CORE COURSE SEMESTER - 1 ZOOLOGY ( HONS )

ZOO. CC I (Th) : DIVERSITY AND EVOLUTION OF NON-CHORDATA

(PROTISTA TO PSEUDOCOELOMATES)

Time 3hrs F.M.: 100 [60(End sem)+15(Int)+25(Pr)] Credit- 6 [ 4(TH) +2(PR) ]

Unit 1: Phylum Protozoa, Parazoa and Metazoa

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Life cycle, pathogenicity and

prophylaxis of Plasmodium vivax, Trypanosomagambiense and Entamoebaistolytica;
Locomotion and reproduction in Protozoa; Evolution of Parazoa and Metazoa.
Unit 2: Phylum Porifera and Ctenophora

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Canal system in sponges;

General characteristics and evolutionary significance.

Unit 3: Phylum Cnidaria

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Metagenesis in Obelia;

Polymorphism in Cnidaria; Corals and coral reefs.
Unit 4: Phylum Platyhelminthes

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Life cycle, pathogenicity and

prophylaxis of Fasciola hepatica and Taeniasolium; Parasitic adaptations.

Unit 5 :Phylum Nemathelminthes

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Life cycle, pathogenicity and

prophylaxis of Ascarislumbricoides and Wuchereriabancrofti; Parasitic adaptations.
th
Note: Classification to be followed from Barnes RD (1982)Invertebrate Zoology. 5 Edition.

ZOO.-CC-1( LAB )PRACTICALS Marks 25

Phylum Protozoa
1. Morphology of Paramecium, Binary fission and Conjugation in Paramecium.
2. Life stages of Plasmodium vivax, Trypanosmagambiense and Entamoebahistolytica
(Slides/ Micro- photographs).
3. Examination of pond water for protists.

Phylum Porifera

4. Study of Sycon (including T.S. and L.S.), Hyalonema, and Euplectella.

5. Temporary mounts of spicules, gemmules and spongin fibres.

Phylum Cnidaria

6. Study of Obelia, Physalia, Millepora, Aurelia,Ephyra larva, Tubipora,

Corallium,Alcyonium, GorgoniaandMetridium(including T.S. and L.S.).
Phylum Ctenophora
7. Any one specimen/slide.

Phylum Platyhelminthes

8. Study of adult Fasciola hepatica, Taeniasolium and their life stages (Slides/
microphotographs).
Phylum Nemathelminthes

9. Study of adult Ascarislumbricoides, Wuchereriabancrofti and their life stages

(Slides/ microphotographs).
th
Note: Classification to be followed from Barnes RD (1982)Invertebrate Zoology. 5 Edition.
SUGGESTED READINGS
st
1. Arora MP (2006) Non-Chordata-I. 1 edition. Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi.
st
2. Arora MP (2008) Non-Chordata-II. 1 edition. Himalaya Publishing House, New
Delhi. th
3. Barnes RD (1982) Invertebrate Zoology. 6 Edition. Holt Saunders International
Edition.
4. Barnes RSK, Calow P, Olive PJW, Golding DW & Spicer JI (2002) The Invertebrates:
rd
A New Synthesis. 3 Edition. Blackwell Science, USA.
nd
5. Barrington EJW (1979) Invertebrate Structure and Functions. 2 Edition. ELBS
and Nelson.
6. Boradale LA and Potts EA (1961) Invertebrates: A Manual for the use of Students. Asia
Publishing Home.
7. Jordan EL and Verma PS (1963) Invertebrate Zoology. Revised Edition. S. Chand,
New Delhi.
CORE COURSE SEMESTER - 1 ZOOLOGY ( HONS )

ZOO- CC- II (Th) - PERSPECTIVES IN ECOLOGY (CREDITS: THEORY-4,

PRACTICALS-2)

Time 3hrs F.M.: 100 [60(End sem)+15(Int)+25(Pr)] Credit- 6 [ 4(TH) +2(PR) ]

Unit 1: Introduction to Ecology

Relevance of studying ecology; History of ecology; Autecology and synecology;

Levels of organization; Laws of limiting factors; Detailed study of temperature and
light as physical factors.

Unit 2: Population

Unitary and modular populations; Unique and group attributes of population: Density,
natality, mortality, life tables, fecundity tables, survivorship curves, age ratio, sex ratio,
dispersal and dispersion; Exponential and logistic growth, equation and patterns, r and
K strategies, Population regulation - density-dependent and independent factors;
Population interactions, Gauses Principle with laboratory and field examples; Lotka-
Volterra equation for competition and Predation, functional and numerical responses.

Unit 3: Community

Community characteristics: dominance, diversity, species richness, abundance,

stratification; Ecotone and edge effect; Ecosystem development (succession) with
example and Theories pertaining to climax community.

Unit 4: Ecosystem

Types of ecosystem; Food chain, Detritus and grazing food chains, Linear and Y-
shaped food chains; Food web; Energy flow through the ecosystem; Ecological
pyramids and Ecological efficiencies; Nutrient and biogeochemical cycle, Nitrogen
cycle and Sulphur cycle.

