UNIT-1 Linear Wave Shaping Syllabus

UNIT-1
LINEAR WAVE SHAPING
SYLLABUS:
High pass, Low pass RC circuits and their responses for sinusoidal, step voltage, pulse, square
wave and ramp inputs. High pass RC networks as Differentiator, Low pass RC as an Integrator,
Attenuators and their applications in CRO probe. RL and RLC circuit their response for step
input, Ringing circuit.
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 To introduce students about different types of non-sinusoidal signals

 Defining wave shaping
 Introducing high pass and low pass RC circuits
 Explaining different responses of sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal signals to high pass and low pass
RC circuits
LESSON PLAN:
NO.OF CLASSES
UNIT CONTENTS REQUIRED
1 High pass RC circuit, their responses for sinusoidal,
1
step voltage, pulse 1
square wave and ramp inputs 2
Low pass RC circuit, their responses for sinusoidal 1
step voltage, pulse 1
square wave and ramp inputs 2
High pass RC network as Differentiator 1
Low pass RC network as an Integrator 1
Attenuators and their applications in CRO probe 2
RL and RLC circuit their response for step input 1
Ringing circuit 1
TOPICS BEYOND THE SYLLOBUS:
LOW PASS RC circuit and their response for exponential input.
HIGH PASS RC circuit and their response for exponential input.

UNIT II
NON-LINEAR WAVE SHAPING
SYLLOBUS:
Diode clippers, Transistor clippers, Clipping at two independent levels, Emitter coupled clipper,
Diode comparators, Diode differentiator.
Applications of Voltage comparators, Clamping operation, Clamping circuits using Diodes with
different inputs, Clamping circuit theorem, Practical clamping circuits, Effect of Diode
characteristics on clamping voltage.
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVICES:

Diode as a switch, Piecewise Linear Diode Characteristics, Transistor as a switch, Breakdown
voltage consideration of transistors, Saturation parameters of transistors and their variation with
temperature. Design of a transistor switch, Transistor- switching times.
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 Introducing Clippers
 Explain diode and transistor clippers
 Introducing comparators
 Introducing Clampers and their types
 Explaining the importance of clamping circuit theorem.
 Explaining the concept of diodes and transistors and apply them to different applications like
switch.
 Analysis of transistor switching times
 Designing transistor as a switch
LESSON PLAN:
2 NON-LINEAR WAVE SHAPING:

Diode clippers, 2
Transistor clippers 1
Clipping at two independent levels 2
Emitter coupled clipper, Diode differentiator. 1
Applications of Voltage comparators 2
Clamping operation 1
Clamping circuits using Diodes with different inputs, 2
Clamping circuit theorem, Practical clamping circuits 1
Effect of Diode characteristics on clamping voltage. 2
SWITCGING CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVICES
Diode as a switch, Transistor as a switch 1
Piecewise Linear Diode Characteristics 1
Transistor as a switch 2
Breakdown voltage consideration of transistors 1
Saturation parameters of transistors and their variation 1
with temperature
Design of a transistor switch 1
Transistor- switching times. 1
1. Series & parallel noise clippers
2. Compensation for variation of temperature
3. Synchronized clamping
UNIT III
MULTIVIBRATORS
SYLLOBUS:
Analysis and Design of Bistable, Monostable and Astable Multivibrator using Transistors,
Schmitt trigger using transistors
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 Introducing multivibrators
 Explaining different types of multivibrators
 Applicative areas of multivibrators
 Introducing Schmitt trigger
 Explaining the elimination of hysteresis
LESSON PLAN:
3 MULTIVIBRATORS:
Analysis and Design of Bistable Multivibrator 2
Astable Multivibrator using Transistors 1
Monostable Multivibrator using Transistors 1
Schmitt trigger using transistors 1
1. Triggering unsymmetricaliy through a unilateral device (Diode)
2. Triggering symmetrically through a unilateral device (Diode)

UNIT IV
TIME BASE GENERATORS
SYLLOBUS:
General features of Time Base Signal, Methods of Generating a Time Base Waveform, Voltage
sweeps, Bootstrap and Miller circuits, Linear current sweep, and Application in T.V.
synchronization
SYNCHRONISATION AND FREQUENCY DIVISION:
Principles of Synchronization, Synchronization of Astable Multivibrator, Phase Delay and phase
Jitters, Synchronization of sweep circuits with symmetrical signals.
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 Defining time base generators

 Explaining methods of generating time base wave forms
 Explaining boot strap and Miller sweep generator
 Explaining current time base generators
 Defining synchronization on one-one basis and frequency division
 Explaining astable relaxation devices, mono stable relaxation devices.
 Explaining synchronization of sweep circuit
LESSON PLAN:
4 TIME BASE GENERATORS:

General features of Time Base Signal 2
Methods of Generating a Time Base Waveform, 1
Voltage sweeps 1
Bootstrap 1
Miller circuits, 1
Linear current sweep 1
Application in T.V. synchronization 1
SYNCHRONISATION AND FREQUENCY DIVISION:
Principles of Synchronization 1
Synchronization of Astable Multivibrator 2
Phase Delay and phase Jitters 1
Synchronization of sweep circuits with symmetrical signals 2
1. Sweep circuit using UJT

2. Sweep circuit sing transistor switch
3. Pulse synchronization of Relaxation devices.
UNIT V
SAMPLING GATES
SYLLOBUS:
Basic Operating Principles of Sampling Gates, Unidirectional and Bi-directional sampling
gates, Application of Sampling Gates.
BLOCKINGOSCILLATORS:
Mono Stable Blocking Oscillator (Base timing & Emitter timing). Astable blocking
Oscillator (Diode Controlled), Applications of Blocking Oscillators.
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 Defining sampling gates

 Classifying sampling gates
 Explaining different types of sampling gates like unidirectional, bidirectional, four-diode gates
 Explaining applications like chopper and sampling scope .
 Define blocking oscillators
 Types of blocking oscillators
LESSON PLAN:
5 SAMPLING GATES
Basic Operating Principles of Sampling Gates 2
Unidirectional sampling gates 1
Bi-directional sampling gates 1
Application of Sampling Gates. 2
BLOCKING OSCILLATORS:
Mono Stable Blocking Oscillator (Base timing & Emitter 2
timing).
Astable blocking Oscillator (Diode Controlled), 1
Applications of Blocking Oscillators 1
1. Sampling scope
2. Chopper Amplifier
3. Astable blocking Oscillator (RC Controlled)

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UNIT-1

LINEAR WAVE SHAPING

 To introduce students about different types of non-sinusoidal signals

TOPICS BEYOND THE SYLLOBUS:

LOW PASS RC circuit and their response for exponential input.

HIGH PASS RC circuit and their response for exponential input.

NON-LINEAR WAVE SHAPING

SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVICES:

2 NON-LINEAR WAVE SHAPING:

TOPICS BEYOND THE SYLLOBUS:

1. Series & parallel noise clippers

2. Compensation for variation of temperature

TOPICS BEYOND THE SYLLOBUS:

1. Triggering unsymmetricaliy through a unilateral device (Diode)

2. Triggering symmetrically through a unilateral device (Diode)

TIME BASE GENERATORS

 Defining time base generators

4 TIME BASE GENERATORS:

TOPICS BEYOND THE SYLLOBUS:

1. Sweep circuit using UJT

3. Pulse synchronization of Relaxation devices.

 Defining sampling gates

TOPICS BEYOND THE SYLLOBUS:

3. Astable blocking Oscillator (RC Controlled)

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