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    Satnami Samaj: Challenging Rural Caste Institution in Chhattisgarh

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    SatnamiSamaj is almost living in rural Chhattisgarh (India). It has separate social institutions from Hinduism. Satnamis have own Bhandari and Satidar (ritual priest) who are conducting the entire social functions such as marriages, death ceremonies, religious rituals and nomination of a new born baby in the society. All these changes were really challenging for the Satnamisamaj which comes after long social and religious Satnami movement. Its credit goes to Guru Ghasidas and his followers during the early 19th Century. Satnamisamaj had been rejected to caste hierarchy. Though, change is a continuous process hence rural caste institutions have been changing. Books, articles, internet and others useful secondary resources have been used to complete the research paper. Keywords: SatnamiSamaj, Rural, Caste Institution, Chhattisgarh

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    Satnami Samaj: Challenging Rural Caste Institution in Chhattisgarh

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    Anonymous CwJeBCAXp
    148 views5 pages
    SatnamiSamaj is almost living in rural Chhattisgarh (India). It has separate social institutions from Hinduism. Satnamis have own Bhandari and Satidar (ritual priest) who are conducting the entire social functions such as marriages, death ceremonies, religious rituals and nomination of a new born baby in the society. All these changes were really challenging for the Satnamisamaj which comes after long social and religious Satnami movement. Its credit goes to Guru Ghasidas and his followers during the early 19th Century. Satnamisamaj had been rejected to caste hierarchy. Though, change is a continuous process hence rural caste institutions have been changing. Books, articles, internet and others useful secondary resources have been used to complete the research paper. Keywords: SatnamiSamaj, Rural, Caste Institution, Chhattisgarh

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    SATNAMI SAMAJ: CHALLENGING RURAL CASTE INSTITUTION IN CHHATTISGARH

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    SatnamiSamaj is almost living in rural Chhattisgarh (India). It has separate social institutions from Hinduism. Satnamis have own Bhandari and Satidar (ritual priest) who are conducting the entire social functions such as marriages, death ceremonies, religious rituals and nomination of a new born baby in the society. All these changes were really challenging for the Satnamisamaj which comes after long social and religious Satnami movement. Its credit goes to Guru Ghasidas and his followers during the early 19th Century. Satnamisamaj had been rejected to caste hierarchy. Though, change is a continuous process hence rural caste institutions have been changing. Books, articles, internet and others useful secondary resources have been used to complete the research paper. Keywords: SatnamiSamaj, Rural, Caste Institution, Chhattisgarh

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    148 views5 pages

    Satnami Samaj: Challenging Rural Caste Institution in Chhattisgarh

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous CwJeBCAXp
    SatnamiSamaj is almost living in rural Chhattisgarh (India). It has separate social institutions from Hinduism. Satnamis have own Bhandari and Satidar (ritual priest) who are conducting the entire social functions such as marriages, death ceremonies, religious rituals and nomination of a new born baby in the society. All these changes were really challenging for the Satnamisamaj which comes after long social and religious Satnami movement. Its credit goes to Guru Ghasidas and his followers during the early 19th Century. Satnamisamaj had been rejected to caste hierarchy. Though, change is a continuous process hence rural caste institutions have been changing. Books, articles, internet and others useful secondary resources have been used to complete the research paper. Keywords: SatnamiSamaj, Rural, Caste Institution, Chhattisgarh

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Some of the key takeaways are that the Satnami Samaj was founded in the early 19th century by Guru Ghasidas as an alternative to the caste system. It rejects caste hierarchy and practices its own social rituals and ceremonies. The Satnami Samaj makes up a significant portion of the population in Chhattisgarh.

    The Satnami Samaj is a religious community that was established in the early 19th century in Chhattisgarh by Guru Ghasidas. It rejects the Hindu caste system and practices its own social institutions separate from Hinduism.

    The Satnami Samaj believes in the concept of 'Satnam' and follows the teachings of Guru Ghasidas. It rejects casteism and practices prohibitions on some foods. It has its own ritual priests (Bhandari and Satidar) who conduct social functions for the community.

    Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies,

    Online ISSN 2278-8808, SJIF 2016 = 6.17, www.srjis.com


    UGC Approved Sr. No.45269, SEPT-OCT 2017, VOL- 4/36
    10.21922/srjis.v4i36.10010

    SATNAMI SAMAJ: CHALLENGING RURAL CASTE INSTITUTION IN


    CHHATTISGARH

    Sanjiw Kumar Manjre


    PhD Research Scholar, Centre for Studies and Research in Society and Development
    Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar

    SatnamiSamaj is almost living in rural Chhattisgarh (India). It has separate social institutions from
    Hinduism. Satnamis have own Bhandari and Satidar (ritual priest) who are conducting the entire
    social functions such as marriages, death ceremonies, religious rituals and nomination of a new born
    baby in the society. All these changes were really challenging for the Satnamisamaj which comes
    after long social and religious Satnami movement. Its credit goes to Guru Ghasidas and his followers
    during the early 19th Century. Satnamisamaj had been rejected to caste hierarchy. Though, change is
    a continuous process hence rural caste institutions have been changing. Books, articles, internet and
    others useful secondary resources have been used to complete the research paper.
    Keywords: SatnamiSamaj, Rural, Caste Institution, Chhattisgarh
    Scholarly Research Journal's is licensed Based on a work at www.srjis.com

