auxiliary muscles ,

pallor, cyanosis of the lips, acrocyanosis , sweating , tachycardia, amid a sharp anxiety

and aggressiveness of the child.

Such a characteristic symptom :

A. asthma attacks

B. stenosing laryngotracheitis ( croup syndrome )

S. pneumonia

D. Obstructive Bronchitis

939.U child of 1 year 2 months with SARS showed signs of stenotic laryngitis

tracheitis , which is characterized by the following:

A. " barking " cough

B. Rough dry rales in the lungs

C. Fever to 38.20 C.

D. Severe catarrhal phenomena

E. All of the above

940. In the evening, a child and a half years from the SARS appeared rough cough , shortness of breath
and 40 in

Minute , anxiety, depression retraction of the jugular when breathing . The doctor suggested that state-

pitalizirovat child.

The reason for hospitalization in the first place was the :

A. Symptoms of laryngitis

B. Suspected pneumonia

C. The symptoms of intoxication

D. Beginning stenosis of the larynx

941. The child 6 months , sick with influenza , the body temperature 39.80 C , small

catarrhal phenomena . Pale skin , cold hands and feet with cyanotic nails

tachycardia up to 150 per minute.

Available sipmtomokompleks regarded as:

A. Respiratory failure

B. Heart failure
S. Myocarditis

D. hyperthermia syndrome

E. None of the above

942. The baby of 8 months , ill SARS, developed hyperthermic syndrome :

body temperature of 39.50 C, shortness of breath , tachycardia, pallor , cyanotic extremities ,

cold .

The child is currently shown all, except:

A. antipyretics

B. Wet wraps

S. vasodilators

D. Antihistamine

943. Child 8 months acutely ill : diarrhea, vomiting . diagnosed with intestinal

infection .

Everything listed below indicates the appearance of dehydration in a child

except for:

A Thirst

B. oliguria

C. Dryness of mucous membranes

D. increase in body temperature

944. Child 9 months taken to hospital with signs of dehydration 3 degrees:

Diagnose severe dehydration allowed all except :

A sharp decline in tissue turgor

B. Diuresis below 10 ml / hour

S. acrocyanosis

D. Repeated vomiting
945. A child of 10 months with an intestinal infection diagnosed grade 2 de

hydration weight loss to 7%.

We recommend the following treatment policy :

A. Do not feed 10:00

B. Hydroxyethyl ( Infukoll , Voluven )

C. Intravenous glucose- saline solutions

D. enteral glucose- saline solutions

946. A child of two and a half years with hypoplastic limfatiko - shape abnormalities

constitution is frequently ill SARS. During the last days of loss of appetite , lethargy,

difficulty in nasal breathing. The body temperature of 37.00 C. At night, for the first time developed

painful bout of coughing , noisy breathing , wheezing , heard in the distance,

sharply restless child . Number of 52-60 breaths per minute , pulse 140 per minute,

auscultation in lung weight of dry whistling and different-sized moist rales with

on both sides.

The most likely diagnosis in this situation :

A. SARS with obstructive syndrome

B. Foreign body bronchi

C. The attack of asthma

D. Pneumonia

E. Pertussis

947. First of all, this child needs medical actions :

A. Introduction of adrenaline

B. Antibiotics

S. Bronchoscopy in hospital

D. Inhalation of beta -2- agonist

E None of the above

948. On the severity of the school-age child with asthma indicate

the following indicators:

A. Hyperthermia

B. Tachypnea more than 32 per minute, and tachycardia of more than 120 per minute

C. The abundance of dry wheezing

D. Acrocyanosis and perioral cyanosis

949. Which of the following may be the most likely cause of acute renal failure

( acute renal failure) in children?

A. Acute glomerulonephritis

B. Hereditary nephritis

S. Pyelonephritis

D. dysmetabolic nephropathy

E. Reflux nephropathy

950. The child 6 years old on the 4th day of illness acute glomerulonephritis, flowing with

nephrotic syndrome , gross hematuria , hypertension , complicated

acute renal failure.