Unit 5;Conservation of Biodiversity

Types of biodiversity, its significance, loss of biodiversity; Conservation strategies (in

situ and ex situ); Role of ZSI, WWF, IUCN; Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

ZOO.-CC-II ( LAB ) PRACTICALS Marks 25

1. Study of life tables and plot

2. ing of survivorship curves of different types from the hypothetical/real data provided.
3. Determination of population density in a natural/hypothetical community by quadrate
method and calculation of Shannon-Weiner diversity index for the same community.
 3. Study of an aquatic ecosystem: fauna and flora Measurement of area,
temperature,turbidity/penetration of light, determination of pH, and Dissolved Oxygen
content(Winklers method), Chemical Oxygen Demand and free CO2.
4. Report on a visit to National Park/Biodiversity Park/Wildlife sanctuary.

SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Colinvaux PA (1993) Ecology. II Edition. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., USA.
2. Dash MC (1993) Fundamentals of Ecology. McGraw Hill Book Company, New Delhi.
st
3. Joshi N and Joshi PC (2012) Ecology and Environment. 1 Edition. Himalaya
Publishing House, New Delhi.
4. Odum EP (2008) Fundamentals of Ecology. Indian Edition. Brooks/Cole.
th
5. Ricklefs, R.E., (2000). Ecology. 5 Edition. Chiron Press.
6. Robert Leo Smith Ecology and field biology Harper and Row.
7. Singh JS, Gupta SR and Singh SP (2014) Ecology, Environmental Science and
Conservation. S. Chand, New Delhi.

CORE COURSE SEMESTER 1I ZOOLOGY ( HONS )

ZOO. CC III (Th) : DIVERSITY AND EVOLUTION OF NON-CHORDATA

(COELOMATE NONCHORDATES)
Time 3hrs F.M.: 100 [60(End sem)+15(Int)+25(Pr)] Credit- 6 [ 4(TH) +2(PR)
]

Unit 1: Phylum Annelida

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Evolution of Coelom;

Metamerism and Excretion in Annelida.
Unit 2: Phylum Arthropoda

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Vision in Arthropoda;

Respiration in Arthropoda; Moulting in insects, Metamorphosis in insects; Social life
in insects (bees and termites) and Larval forms in Crustacea.
Unit 3: Phylum Onychophora
General characteristics, evolutionary significance and affinities of Peripatus.

Unit 4: Phylum Mollusca

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Respiration in Mollusca;

Torsion and detorsion in Gastropoda; Pearl formation in bivalves and Evolutionary
significance of trochophore larva.

Unit 5: Phylum Echinodermata

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Water-vascular system in

Asteroidea; Larval forms in Echinodermata and Evolutionary significance (Affinities
with Chordates).
Note: Classification to be followed from Barnes, R.D. (1982).Invertebrate Zoology,
 th
5 Edition, Holt Saunders International Edition.

ZOO. CC-III ( LAB ) PRACTICAL Marks 25

Phylum Annelida

1. Study of Aphrodite, Nereis, Heteronereis, Sabella, Terebella, Serpula,

Chaetopterus,Pheretima and Hirudinaria.
2. T.S. through pharynx, gizzard, and typhlosolar intestine of earthworm.
3. T.S. through crop of leech.
Phylum Arthropoda
4. Study of Limulus, Palamnaeus, Palaemon, Daphnia, Balanus, Sacculina,
Cancer, Eupagurus,Scolopendra,Julus, termite, louse, honeybee, silk moth, wasp and
dragon fly.
Phylum Onychophora
5. Any one specimen/slide.
Phylum Mollusca

6. Study of Chiton, Dentalium, Pila, Doris, Helix, Unio, Ostrea, Mytilus,

Loligo,Sepia,Octopusand Nautilus andCypraea(cowrie).
Phylum Echinodermata
7. Study of echinoderm larvae.
8. Study of Pentaceros, Asterias, Ophiura, Clypeaster, Echinus,
Echinocardium,CucumariaandAntedon.
Note: Classification to be followed from Barnes, R.D. (1982).Invertebrate Zoology,
th
5 Edition, Holt Saunders International Edition.

SUGGESTED READINGS
st
1. Arora MP (2006) Non-Chordata-I. 1 edition. Himalaya Publishing House, New
Delhi.
st
2. Arora MP (2008) Non-Chordata-II. 1 edition. Himalaya Publishing House, New
Delhi. th
3. Barnes RD (1982) Invertebrate Zoology. 6 Edition. Holt Saunders International
Edition.
4. Barnes RSK, Calow P, Olive PJW, Golding DW & Spicer JI (2002) The
rd
Invertebrates: A New Synthesis. 3 Edition. Blackwell Science, USA.
nd
5. Barrington EJW (1979) Invertebrate Structure and Functions. 2 Edition.
ELBS and Nelson.
6. Boradale LA and Potts EA (1961) Invertebrates: A Manual for the use of Students.
Asia Publishing Home.
7. Jordan EL and Verma PS (1963) Invertebrate Zoology. Revised Edition. S. Chand,
New Delhi.
8. Mohanty PK (2000) Illustrated Dictionary of Biology. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.
CORE COURSE SEMESTER 1I ZOOLOGY ( HONS )

ZOO. CC IV (Th) : PHYSIOLOGY: LIFE SUSTAINING SYSTEMS

(CREDITS: THEORY-4, PRACTICALS-2)

Time 3hrs F.M.: 100 [60(End sem)+15(Int)+25(Pr)] Credit- 6 [ 4(TH) +2(PR)

]

THEORY
LECTURES: 60 Marks 75

Unit 1: Digestive System

Structural organization, histology and functions of gastrointestinal tract and its

associated glands; Mechanical and chemical digestion of food; Absorptions of
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, water, minerals and vitamins; Role of gastrointestinal
hormones on the secretion and control of enzymes of gastrointestinal tract.

