Animal Husbandry

Commercial Goatery

1. Why do goat rearing?

Goat is a multi functional animal and plays a significant role in the

economy and nutrition of landless, small and marginal farmers in the
country. Goat rearing is an enterprise which has been practiced by a
large section of population in rural areas. Goats can efficiently survive
on available shrubs and trees in adverse harsh environment in low
fertility lands where no other crop can be grown. In pastoral and
agricultural subsistence societies in India, goats are kept as a source of
additional income and as an insurance against disaster. Goats are also
used in ceremonial feastings and for the payment of social dues. In
addition to this, goat has religious and ritualistic importance in many
societies. The advantages of goat rearing are :

i) The initial investment needed for Goat farming is low.

ii) Due to small body size and docile nature, housing requirements and
managemental problems with goats are less.

iii) Goats are friendly animals and enjoy being with the people.

iv) Goats are prolific breeders and achieve sexual maturity at the age
of 10-12 months gestation period in goats is short and at the age of
16-17 months it starts giving milk. Twinning is very common and
triplets and quadruplets are rare.

v) In drought prone areas risk of goat farming is very much less as

compared to other livestock species.
vi) Unlike large animals in commercial farm conditions both male and
female goats have equal value.

vii) Goats are ideal for mixed species grazing. The animal can thrive
well on wide variety of thorny bushes, weeds, crop residues,
agricultural by-products unsuitable for human consumption.

viii)Under proper management, goats can improve and maintain

grazing land and reduce bush encroachment (biological control)
without causing harm to the environment.

ix) No religious taboo against goat slaughter and meat consumption

prevalent in the country.

x) Slaughter and dressing operation and meat disposal can be carried

without much environmental problems.

xi) The goat meat is more lean (low cholesterol) and relatively good for
people who prefer low energy diet especially in summer and
sometimes goat meat (chevon) is preferred over mutton because of its
"chewability"

xii)Goat milk is easy to digest than cow milk because of small fat
globules and is naturally homogenised. Goat milk is said to play a role
in improving appetite and digestive efficiency. Goat milk is non allergic
as compared to cow milk and it has anti-fungal and anti bacterial
properties and can be used for treating urogenital diseases of fungal
origin.

xiii) Goats are 2.5 times more economical than sheep on free range
grazing under semi arid conditions.

xiv)Goat creates employment to the rural poor besides effectively

utilising unpaid family labour. There is ample scope for establishing
cottage industries based on goat meat and milk products and value
addition to skin and fibre.

xv)Goat is termed as walking refrigerator for the storage of milk and

can be milked number of times in a day.

2 Scope for goat rearing and its national importance

2.1 The country has 115.278 million goat as per 1992 livestock census
has increased to 120.8 million in 1997 and ranks first in the world. The
state wise goat population is given in Annexure-I. Goat meat
production stands at the level of 0.47 million tonnes. The slaughter
rate of goat is at the level of 39.7 % as compared to 31.8% for sheep
and 11% for buffaloes respectively. Goat also produce 2.55 million
tonnes of milk and 0.1288 million tonnes of skin as per FAO 189
records 2002 report (Annexure-II).The trend in consumption of mutton
and goat meat shows increase from 467000MT in 1981 to 696000
MTin 2002indicating annual compound growth rate of 1.28 % during
92-02.Sheep and goat meat production has reached 700400MT during
2002in India. Ovine meat export has touched 29670 thousand $ during
2000 which was then reduced to 5635thousand $ during 2001.

2.2 Goat make a valuable contribution to the livelihood of

economically weaker sections of the society. Amongst the livestock
owners goat rearers are the poorest of the lot.

2.3 Realising the importance of goat in the agrarian economy of the

country, various developmental activities have been taken up by
Govt.of India. The Central Government had established Central
Institute for Research on Goats at Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura
District,UttarPradesh. During VIII Plan Period Seven Intensive goat
breeding farms were proposed with the objectives:

i) To produce 1000 stud bucks per year for the distribution among goat
rearers
ii)To improve yield of milk and chevon through selective breeding of
regular breeds like Jamnapari, Beetal, Barbari, Jakhrana, Jhalawadi.

iii)Cross breeding of non Pashmina goats with Angora goats to produce

Mohair in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.

iv) To conserve germ plasm of regular breeds like Jamnapari, Beetal,

Barbari, Black Bengal, Malbari, Sirohi etc.

