WWW.learnunwired.

com

Selenium WebDriver Interview Questions & Answers

Q 1: What is Selenium?

Ans: Selenium is a suite of software tools to automate web browsers across many platforms
(Different Operation Systems like MS Windows, Linux Macintosh etc.). It was launched in
2004, and it is open source Test Tool suite.

Q 2: What is Selenium 2.0?

Ans: Web testing tools Selenium RC and WebDriver are consolidated in single tool in Selenium
2.0

Selenium 1.0 + WebDriver = Selenium 2.0

Q 3: What is Selenium WebDriver?

Ans: Selenium WebDriver is a tool for writing automated tests of websites. It is an API name
and aims to mimic the behavior of a real user, and as such interacts with the HTML of the
application. Selenium WebDriver is the successor of Selenium Remote Control which has been
officially deprecated.

Q 4: What is cost of WebDriver, is this commercial or open source?

Ans: Selenium is an open source and free of cost.

Q 5: How you specify browser configurations with Selenium 2.0?

Ans: Following driver classes are used for browser configuration

AndroidDriver,

ChromeDriver,

EventFiringWebDriver,

FirefoxDriver,

HtmlUnitDriver,

InternetExplorerDriver,

1
 WWW.learnunwired.com
IPhoneDriver,

IPhoneSimulatorDriver,

RemoteWebDriver

Q 6: How is Selenium 2.0 configuration different than Selenium 1.0?

Ans: In case of Selenium 1.0 you need Selenium jar file pertaining to one library for example in
case of java you need java client driver and also Selenium server jar file. While with Selenium
2.0 you need language binding (i.e. java, C# etc) and Selenium server jar if you are using
Remote Control or Remote WebDriver.

Q 7: Can you show me one code example of setting Selenium 2.0?

Ans: Below is example

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

driver.get("https://www.google.co.in/");

driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#gb_2 > span.gbts")).click();

driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#gb_1 > span.gbts")).click();

driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#gb_8 > span.gbts")).click();

driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#gb_1 > span.gbts")).click();

Q 8: Which web driver implementation is fastest?

Ans: HTMLUnitDriver. Simple reason is HTMLUnitDriver does not execute tests on browser
but plain http request – response which is far quick than launching a browser and executing tests.
But then you may like to execute tests on a real browser than something running behind the
scenes

Q 9: What all different element locators are available with Selenium 2.0?

Ans: Selenium 2.0 uses same set of locators which are used by Selenium 1.0 – id, name, css,
XPath but how Selenium 2.0 accesses them is different. In case of Selenium 1.0 you don’t have
to specify a different method for each locator while in case of Selenium 2.0 there is a different
method available to use a different element locator. Selenium 2.0 uses following method to
access elements with id, name, css and XPath locator –

driver.findElement(By.id("HTMLid"));

2
 WWW.learnunwired.com
driver.findElement(By.name("HTMLname"));

driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("cssLocator"));

driver.findElement(By. className ("CalssName”));

driver.findElement(By. linkText ("LinkeText”));

driver.findElement(By. partialLinkText ("PartialLink”));

driver.findElement(By. tagName ("TanName”));

driver.findElement(By.xpath("XPathLocator));

Q 10: How do I submit a form using Selenium?

Ans: WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.id("ElementID"));

el.submit();

Q 11: How to capture screen shot in Webdriver?

Ans:

File file= ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);

FileUtils.copyFile(file, new File("c:\\name.png"));

Q 12: How do I clear content of a text box in Selenium 2.0?

Ans:

WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.id("ElementID"));

el.clear();

Q 13: How to execute java scripts function?

Ans:

JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;

String title = (String) js.executeScript("pass your java scripts");

Q 14: How to select a drop down value using Selenium2.0?

Ans: I am going to show you how to capture clip of page element using WebDriver.