Unit 2: Respiratory System

Histology of trachea and lung; Mechanism of respiration, Pulmonary ventilation;

Respiratory volume and capacity; Transport of oxygen in the blood; Oxygen-
hemoglobin and myoglobin, dissociation curve and the factors influencing it; Carbon
monoxide poisoning; Carbon dioxide transport in the blood; buffering action of blood
and haemoglobin and Control of respiration.

Unit 3: Excretory System

Structure of kidney and its histological details; Renal blood supply; Mechanism of
urine formation and its regulation and Regulation of acid-base balance.
Unit 4: Blood

Components of blood and their functions; Structure and functions of haemoglobin;

Haemopoiesis; Haemostasis and Coagulation of blood and Disorders of blood.

Unit 5: Heart

Structure of heart; Coronary circulation; Structure of conducting and working of

myocardial fibers; Origin and conduction of cardiac impulses functions of AV node;
Cardiac cycle; Cardiac output and its regulation-Frank-Starling Law of the heart;
Nervous and chemical regulation of heart rate; Blood pressure and its regulation and
Electrocardiogram.

ZOO. CC-IV ( LAB ) PRACTICAL Marks 25

1. Enumeration of red blood cells using haemocytometer.
 2. Estimation of haemoglobin using Sahlishaemoglobinometer.
3. Preparation of haemin and haemochromogen crystals.
4. Recording of blood pressure using a Sphygmomanometer.
5. Examination of sections of mammalian oesophagus, stomach, duodenum, ileum,
rectum liver, trachea, lung and kidney.

SUGGESTED READINGS
th
1. Arey LB (1974) Human Histology. 4 Edition. W.B. Saunders, USA.
2. Chatterjee CC (2008) Human Physiology. Vol. I and II. Medical Allied Agency, Kolkata.
th
3. Guyton AC and Hall JE (2006) Textbook of Medical Physiology. 9 Edition.
W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
4. Mohanty PK (2000) Illustrated Dictionary of Biology. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.
th
5. Tortora GJ and Derrickson B (2012) Principles of Anatomy & Physiology. 13 Edition
John Wiley and sons, USA.
th
6. Victor PE (2008)diFiores Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlations. 12 Edition.
Lippincott W. & Wilkins, USA.

GENERIC ELECTIVE COURSE SEMESTER 1/III ZOOLOGY (

INTERDISCIPLINERY

ZOO. GE I (Th) : FOOD, NUTRITION AND HEALTH

Time 3hrs F.M.: 100 [60(End sem)+15(Int)+25(Pr)] Credit- 6 [ 4(TH) +2(PR)

]

THEORY
LECTURES: 60 Marks 75

Unit 1: Food; Diet; Nutrient; Vitamins; Disorders due to deficiency of vitamins; Synthetic
foodsand drinks.

Unit 2: Functions of food; Components of food; Nutrients (Macro and micronutrients):

theirbiochemical role and dietary sources; Food groups and the concept of a balanced
diet; Causes of food spoilage; Food adulteration; Nutrition through the life cycle-
Physiological considerations, nutrient needs and dietary pattern for various groups-
adults, pregnant and nursing mothers, infants, preschool and school children,
adolescents and elderly.

Unit 3: Nutritional Biochemistry Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins - Definition,

Classification,Structure and properties Significance of acid value, iodine value and
saponification value of lipids; Essential and Non-essential amino acids; Enzymes-
Definition, Classification, Properties; Coenzymes Vitamins- Fat-soluble and Water-
soluble vitamins; their Structure and properties Minerals- Iron, calcium, phosphorus,
iodine, selenium and zinc and their properties.
Unit 4: Introduction to health- Definition and concept of health; Major nutritional
deficiencyDiseases: Protein Energy Malnutrition; Life style related diseases-
hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity- their causes and prevention through
dietary or lifestyle modifications. Social health problems- smoking, alcoholism, drug
dependence and Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS); Common ailments-
cold, cough, fevers, diarrhoea, constipation: their causes and dietary treatment.

Unit 5 ;Food hygiene, Potable water- sources and methods of purification, Food and
Waterborne Infections.

ZOO.- GE-1 LAB PRACTICALS Marks 25

1. To detect adulteration in a) Ghee b) Sugars c) Tea leaves and d) Turmeric.
2. To determine absorbed oil content in fried foods.
3. Estimation of lactose in milk.
4. Ascorbic acid estimation in food by titrimetry.
5. Estimation of calcium in foods by titrimetry.
6. Preparation of temporary mounts of various stored grain pests.
7. Project- Undertake computer aided diet analysis and nutrition counselling for
different age groups. OR Identify nutrient rich sources of foods, their seasonal
availability and price; study of Nutrition labelling on selected foods.

