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    DM Exam

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    yayooo2004
    The document discusses pancreatic hormones and antidiabetic drugs. It covers insulin, glucagon, and other hormones secreted by the pancreas. It then discusses various oral antidiabetic drugs like sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and biguanides. Sulfonylureas work by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. Thiazolidinediones work by reducing insulin resistance. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors work by inhibiting intestinal carbohydrate absorption. Biguanides like metformin work by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis. The document provides true/false and multiple choice questions to test knowledge of these topics.

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    DM Exam

    Uploaded by

    yayooo2004
    4K views4 pages
    The document discusses pancreatic hormones and antidiabetic drugs. It covers insulin, glucagon, and other hormones secreted by the pancreas. It then discusses various oral antidiabetic drugs like sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and biguanides. Sulfonylureas work by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. Thiazolidinediones work by reducing insulin resistance. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors work by inhibiting intestinal carbohydrate absorption. Biguanides like metformin work by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis. The document provides true/false and multiple choice questions to test knowledge of these topics.

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    The document discusses pancreatic hormones and antidiabetic drugs. It covers insulin, glucagon, and other hormones secreted by the pancreas. It then discusses various oral antidiabetic drugs like sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and biguanides. Sulfonylureas work by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. Thiazolidinediones work by reducing insulin resistance. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors work by inhibiting intestinal carbohydrate absorption. Biguanides like metformin work by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis. The document provides true/false and multiple choice questions to test knowledge of these topics.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4K views4 pages

    DM Exam

    Uploaded by

    yayooo2004
    The document discusses pancreatic hormones and antidiabetic drugs. It covers insulin, glucagon, and other hormones secreted by the pancreas. It then discusses various oral antidiabetic drugs like sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and biguanides. Sulfonylureas work by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. Thiazolidinediones work by reducing insulin resistance. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors work by inhibiting intestinal carbohydrate absorption. Biguanides like metformin work by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis. The document provides true/false and multiple choice questions to test knowledge of these topics.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The key takeaways are about pancreatic hormones like insulin and glucagon, and different types of antidiabetic drugs like sulfonylureas, biguanides, and their mechanisms of action.

    The different types of pancreatic hormones discussed are insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. Insulin is produced in the beta cells and lowers blood sugar levels while glucagon is produced in the alpha cells and raises blood sugar levels.

    Sulfonylureas work by stimulating the beta cells to produce more insulin while biguanides like metformin work by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis and increasing glucose uptake in tissues. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors reduce carbohydrate absorption from the gut.

    Pancreatic Hormones & Antidiabetic Drugs

    001 .Secretory products of pancreatic β-cells are:


    a )Glucagon, proglucagon
    b )Insulin, C-peptide, proinsulin, islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP)
    c )Somatostatin
    d )Pancreatic polypeptide (PP)

    002 .Insulin is:


    a )A glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 6000
    b )A small protein with a molecular weight of 5808 having disulphide linkage
    c )A fructoolygosaccharide
    d )A catecholamine

    003 .Insulin is a polypeptide hence:


    a )It is resistant to destruction by gastric juice
    b )It is destroyed by gastric juice
    c )It is not a polypeptide
    d )It is metabolized immediately by cellular enzymes

    004 .Bovine insulin is less antigenic than porcine .This consideration is:
    a )True
    b )False

    005 .Insulin causes reduction in blood sugar level by the following mechanisms, EXCEPT:
    a )Increased glucose uptake in the peripheral tissue
    b )Reduction of breakdown of glycogen
    c )Diminished gluconeogenesis
    d )Decreased glucose absorption from the gut

    006 .Which of the following is true for glucagon?


    a )Stimulates gluconeogenesis in the liver
    b )Stimulates the secretion of insulin by beta cells
    c) Inhibits glucose utilization by skeletal muscle
    d )Inhibits uptake of aminoacids by cells.

    007 .Insulin cannot be administered by:


    a )Oral route
    b )Intravenous route
    c )Subcutaneous route
    d )Intramuscular route.

    008 .Sources of human insulin production are:


    a )Recombinant DNA techniques by inserting the proinsulin gene into E .coli or yeast
    b )Postmortem insulin extraction from human autopsy pancreas
    c )All of the above
    d )None of the above

    009 .The primary reason for a physician to prescribe human insulin is that:
    a )It has a faster onset of action than other insulins
    b )It has a shorter duration of action than other insulins
    c )It can be given to patients who have an allergy to animal insulins
    d )It is more effective in preventing the complications of diabetes than animal insulins

    010 .Correct statements about crystalline zinc (regular )insulin include all of the following, EXCEPT:
    a )It can serve as replacement therapy for juvenile-onset diabetes
    b )It can be administered intravenously
    c )It is a short-acting insulin
    d )It can be administered orally

    011 .Diabetic coma is treated by the administration of:


    a )Lente insulin
    b )Glucose
    c )Crystalline insulin
    d )Oral anti-diabetic drugs.