On the development of acute renal failure shows everything except :

A. Headache , lethargy

B. dyspeptic as vomiting and diarrhea

S. Diuresis 200 ml per day

D. Body Temperature 37,8-38,20 C

951. Laboratory data confirming the presence of acute renal failure ( ARF

failure), is :

A. hyperasotemia
V. GFR 50 mL / min.

C. Hyperkalemia

D. Hypernatremia

E. All of the above

952. The child 3.5 years against raising the temperature to 380 C. , rhinitis appeared rough

barking cough and inspiratory stridor compliant places with indrawing of the chest,

concern.

The cause of acute upper airway obstruction in the child was

following:

A laryngotracheitis Stenosing

B. Pertussis

C. Allergic edema of the larynx

953. Indication for symptomatic antipyretic therapy in children

early age is :

A. Body temperature 390S

V. Febrile seizures in history

S. pale hyperthermia

D. All of the above

954. The tendency of the young child to seizures due to :

A. Lack of differentiation of the cerebral cortex

In a weak regulatory influence of the cerebral cortex on the subcortical

structure

C. A significant hydrophilicity of brain tissue

D. All of the above

955. The most commonly in pediatric convulsive disorder is caused by :

A. Epilepsy

B. Fever

C. hypocalcemia

D. hypomagnesemia

E. hypoglycemia

956. For relief of febrile seizures in children 2 years of age against SARS preference

should give :

A. diazepam

B. chloral hydrate

S. phenobarbital

D. depakine

957. On the development of hypovolemic shock, with the centralization of blood flow in the child 1.5

years with acute intestinal infection indicate :

A 8-9% loss of body weight

B. Slow unfolding of skin folds and the retraction of the fontanelle

C. Cold extremities and anuria

D. All of the above

958. The child 1 year 3 months on the back of higher body temperature appeared 380s

frequent loose stools copious 8 times a day , 4 times was vomiting . Marked anxiety,

mild dryness of mucous membranes. Heart rate - 135 beats per

minute. Weight before the disease is not known , and therefore can not determine the loss

body weight.

In this case, the most probable degree of dehydration :

A. 1

Pogorelov
S. W

959. When dehydration of 2 degrees with no signs of incipient hypovolemic

shock should be used :

A. Water- teaspoonful pause for 8 hours

B. oral rehydration using glucose- saline solution

C. Parenteral administration of glucose- saline solutions

D. Introduction of colloidal solutions

E. All of the above

960. When barbiturate poisoning a child 3 years old need to be taken :

A gastric lavage

B. Forced diuresis

C. Introduction antidote ( analeptikov breathing)

D. Mechanical ventilation

E. All of the above

961. Specify the most effective way to treat respiratory disorders in the background

poison pills and sedatives :

A. Introduction of intravenous respiratory analeptikov

C. Introduction of intravenous glucocorticoids

C. Oxygen

D. Mechanical ventilation

962. Restoration of microcirculation in patients with intestinal toxemia helps

the following solution :

A. Ringer

B. 10 % of glucose

S. Albumin
J. Hydroxyethyl starch ( Infukoll , Voluven )

963. On the development of hypovolemic shock in a patient in the most reliable

indicated by the change :

A. Blood Pressure

V. Pulse

S. Diuresis

A Hematocrit

E. Central venous pressure

964. As the " home " fluid in patients with hypovolemic shock

appropriate given intravenously :

A. Whole blood

V. Crystalloid solutions

C. A solution of sodium hydrogencarbonate

965. For exsicoses 3 degrees typical clinical symptom :

A body weight loss of over 15 %

B. Tachycardia

C. Reduction of soft tissue turgor

D. Urine output less than 10 ml \ h

E. All of the above

966. Indications for parenteral rehydration is :

A weight loss of 6%

B. Single vomiting at the onset of the disease

C. The liquid stool 4 times a day

D. Persistent oliguria

E. All of the above

967. Oral rehydration in children 2 years of age is most appropriate

use :

A 5 % glucose solution

B. Ringer's solution

C. Glucose- saline

968. Lead neurotoxicity in the treatment of children with acute intestinal infection is :

A. Oral rehydration

In Antimicrobial Therapy

C. Dehydration and detoxification

D. Corticosteroids and specific bacteriophage

969. For infectious- toxic shock 2 degrees in meningococcal infection

child of 10 months is typical :