3. Financial assistance available from banks/NABARD for Goat

rearing

3.1 NABARD is an apex institution for all matters relating to policy,

planning and operation in the field of agricultural credit. It serves as
refinancing agency for the institutions providing investment and
production credit for agriculture and rural development. It promotes
development through a well organised Technical Services Department
at the head office and Technical Cells at each of the Regional Offices.

3.2 Loan from banks with refinance facility from NABARD is available
for starting Goat farming. For obtaining bank loan, the farmers should
apply to the nearest branch of a Commercial or Co-operative or
Regional Rural Bank in their area in the prescribed application form
which is available in the branches of financing bank. The Technical
Officer attached to or the Manager of the bank can also help/give
guidance to the farmers in preparing the project report to obtain bank
loan.

3.3 For goat rearing schemes with very large outlays, detailed reports
will have to be prepared. The items of finance would include costs of
assets like Development of land, construction of sheds, purchase of
equipments, purchase of breeding stock, rearing cost of animals till it
generates income etc. The cost of land is not considered for loan.
However, if land is purchased for setting up a goat farm its cost can be
treated as party's margin as per the norms.

4. Schme formulation

4.1 A scheme can be prepared by a beneficiary after consulting local

technical persons of State animal husbandry department, Commercial
farmers etc. If possible the beneficiaries should also visit progressive
goat rearers and government/ military/ agricultural university farms in
the vicinity and discuss the profitability of goat rearing. A good
practical training and experience in goat rearing will be highly
desirable. Nearness of the Goat farm to a veterinary aid centre and
breeding centre should be ensured.

4.2 The scheme should include information about land, livestock

markets, availability of water, feed, fodders, veterinary aid, breeding
facilities, marketing aspects, training facilities, experience of the
farmer and the type of assistance available from State Government.

4.3 The scheme should also include information on number and types
of animals to be purchased, their breeds, production performance,
cost and other relevant input and output costs with their description.
Based on this, the total cost of the project, margin money to be
provided by the beneficiary, requirement of the bank loan, estimated
annual expenditure, income, profit and loss statement, repayment
period etc, can be worked out and included in the scheme.

5. Requirements of a Good Project

A format developed for formulation of Goat rearing schemes is

appended as Annexure-III. The scheme so formulated should be
submitted to the nearest branch of bank. The bank's officers can assist
in preparation of the scheme or filling in the prescribed application
form. The bank will then examine the scheme for its technical
feasibility and economic viability.
A) Technical Feasibility - This would briefly include

i) Nearness of the selected area to veterinary dispensary, goat

breeding centre, marketing outlets for fattened kids/meat and the
financing bank's branch.

ii) Availability of good quality animals in nearby livestock markets. The

distribution of goat breeds in India are given in Annexure-IV and Fig. 1.
Production parameters of breeds are given in Annexure V and VI.

iii) Availability of training facilities.

iv) Availability of good grazing ground/lands.

v) Availability of Green/dry fodder, concentrate feed, medicines etc.

vi)Availability of veterinary aid/breeding centers and marketing

facilities near the same area.

B) Economic Viability - This would briefly include :

i) Unit cost of animals

ii) Input cost for feeds and fodders, veterinary aid, insurance charges,
etc.

iii) Output costs i.e. sale price of live animals, manure/penning

charges, etc.

iv) The average unit cost (indicative only) of goat rearing units is
assumed for calculating project cost.

v) Income-expenditure statement and annual gross surplus.

vi)Cash flow analysis.

vii)Repayment schedule (i.e. repayment of principal loan amount and

interest).

Other documents such as loan application forms, security aspects,

margin money requirements etc. are also examined. A field visit to the
scheme area is undertaken for conducting a techno-economic
feasibility study for appraisal of the same. The model economics of
goat rearing unit of 50+2 under semi intensive system is given in
Annexure VIIa to VIIf.

6. Sanction of Bank Loan and its Disbursement

After ensuring technical feasibility and financial viability, the scheme is

sanctioned by the Bank. The loan is disbursed in stages against
creation of specific assets, purchase of equipments and animals. The
end use of the loan is verified and constant follow-up is done by the
bank.

