The Educated Man
The Educated Man
The Educated Man
Address delivered at the 63rd Founders Day Convocation, August 28, 1964,
Silliman University, Dumaguete City. Salonga, Land of the Morning, Regina
Publishing Company, 1967.
Long before your distinguished President invited me to speak on this our day of
daysin point of fact, as far back as the tender years of my childhoodSilliman had
been vividly impressed upon my memory. Every once in a while, my mind would catch,
however faintly, strains of music from long, long ago, when my elder brother, fresh from
what seemed to me then a wonderful adventure in a world far from home, used to sing
that sweet song with words I can still remember "Silliman Beside the Sea."
I felt, even as a child, that there was some strange fascination in that song, for a
restless, unyielding urge to go back to Silliman seemed to possess and haunt my brother
all the time. He studied here in what he must have considered the best years of his life
and he has not quite recovered from the incredible charm and magic of this lovely,
blessed place.
Many years later that is, after the second World War your then President, Dr.
Arthur Carson, learned that I was going to the United States to pursue graduate studies
in law and he very kindly gave me letters of recommendation addressed to two
outstanding universities in America. I would like to let you know and I have been
saying this many a time that those letters were given the highest degree of
consideration because the schools there considered Silliman as a university that
possesses the highest traditions of scholarship and excellence.
When I learned some three years ago that my former classmate and good friend, Dr.
Calderon, accepted the offer to become the President of this University, I was happy
both for your President and this institution, convinced as I was, that an enduring
partnership had been forged and that Silliman could look ahead, for even brighter days,
in the unending quest for truth and goodness and beauty.
I am therefore grateful for the opportunity to be with you on your 63rd Anniversary.
The journey started by Horace Silliman and Dr. and Mrs. David Sutherland Hibbard on
August 28, 1901 has been in a sense, a long and tiresome journey. Were we to call the
roll of the men and women from the highest officials to the humblest teacher and
worker who have dedicated their energies, their talents, their hearts and even their very
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lives to see that the journey is not interrupted, so that the quest may not stop, so that the
tradition of excellence may go on, against seemingly endless odds and obstacles without
number, we would have a fair measure of the kind of quiet heroism that went into the
making and building of Silliman.
But, in a deeper sense, the journey has not been long, it has not been tiresome. The
journey has just begun and the thrill of wonder and adventure will never end. Sixtythree
years is a long time, but you are still young. For in the language of a General who has
faded away
"Youth is not entirely a time of life; it is a state of mind. It is not
wholly a matter of ripe cheeks, red lips or supple knees. It is a temper
of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions, a
freshness of the springs of life.
"Nobody grows old by merely living a number of years. People
grow old only by deserting their ideals. Years may wrinkle the skin,
but to give up interest wrinkles the soul. Worry, doubt, selfdistrust,
fear and despair these are the long, long years that bow the head and
turn the growing spirit back to dust.
"You are as young as your faith, as old as your doubt; as young as
your selfconfidence, as old as your fear; as young as your hope, as old
as your despair. In the central place of your heart, there is a recording
chamber; so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer and
courage, so long are you young. When the wires are all down and your
heart is covered with the snow of pessimism and the ice of cynicism,
then and then only are you grown old."
May I take the liberty of reminding you that the capacity of Silliman to get into the
stream of things and contribute to the life and the spirit of the nation has not been fully
tapped? True it is that from the ranks of Silliman graduates great leaders have emerged
in the field of thought and action, in the arts and sciences, in government and in private
enterprise, but we would all be committing a tragic mistake if we were to look back only
to the glories of the past and forget the new challenges of our time, if we were to count
in detail its achievements and overlook the massive tasks that would require of you more
than just planning and effort, but the vision and the dedication of a lifetime.
For when we begin to look around us, we see that amidst the physical reconstruction
of towns and cities, the rebuilding of homes and factories and shops, there has crept in a
serious case of internal breakdown. Buildings and edifices have gone up, but the edifice
that constitutes the real soul of the nation is beginning to shake and unless everyone of
us does something about it, the national structure may collapse and go down.
There is a feeling of despair and hopelessness amongst those who are overwhelmed
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by the immensity of our problems the fact of widespread, grinding poverty, the
problem of massive unemployment in the context of a society that possesses a high rate
of population growth, the fact of graft and the paralysis of initiative in public service,
the chronic problem of moral breakdown and the wastage and neglect of human
resources.
But those who continue to hope and refuse to give up the good fight look primarily
to the institutions of learning to provide the guidance and direction in critical days such
as these. For it is in the schools, the colleges and the universities of the land where the
youth who will pilot the affairs of tomorrow are being taught and trained and equipped
for what we trust will be a better kind of leadership.
Shall we, the school officials and teachers and students, throw up our hands in
resignation and defeat and pass back the whole burden to society?
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You in Silliman cannot do that, even if you wanted to. For you are an institution of
learning wedded to a mission you cannot abandon without denying your own existence.
Yours is an institution that serves the highest end of a free society, namely, to help men
develop their potentialities to the fullest extent possible so they may live meaningful
lives in a social order that accords first priority to the intrinsic worth and dignity of the
human personality. It is precisely because the problems of this our world and time are so
critical and the tasks so demanding that it becomes your peculiar, unavoidable
responsibility to get into the stream of things and relate your assets and resources to the
needs of the nation. Yours is a work of great relevance.