A. Marbling skin

B. Acrocyanosis

S. oligoanuria .

D. meningeal symptoms

E. All of the above

970. As a " starting" antibiotic children 10 months in infectious

Toxic shock at 2 degrees of meningococcal disease should establish:

A. Penicillin

V. Chloramphenicol succinate

C. Gentamicin

D. Ceftazidime

E. Azithromycin

971. For coma grade 1 is characterized by:

A lack of response to painful stimuli

B. Extension of the pupils

C. No change of pupillary reflex

D. Respiratory

972. The total score on the Glasgow Coma Scale score of 10 corresponds to the following

state of mind :

A clear conscience

V. Stun

S. Sopor

D. Coma

E. Deep coma or brain death

973. The total score on the Glasgow Coma Scale score of 4 corresponds to the following

state of mind :

A clear conscience

V. Stun

S. Sopor

D. Coma

E. Deep coma or brain death

974. Complications arise when antibiotic therapy in neonates :

A. Increased bilirubin toxicity

B. Immunosuppression

S. Dysbacteriosis

hypovitaminosis D.

E. All of the above

975. The main factor contributing to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

premature infants is :

A. Aspiration of amniotic fluid

B. Lack surfaktanata

C. An infectious lung

D. Prolonged use of mechanical ventilation

976. The main factor contributing to the development of respiratory syndrome

disorders ( hyaline membrane disease ) in infants is :

A. Aspiration of amniotic fluid

B. Lack surfaktanata

C. An infectious lung

D. Prolonged use of mechanical ventilation

977. The most common cause of seizures in infants is :

A. Bleeding in the brain

B. Infectious Diseases

C. Metabolic Disorders

D. nervous system tumors

E. Epilepsy

978. The primary means for the relief of anaphylactic shock :

A. Antihistamines

B. Glucocorticoids

C. Crank

979. Stimulation of gag reflex and the use of emetics is

contraindicated in case of poisoning :

A. barbiturates

B. salicylate
S. Fosfoorganicheskimi connections

D. Poisonous Mushrooms

E. Strong acids or alkalis

980. Child 1.5 years with a body temperature above 390S recommend the following

antipyretic drugs :

A. Metamizole ( analgin )

B. Atsetisallitsilovaya acid (aspirin )

C. Acetaminophen (paracetamol )

981. If poisoning fosfoorganicheskimi compounds used as an antidote

forms a :

A. Unitiol

B. Atropine

C. Sodium thiosulfate

982. By the pathogenic mechanisms of collapse are:

A reduction in circulating blood volume

B. Reduction of Cardiac

C. The Fall of general and peripheral vascular resistance

D. increase in total vascular

E. All of the above

983. In infants, the highest value for the detection of meningeal

syndrome has:

A. Stiff neck

B. Positive symptom of " hanging "

C. Positive Kernig

D. Positive symptom Brudzinskogo

984. The most common cause of airway obstruction in infants

is :

A viral infection

B. Bacterial infection

C. Aspiration of a foreign body

D. Allergic edema

985. Treatment of newborn with moderate heart failure

advisable to start with :

A limited supply of water and electrolytes

B. feeding through a tube , even with the act of sucking

C. The use of diuretics

D. Applications obsidan

E. Appointment of digoxin

986 . Appointment of febrile children with acetylsalicylic acid ( aspirin )

contraindicated because of :

A. The dangers of Reye's syndrome

B. The Dangers of agranulocytosis

C. Part of dyspeptic disorders

D. The frequent allergic reactions

987. The most reliable sign of a biological death is:

A Scanner Darkly pupil (a symptom of "the melting icicles")

B. Persistent change in the shape of the pupil (the symptom of "cat's eye")

S. pallor and coldness of skin

D. The appearance of cadaveric spots

988. The amplitude compression sternum during chest compressions at

children 2 years of age should be about:

A 1 cm

B. 3 cm

C. 5 cm

989. Tachycardia is characteristic of poisoning:

A. barbiturates

VM-holinolitikami

C. Cardiac glycosides

D. opiates

E. organophosphorus compounds