7.0 Lending Terms - General

7.1 Unit cost:

Each Regional Office of NABARD has constituted a State Level Unit

Cost Committee under the chairmanship of RO-in-charge and with the
members from developmental agencies, commercial banks and co-
operative banks to review the unit cost of various investments once in
six months. The same is circulated among the banks for their guidance.

7.2 Margin Money:

NABARD has defined farmers into three different categories and

where subsidy is not available the minimum down payment as shown
below is collected from the beneficiaries.

Sr. No. Category of Farmer Beneficiary's contribution

a) Small farmer 5%
 b) Medium farmers 10%
c) Large farmers 15%

7.3 Interest Rate for ultimate borrowers :

Banks are free to decide the rate of interest within the overall RBI
guidelines.However, for working out the financing viability and
bankability of the model project we have assumed the rate of interest
as 12% p.a.

7.4 Security:

Security will be as per NABARD/RBI guidelines issued from time to

time.

7.5 Repayment Period of Loan:

Repayment period depends upon the gross surplus in the scheme. The
loans will be repaid in suitable half yearly/annual instalments usually
within a period of about 5-6 years with a grace period of one year.

7.6 Insurance:

The animals may be insured annually or on long term master policy,

where ever it is applicable. The present rate of insurance premium for
non IRDP schemes is 4% per annum.

8.Package of Common Management Practices Recommended for

Goat rearing

Modern and well established scientific principles, practices and skills

should be used to obtain maximum economic benefits from goat
rearing. Some of the recommended practices are given here under :
I. Housing management:

1) Construct shed on dry and properly raised ground.

2) Avoid water-logging, marshy areas.

3) In low lying and heavy rainfall areas the floors should be preferably
elevated.

4) In temperate Himalayan region the floor may be made of wood.

5) The shed should be 10 ft. high and should have good ventilation.

6) Bucks should be housed in individual pens.

7) Does can be housed in groups upto 60 per pen.

8) Provide proper shade and cool drinking water in summer.

9) Dispose of dung and urine properly.

10) Give adequate space for the animals. The housing space required
for

11) goats of various age groups is given in Annexure VIII.

12) Avoid over stocking or crowding

II. Selection of breeding stock and it's management:

1. Immediately after release of the loan purchase the stock from a

reliable breeders or from nearest livestock market.

2. Animals in good health and having good physical features must be

purchased in consultation with Veterinarian/ Bank's technical officer.

3.Purchase animals which are ready to breed and in prime stage of

production.

4.Identify the newly purchased animals by suitable identification mark.

5. Vaccinate the newly purchased animals against the diseases

6.Keep the newly purchased animals under observation for about 15

days and then mix with the general flock.

7.Unproductive animals should be culled promptly and should be

replaced by the newly purchased animals or farm born one

8. Animals are to be bred at the interval of 8-9 months for maximum

productivity.

9. Cull the old animals at the age of 6 years and above.

10. Avoid the kidding during peak periods of summer and winter.

III. Feeding management:

1.Ensure Bushes/shrubs for browising of animals

2.As an alternative to above, supply of cultivated fodder from own

farm or from surrounding farms may be ensured.

3.Offer roughages adlib.

4.As a thumb rule 2/3rds of the energy requirements should be met

through roughages. Half of the roughages should be leguminous green
fodders and rest half should be grasses/tender tree leaves.

5. In the absence of good quality green fodders, concentrates must be

considered to replace them.

6. Kids should be fed colostrum upto 5 days of age. Later on they can
be put on Kid starter rations.

7.Green leguminous fodders should be offered adlib. to kids from 15

days onwards.

8.Provide salt and water to kids at all times

9. Additional concentrates should be given to bucks and does during

breeding season.

10.Care should be taken to meet the nutrient requirements as

recommended (Annexure-IX).

IV. Protection against diseases:

1.Be on the alert for signs of illness such as reduced feed intake, fever,
abnormal discharge or unusual behaviour.

2.Consult the nearest veterinary aid centre for help if illness is

suspected.

3. Protect the animals against common diseases.

4. In case of outbreak of contagious diseases, immediately segregate

the sickanimals from healthy one and take necessary disease control
measures.

5.Deworm the animals regularly.

6.Examine the faeces of adult animals to detect eggs of internal

parasites and treat the animals with suitable drugs.

7.Provide clean and uncontaminated feed and water for minimising

the health disorders.