3
 WWW.learnunwired.com
Below I have written a “CaptureElementClip.java“java webdriver test script of a google
application where I capture google menu clip and save into project.

package com.webdriver.test;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;

import org.openqa.selenium.Point;

import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class CaptureElementClip {

4
 WWW.learnunwired.com
private WebDriver driver;

private String baseUrl;

@BeforeSuite

public void setUp() throws Exception {

driver = new FirefoxDriver();

baseUrl = "http://google.com";

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

@Test

public void testGoogle() throws IOException {

//open application url

driver.get(baseUrl);

//take screen shot

File screen = ((TakesScreenshot) driver)

.getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);

//get webelement object of google menu locator

WebElement googleMenu = driver.findElement(By.id("gbz"));

Point point = googleMenu.getLocation();

5
 WWW.learnunwired.com
//get element dimension

int width = googleMenu.getSize().getWidth();

int height = googleMenu.getSize().getHeight();

BufferedImage img = ImageIO.read(screen);

BufferedImage dest = img.getSubimage(point.getX(), point.getY(), width,

height);

ImageIO.write(dest, "png", screen);

File file = new File("Menu.png");

FileUtils.copyFile(screen, file);

@AfterSuite

public void tearDown() throws Exception {

driver.quit();

Q 15: How to automate radio button in Selenium 2.0?

Ans:

WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.id("Radio button id"));

//to perform check operation

el.click()

6
 WWW.learnunwired.com
//verfiy to radio button is check it return true if selected else false

el.isSelected()

Q 16: How to capture element image using Selenium 2.0?

Ans: click link for answer:

Q 17: How to count total number of rows of a table using Selenium 2.0?

Ans:

List {WebElement} rows = driver.findElements(By.className("//table[@id='tableID']/tr"));

int totalRow = rows.size();

Q 18: How to capture page title using Selenium 2.0?

Ans:

String title = driver.getTitle()

Q 19: How to store page source using Selenium 2.0?

Ans:

String pagesource = driver.getPageSource()

Q 20: How to store current url using selenium 2.0?

Ans:

String currentURL = driver.getCurrentUrl()

Q 21: How to assert text assert text of webpage using selenium 2.0?

Ans:

WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.id("ElementID"));

//get test from element and stored in text variable

String text = el.getText();

//assert text from expected

7
 WWW.learnunwired.com
Assert.assertEquals("Element Text", text);

Q 22: How to get element attribute using Selenium 2.0?

Ans:

WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.id("ElementID"));

//get test from element and stored in text variable

String attributeValue = el. getAttribute("AttributeName") ;

Q 23: How to double click on element using selenium 2.0?

Ans:

WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.id("ElementID"));

Actions builder = new Actions(driver);

builder.doubleClick(el).build().perform();

Q 24: How to perform drag and drop in selenium 2.0?

Ans:

WebElement source = driver.findElement(By.id("Source ElementID"));

WebElement destination = driver.findElement(By.id("Taget ElementID"));

Actions builder = new Actions(driver);

builder.dragAndDrop(source, destination ).perform();

Q 25: How to maximize window using selenium 2.0?

Ans:

driver.manage().window().maximize();

Q 26: How to verify PDF content using selenium 2.0?

Ans: I will explain the procedure to verify PDF file content using java WebDriver. As some time
we need to verify content of web application PDF file, opened in browser.

Use below code in your test scripts to get PDF file content.

8
 WWW.learnunwired.com

//get current urlpdf file url

URL url = new URL(driver.getCurrentUrl());

//create buffer reader object

BufferedInputStream fileToParse = new BufferedInputStream(url.openStream());

PDFParserPDFParser = newPDFParser(fileToParse);

PDFParser.parse();

//savePDF text into strong variable

StringPDFtxt = newPDFTextStripper().getText(pdfParser.getPDDocument());

//closePDFParser object

PDFParser.getPDDocument().close();

After applying above code, you can store allPDF file content into “pdftxt” string variable. Now
you can verify string by giving input. As if you want to verify “Selenium or WebDiver” text. Use
below code.

Assert.assertTrue(pdftxt.contains(“Selenium or WebDiver”))

Q 27: How to verify response 200 code using selenium 2.0?

Ans: I will explain you to verify HTTP response code 200 of web application using java
webdriver. As webdriver does not support direct any function to verify page response code. But
using "WebClient" of HtmlUnit API we can achieve this.

9
 WWW.learnunwired.com
Html unit API is GUI less browser for java developer, using WebClent class we can send request
to application server and verify response header status.

