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    Chapter 1 - Intro To CT

    Uploaded by

    Khairi Azhar
    1. The chapter introduces basic construction techniques, equipment, plants, and methods used in construction projects. It enables students to understand construction methods, techniques, and equipment used at construction sites. 2. The construction process involves planning, designing, approving, tendering, and executing construction works. It requires effective coordination between various parties like owners, consultants, contractors, and regulatory agencies. 3. Modern construction utilizes advanced building technologies like prefabricated building systems, composite materials, and powered equipment to improve productivity, quality, safety, and reduce costs compared to traditional methods.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Chapter 1 - Intro To CT

    Uploaded by

    Khairi Azhar
    65 views38 pages
    1. The chapter introduces basic construction techniques, equipment, plants, and methods used in construction projects. It enables students to understand construction methods, techniques, and equipment used at construction sites. 2. The construction process involves planning, designing, approving, tendering, and executing construction works. It requires effective coordination between various parties like owners, consultants, contractors, and regulatory agencies. 3. Modern construction utilizes advanced building technologies like prefabricated building systems, composite materials, and powered equipment to improve productivity, quality, safety, and reduce costs compared to traditional methods.

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    Chapter 1 - Intro to CT

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    Chapter 1 - Intro to CT

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    1. The chapter introduces basic construction techniques, equipment, plants, and methods used in construction projects. It enables students to understand construction methods, techniques, and equipment used at construction sites. 2. The construction process involves planning, designing, approving, tendering, and executing construction works. It requires effective coordination between various parties like owners, consultants, contractors, and regulatory agencies. 3. Modern construction utilizes advanced building technologies like prefabricated building systems, composite materials, and powered equipment to improve productivity, quality, safety, and reduce costs compared to traditional methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    65 views38 pages

    Chapter 1 - Intro To CT

    Uploaded by

    Khairi Azhar
    1. The chapter introduces basic construction techniques, equipment, plants, and methods used in construction projects. It enables students to understand construction methods, techniques, and equipment used at construction sites. 2. The construction process involves planning, designing, approving, tendering, and executing construction works. It requires effective coordination between various parties like owners, consultants, contractors, and regulatory agencies. 3. Modern construction utilizes advanced building technologies like prefabricated building systems, composite materials, and powered equipment to improve productivity, quality, safety, and reduce costs compared to traditional methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 38

    CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

    KA10802
    CHAPTER 1:
    INTRODUCTION TO CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
    Synopsis
    This chapter covers basic construction
    techniques, equipments, plants and methods
    used in construction.

    This is to enable the students to understand


    the construction methods, techniques and
    plants adopted at the site and the
    considerations made in selecting them.
    Introduction to Construction
    At the end of this lecture, students will be able
    to:
    Identify construction systems, vertical
    construction and horizontal construction.
    Identify the various groups in construction
    industry.
    Construction in Civil Engineering
    Construction is a process that consists of the
    building or assembling of infrastructure.
    Multitasking.
    Normally the job is managed by the project
    manager and supervised by
    Construction manager,
    Design engineer,
    Construction engineer or Project architect.
    CONSTRUCTION IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

    For the successful execution of a project,


    effective planning is essential.
    Those involved with the design and
    execution of the infrastructure must
    consider the following factors:

    Environmental
    Scheduling Budget Site Safety
    Impact

    Preparation of
    Material
    Logistics Social Costs tender
    Availability
    documents
    Types of Construction Projects
    In general, there are three types of
    construction:
    • Building construction
    • Heavy/civil construction
    • Industrial construction

    Each type of construction project


    requires a unique team to plan,
    design, construct, and maintain the
    project.
    The Building Team
    Owner
    Owner is the party that has exclusive rights and
    control over a given property. Owner can be:-

    Malaysian Government
    Private sector
    Corporate sector
    Individual
    Developer
    Malaysian Government
    Federal Government

    State Government

    District office Town council

    Malaysian Citizens
    Agencies in Ministry Of Works
    Consultant
    • A consultant is a professional who provides
    advice in a particular area of expertise.
    • A consultant is usually an expert or a
    professional in a specific field and has a
    wide knowledge of the subject matter.
    • A consultant usually works for a consultancy
    firm or is self-employed, and engages with
    multiple and changing clients.
    • The biggest construction consultant in
    Malaysia is JKR.
    JKR core business
    • Consulting services
    • Project management services
    • Maintenance management services
    JKR sectors
    • Infrastructure
    Airport & Port Unit
    Road and Transport Unit
    Geotechnical/ Slope Unit
    • Building
    General building unit
    Health works unit
    Education unit
    Security unit
    • Specialized Engineering
    Mechanical unit
    Electrical unit
    Contract and QS
    Specialized unit
    Environmental unit
    Architect unit
    Contractor
    • Contractor may refer to:
    Organization or individual that contracts
    with another organization or individual (the
    owner) for the construction of a building,
    road or other facility.

