GPSA Engineering Data Book 14th Edition

REVISION DATE REASON(S) FOR REVISION

Figure 18-1
Nomenclature
A = ampere NO = normally open
AC = alternating current ppmw = part per million by weight
BD = blowdown, gpm psia = pounds per square inch absolute
DC = direct current psig = pounds per square inch gauge
eff = efficiency, percent pHS = calculated pH at saturation with calcium carbonate
F = filtering rate, gpm (see Fig. 18-24)
hp = horsepower PF = power factor, decimal
I = current, amperes R = resistance, ohms
kV = kilovolt SSF = final suspended solids content, ppmw
kW = kilowatt SSI = initial suspended solids content, ppmw
kVA = kilovolt-ampere UEL = upper explosive limit
kVAR = reactive kilovolt-amperes, kilovar V = electromotive force, volts
LEL = lower explosive limit W = watt
LHV = lower or net heating value, Btu/SCF ~ = frequency, Hertz
N.C. = normally closed ψ = symbol for phase, usually preceded by a number
 CALCULATION SPREADSHEET FOR GPSA ENGINEERING DATA BOOK, 13 th ED.
EXAMPLE 18-1

GPSA Engineering Data Book 14th Edition

Example 18-5. Water Analysis Calculation. Example 18-5. Water Analysis Calculation.
Given: Given:
Water Analysis Ion ppmw Units MW Equiv. Wt. Water Analysis Ion ppmw Units MW Equiv. Wt.
Calcium (Ca+2) = 100.1 ppmw 40.08 20.04 Calcium (Ca +2) = 100.1 ppmw 40.08 20.04
Magnesium Mg+2) = 20.4 ppmw 24.32 12.16 Magnesium Mg+2) = 40.0 ppmw 24.32 12.16
Sodium (Na +1) = 12.0 ppmw 23.00 23.00 Sodium (Na +1) = 12.0 ppmw 23.00 23.00
Bicarbonate (HCO3-1 ) = 366.0 ppmw 61.02 61.02 Bicarbonate (HCO3 -1) = 366.0 ppmw 61.02 61.02
Sulfate (SO4-2) = 48.1 ppmw 96.06 48.03 Sulfate (SO4-2 ) = 48.1 ppmw 96.06 48.03
Chloride (Cl )
-1
= 7.1 ppmw 35.46 35.46 Chloride (Cl )
-1
= 7.1 ppmw 35.46 35.46
Additional ions can be added to the above list, using Equiv. Wt. = MW divided by ionic valence. Additional ions can be added to the above list, using Equiv. Wt. = MW divided by ionic valence.
Solution Steps Solution Steps
Cations MEQ/liter Units ppmw as CaCO3 Cations MEQ/liter Units ppmw as CaCO3
Ca+2 = 5.00 milliequivalents/liter 250 Ca+2 = 5.00 milliequivalents/liter 250
Mg+2 = 1.68 milliequivalents/liter 84 Mg+2 = 3.29 milliequivalents/liter 165
Na+1 = 0.52 milliequivalents/liter 26 Na+1 = 0.52 milliequivalents/liter 26
Totals = 7.19 milliequivalents/liter 360 Totals = 8.81 milliequivalents/liter 441

Anions Anions
HCO3-1 = 6.00 milliequivalents/liter 300 HCO3-1 = 6.00 milliequivalents/liter 300
SO4 -2 = 1.00 milliequivalents/liter 50 SO4-2 = 1.00 milliequivalents/liter 50
Cl-1 = 0.20 milliequivalents/liter 10 Cl-1 = 0.20 milliequivalents/liter 10
Totals = 7.20 milliequivalents/liter 360 Totals = 7.20 milliequivalents/liter 360

Total hardness (Ca +2 + Mg+2) = 334 Total hardness (Ca+2 + Mg+2) = 415
Total alkalinity (HCO3-1) = 300 Total alkalinity (HCO3-1) = 300