8. Strictly follow the recommended vaccine schedule as given in Fig. 2.

V. Breeding care:

1. It should be planned to obtain 3 kiddings in 2 years period by

adopting optimal management conditions.

2. For every 25 does one buck should be provided in one breeding

season.

3. Breed the animals 12 hours after the onset of the first symptoms of
heat for maximum conception.

4. Unbreedable animals must be examined thoroughly as directed by

veterinary doctor for prompt elimination of causes for anoestrum or
cull them if necessary.

VI. Care during pregnancy:

In advanced stage of pregnancy the does must be transferred to either

kidding pens or separately earmarked space for kidding with in the
main shed after thoroughly disinfecting it. After kidding, the does
should be provided with warm bran mash for two days.

VII. Care of kids:

1. Take care of new born kids by providing guard rails.

2. Treat / disinfect the naval cord with tincture of iodine as soon as it

is cut with a sharp knife.

3. Protect the kids from extreme weather conditions, particularly

during the first two months.

4. Dehorn the kids during first two weeks of age

5. Male kids should be castrated for better quality meat production.

6. Vaccinate the kids as per the recommended schedule

7. Wean the kids at the age of 8 weeks

8. Proper selection of kids on the basis of initial body weight and

weaning weight should be initiated by maintaining appropriate
records for replacing the culled adult stock as breeders.

9. Additional feed requirements of lactating does must be ensured for

proper nursing of all the piglets born.

VIII.Marketing:

The marketable products of goat farming includes the fattened kids,

manure, culled animals. Marketing avenues for the above products are
slaughter houses and individual meat consuming customers and
agriculture farms. Therefore availability of either slaughtering facilities
or traders who will purchase live animals should be ensured to convert
the fatteners into wholesome meat and meat products. Further,
demand for manure from nearby agriculture farms must also be
ensured.

Annexure I

STATEWISE GOAT POPULATION IN INDIA (1997)

(inthousands)

Sl No. States/U.T.s Total

1 Andhra Pradesh 5213
2 Arunachal Pradesh 154
3 Assam 2717
4 Bihar 20229
5 Chattisgarh 2154
6 Goa 13
7 Gujarat 4386
8 Haryana 968
9 Himachal Pradesh 1168
10 Jammu & Kashmir 1864
11 Karnataka 4875
12 Kerala 1598
13 Madhya Pradesh 6470
14 Maharashtra 11434
15 Manipur 33
16 Meghalaya 280
17 Mizoram 15
18 Nagaland 161
19 Orissa 5772
20 Punjab 414
21 Rajasthan 16971
22 Sikkim 86
23 Tamil Nadu 6416
24 Tripura 639
25 Uttar Pradesh 11784
26 Uttaranchal 1070
27 West Bengal 15648
Union Territories
28 Andaman & Nicobar Islands 71
 29 Chandigarh 1
30 Dadra & N Haveli 20
31 Daman & Diu 5
32 Delhi 25
33 Lakshadweep 26
34 Pondicherry 41
All INDIA 122721

Annexure II

GOAT MILK, MEAT, SKIN AND MANURE PRODUCTION IN INDIA

Year Milk Production Meat Production Skin Production

(Million MT) (Million MT)
(Million MT)
1998 2.5 0.462 0.126
1999 2.3 0.466 0.127
2000 2.4 0.467 0.128
2001 2.5 0.469 0.1288
2002 2.55 0.470 0.1288

Source : FAO Production year book (2002)

Annexure III

Format for submission of schemes Scheme : Commercial Goat

farming

1. GENERAL
i) Name of the sponsoring bank

ii) Address of the controlling scheme

iii) Nature and objectives of the proposed scheme

iv) Details of proposed investments

Sr.No. Investment No. of units

a)
b)
c)

v) Specification of the scheme area(Name of District & Block/s)

Sr.No. District Block

vi) Names of the financing bank's branches

Sr.No. Name of the branch District

a)
b)
c)

vii) Status of beneficiary/ies: Partnership/ Company/Corporation/Co-

operative Society/Others

viii) In case of area based schemes, coverage of borrowers in weaker

sections
(landless labourers, small, medium & large farmers as per
NABARD's norms, SC/ST, etc.)
ix) Details of borrowers profile (Not applicable to area based schemes)

