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    Genital Tract Syndromes

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    alaamorsy
    This document summarizes genital tract syndromes caused by viruses. It discusses how HSV-1 and HSV-2 can cause a range of symptoms from none to painful blisters and ulcers on genital areas. Genital HSV infections are acquired through sexual contact and increase with age and sexual activity. HPV can cause genital warts or precancerous lesions and cancers of the cervix, vagina, anus and penis. Each year in the US, around 360,000 people develop genital warts while worldwide HPV causes 500,000 cervical cancer cases and 10 million precancerous lesions. The document also briefly discusses viral causes of urinary tract syndromes like hemorrhagic cystitis.

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    Genital Tract Syndromes

    Uploaded by

    alaamorsy
    14 views2 pages
    This document summarizes genital tract syndromes caused by viruses. It discusses how HSV-1 and HSV-2 can cause a range of symptoms from none to painful blisters and ulcers on genital areas. Genital HSV infections are acquired through sexual contact and increase with age and sexual activity. HPV can cause genital warts or precancerous lesions and cancers of the cervix, vagina, anus and penis. Each year in the US, around 360,000 people develop genital warts while worldwide HPV causes 500,000 cervical cancer cases and 10 million precancerous lesions. The document also briefly discusses viral causes of urinary tract syndromes like hemorrhagic cystitis.

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    This document summarizes genital tract syndromes caused by viruses. It discusses how HSV-1 and HSV-2 can cause a range of symptoms from none to painful blisters and ulcers on genital areas. Genital HSV infections are acquired through sexual contact and increase with age and sexual activity. HPV can cause genital warts or precancerous lesions and cancers of the cervix, vagina, anus and penis. Each year in the US, around 360,000 people develop genital warts while worldwide HPV causes 500,000 cervical cancer cases and 10 million precancerous lesions. The document also briefly discusses viral causes of urinary tract syndromes like hemorrhagic cystitis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views2 pages

    Genital Tract Syndromes

    Uploaded by

    alaamorsy
    This document summarizes genital tract syndromes caused by viruses. It discusses how HSV-1 and HSV-2 can cause a range of symptoms from none to painful blisters and ulcers on genital areas. Genital HSV infections are acquired through sexual contact and increase with age and sexual activity. HPV can cause genital warts or precancerous lesions and cancers of the cervix, vagina, anus and penis. Each year in the US, around 360,000 people develop genital warts while worldwide HPV causes 500,000 cervical cancer cases and 10 million precancerous lesions. The document also briefly discusses viral causes of urinary tract syndromes like hemorrhagic cystitis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Genital Tract Syndromes

    Two families of viruses, HSV-1 and HSV-2, and several


    subtypes of HPV are common causes of conditions of the
    genital tract. Both HSV types can produce a spectrum of features ranging
    from no or minimal symptoms to an episode
    of fever; headache; myalgia; regional adenopathy; painful,
    tender blisters and ulceration on the epithelial surfaces of
    the genital organs and adjacent areas, including the anus and
    rectum; and dysuria. Small proportions of infected persons
    develop complications such as aseptic meningitis and proctitis (in men).

    Symptoms are more frequent and prominent


    with primary than with recurrent infection. Genital HSV
    infections are acquired through sexual contact, beginning
    with sexual debut and increasing through the earlier years
    of highest sexual activity in most areas of the world, where
    they are often the leading cause of genital ulcer disease. In
    recent years type 1 has matched or surpassed type 2 as a
    frequent cause of primary genital infection, particularly in
    younger persons. Infection with one of the two HSV types is
    extremely common; tens of millions of people in the United
    States have genital HSV infection .Estimates from CDC
    indicated that in 2008, approximately 776,000 new HSV-2
    infections occurred, with half being in persons under 25
    years of age .

    The two major manifestations of HPV infection are genital warts and
    squamous cell neoplasia. HPV types 6 and 11
    and less frequently other types are responsible for genital
    warts (condyloma acuminata) on epithelial surfaces in the
    genital and anal area. The annual incidence of new cases of
    genital warts in the United States is about 360,000 persons.
    Within the past decade, the cumulative incidence of
    genital warts in Scandinavian women up to age 45 years was
    about 10 % .

    Among the unvaccinated group of women followed in a multinational


    trial of quadrivalent vaccine approximately 1 % of the women developed
    warts each year

    HPV types 16 and 18 and less frequently other types


    cause a spectrum of cervical and vaginal cytological abnormalities that
    are largely benign but in diminishing proportions may progress to higher-
    grade neoplasia and culminate
    in invasive cervical carcinoma in a minority of women carrying those
    specific types. Annually worldwide, HPV causes
    about 500,000 cases of cervical cancer and ten million additional cases of
    premalignant neoplasia [87]. About 80 % of
    the cases and deaths occur in the developing world. The invasive cancer
    has a 50 % case fatality ratio. Analogous pathologic processes lead to
    anal and penile carcinoma, largely in
    men who have sex with men. The incidence rates of these
    cancers appear to be considerably lower than rates of cervical cancer in
    the same population [88].

    Urinary Tract Syndromes

    Acute hemorrhagic cystitis is the most prominent abnormality of the


    urinary tract caused by viruses. When the bladder inflammation is caused
    by the principal etiologic agents
    in children (adenoviruses, particularly serotypes 11 and 21
    of subgroup B), hematuria may be recognized along with
    pain or burning, but the condition is often less symptomatic.

    Another possible viral etiology of a urinary tract syndrome


    (manifested as renal tubular damage) is BK virus, which,
    like other polyomavirus-related infections, tends to be pathogenic
    primarily in immunosuppressed patients.

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