    Contractor can be:


    Main contractor
    Sub contractor
    Licensed contractor
    Un-licensed contractor
    Class of Contractor in Malaysia
    Class Project Cost (RM)

    A More than RM 10,000,000

    B RM 5,000,001 to RM 10,000,000

    C RM 2,000,001 to RM 5,000,000

    D RM 500,001 to RM 2,000,000

    E RM 200,001 to RM 500,000

    F to RM 200,000
    CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
    In general (differs from small to large projects):-

     Recognizing the need for the project


     Determining the technical and financial
    feasibility
     Preparing detail plans, specifications and
    cost estimation
     Obtaining approval from regulatory agencies
    such as zoning regulations, building codes
    and environmental. Needs, idea, conceptual
    design, financial and legal considerations.
     Details design, budgeting and contract
    document.
     Tendering, project offer and construction
    works
    CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
    • Various types of CE Drawings require
    approval from several agencies/departments:

    CE Drawing Agency/ Deparment

    Drainage Drainage and Irrigation


    Department (DID)

    Sewage/ Wastewater Current: Local Municipal


    Council (e.g. DBKK)
    *Near Future: JKR
    Fire Safety Fire Department/ Bomba
    Discipline in Construction Industry
     Technical aspect
     Knowledge of business
     Management

    In-line with technology developments


     Equipments
     Materials
     Construction methods
    1. BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
    a. Conventional or Traditional method
    b. Modern or Industrialized methods
     Interlocking brick
     Timber composite

    LVL OSB Plywood Densified


    board

    Prefabricated I-joists with laminated veneer lumber flanges and


    structural panel webs. (A) a hardboard web
    (B) oriented strandboard and (C) plywood webs.
     Polymer composite in
    the construction of the
    bridge

    Polymer deck
    panel
     Steel/RP plates, rods or bolts are bonded into
    timber with high strength adhesives to
    produce concealed timber connections.

    Bonded-in rod
    2. Equipments & Instruments
     Function, types, capabilities and selection
    Aim of building:
    To produce a structure at reasonable
    cost and sound workmanship within an
    acceptable period.
    In Civil Eng., Plants are defined as
    “Mobile mechanical equipment for
    construction and road-making”
    Plants available in building construction
    are very extensive, ranging from simple
    hand tools to very expensive
    equipment.
    Main reasons for electing use items of
    plant:
    Increase of output
    Reduce overall building costs
    Carry out activities which cannot be
    done manually or to do them more
    economically
    Eliminate heavy manual works
    Maintain a planned rate of
    production
    Small Powered Plant

    ELECTRIC HAND TOOLS


    Typical electric drill
    - Boring holes into timber,
    masonry and metal.

    Air Compressor :
    Provides pneumatic pressure
    Cartridge hammer/ guns
    used for quick fixing
    components

    Concrete vibrator
    - Concrete compaction

    Power float
    - hand-operated machines which
    drives the revolving blades/disc.
    - To produce smooth, level
    surface finish of concrete beds.
    Earth Moving and Excavation Plant

    Bulldozer

    Tractor shovel
    Scraper
    - Excavate and
    transport soil

    Face shovel
    - Excavation works

    Trench-digging machine
    - Excavate trenches
    Construction Industry Group
    Divided into :-
    1.Building (Vertical Construction)
    – Buildings and heavy construction
    Construction Industry Group
    2. Civil Engineering (Horizontal construction)
    – Highways
    – Airports
    – Railroads
    – Bridges
    – Canals
    – Dams
    – Other major public works
    Quiz

    1. What is IBS? Define IBS in your


    own words.
    2. What is sustainability?
    Quiz
    1. What is IBS? Define IBS in your
    own words.
    Industrialized Building System
    (IBS) is the term to represent the
    prefabrication and construction
    industrialization concept in
    Malaysia.
    Shift from typical paradigm of
    prefabricated systems, where IBS
    has been introduced as a
    method with better productivity,
    quality and safety.
    Quiz
    2. What is sustainability?
    Sustainability may be defined as meeting the needs of the
    present generation without compromising the ability of future
    generations to meet their needs.

     By consuming irreplaceable fossil fuels and other non-


    renewable resources,
     Using destructive forestry practices that degrade natural
    ecosystems,
     Allowing topsoil to be eroded by wind and water, and
     Generating substances that pollute water, soil, and air,
     We will make it difficult the future generation to meet their
    needs for communities, buildings, and healthy lives.
    Case Study of Tall Buildings

    Shanghai World
    Jin Mao Tower, Petronas Twin 21st Century Tower,
    Financial Center,
    China Towers, Malaysia China
    China

    Abraj Al-Bait
    (Mecca Royal Hotel Bank of China Tokyo Sky Tree,
    Taipei 101, Taiwan
    Clock Tower), Saudi Tower, HK Japan
    Arabia

    Burj Khalifa Tower, Bahrain World Trade HSB Turning Torso,


    Aspire Tower, Qatar
    UAE Centre Sweden

    CCTV
    Commerzbank
    Headquarters, O-14, UAE Princess Tower,UAE
    Tower, Frankfurt
    Beijing, China
    Group Project
    (Case Study of Tall Buildings)
    For the case study, the following must be outlined in the
    report:
    1. Introduction
    a. Main Use of the Building
    b. Background
    c. Structural Type – Skyscraper/ Tower?
    2. Materials used
    3. Procedure/ Method of Construction
    4. Problems/Challenges encountered and the solution
    5. Conclusion (Conclude the findings, lessons learned and
    learning outcomes)
    Group Project
    (Case Study of Tall Buildings)
    TIP:
    Highlight the modern features of the building e.g. sustainable
    design, designs to sustain non-typical loads, or use of smart
    materials.
    Include video/photos of the construction process.
    An overview of the building plan is considered a bonus.

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