SUGGESTED BOOKS

1. Bamji MS, Rao NP and Reddy V (2009) Text Book of Human Nutrition. Oxford & IBH
Publishing Co. Pvt Ltd.
st
2. Jain P et al. (2007) Poshanvaswasthyakemoolsiddhant (Hindi). 1 Ed.
AcadamicPratibha.
st
3. Lakra P and Singh MD (2008) Textbook of Nutrition and Health. 1 Edition.
Academic Excellence.
4. Manay MS, Shadaksharaswamy (1998) Food-Facts and Principles. New
Age International (P) Ltd.
5. Mohanty PK (2000) Illustrated Dictionary of Biology. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.
6. Mudambi SR and Rajagopal MV (2007) Fundamentals of Foods, Nutrition and
th
Diet Therapy. 5 Edition. New Age International Publishers.
7. Srilakshmi B (2002) Nutrition Science. New Age International (P) Ltd.
th
8. Srilakshmi B (2007) Food Science. 4 Edition. New Age International (P) Ltd.
th
9. Swaminathan M (1986) Handbook of Foods and Nutrition. 5 Edition. BAPPCO.
th
10. Wardlaw GM, Hampl JS (2007) Perspectives in Nutrition. 7 Edition. McGraw Hill.

ZOOL.-DSC- I OF SEM-I IS SAME AS CC-I OF

SEM-I
GENERIC ELECTIVE COURSE SEMESTER 1I / IV ZOOLOGY (
INTERDISCIPLINERY )
ZOO. GE II (Th) : HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Time 3hrs F.M.: 100 [60(End sem)+15(Int)+25(Pr)] Credit- 6 [ 4(TH) +2(PR)
]

Unit 1: Digestion and absorption of Food

Structure and function of digestive gland ; Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, Fats
and Proteins ; Nervous and hormonal control of digestion (in brief ).

Unit 1i : Functioning of excitable tissue ( Nerve and Muscle )

Structure of neuron, Propagation of nerve impulse ( myelinated and non-myelinated nerve
fibre ) ; Structure of skeletal muscle, mechanism of muscle contraction ( sliding filament
theory ), Neuromuscular junction.

Unit 1II : Respiratory Physiology

Ventilation ,External and internal respiration. Transport of Oxygen and Carbon dioxide in
blood, factors affecting transport of gases.

Unit 1V : Renal and cardio vascular Physiology

Functional anatomy of Kidney, mechanism and regulation of urine formation. Structure of
heart, coordination of heart beat, Cardiac cycle, ECG.

Unit V : Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology

Structure and function of endocrine glad ( Pituitary thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, adrenal,
ovaries and testes ), Brief account of spermatogenesis and oogenesis, menstrual cycle .

ZOO.- GE-1i - LAB PRACTICALS Marks 25

1.Preparation of temporary mounts : neurons and Blood film.

2.Preparation of haemin and haemochromogen crystals.
3. Estimation of haemoglobin, using Sahis haemoglobinometer.
4. Examination of permanent histological sections of mammalian oesophagus, stomach,
duodenum, rectum, lung, Kidney, Thyroid, Pancreas, adrenal, testes, ovary.

Suggested Readings
1.Totora G.J. Derickson, B.H. ( 2009 ). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, XII Ed John Wiley and
Sons. Inc.
2. Winmair, E.P. Raff. H. And Strand, K. T. ( 2008 ) Vanders Human Physiology, XI Ed. Mc Graw
 Hill. 3. Gayton, A.C. Hill. J.E. (2011), Textbook of medical physiology. Xii Ed. Harcourt Asia
Pvt. Ltd. / W.B. Saunders Company.
4. Marieb, E. (1998). Human Anatomy and Physiology. Iv Ed. Addison- Wesley.
5. Kesar. S. And Vashisht, N. (20070. Experimental Physiology, heritage Publishers.
6. Prakash, G. (20120. Lab Manual on Blood analysis and medical diagnostics, S.Chand and

Zoo.-DSC- II OF SEM-II IS SAME AS CC-II

company Ltd.

OF SEM-I

Core Courses SemesterIII- ZOOLOGY( Hons ) CC-V

CORE COURSE: ZOOLOGY
PAPER V
DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF CHORDATA
(CREDITS: THEORY-4, PRACTICALS-2)

Time 3 hrs. F.M. 100 [ 60( Sem) +15 (Int.) + 25 (Pr.)] Credits: -04(Th.) +02(Pr.)
Lectures 60 [ 40(Th.) +20 (Pr.)
Unit 1: Protochordata and Origin of Chordates

General characters of Hemichordata, Urochordata and Cephalochordata; Study of

larval forms in protochordates; Retrogressive metamorphosis in Urochordata;
Dipleurula concept and the Echinoderm theory of origin of chordates.

Unit 2: Introduction to Vertebrata and Agnatha

Advanced features of vertebrates over Protochordata; General characters and

classification of cyclostomes up to class; Structural peculiarities and affinities of
PetromyzonandMyxine.

Unit 3: Pisces and Amphibia

General characters of Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes and classification up to order;

Migration; Osmoregulation and Parental care in fishes; Scales in fishes; Origin of
Tetrapoda(Evolution of terrestrial ectotherms); General characters and classification
upto order and Parental care in Amphibians.