    Introduction: Any rural society is living in Indian villages. Earlier, rural India represents a
    few numbers of people who were lived together in natural setting and practices together for
    food arrangement and against of outsider forces. Agriculture was the main occupation of the
    rural society in Chhattisgarh, India. But, nowadays rural society is going to change rapidly
    maybe there are so many factors. Hence, we can take two major factors like natural factors
    (migration, famine etc.) and social factors. These two factors cover all the causes of change
    of social institutions in India. But, here we will discuss caste institution (a social factor) in
    Chhattisgarh, India. Where Satnami is a caste but doesn't consider casteism and rejected the
    Brahmanism, superiority caste institutions.
    In Chhattisgarh, Satnamisamaj comes under the Scheduled Castes from the point of
    constitutional classification. The Satnami is estimated to be 70-80 percent of the Scheduled
    Castes population and it is 12 percent of the whole population of Chhattisgarh. However,
    caste discrimination cannot be denied on seeing the previous caste-wise census. Due to being

    Copyright 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies


    Sanjiw Kumar Manjre
    6653
    (Pg. 6652-6656)

    from the Scheduled Castes category, they face the difficulties and inhuman of Hindu social
    institution like caste and religion.
    Indian caste society has been most dangerous and unique social institution around the
    world. Dangerous in the sense, caste is a very complex system, hierarchy, nation of pure and
    impure, cruelty never can leave once you got by birth, and you have to suffer whole life
    within caste identity. You have to insult any part of the country; sometimes you have to lose
    his/her life or dignity and so on. All are these losses because of the only caste. So, in 21st
    Century we have to think seriously, otherwise, we can't even imagine what consequences will
    have to suffer.
    Satnami Samaj: In Chhattisgarh, Satnamisamaj has come into existence in early 19th
    Century. Guru Ghasidas was a founder of Satnamisamaj. Satnamis are followers of the
    Satnam' and called themselves Satnami. Guru Ghasidas regards his ideal, therefore, Satnami
    tries to follow his teaching and walk on the path of truth. Satnamisamaj never believes on the
    caste system. Instead of this, they accept to assimilate messages of Guru as
    "MankheMankheEkSamanAay".
    Satnamisamaj is also known for some prohibition on food like meat; liquor also
    prohibited some vegetable chili, tomato, lentils, brinjal etc. Satnamisamaj had been rejected
    these kinds of food practices becausethe founder of the Satnami community had been teach
    earlier and take oath from the side of follower of Satnam. That time higher castes people
    were practicesuntouchability with lower castes along with the Satnami. Theywere
    considereduntouchables because from Shudra Varnaseveral castes joined themselves and
    become Satnami. But, most of the time whowere practicinguntouchability in rural India even
    they belong to an untouchable (Shudra Varna). But, in truth, it was also a politics with
    downtrodden people. Satnamisamaj is understood that divide politics therefore, they don't
    discriminate with other castes because Guru Ghasidas taught them about humanity almost
    150 years ago.
    What is a Caste Institution? It is a part of the social institution like family and religion. But,
    caste is an unequal and unique institution which determines and maintains hierarchy. Some
    caste always determines superior and pure another side largely castes are determines lower
    and filthy. In actual, the caste system is a caste institution. That follows certain rigid tradition
    as the caste system;its called a caste institution.
    How works Caste Institution: This point is very interesting because of its system unique in
    the world. Therefore, here we will focus and discuss on Indian caste institution.

    Copyright 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies


    Sanjiw Kumar Manjre
    6654
    (Pg. 6652-6656)

    Caste institution works on based on the Varna Vyavastha(four hierarchal steps).