(a) Capability

(b) Experience

(c) Financial soundness

(d) Technical/Other special Qualifications

(e) Technical/Managerial Staff and adequacy thereof

2. TECHNICAL ASPECTS

a) Animals

v) Proposed Breed

vi) Age of the animal

vii) Arrangements for vaccination, identification and health

certificate

viii) Insurance

ix) Cost of buck/does

b) Production parameters

i) Age at first Kidding

ii) Kidding interval

iii) Kidding percentage

iv) Number of kids produced

v) Mortality of adults/ young ones

vi) Age at which kids are sold

vii) Body weight of animals

c) Flock projection-For big units only (with all assumptions)

d) Housing

i) Type of housing

ii) Floor space - adults/ kids

iii) Cost of construction

iv) Other civil structures (for commercial units)

e) Equipment needed

i) Water troughs

ii) Feeding troughs

iii) Other equipments like chaff cutter etc

f)Comments on technical feasibility

g)Government restrictions, if any

3. FINANCIAL ASPECTS

i) Unit cost

Sr.No. Name of investment Size of unit Unit cost with Whether

component approved by
wise breakup state level unit
 (Rs.) cost
committee

a)
b)
c)
Total

ii) Down payment/margin/ subsidy (Indicate source & extent of

subsidy)

iii) Year - wise physical & financial programme.

Year Investmen No. Unitcost(Rs. Total Bank Refinance

t of ) assistanc
units outlay(Rs. Margi loan e (Rs.)
) n (Rs.)
(Rs.)

Tota
l

iv) Financial viability ( comment on the cash flow projection on a farm

model / unit and enclose the same )

Particulars Item of investment

X Y Z
a) Internal Rate of Return
(IRR)
b) Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR)
c) Net Present Worth (NPW)

v) Financial position of the borrowers (to be furnished in case of

corporate bodies/partnership firms)

a) Profitability ratio

i) GP ratio

ii) NP ratio

b) Debt equity ratio

c) Whether Income tax & other tax obligations are paid upto date

d) Whether audit is upto date (enclose copies of audited

financial statements for the last three years)

vi) Lending Terms

i) Rate of interest

ii) Grace period

iii) Repayment period

iv) Nature of Security

v) Availability of Government guarantee wherever necessary

4. INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES

a) Availability of animals

i) Source

ii) Place of purchase

iii) Distance

iv) Type of arrangements for purchase

v) Availability in required numbers

b) Grazing/fodder land

i) Adequacy

ii) Distance and duration of grazing

iii) Condition of grazing lands

iv) Cost to be paid per animal

v) Green fodder:

Type of fodder grown

Area under fodder crops

Cost of fodder cultivation

(If it is own fodder cultivation)

b) Feeding

i) Type of feeds

ii) Source

iii) Cost/animal/year

c) Breeding / Veterinary services

i) Source

ii) Place

iii) Distance
iv) Type of services available

v) Availability of staff

vi) Cost/animal/year

d) Marketing

i)Source for fattened

kids/culled animals

ii) Place

iii) Distance

iv) Price realised (Rs. per animal or Kg)