Unit 4: Reptilia and Aves

General characters and classification up to order; Skull in Reptilia; Affinities of

Sphenodon; Poison apparatus and Biting mechanism in snakes; General characters
andclassification up to order; Principles and aerodynamics of flight, Flight
adaptations; Archaeopteryx- a connecting link and Migration in birds.

Unit 5: Mammalsand Zoogeography

 General characters and classification up to order; Affinities of Prototheria and
Metatheria; Dentition in mammals; Adaptive radiation with reference to locomotory
appendages; Zoogeographical realms; Theories pertaining to distribution of animals
and Distribution of vertebrates in different realms.

PRACTICAL Marks 25
1. Protochordata
1. Balanoglossus, Herdmania, Branchiostomaand Colonial Urochordata.
2. Sections of Balanoglossus through proboscis and branchiogenital regions.
3. Sections of Amphioxus through pharyngeal, intestinal and caudal regions.
4. Permanent slide of spicules of Herdmania.

2.Agnatha
5. PetromyzonandMyxine.

3. Fishes

6. Sphyrna, Pristis, Trygon, Torpedo, Chimaera, Notopterus, Mystus, Heteropneustes,

Hippocampus, Exocoetus, Echeneis, Anguilla, Tetrodon,Diodon, Anabas and Flat
fish.

4.Amphibia

7. Ichthyophis/Ureotyphlus, Necturus, Duttaphrynus, Polypedates, Hyla,

AlytesandSalamandra.

5. Reptiles

8. Chelone, Trionyx, Hemidactylus, Varanus, Uromastix, Chamaeleon, Draco,

Ophiosaurus, Bungarus, Vipera, Naja, Hydrophis, ZamenisandCrocodylus.
9. Key for Identification of poisonous and non-poisonous snakes.

6. Aves
10. Study of six common birds from different orders.
11. Types of beaks and claws.
12. Types of feathers.

7. Mammalia
13. Sorex, Bat (Insectivorous and Frugivorous),Funambulus, Loris, Herpestesand
Hemiechenis.

SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Agarwal VK (2011) Zoology for degree students. S. Chand, New Delhi.
st
2. Arora MP (2006) Chordata-1. 1 Edition. Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi.
 th
3. Hall BK and Hallgrimsson B (2008) Strickbergers Evolution. 4 Edition. Jones
and Bartlett Publishers Inc., USA.
4. Jordan EL and Verma PS (1963) Chordate Zoology. Revised Edition. S. Chand, New
Delhi.
5. Mohanty PK (2000) Illustrated Dictionary of Biology. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.
rd
6. Young JZ (2004) The Life of Vertebrates. 3 Edition. Oxford University Press, USA.

Core Courses Semester- III ZOOLOGY( Hons ) CC-VI

CORE COURSE: ZOOLOGY
PAPER VI
PHYSIOLOGY CONTROLLING AND COORDINATING SYSTEM
(CREDITS: THEORY-4, PRACTICALS-2)

Time 3 hrs. F.M. 100 [ 60( Sem) +15 (Int.) + 25 (Pr.)] Credits: -04(Th.) +02(Pr.)
Lectures 60 [ 40(Th.) +20 (Pr.)
Unit 1: Tissues and Glands, Bone and cartilage

Structure, location, function and classification of Epithelial tissue, Connective tissue,

Muscular tissue, Nervous tissue; Types of glands and their functions; Structure and
types of bones and cartilages; Ossification, bone growth and resorption.

Unit 2: Nervous System

Structure of neuron, resting membrane potential; Origin of action potential and its
propagation across the myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers; types of synapsis,
Synaptic transmission; Neuromuscular junction; Reflex action and its types, Reflex
arc and Physiology of hearing and vision.

Unit 3: Muscle

Histology of different types of muscle; Ultra structure of skeletal muscle; Molecular

and chemical basis of muscle contraction; Characteristics of muscle twitch; Motor
Unit, summation and tetanus.

Unit 4: Reproductive System

Histology of male and female reproductive systems; Puberty; Physiology of

reproduction of male and female; Methods of contraception (depicted through flow
chart).

Unit 5: Endocrine System

Functional Histology of endocrine glands - pineal, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid,

thymus, pancreas, adrenals; Hormones secreted by them and their mechanism of
 action; Gonadal hormones; Classification of hormones; Regulation of their secretion;
Mode of hormone action; Signal transduction pathways utilized by steroidal and non-
steroidal hormones; Hypothalamus (neuroendocrine gland), principal nuclei involved
in neuroendocrine control of anterior pituitary and endocrine system and Placental
hormones.
PRACTICALS Marks 25

1. Demonstration of the unconditioned reflex action (Deep tendon reflex such as knee
jerk reflex).
2. Preparation of temporary mounts: Squamous epithelium, Striated muscle fibres and
nerve cells.
3. Examination of sections of mammalian skin, Cartilage, Bone, Spinal cord, Nerve cell,
Pituitary, Pancreas, Testis, Ovary, Adrenal, Thyroid and Parathyroid.
SUGGESTED BOOKS
th
1. Arey LB (1974) Human Histology. 4 Edition. W.B. Saunders, USA.
2. Chatterjee CC (2008) Human Physiology. Vol. I and II. Medical Allied Agency, Kolkata.
th
3. Guyton AC and Hall JE (2006) Textbook of Medical Physiology. 9 Edition.
W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
4. Mohanty PK (2000) Illustrated Dictionary of Biology. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.
th
5. Tortora GJ and Derrickson B (2012) Principles of Anatomy & Physiology. 13
Edition John Wiley and sons, USA.
th
6. Victor PE (2008)diFiores Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlations. 12 Edition.
Lippincott W. and Wilkins, USA.