Below code, I used in my webdriver script to verify response 200 of web application

String url = "http://www.google.com/";

WebClient webClient = new WebClient();

HtmlPage htmlPage = webClient.getPage(url);

//verify response

Assert.assertEquals(200,htmlPage.getWebResponse().getStatusCode());

Assert.assertEquals("OK",htmlPage.getWebResponse().getStatusMessage());

If HTTP authentication is required in web application use below code.

String url = "Application Url";

WebClient webClient = new WebClient();

DefaultCredentialsProvider credential = new DefaultCredentialsProvider();

//Set some example credentials

credential.addCredentials("UserName", "Passeord");

webClient.setCredentialsProvider(credential);

10
 WWW.learnunwired.com

HtmlPage htmlPage = webClient.getPage(url);

//verify response

Assert.assertEquals(200,htmlPage.getWebResponse().getStatusCode());

Assert.assertEquals("OK",htmlPage.getWebResponse().getStatusMessage());

Q 28: How to verify image using selenium 2.0?

Ans: I have explained that how to verify images in webdriver using java. As webdriver does not
provide direct any function to image verification, but we can verify images by taking two screen
shots of whole web page using “TakesScreenshot” webdriver function, one at script creation time
and another at execution time,

In below example I have created a sample script in which first I captured a Google home page
screen shot and saved (GoogleInput.jpg) into my project, Another screen shot
“GoogleOutput.jpg” captured of same page at test executing time and saved into project. I
compared both images if they are not same then test will script fail.

Here is sample code for same

package com.test;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import java.awt.image.DataBuffer;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;

11
 WWW.learnunwired.com
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class ImageComparison {

public WebDriver driver;

private String baseUrl;

@BeforeSuite

public void setUp() throws Exception {

driver = new FirefoxDriver();

baseUrl = "https://www.google.co.in/";

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

@AfterSuite

public void tearDown() throws Exception {

driver.quit();

12
 WWW.learnunwired.com

@Test

public void testImageComparison()

throws IOException, InterruptedException

driver.navigate().to(baseUrl);

File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).

getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);

Thread.sleep(3000);

FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot, new File("GoogleOutput.jpg"));

File fileInput = new File("GoogleInput.jpg");

File fileOutPut = new File("GoogleOutput.jpg");

BufferedImage bufileInput = ImageIO.read(fileInput);

DataBuffer dafileInput = bufileInput.getData().getDataBuffer();

int sizefileInput = dafileInput.getSize();

BufferedImage bufileOutPut = ImageIO.read(fileOutPut);

DataBuffer dafileOutPut = bufileOutPut.getData().getDataBuffer();

int sizefileOutPut = dafileOutPut.getSize();

Boolean matchFlag = true;

if(sizefileInput == sizefileOutPut) {

for(int j=0; j<sizefileInput; j++) {

if(dafileInput.getElem(j) != dafileOutPut.getElem(j)) {

13
 WWW.learnunwired.com
matchFlag = false;

break;

else

matchFlag = false;

Assert.assertTrue(matchFlag, "Images are not same");

Q 29: How to handle http authentication in selenium 2.0?

Ans: Road to handle http authentication in webdriver

One of my applications had Http authentication for security purpose and I had need to automate
using webdriver. As we know http authentication is not a part of DOM object so we cannot
handle it using webdriver. Here is approach to handle such type situation.

We need to pass http credential with URL to skip http popup authentication window. Below is
URL format.

http://username:passwork@applicationURL

User above formatted URL in webdriver get method:

14
 WWW.learnunwired.com
driver.get(“http://username:passwork@applicationURL”)

After using above approach, http authentication popup window disappear. But in Internet
explorer, it raise error with message “wrong format url”. To accept same type url in internet
explorer browser we need to add a DWORD value named exploere.exe and iexplore.exe with
value data 0 in below registry.

To open registry, open "regeidt" from run command.

For all users of the program, set the value in the following registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Internet
Explorer\Main\FeatureControl\FEATURE_HTTP_USERNAME_PASSWORD_DISABLE

For the current user of the program only, set the value in the following registry key:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet
Explorer\Main\FeatureControl\FEATURE_HTTP_USERNAME_PASSWORD_DISABLE

If you are using 64 bit machine, set the value in the following registry key.
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\WOW6432Node\Microsoft\Internet
Explorer\Main\FeatureControl\FEATURE_HTTP_USERNAME_PASSWORD_DISABLE

15