- Culls

- Fattened kids

e) Other aspects

i) Source of technical
guidance

ii) Training facilities

- Source

- Periodicity

- Duration

iii) Other Government support

f) Supervision and Monitoring arrangements available with bank

Annexure IV

Goat breeds of India and their description

Region/breed Utility Body Adult Weight Confirmation

size
1 2 3 4 5
1. Temperate
Gaddi Fibre Medium M 27.45+ - Coat colour is
0.41 while but black
and brown
F 24.72+ - combination is
0.51 also seen. Ears
medium and
drooping, nose
convex, under
small and and
round long
white hairs
Changthangi Fibre Small M 20.37+- Predominantly
0.24 F19.75+- white but grey,
0.15 brown or black
also found.
Large horns.
Producing
pashmina as
under coat
Chegu Fibre Small M Coat is usually
21.39+_1.12 white mixed
with greyish
F 20.45 red produ- cing
 +_0.45 pashmina as
under coat
Shingari Meat Small M 25.23 + - Coat colour
0.56 vary from while
to grey with
F 20.35 + - black or tan
0.41 patches
2. North- Western Region
Jamunapari Milk Large M 44.66 + - Predominantly
1.89 white with
brown patches
F 38.03 + - on neck and
0.63 face, long and
pendulous ears,
roman nose,
tuff of hairs on
buttocks, large
and developed
udder
Beetal Milk Large M 59.07 +_ Coat colour is
2.82 black or brown
with white
F 34.97 +_ patches. Face
0.52 convex, long
and flat ears,
udder large and
well set
3.Southern Region
Osmanabadi Milk & Meat Medium M 33.66 + - Coat colour
0.55 variable-black,
white or
F 32.36 + -
 0.55 spotted,
medium long
ears, udder is
small, round
with short teats
Malabari Milk & Meat Medium M 38.96 + - Coat colour
2.32 vary from
complete white
F 31.12 + - to complete
0.90 black, small
twisted horns,
medium sized
ears, udder
small and
round
Sangamneri Meat Medium M 38.37 + - Body colour
2.44 white, black or
brown with
F 28.97 + - spots. Ears are
0.49 medium and
drooping,
udder small
4. Eastern Region
Bengal Meat Small M 32.37 + - Colour is black,
2.74 brown or grey,
short horns
F 18.31 + - both sexes
1.67 have beard,
profile, udder
very small
Ganjam Meat Medium M 44.05+ - Tall, laggy, coat
 0.13 is black, white
or brown or
F 31.87+ - spotted,
0.37 medium sized
ears, straight
long horns,
udder poorly
developed
Assam Hill Meat Small M 25.45+ - Small body with
2.12 short leg, coat
colour vary
F 18.31+ - from black to
1.67 brown and
spotted ears
small and flat
Jakharana Milk Large M 57.80 + - Coat is
3.50 predominantly
black with
F 44.48 + - white spots on
0.52 ears, narrow
forehead,
udder is large
with conical
teats.
5. Western Region
Sirohi Milk & Meat Large M 50.37+ - Compact body,
2.52 coat colour
predominantly
F 22.54+ - brown with
0.17 light or dark
patches, flat
ears, udder
 medium sized
and round
Barbari Milk & Meat Medium M 30.8+ - 1.96 Body compact,
coat colour is
F 22.56+ - white with
0.17 brown patches,
short erect
ears, shining
eyes, udder
well set with
small teats
Kutchi Milk and Meat Medium M 43.50+- Coat is
1.16 predominantly
black, few with
F 39.29+ - brown or white
0.38 spots, long
hairs, long and
drooping ears,
udder well
developed.
Marwari Milk and Meat Medium M 33.18+ - Predominantly
1.77 black coat with
long hairs, few
F 25.85+ - animals with
0.29 white or brown
patches, udder
is round and
small
Mehasana Milk and Meat Medium M 37.14+ - The coat is
1.51 black with
white spots at
F 32.29+ - the hase of the
 0.38 ears. Leaf like &
droop-ing ears,
twisted horns,
developed
udder.
Zalawadi Milk and Meat Medium M 38.84+ - Coat is black
1.46 with long hairs,
long and
F 32.99+ - drooping ears,
0.32 long twisted
horns, large
udder with
conical teats.
Surti Milk Medium M 29.50+ - White in colour,
0.50 medium sized
ears, small
F horns, very well
developed
udder

Source : CIRG, Makhdoom

M - MaleF-Female

Source : CIRG, Makhdoom

Annexure - VI

MILK PRODUCTION PARAMETERS (TRAITS) OF

IMPORTANT GOAT BREEDS

Sr.No. Breed Location yield (Kg) Loctation

 length (days)
1 Jamunapari 201.67+_6.39 194
2 Beetal 173.90+_1.27 182
3 Jakharana 121.80+_8.82 115
4 Sirohi 113.62+_2.43 194
5 Marwari 101.49+_2.43 197
6 Kutchi 124.06+_2.84 195
7 Barbari 95.60+_2.78 152
8 Sangamneri 83.40+_3.43 168
9 Malabari 90.02+_4.10 178
10 Bengal 35.20+_1.56 111

Source :CIRG, Makhdoom

Annexure - VIIa

Economics of Goat Farming - At a glance

1 Unit Size 50 Does + 2 bucks

2 Breed Osmanbadi
3 State Karnataka
4 Unit Cost (Rs.) 148764
5 Bank Loan (Rs.) 126449
6 Margin Money (Rs.) 22315
7 Repayment period (Years) 6 years with one year grace
period
8 Interest rate (%) 12
9 BCR AT 15% DF 1.60:1
10 NPW at 15% DF (Rs.) 142653
 11 IRR (%) < 45%