Core Courses Semester- III ZOOLOGY( Hons ) CC-VII

CORE COURSE: ZOOLOGY
PAPER VII
COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES
(CREDITS: THEORY-4, PRACTICALS-2)

Time 3 hrs. F.M. 100 [ 60( Sem) +15 (Int.) + 25 (Pr.)] Credits: -04(Th.) +02(Pr.)
Lectures 60 [ 40(Th.) +20 (Pr.)
Unit 1: Integumentary System and Skeletal System

Structure, functions and derivatives of integument; Axial and appendicular skeletons;

Jaw suspensorium in vertebrates.

Unit 2: Digestive and Respiratory System

Alimentary canal and associated glands; Skin, gills, lungs and air sacs and Accessory
respiratory organs in fishes.

Unit 3: Circulatory System

General plan of circulation; Evolution of heart and aortic arches.

Unit 4: Urinogenital System

 Succession of kidney; Evolution of urinogenital ducts and Types of mammalian uteri.

Unit 5: Nervous System and Sense Organs

Comparative account of brain; Autonomic nervous system; Spinal Nerves; Spinal

cord; Cranial nerves in Mammals; Classification of receptors; visual receptors,
chemo-receptors and mechanoreceptors.

PRACTICAL Marks 25
1. Study of placoid, cycloid and ctenoid scales through permanent slides/photographs.
2. Disarticulated skeleton of Frog, Varanus, Fowl and Rabbit.
3. Carapace and plastron of turtle or tortoise.
4. Mammalian skulls (One herbivorous and one carnivorous animal).

SUGGESTED READINGS

1. Hilderbrand M and Gaslow GE. Analysis of Vertebrate Structure. John Wiley and
Sons., USA.
2. Kardong KV (2005) Vertebrates Comparative Anatomy, Function and
th
Evolution. 4 Edition. McGraw-Hill Higher Education, New York.
th
3. Kent GC and Carr RK (2000) Comparative Anatomy of the Vertebrates. 9 Edition.
The McGraw-Hill Companies, New York.
4. Mohanty PK (2000) Illustrated Dictionary of Biology. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.
5. Weichert CK and William Presch (1970) Elements of Chordate Anatomy. Tata
McGraw Hill, New York.
Core Courses Semester- IV ZOOLOGY( Hons ) CC-VIII
CORE COURSE: ZOOLOGY
PAPER VIII
BIOCHEMISTRY OF METABOLIC PROCESSES
(CREDITS: THEORY-4, PRACTICALS-2)

Time 3 hrs. F.M. 100 [ 60( Sem) +15 (Int.) + 25 (Pr.)] Credits: -04(Th.) +02(Pr.)
Lectures 60 [ 40(Th.) + 20(Pr.)
Unit 1: Biomolecules

Structures and properties of important mono-, di- and polysaccharides; Fatty acids,
triglycerides and steroids; and amino acids and proteins.

Unit 2: Carbohydrate Metabolism

Glycolysis; Citric acid cycle; pentose phosphate pathway; Gluconeogenesis; Shuttle

systems(Malate-aspartate shuttle, Glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle); Glycogenolysis;
Glycogenesis.

Unit 3: Lipid Metabolism

-oxidation of saturated fatty acids with even and odd number of carbon atoms;
Biosynthesis of palmitic acid and Ketogenesis and its regulation.
Unit 4: Protein Metabolism

Catabolism of amino acids: Transamination, Deamination; Urea cycle; Fate of C-skeleton

of Glucogenic and Ketogenic amino acids.

Unit 5: Enzymes and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Kinetics and Mechanism of action of enzymes; Inhibition of enzyme action; Allosteric

enzymes; Oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria; Respiratory chain, ATP synthase,
Inhibitors and Uncouplers.

PRACTICALS Marks 25

1. Identification of unknown carbohydrates in given solutions (Starch, Sucrose, Lactose,

Galactose, Glucose, Fructose).
2. Colour tests of functional groups in protein solutions.
3. Action of salivary amylase under optimum conditions.
4. Effect of pH on the action of salivary amylase.
5. Effect of temperature on the action of salivary amylase.
6. Estimation of total protein in given solutions by Lowrys method.

SUGGESTED READINGS
 th
1. Berg JM, Tymoczko JL and Stryer L (2007) Biochemistry. 6 Edition, W.H. Freeman
and Co., New York.
th
2. Cox MM and Nelson DL (2008) Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry. 5 Edition. W.H.
Freeman and Co., New York.
nd
3. Devesena T (2014) Enzymology. 2 Edition. Oxford University Press, UK.
nd
4. Hames BD and Hooper NM (2000) Instant Notes in Biochemistry. 2 Edition. BIOS
Scientific Publishers Ltd., U.K.
5. Mohanty PK (2000) Illustrated Dictionary of Biology. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.
6. Murray RK, Bender DA, Botham KM, Kennelly PJ, Rodwell VW and Well PA (2009)
th
Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 28 Edition. International Edition. The McGraw-Hill
Companies Inc., New York.