And in that task, your main function as a University is to produce, as you have done
so in the past, the educated man.
When I say "educated man," I do not refer to the individual who has read a thousand
books and magazines, however important reading may be to the life of the mind. One of
the most unfortunate things in this country is that so much is read by so many who do
not know what to read. Because of cheap paper and printing, comics, pulp magazines
and cheap literature have replaced t he classics and the great masterpieces. As a
consequence, an enormous mental garbage has been piled up beyond our collective
capacity to liquidate. Writers of history a hundred years from now, in assessing the
quality of education in the Philippines, may have ample reason to say that our schools
have produced a vast population able to read, but unable to distinguish what is worth
reading. It was Mark Twain, I believe, who said he never allowed his schooling to
interfere with his education.
When I use the term "educated man," I do not mean the individual who has
memorized a thousand facts and assembled in his mind a million data, on the basis of
which he has earned a string of academic degrees. I do not mean to minimize the
importance of memory, for it is stating the obvious when I say we should be able to
observe, sort out and remember relevant facts so we may have a sound basis for each
judgment. Of Themistocles, it has been said that he knew by heart the names of twenty
thousand citizens of Athens; and Cyrus, it is recorded, knew every soldier in his huge
army. Indeed, how refreshing it would be for our youth to learn by heart Jesus'
inimitable Sermon on the Mount, the magnificent soliloquies of Shakespeare, the
unforgettable dialogues of Plato and in our own land, the lofty language of Arellano and
Laurel, the trenchant outbursts of Manuel Quezon and the elegant prose of Claro M.
Recto. How inspiring it would be for our young men and women to remember the
historic landmarks in our struggle for freedom from the heroism of Lapulapu to the
lonely battle of Del Pilar at Tirad Pass, from the field of Bagumbayan where the young
Rizal met his tragic death to the dark dungeons of Fort Santiago, where the youth of the
land suffered a thousand times and met a thousand deaths! Nor do I minimize the
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significance of degrees and diplomas in a degreeconscious society such as we have,
except to emphasize the danger of mistaking a degree for intellectual worth. A college
graduate has once been described as one who at the end of his studies is presented with
a sheepskin to cover his intellectual nakedness.
When I say "educated man," I do not refer to the skilled engineer, the able trial
lawyer, the talented musician, the gifted writer, or the expert surgeon. Far be it from me
to underrate the importance of skills and talents. Sometime ago, I made reference to the
fact that while we have abundant natural resources in this country, we do not have
sufficient skills to make this country great. Japan is relatively poor in natural resources,
with land scarcely enough to sustain her tremendous population, but despite a war that
laid waste her towns and cities, she has recovered and come back with greater vigor
because she has a people of abundant skills.
But I would like to submit the proposition that one becomes a great scientist, an able
lawyer, or a noted writer, only because he is first and preeminently a good man. An
abundant talent employed to serve an evil end is a prostitution of divine endowment.
What, then, is the educated man? Is he the man who has read a lot? Partly yes,
because his reading is serious and discriminate and uplifting. Is he the man who
remembers many facts and events? Partly yes, because the training of memory is a
wholesome discipline that requires effort and application and because one cannot make
a sound judgement without respect for remembered facts. Is the educated man, then, one
who because of his skill is able to provide for himself and his family? Partly yes, since
education should teach us how to make a living. But there is one thing we should always
remember and it is this that far more important than the making of a living, is a living
of life a good life, a meaningful life, an abundant life.
The educated man lives this kind of a life, because he has opened the windows of his
mind to great thoughts and ennobling ideas; because he is not imprisoned by the printed
page, but chooses to make a relentless, rigorous analysis and evaluation of everything he
reads; because he is less interested in the accumulation of degrees than in the
stimulation of his mind and the cultivation of a generous spirit; because his interest is
less in knowing who is right but more importantly, in discerning what is right and
defending it with all the resources at his command; because he can express himself
clearly and logically, with precision and grace; because he is not awed by authority, but
is humble enough to recognize that his best judgment is imperfect and may well be
tainted by error or pride; because he has a deep reverence for the inherent worth and
dignity of every human being, as a creature of God; because he has a healthy sense of
values, a breadth of outlook and the depth of compassion which a purposeful education
generates; because whenever he talks about good government he is prepared and willing
to sacrifice himself for it; and because he lives a life of relevance to the world in which
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we live, a sharing in the problems of his time and doing whatever he can with
intelligence and fairness and understanding.
In short, it is the responsibility of Silliman, as in all other institutions of learning in
this country, to produce the educated man and to produce him in such number and of
such high quality of excellence that Silliman products will be a leavening influence in a
time of great challenge and in a world of countless perils. But Silliman is not just any
other university it is a Christian institution. The message of Jesus has a wealth of
meaning it cannot afford to ignore "Be ye the salt of the earth... Be ye the light of the
world." And when Silliman produces, as it has in the past, these kind of men, we may
better appreciate the truth and beauty of the words of Emerson:
"Not gold, but only men, can make
A nation great and strong.
Men who, for truth and honor's sake,
Stand fast and suffer long.
Brave men, who work while others sleep,
Who dare while others shy.
They build a nation's pillars deep,
And lift them to the sky." *
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