    Namely, Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaishyas, and Shudra, according to this Vyavastha from left to
    right three (Brahman, Kshatriya, and Vaishyas) Varna have power and rights in different
    sections but Shudra excluded forever for everything. Shudra doesn't have rights to the
    property, education, religious chant, good clothes, and sandals etc. but they will do cleaning
    works always without question. Brahman was superior of this Vyavastha.
    Ascribed and Achieved this two sociological and anthropological terms, explain
    the Varna Vyavastha that how one person can be by birth superior and achieving other thing
    have to do hard work. Here, my point is that, if the person wants to be a success, and they
    dont have the rights to move forward work hard and keep the property then he is forced to do
    the works badly like an animal, then how can one improve? For instance, a student becomes
    an engineer by working hard then it is his achieved status because he did hard work for gain
    the position another side ascribed status gives birth from fathers side it means, father the
    Shudra then the child will be the Shudra if father the Brahman then the child will be the
    Brahman. Here, no matter for knowledge, character or lazy.
    In Indian society, the occupation also used to determine the pure-impure among the
    people. This was the stigma for human society that was later transformed into castes. To
    which we see people still working according to their caste in our daily life. This shows that
    the caste is a dangerous disease that divides the entire human society into a mentally pure-
    impure person, which inhibits social development. As well as giving rise to fierce adverse
    consequences, the lives of many ordinary citizens are also eliminated. Challenging such evil
    among the society, it is a very big revolution.
    Challenging Rural Caste Institution: Rural India is the main source of the caste where
    every people divided in the caste hierarchy. Not only hierarchy even purity and impurity.
    Satnamisamaj has not even escaped from this social stigma in Chhattisgarh. These incidences
    have been happening some years ago. That is nowadays stopped nevertheless can't be denied
    it. Satnami movement is previous that stood against of caste atrocities and discrimination.
    This revolutionary movement has been provided dignity and respectful life even several
    rights to downtrodden people. The consequence, Satnamisamaj have been independent
    regarding social, cultural and religious rituals. Though, Satnami itself conducts ceremonies,
    no need of Brahmin priest during the marriage or any other social programs.
    Every rural society has their own social institutions like kinship, marriage, family and
    religion and caste system which function certain rules and regulations. For the being member

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    Sanjiw Kumar Manjre
    6655
    (Pg. 6652-6656)

    of the marriage institution, you have to marry a woman. But, in case of caste institutions,
    people are itself been members. The social institution is a method and systems that govern
    social functions through certain laws and customs established in the society. However, in
    some Indian societies, such social institutions have attained the place. This is proving
    dangerous for humanity. There is some examples marriage (endogamy), religion and caste.
    The creation of these social institutions was made to operate the human and social system
    smoothly. But their rigors and fanaticism promote social problems and stereotypes. Choubey
    says, "The methods, methodologies, and procedures accepted by society can be called
    institutions of rules."
    Satnamisamaj stumbled in two sides: one is casteism and second is British system.
    Despite its Satnamisamaj jumped in large number into the country's freedom movement.
    Dedication and scarification of Satnamisamaj were really challenging in an unfavorable
    situation. But, Satnamis did not go back as if no one cares about life.
    Conclusion: In Chhattisgarh, caste institution is too deadly especially in rural areas. Every
    caste separated and segregated to each even person to person. People maintain caste wise
    distance in everyday life. They don't want to involve from different castes during happy or
    sorrow of family. Therefore, their result is very scary because people lost their sense and do
    deadly attacks to each other. Their bad effects are always threat.
    Satnamis are mostly living in rural Chhattisgarh. Satnami is an agricultural society.
    Their livelihood depends on agriculture but nowadays their occupation is going to change due
    to contact of the education and small business. Satnamisamaj has separate social institutions
    from Hinduism. Satnamisamaj has own Bhandari and Satidar (ritual priest) that are
    functioning whole social system like marriages, death ceremonies, religious rituals and so on.
    In Satnamisamaj, this change came from Satnami movement in Chhattisgarh. Guru Ghasidas
    was a founder of the movement in early 19th Century. Satnamisamaj's ideology has totally
    against of the caste system. Satnamis have been denied all kinds of Brahmanical ideas and
    concept and Satnamis also strictly criticized of the caste system.
    References:
    Ambedkar, B.R. (1917), Castes in India: Their Mechanism, Genesis, and Development, Indian
    Antiquary, Vol. XLI.
    Jayapalan, N. (2001). Indian Society and Social Institutions, New Delhi: Atlantic Publications and
    Distributors.
    Rath, N. (1996). Women in Rural Society: A Quest for Development. New Delhi: M D Publications
    PVT LTD.

    Copyright 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies


    Sanjiw Kumar Manjre
    6656
    (Pg. 6652-6656)

    Chaube, R. and Sharma V. (2006).Social Cultural Anthropology, Bhopal (M.P.): Madhya Pradesh
    Hindi Granth Academy.
    Stern W. Robert (2003), Changing India: Bourgeois Revolution on the Subcontinent, Cambridge
    University Press, UK.
    Manjre S.K. (2016), Satnami Movement in Chhattisgarh: Source of Nation Building, Unpublished
    MPhil Dissertation, School of Social Sciences, Central University of Gujarat.
    Manjre S.K. and Banjare S.K. (2015), "Chhattisgarh Mein SatnamAndolan", Sangharsh/Struggle: e-
    Journal of Dalit Literary Studies, Vol. 4, Issue 1
    Sonwani, I.R. (1993), Chhattisgarh keRashtriyaAandolan Mein SatnamPanth
    kaYogdaan (1885-1947), Department of History, Pt. RavishankarShukla University, Raipur.
    Social Institutions: Continuity & Change _ Part1 _ Introduction-1 _ Swati Chakravorty, last search
    on 17.10.2017:03:12
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zc7UPZRbejU
    Social Institutions: Continuity & Change _ Part2 _ Introduction-2 _ Swati Chakravorty, last search
    on 17.10.2017:04:39
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3idQ-FHXphA&t=227s

    Copyright 2017, Scholarly Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies

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