Core Courses Semester- IV ZOOLOGY( Hons ) CC-IX

CORE COURSE: ZOOLOGY
PAPER IX
CELL BIOLOGY
(CREDITS: THEORY-4, PRACTICALS-2)
Time 3 hrs. F.M. 100 [ 60( Sem) +15 (Int.) + 25 (Pr.)] Credits: -04(Th.) +02(Pr.)
Lectures 60 [ 40(Th.) + (Pr.)
Unit 1: Cells and Plasma Membrane

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells; Mycoplasma;Virus, Viroids,Virionsand Prions; Various

models of plasma membrane; Transport across membranes; Cell junctions:Occluding
junctions (Tight junctions), Anchoring junctions (desmosomes), Communicating
junctions (gap junctions) and Plasmodesmata.

Unit 2: Endomembrane System, Mitochondria and Peroxisomes

The Endoplasmic Reticulum; Golgi apparatus; Mechanism of vesicular transport;

Lysosomes; Structure and function of mitochondria: Chemi-osmotic hypothesis;
Semiautonomous nature of mitochondria; Endosymbiotic hypothesis and Peroxisomes.

Unit 3: Cytoskeleton and Nucleus

Structure and functions of intermediate filament, microtubules and microfilaments; Ultra

structure of nucleus; Nuclear envelope: Structure of nuclear pore complex; Chromosomal
DNA and its packaging; Structure and function of Nucleolus.

Unit 4: Cell Cycle and Cell Signaling

Cell cycle, Regulation of cell cycle; Signaling molecules and their receptors.

Unit 5: Apoptosis and Cancer

Extrinsic (Death Receptor) Pathway and Intrinsic (Mitochondrial) Pathway; Growth and
development of tumors and Metastasis.
PRACTICAL Marks 25
1. Grams staining technique for visualization of prokaryotic cells.
2. Study various stages of mitosis from permanent slides.
 3. Study various stages of meiosis from permanent slides.

4. Study the presence of Barr body in human female blood cells/cheek cells. (Preparation of
permanent slides).
5. Cytochemical demonstration (Preparation of permanent slides).
i. DNA by Feulgen reaction.
ii. Mucopolysaccharides by PAS reaction.
iii. Proteins by Mercurobromophenol blue.
iv. DNA and RNA by Methyl Green Pyronin.
(In practical examination, 05 marks should be of permanent slide submission; one
markeach for DNA, PAS, Proteins, MGP and Barr body slide.)
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Becker WM, Kleinsmith LJ, Hardin J and Bertoni G P (2009) The World of the Cell.
th
7 Edition. Pearson Benjamin Cummings Publishing, San Francisco.
2. Bruce Albert, Bray Dennis, Levis Julian, Raff Martin, Roberts Keith and Watson James
th
(2008) Molecular Biology of the Cell. 5 Edition. Garland publishing Inc., New York.
th
3. Cooper GM and Hausman RE (2009) The Cell: A Molecular Approach. 5 Edition.
ASM Press, Washington D.C.
th
4. De Robertis EDP and De Robertis EMF (2006) Cell and Molecular Biology. 8
Edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia.
th
5. Karp G (2010) Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments. 6 Edition.
John Wiley and Sons. Inc., USA.
6. Mohanty PK (2000) Illustrated Dictionary of Biology. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.

Core Courses Semester- IV ZOOLOGY( Hons ) CC-X

CORE COURSE: ZOOLOGY
PAPER X
PRINCIPLES OF GENETICS
(CREDITS: THEORY-4, PRACTICALS-2)

Time 3 hrs. F.M. 100 [ 60( Sem) +15 (Int.) + 25 (Pr.)] Credits: -04(Th.) +02(Pr.)
Lectures 60 [ 40(Th.) +20 (Pr.)
Unit 1: Mendelian Genetics and its Extension

Principles of inheritance; Incomplete dominance and co-dominance; Multiple alleles,

Lethal alleles; Epistasis; Pleiotropy; Sex-linked inheritance.

Unit 2: Linkage, Crossing Over and Chromosomal Mapping

Linkage and crossing over; Cytological basis of crossing over; Molecular mechanisms of
crossing over; Recombination frequency as a measure of linkage intensity; Two factor
and three factor crosses; Interference and coincidence and Somatic cell hybridization.
Unit 3: Mutations

Gene mutations; Chromosomal mutations: Deletion, duplication, inversion,

translocation;Aneuploidy and polyploidy; Induced versus spontaneous mutations;
Backward and forward mutations; Suppressor mutations; Molecular basis of mutations in
relation to UV light and chemical mutagens; Detection of mutations: CLB method,
attached X method and DNA repair mechanisms.

Unit 4: Sex Determination and Quantitative Genetics

Chromosomal mechanisms of sex determination; Sex-linked, sex-influenced and sex

limited characters; Polygenic inheritance and Transgressive variation.