    012 .Sulphonylureas act by:


    a )Reducing the absorption of carbohydrate from the gut
    b )Increasing the uptake of glucose in peripheral tissues
    c )Reducing the hepatic gluconeogenesis
    d )Stimulating the beta islet cells of pancreas to produce insulin

    013 .Sulphonylureas are effective in totally insulin deficient patients .This consideration is:
    a )True
    b )False

    014 .Currently used second-generation sulfonylureas include the following, EXCEPT:


    a )Glyburide (Glibenclamide)
    b )Glipizide (Glydiazinamide)
    c )Glimepiride (Amaril)
    d )Tolbutamide (Orinase)

    015 .Currently used oral hypoglycemic thiazolidinediones include the following, EXCEPT
    a )Pioglitazone (Actos)
    b )Rosiglitazone (Avandia)
    c )Troglitazone (Rezulin)
    d )All of the above

    016 .Thiazolidinediones act by:


    a )Diminishing insulin resistance by increasing glucose uptake and metabolism in muscle and adipose
    tissues
    b )Reducing the absorption of carbohydrate from the gut
    c )Stimulating the beta islet cells of pancreas to produce insulin
    d )All of the above

    017 .Currently used alpha-glucosidase inhibitors include the following, EXCEPT:


    a )Pioglitazone (Actos)
    b )Acarbose (Precose)
    c )Miglitol (Glyset)
    d )All of the above

    018 .Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors act by:


    a )Diminishing insulin resistance by increasing glucose uptake and metabolism in muscle and adipose
    tissues
    b )Competitive inhibiting of intestinal alpha-ghucosidases and modulating the postprandial digestion
    and
    absorption of starch and disaccharides
    c )Reducing the absorption of carbohydrate from the gut
    d )Stimulating the beta islet cells of pancreas to produce insulin
    019 .Potency of action of
    a )Miglitol is six times higher than that of acarbose
    b )Acarbose is more than that of miglitol
    c )Miglitol and acarbose is equal
    d )Oral hypoglycemic agents depend on the severity of hyperglycemia

    020 .Which of the following oral hypoglycaemic drugs stimulates both synthesis and release of insulin
    from beta islet cells:
    a )Glibenclamide
    b )Phenformin
    c )Buformine
    d )Metformin

    021 .Currently used oral hypoglycemic biguanides include the following, EXCEPT:
    a )Repaglinide (Prandin)
    b )Metformin
    c )Phenformine
    d )Glipizide

    022 .The action of insulin is potentiated by:


    a )Sulphonylureas
    b )Glucagon
    c )Biguanides
    d )None of the above

    023 .Duration of action of:


    a )Tolbutamide is more than that of chlorpropamide
    b )Chlorpropamide is more than that of tolbutamide
    c )Tolbutamide and chlorpropamide is equal
    d )Oral hypoglycemic agents depend on the severity of hyperglycemia

    024 .Side effects of sulphonylureas are less than those of biguanides .This considerations is:
    a )True
    b )False

    025 .Biguanides are used in the following conditions, EXCEPT:


    a )As a supplement to sulphonylurea, where it is insufficient to give good results
    b )In over weight diabetics
    c )To reduce insulin requirements
    d )In case of hyperglycemic shock

    026 .Which of the following agents is/are important hormonal antagonists of insulin in the body?
    a )Glucagon
    b )Adrenal steroids
    c )Adrenaline
    d )All of the above

    027 .Glucagon is:


    a )A glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 6000
    b )A peptide – identical in all mammals – consisting of a single chain of 29 amino acids
    c )A a fructoolygosaccharide
    d )A small protein with a molecular weight of 5808 having disulphide linkage

    028 .Which of the following statements is FALSE?


    a )Glucagon is synthesized in the A cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans.
    b )Glucagon is a peptide – identical in all mammals – consisting of a single chain of 29 amino acids
    c )Glucagon is extensively degraded in the liver and kidney as well as in plasma, and at its tissue
    receptor sites.
    d )Half-life of glucagon is between 6 and 8 hours, which is similar to that of insulin

    029 .Glucagon can be used in the following situations, EXCEPT:


    a )Severe hypoglycemia
    b )Severe hyperglycemia
    c )Endocrine diagnosis
    d )Beta-blocker poisoning

    030 .Main complications of insulin therapy include the following:


    a )Hypoglycemia
    b )Insulin allergy
    c )Lipodystrophy at an injection site
    d )All of the above

    Dr.Yayooo
    First FPGEE Online Lecturer
    yasserallaa@yahoo.com
    org.myfreeforum.dryayooo.www

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