Above example assumes sp.gr. = 1.000 Above example assumes sp.gr. = 1.000

The sample calculations, equations and spreadsheets presented herein were developed using examples published in the Engineering Data Book as published by the Gas Processor Suppliers Association as a service to the gas processing industry. All information and calculation formulae has been compiled and edited in cooperation with Gas Processors Association (GPA).
While every effort has been made to present accurate and reliable technical information and calculation spreadsheets based on the GPSA Engineering Data Book sample calculations, the use of such information is voluntary and the GPA and GPSA do not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, efficacy, or timeliness of such information. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, calculation method, process, or service by trade-name, trademark, and service mark manufacturer or otherwise does not constitute or imply endorsement, recommendation or favoring by the GPA and/or GPSA.
The Calculation Spreadsheets are provided without warranty of any kind including warranties of accuracy or reasonableness of factual or scientific assumptions, studies or conclusions, or merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement of intellectual property.
In no event will the GPA or GPSA and their members be liable for any damages whatsoever (including without limitation, those resulting from lost profits, lost data or business interruption) arising from the use, inability to, reference to or reliance on the information in this Publication, whether based on warranty, contract, tort or any other legal theory and whether or not advised of the possibility of such damages.
These calculation spreadsheets are provided to provide an “Operational level” of accuracy calculation based on rather broad assumptions (including but not limited to: temperatures, pressures, compositions, imperial curves, site conditions etc) and do not replace detailed and accurate Design Engineering taking into account actual process conditions, fluid properties, equipment condition or fowling and actual control set-point dead-band limitations.
 CALCULATION SPREADSHEET FOR GPSA ENGINEERING DATA BOOK, 13 th ED.
EXAMPLE 18-2

GPSA Engineering Data Book 14th Edition

Example 18-6. Calculate Allowable Silica Concentration in Boiler Feedwater to Prevent Deposition. Example 18-6. Calculate Allowable Silica Concentration in Boiler Feedwater to Prevent Deposition.
Given: Given:
Boiler operating pressure = 400 psig Boiler operating pressure = 400 psig
Silica in boiler feedwater = 500.0 ppmw Silica in boiler feedwater = 500.0 ppmw
Silica in steam at 400 psig = 0.07 ppmw
Solubility of silica at 100 psig = 0.01 ppmw

Solution steps Solution steps

Follow the diagonal "Boiler Water Silica 100 ppmw" line to where it intersects with the Saturated Steam curve at 100
psia. Note it is slightly below 0.01 ppmw Silica in Steam (y-axis). Conclusion: 100 ppmw silica in boiler feedwater Follow procedure at left to solve for allowable silica in boiler feedwater.
will not result in silica deposition from steam vapor at 100 psia.

The sample calculations, equations and spreadsheets presented herein were developed using examples published in the Engineering Data Book as published by the Gas Processor Suppliers Association as a service to the gas processing industry. All information and calculation formulae has been compiled and edited in cooperation with Gas Processors Association (GPA).
While every effort has been made to present accurate and reliable technical information and calculation spreadsheets based on the GPSA Engineering Data Book sample calculations, the use of such information is voluntary and the GPA and GPSA do not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, efficacy, or timeliness of such information. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, calculation method, process, or service by trade-name, trademark, and service mark manufacturer or otherwise does not constitute or imply endorsement, recommendation or favoring by the GPA and/or GPSA.
The Calculation Spreadsheets are provided without warranty of any kind including warranties of accuracy or reasonableness of factual or scientific assumptions, studies or conclusions, or merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement of intellectual property.
In no event will the GPA or GPSA and their members be liable for any damages whatsoever (including without limitation, those resulting from lost profits, lost data or business interruption) arising from the use, inability to, reference to or reliance on the information in this Publication, whether based on warranty, contract, tort or any other legal theory and whether or not advised of the possibility of such damages.
These calculation spreadsheets are provided to provide an “Operational level” of accuracy calculation based on rather broad assumptions (including but not limited to: temperatures, pressures, compositions, imperial curves, site conditions etc) and do not replace detailed and accurate Design Engineering taking into account actual process conditions, fluid properties, equipment condition or fowling and actual control set-point dead-band limitations.
 CALCULATION SPREADSHEET FOR GPSA DATA BOOK, 13th EDITION
LIMITS

GPSA Engineering Data Book 14th Edition

LIMITS
Example 18-5 assumes 1.000 specific gravity.
Example 18-6 considers only silica solubility. See Fig 18-14 for other limiting components in bioler feedwater.