Annexure - VIIb

ECONOMICS OF GOAT FARMING - INVESTMENT COST

Sr. Items Specifications Physical Unit Cost Total

Units (Rs./Unit) (Rs.)
No.
1 Shed Does-10s.ft/animal 50 35 28,420

Buck-20 s.ft./buck 2

Kids-4s.ft/kid 68

(Thatch roof)
2 Equipment -- 52 10 520
3 Cost of Animals Does 50 1600 80000

Buck 2 2200 4400

4 Insurance Does 50 3200

Buck 2 44 176
5 Veterinary aid 52 20 1,040
6 Fodder Per season for two 2 9,000
cultivation acres & for 3
seasons
7 Supplementary Does-6.75 kg/month 50 5 5063
for 3 months

Buck -7.5 kg/month

 for 3 months 2 1 225

Kids -3.75 kg/month

for one month
64 1 1200
8 Labour wages 1 1250 15000
9 Water, 52 10 520
electricity and
other misc.
expenses
10 Total Cost 148764
11 Margin Money 22315
@15% of total
cost
12 Bank loan @85% Say 126449
of total cost

Annexure - VIIc

ECONOMICS OF GOAT FARMING - TECHNO-ECONOMIC PARAMETERS

No. of Bucks 2
No. of Does 50
A. Production Traits
i Age at Maturity (Months) 10-12
ii Kidding interval (Months) 8
iii Kidding percentage 85
iv Twinning percentage 60
v No. of kiddings per year 1.5
 vi Sex ratio 1:1
vii Mortality(%) Adults 5

Kids 15
viii Saleable age of kids (months) 8-9
ix Culling of does (% per year) from second 20
year onwards

B. Expenditure norms
i Space requirement (st.per head)

Buck 20

Doe 10

Kids 4
ii Cost of construction (Rs.per sft) 35
iii Cost of equipment (Rs.per adult animal) 10
iv a) Cost of green fodder cultivation 1,500
(Rs./acre/season)
2
b) No. of acres
v Concentrate feed :

Adult does (one month before breeding and 6.75 kg per

one month after kidding i.e. per kidding) month

Bucks (two months per breeding season) 7.5 kg per

month
Kids (for 30 days)
3.75 kg per kid
vi Cost of conc. Feed (Rs./kg) 5
 vii Labour (No.) 1

Labour wages (Rs.per month) 1250

viii Insurance (as percentage of the cost of 4
breeding stock)
ix Veterinary aid (Rs./adult/year) 20
x Water, electricity and other misc. expenses 10
(Rs./adult)

C. Income norms :
i Sale price of Bucklings (Rs./kid) 1000
ii Sale price of Doelings (Rs./kid) 900
iii Sale of culled does (Rs./doe) 1200
iv Sale price of culled Buck (Rs./buck) 1500
v Sale value of male/female kids (Rs./kid) 600
vi Income from manure is not assumed as it

is used on the own farm

vii Sale of Gunnyu bags (Rs./bag) 10

(13.3 bags / tonne)

D. Repayment norms:
i Repayment period (years) 6
ii Grace Period (years) 1
iii Interest rate(%) 12

ECONOMICS OF GOAT FARMING - CASH FLOW STATEMENT

Sr. Particulars Years

No
.
I II III IV V VI
I Costs
1 Capital cost * 11134
0
2 Recurring cost
a) Grren fodder 9,000 9,000 9,000 9,000 9,000 9,000
cultivation cost
b) Feed cost
Bucks 225 225 225 225 225 225
Does 5063 5063 5063 5063 5063 5063
Kids 1200 2400 1200 2400 1200 2400
c) Medicines/Vet. 1,040 1,040 1,040 1,040 1,040 1,040
charges
d) Insurance 3376 3376 3376 3376 3376 3376
e) Misc.(water/electrici 520 520 520 520 520 520
ty charges)
f) Labour wages 15000 15000 15000 15000 1500 15000
0
Total recurring 35424 36624 35424 36624 3542 36624
expenses 4
Total costs 14676 36624 35424 36624 3542 35546
4 4
II Benefits
a) Sale of animals
Sale of adult Buck 0 0 3000 0 3000 0
Sale of adult Doe 0 12000 12000 12000 1200 12000
0
 Sale of bucklings** 0 25500 25000 56000 2900 56000
0
Sale of doelings** 0 39900 17000 45000 1700 45000
0
b) Sale of gunny bags 174 208 174 208 174 208
Total income 174 10710 61174 113208 5817 11320
8 4 8
c) Value of Closing 10410
Stock 0
d) Scrap value of shed 11576
and equip.
Total benefits 174 77608 57174 82208 6117 22888
4 4
NET BNEFITS - 42062 21750 46662 2575 19333
14659 0 8
0
NPV cost at 15% 23109
3
NPV benefits at 15% 27279
7
V NPW at 15% 41703
V BCR at 15% DF 1.18:1
VII IRR 25%

