Title: The Latest Development in Networks and Communications Aspect: La3. S07

TITLE: THE LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN NETWORKS AND
COMMUNICATIONS
ASPECT: LA3. S07
NAME: S.KIRRAN RAAJ
I/C: 990314-10-5207
CLASS: 4 BUMI
TEACHER’S NAME: CIKGU ASH’ARI

1.0 INTRODUCTION
The purpose of a computer communications network is to allow moving information

from one point to another inside the network. The information could be stored on a
device, such as personal computer in the network, it could be generated live outside the
network, such as speech, or could be generated by a process on another piece of
information, such as automatic sales transactions at the end of a business day. The device
does not necessarily have to be a computer; it could be a hard disk, a camera or even a
printer on the network. Due to a large variety of information to be moved, and due to the
fact that each type of information has its own conditions for intelligibility, the computer
network has involved into a highly complex system. Specialized knowledge from many
areas of science and engineering goes into the design of networks. It is practically
impossible for a single area of science or engineering to be entirely responsible for the
design of all the components. Therefore, a study of computer networks branches into
many areas as we go up from fundamentals to the advanced levels.
2.0 MOBILE COMPUTING
2.1 DEFINITION
Using a computing device while in transit. Mobile computing implies wireless transmission,
but wireless transmission does not necessarily imply mobile computing. Fixed wireless
applications use satellites, radio systems and lasers to transmit between permanent objects
such as buildings and tower
M2.2 SPECIFICATION,SERVICES,AND FREQUENCY OF MOBILE

COMPUTING( BASED ON ONE PRODUCT E.G. PDA,3G MOBILE
PHONE)
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● Samsung Apps available
● Music Hub available
● Readers Hub available
● Game Hub available
3.1 VoIP
VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a general term for a family of transmission
technologies for delivery of voice communications over IP (internet protocol) networks such
as the Internet or other packet-switched networks. Other terms frequently encountered and
synonymous with VoIP are IP telephony, Internet telephony, voice over broadband (VOBB),
broadband telephony, and broadband phone.
Example of VoIP adapter setup in residential network

3.2 BLOG
A blog is a type of website, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of
commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video. Entries are
commonly displayed in reverse-chronological order. Many blogs provide commentary or
news on a particular subject; others function as more personal online diaries. A typical blog
combines text, images, and links to other blogs, Web pages, and other media related to its
topic. The ability for readers to leave comments in an interactive format is an important part
of many blogs. Most blogs are primarily textual, although some focus on art (art log),
photographs (photo blog), sketches (sketch blog), videos (blog), music (MP3 blog), and
audio(podcasting). Micro-blogging is another type of blogging, featuring very short posts.
EXAMPLE OF BLOG
4.0 TYPES OF NETWORK
4.1 PAN
A personal area network (PAN) is a computer network used for communication among
computer devices (including telephones and personal digital assistants) close to one's person
.The devices may or may not belong to the person in question. The reach of a PAN is typical
few meters. PANs can be used for communication among the personal devices themselves
(intrapersonal communication), or for connecting to a higher level network and the Internet.
Personal area networks may be wired with computer buses such as USB and FireWire.
4.2 VPN
A virtual private network (VPN) is a network that uses a public

telecommunication infrastructure, such as the Internet, to provide remote offices
or individual users with secure access to their organization's network. A virtual
private network can be contrasted with an expensive system of owned or leased
lines that can only be used by one organization. The goal of a VPN is to provide
the organization with the same capabilities, but at a much lower cost.
4.3 WLAN
A wireless LAN (WLAN) is a wireless local area network that links two or more computers
or devices using spread-spectrum or OFDM modulation technology based to enable
communication between devices in a limited area. This gives users the mobility to move
around within a broad coverage area and still be connected to the network.
4.4 WIMAX
WIMAX, meaning Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is communications

technology that provides wireless transmission of data using a variety of transmission modes,
from point-to-multipoint links to portable and fully mobile internet access. The technology
provides up to 3 Mbit/s broadband speed without the need for cables. The technology is based
on the IEEE 802.16standard (also called Broadband Wireless Access). The name "WIMAX"
was created by the WIMAX Forum, which was formed in June 2001 to promote conformity
and interoperability of the standard. The forum describes WIMAX as "a standards-based
technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to
cable and DSL"
5.0 CONCLUSION
As a brief conclusion, computer network and communication are expanding rapidly each and
every day making sharing of information million times better than before. Mobile computing
is now getting edgier day by day. New technologies are being implemented, tested and apply
into mobile computing making our generation and the future era of modern technologies to
one step closer. The Internet is also getting better along the lines of the information age.
Meanwhile, types of network available for us are adding up on top of making computer
networks and communications as the new men’s best friend.
REFERENCE
Internet
http://www.springerlink.com/content/k352871185136267/fulltext.pdf?page=12.
http://www.gsmarena.com/nokia_n97-2615.php3.
http:// en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Personal area network 4.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_Internet_Protocol5.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX6.

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TITLE: THE LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN NETWORKS AND

ASPECT: LA3. S07

NAME: S.KIRRAN RAAJ

TEACHER’S NAME: CIKGU ASH’ARI

The purpose of a computer communications network is to allow moving information

M2.2 SPECIFICATION,SERVICES,AND FREQUENCY OF MOBILE

Example of VoIP adapter setup in residential network

A virtual private network (VPN) is a network that uses a public

WIMAX, meaning Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is communications

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