Unit 5: Extra-chromosomal Inheritance

Criteria for extra-chromosomal inheritance; Antibiotic resistance in Chlamydomonas;

Mitochondrial mutations and Maternal effects.
PRACTICAL Marks 25

1. To study the Mendelian laws and gene interactions and their verification by Chisquare
analyses using seeds/beads/Drosophila.
2. Identification of various mutants of Drosophila.
3. To calculate allelic frequencies by Hardy-Weinberg Law.
4. Linkage maps based on data from crosses of Drosophila.
5. Study of human karyotype (normal and abnormal).
6. Pedigree analysis of some human inherited traits.
7. Preparation of polytene chromosomes from larva of Chironomous/Drosophila.
8. To study mutagenicity in Salmonella/E. coli by Ames test.
SUGGESTED READINGS
th
1. Gardner EJ, Simmons MJ, Snustad DP (2008) Principles of Genetics. 8 Edition. Wiley
India.
2. Griffiths AJF, Wessler SR, Lewontin RC and Carroll SB. Introduction to Genetic
th
Analysis. 9 Edition. W. H. Freeman and Co., New York.
3. Klug WS, Cummings MR, Spencer CA and Palladino MA (2012) Concepts of Genetics.
th
10 Edition. Pearson Edsucation, Inc., USA.
4. Mohanty PK (2000) Illustrated Dictionary of Biology. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.
rd
5. Russell PJ (2009) Genetics- A Molecular Approach. 3 Edition. Benjamin Cummings,
USA.
th
6. Snustad DP and Simmons MJ (2012) Principles of Genetics. 6 Edition. John Wiley and
Sons Inc., USA.
th
7. Verma PS and Agarwal VK (2010) Genetics. 9 Edition. S. Chand, New Delhi.

SEMESTER-III, ZOOLOGY -DSC-III

CORE COURSE: ZOOLOGY
PAPER III
DIVERSITY AND EVOLUTION OF NON-CHORDATA (COELOMATE
NONCHORDATES)
(CREDITS: THEORY-4, PRACTICALS-2)
Time 3 hrs. F.M. 100 [ 60( Sem) +15 (Int.) + 25 (Pr.)] Credits: -04(Th.) +02(Pr.)
Lectures 60 [ 40(Th.) +20 (Pr.)
Unit 1: Phylum Annelida

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Metamerism and Excretion in

Annelida.

Unit 2: Phylum Arthropoda

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Vision in Arthropoda; Respiration

in Arthropoda; Moulting in insects, Metamorphosis in insects; Social life in insects (bees
and termites) and Larval forms in Crustacea.

Unit 3: Phylum Onychophora

General characteristics, evolutionary significance and Affinities of Peripatus.

Unit 4: Phylum Mollusca

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Respiration in Mollusca; Torsion

and detorsion in Gastropoda; Pearl formation in bivalves.

Unit 5: Phylum Echinodermata

General characteristics and classification up to classes; Water-vascular system in

Asteroidea; Larval forms in Echinodermata.
th
Note: Classification to be followed from Barnes, R.D. (1982).Invertebrate Zoology, 5 Edition,
Holt Saunders International Edition.
 PRACTICAL Marks 25
Phylum Annelida

8. Study of Aphrodite, Nereis, Sabella, Terebella, Serpula, Chaetopterus, Pheretima

andHirudinaria.
9. T.S. through pharynx, gizzard, and typhlosolar intestine of earthworm.
10. T.S. through crop of leech.

Phylum Arthropoda
4. Study of Limulus, Palamnaeus, Palaemon, Daphnia, Balanus, Sacculina, Cancer,
Eupagurus,Scolopendra,Julus, termite, louse, honeybee, silk moth, wasp and dragon fly.

Phylum Onychophora
5. Any one specimen/slide.

Phylum Mollusca

5. Study of Chiton, Dentalium, Pila, Doris, Helix, Unio, Ostrea, Mytilus, Loligo,
Sepia,Octopus and Nautilus andCyprea(cowrie).

Phylum Echinodermata
7. Study of echinoderm larvae.
8. Study of Pentaceros, Asterias, Ophiura, Clypeaster, Echinus,
Echinocardium,CucumariaandAntedon.
th
Note: Classification to be followed from Barnes, R.D. (1982).Invertebrate Zoology, 5 Edition,
Holt Saunders International Edition.
SUGGESTED READINGS
st
9. Arora MP (2006) Non-Chordata-I. 1 edition. Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi.
st
10. Arora MP (2008) Non-Chordata-II. 1 edition. Himalaya Publishing House, New Delhi.
th
11. Barnes RD (1982) Invertebrate Zoology. 6 Edition. Holt Saunders International Edition.
12. Barnes RSK, Calow P, Olive PJW, Golding DW & Spicer JI (2002) The Invertebrates: A
rd
New Synthesis. 3 Edition. Blackwell Science, USA.
nd
13. Barrington EJW (1979) Invertebrate Structure and Functions. 2 Edition. ELBS
and Nelson.
14. Boradale LA and Potts EA (1961) Invertebrates: A Manual for the use of Students. Asia
Publishing Home.
15. Jordan EL and Verma PS (1963) Invertebrate Zoology. Revised Edition. S. Chand, New
Delhi.
16. Mohanty PK (2000) Illustrated Dictionary of Biology. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.

SEM-IV ZOO DSC-IV IS SAME AS CC-V