* Excludes the capitalised cost for fodder cultivation for one season,
supplementary feed, insurance, veterinary aid, labour wages and Misc.
expenses. .

** Bucklings and doelings cost is assumed as Rs. 1000/ Rs. 950

respectively
Annexure - VIIf

ECONOMICS OF GOAT FARMING - REPAYMENT SCHEDULE

Bank loan : Rs.126449

Interest Rate (%) : 12%

Year Incom Expe Gross Loan Interes Repayment Net

s e nses surplu balanc t surplu
— s e s
Interes Principa
t l
I 174 0 174 126449 15174 0 0 174
II 10710 3662 70484 141622 16995 16994 30622 22868
8 4
III 61174 3542 25750 111000 13320 13320 1000 11430
4
IV 11320 3662 76584 110000 13200 13200 40000 23384
8 4
V 78174 3542 42750 70000 8400 8400 20000 14350
4
VI 35428 3662 31766 50000 6000 6000 50000 26166
6 4 4 4

Expenses during first year are other than capitalised amount

Annexure – VIII

SPACE REQUIREMENT OF GOATS

Sl. Type Space Maximum

No. of 1 Adult 1.00 60
 goats requirement No. of doe
2 Milch 1.68 Individual
Sq.mt.per animals
doe pens
head per pen
3 Buck 3.4 Individual
pens
4 Kids 0.4 75

Annexure - VIII

Nutrient requirements of goats in percentage or

AMOUNT PER KG OF DRY FEED

Sr. Type of Body DCP TDN ME Ca P(%)

No. animals wt.(kg) (%) (%) (%) (%)
1 Growing - finishing kids
a) small 5 12.8 70 2.52 0.23 0.21
breeds
10 10 65 2.34 0.23 0.21
15 7 65 2.34 0.21 0.2
20 6 60 2.16 0.2 0.19
25 5.5 60 2.16 0.2 0.19

b) Large 10 12 70 2.52 0.23 0.21

breeds
15 10 65 2.34 0.21 0.2
20 7 65 2.34 0.2 0.19
25 6 60 2.16 0.2 0.19
30 5.5 60 2.16 0.19 0.18
35 5 55 1.98 0.19 0.18
2 Non lactating pregnant does
a) first 15 25 4.5 50 1.8 0.3 0.23
weeks of
gestation
30 4 50 1.8 0.27 0.21
40 4 50 1.8 0.27 0.21
50 4 50 1.8 0.24 0.19
60 4 50 1.8 0.22 0.17
a) last 6 25 5 55 1.98 0.27 0.21
weeks of
gestation
30 5 55 1.98 0.24 0.2
40 5 55 1.98 0.23 0.17
50 4.5 53 1.91 0.22 0.16
3 Lactating does
a) First half 25 6 65 2.34 0.3 0.22
of lactation
30 6 62 2.23 0.29 0.21
40 5 60 2.16 0.28 0.2
50 5 60 2.16 0.27 0.2
60 4.5 60 2.16 0.27 0.2
a) Second 25 5.5 60 2.16 0.3 0.22
half of
lactation
30 5.5 60 2.16 0.28 0.2
40 5 55 1.98 0.27 0.19
50 4.5 55 1.98 0.25 0.18
 60 4.5 55 1.98 0.24 0.17
4 Bucks - breeding,adult and yearlings
25 6.5 65 2.34 0.21 0.19
30 6 65 2.34 0.2 0.18
40 5 64 2.3 0.2 0.18
50 5 60 2.16 0.18 0.16
60 4.5 55 1.98 0.17 0.15
70 4 50 1.8 0.16 0.13
80 4 50 1.8 0.15 0.14