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    CEEN3160 F10 Exploration 3pp

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    sam
    The document discusses the purpose and process of subsurface exploration for construction projects. Subsurface exploration is conducted to identify soil layers and determine their physical properties, locate the water table, evaluate load bearing capacity, and obtain other data to inform foundation selection, construction methods, and settlement predictions. The exploration process involves collecting existing structure and subsurface information, field reconnaissance, and a detailed site investigation using techniques like boreholes, sampling, and in situ tests. Test results are recorded on boring logs.

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    CEEN3160 F10 Exploration 3pp

    Uploaded by

    sam
    13 views8 pages
    The document discusses the purpose and process of subsurface exploration for construction projects. Subsurface exploration is conducted to identify soil layers and determine their physical properties, locate the water table, evaluate load bearing capacity, and obtain other data to inform foundation selection, construction methods, and settlement predictions. The exploration process involves collecting existing structure and subsurface information, field reconnaissance, and a detailed site investigation using techniques like boreholes, sampling, and in situ tests. Test results are recorded on boring logs.

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    exploration

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    The document discusses the purpose and process of subsurface exploration for construction projects. Subsurface exploration is conducted to identify soil layers and determine their physical properties, locate the water table, evaluate load bearing capacity, and obtain other data to inform foundation selection, construction methods, and settlement predictions. The exploration process involves collecting existing structure and subsurface information, field reconnaissance, and a detailed site investigation using techniques like boreholes, sampling, and in situ tests. Test results are recorded on boring logs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views8 pages

    CEEN3160 F10 Exploration 3pp

    Uploaded by

    sam
    The document discusses the purpose and process of subsurface exploration for construction projects. Subsurface exploration is conducted to identify soil layers and determine their physical properties, locate the water table, evaluate load bearing capacity, and obtain other data to inform foundation selection, construction methods, and settlement predictions. The exploration process involves collecting existing structure and subsurface information, field reconnaissance, and a detailed site investigation using techniques like boreholes, sampling, and in situ tests. Test results are recorded on boring logs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    Subsurface Exploration

     Identify Type, Depth and Location of


    Underlying Soil Layers

     Determine Physical Characteristics


    of Soil Layers

    Purpose of Subsurface
    Exploration
     Locate Water Table
     Evaluate Load Bearing Capacity
     Predict Lateral Earth Pressures
     Select Type & Depth of Foundation
     Estimate Settlements
     Determine Potential Problems
     Establish Construction Methods

    Exploration Program
     Collect Existing Structure
    Information
     Co
    Collect
    ect Existing
    st g Subsoil
    Subso Information
    o at o
     Reconnaissance of Proposed Site
     Detailed Site Investigation

    CEEN 3160 - Subsurface


    Exploration 1
    Existing Structure
    Information
     Type of Structure and Future Use
     Local Building Codes
     Column Loads
     Load-Bearing Wall Loads
     Span Length for Bridges
     Pier & Abutment Loads

    Existing Subsurface
    Information
     Geologic Survey maps (USGS)
     County Soil Maps (USDA-SCS)
     DOT Soils Manuals
     Soil reports for nearby structures

    Field Reconnaissance
     Visual inspection of site and
    surrounding areas
     Vegetation
    egetat o types
     Site accessibility
     Nature of surface drainage
     Open cuts in nearby areas
     Inspection of nearby structures

    CEEN 3160 - Subsurface


    Exploration 2
    Detailed Site Investigation
     Test borings to collect disturbed
    and/or undisturbed samples for
    visual and laboratory investigation
     Number and depth of borings based
    on project type, depth of stress
    influence

    Types of Borings
     Auger Borings
     Rotary Drilling
     Wash Borings

    Auger Boring

    Flight Augers 60+m

    Hand Augers (<10m)

    CEEN 3160 - Subsurface


    Exploration 3
    Rotary Drilling
     Rapidly rotating drilling bits attached to
    bottom of drill rod
     Water or drilling mud forced down rod to
    bit return
    bit, t flow
    fl carries
    i cuttings
    tti to
    t surface
    f
     Borehole from 50 to 200 mm diameter
     Rotary drilling used in sand, clay and rock

    Wash Borings

    Common Sampling Methods


     Standard Split Spoon
     Standard Penetration Test (SPT)
     Thin Wall Tube
     Piston Sampler

    CEEN 3160 - Subsurface


    Exploration 4
    Split Spoon Sampler

    Thin Wall Tube Sampler

    Piston Sampler

    CEEN 3160 - Subsurface


    Exploration 5
    Sample Disturbance
    Ar(%)=100 x (D2o-D2i) / D2i

    Undisturbed if Ar < 10%

    Standard Split Spoon: Ar = 110%


    Shelby Tube: Ar = 13.8%

    SPT Correlations
     Consistency of Clays
     Relative Density of Sands
     Drained Friction Angle of Granular
    Materials

    SPT relations for Sands

    Ncor Compactness Dr(%) o

    0-4 V Loose 0-15 <28


    4-10 Loose 15-35 28-30
    10-30 Medium 35-65 30-36
    30-50 Dense 65-85 36-41
    >50 V Dense >85 >41
    o = A + 0.15 Dr

    CEEN 3160 - Subsurface


    Exploration 6
    SPT relations for Clays
    Std Pen Consistency qu
    N Of Clay kN/m2 ton/ft2
    02
    0-2 V Soft 0 25
    0-25 0 25
    0-.25
    2-4 Soft ->50 ->.5
    4-8 Medium ->100 ->1
    8-15 Stiff ->200 ->2
    15-30 V Stiff ->400 ->4
    >30 Hard >400 >4

    Other In Situ Tests


     Vane Shear Test
     Cone Penetration Test
     Borehole Pressuremeter (PMT)
     Dilatometer Test

    Rock Coring

    Recovery Ratio

    Rock Quality
    Designation
    RQD=L4/Lt

    CEEN 3160 - Subsurface


    Exploration 7
    RQD vs in-situ Quality
    RQD Rock Quality
    90 - 100 Excellent
    75 - 90 Good
    50 - 75 Fair
    25 - 50 Poor
    0 - 25 Very Poor

    Boring Logs
     Project ID
     Thickness, location and description
    of soil
    o so layers
    aye s
     Location of water table
     Sampling depths
     In situ/lab test results
     Driller’s notes

    CEEN 3160 - Subsurface


    Exploration 8

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