S.C. TEHNOMAG CUG S.A.

Brevet nr. 126204/2011

SPUMA DE BAZALT DE TIPUL STRUCTURILOR
CELULARE CU PORI INCHISI SI PROCEDEU DE
REALIZARE.
Autori: Arh. Vasiu Razvan, ing. Coada Dan
Medalii obtinute:
- AUR la Salonul International al Inventiilor, Geneva 2011 si
Premii speciale al Asociatiei Inventatorilor din CROATIA si
OSIM;
- AUR la Salonul Internaţional INVENTIKA 2010, Bucuresti
- ARGINT la Salonul Mondial al Inovarii EUREKA 2010,
Brusseles
- ARGINT la Salonul International de Inventica ARCA 2011,
Zagreb
- ARGINT la Salonul International de Inventica PRO INVENT
2011
- BRONZ la Salonul International INVENTIKA 2011, Bucuresti
Sediu: Cluj Napoca, Bdl. Muncii Nr. 18, Jud. Cluj, Romania

Telefon: 0264 415 244; Fax: 0264 415 299

E-mail: tehnomag@cluj.astral.ro Web: www.tehnomag.eu

Method for manufacturing foaming basalt thermal insulation

material

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of thermal insulation materials, and discloses a method for
manufacturing a foaming basalt thermal insulation material to solve the technical problem that
existing thermal insulation materials are poor in weather resistance and durability and foam glass is
poor in flexibility. The foaming basalt thermal insulation material is prepared through foaming by
taking basalt ore which contains, by weight, 45% to 52% of SiO2 as raw materials and taking titanium
hydride powder as a foaming agent. The method for manufacturing the foaming basalt thermal
insulation material includes the steps of grinding the basalt ore which contains, by weight, 45% to 52%
of SiO2 into powder with the grain size smaller than 800 meshes, conducting heating till the powder is
molten, keeping the temperature for 10min to 15min, conducting cooling at a speed of 25 DEG C/min
to 30 DEG C/min till the temperature reaches 620 DEG C to 680 DEG C, pouring the molten basalt ore
into a die containing the titanium hydride powder, continuing to conduct cooling at a speed of 25 DEG
C/min to 30 DEG C/min till the temperature reaches the room temperature, and obtaining the foaming
basalt thermal insulation material. The inventive produce has good thermal insulation effect, small
density, many characteristics such as weatherability, high durability, high electrical insulation, and
higher sound insulation or the like, as well as reduced brittleness coefficient, and good flexibility.

Description

translated from Chinese

具体实施方式[0009] 具体实施方式一:本实施方式中发泡玄武岩保温材料以含 45%~52%

(质量)SiO2 的玄武岩矿石为原料，以氢化钛粉末为发泡剂，在 620~680°C 条件下发泡
制成的；具体是按下述步骤进行的:将含 45%~52% (质量)SiO2 的玄武岩矿石粉碎至粒
径 800 目以下，然后加热至融化后保温 10~15 分钟，以 25~30°C /min 速度降温至
620~680°C，然后注入装有氢化钛粉末的模具中，，继续以 25~30°C /min 速度降温至室
温，即为发泡玄武岩保温材料。

The method of making a foamed insulation material Basalt

FIELD

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of thermal insulation materials; particularly
relates to a method for manufacturing a foamed insulation materials basalt.

Background technique

[0002] The currently used insulation materials are two major categories: first, an inorganic
insulation material is expanded perlite insulation mortar and the like, the second category is
represented by an organic EPS foam insulation board. Wherein the first type of hydroscopic
inorganic insulation materials, insulation properties after washing serious decline; second
organic foam insulation board Although less absorbent, but easy to aging at high
temperatures, sunlight, etc. environment, long-term insulation properties severely decline. For
some special environment, such as high temperature, high humidity environment, must apply
a high weather resistance, high durability of insulation material. Such insulation material
present in addition no other varieties of foam glass, foam glass, but the material is brittle, poor
flexibility and are difficult to process for the non-planar object such as pipe insulation as well
as certain limitations.

[0003] In summary, the conventional weather resistant insulation materials, poor durability
and poor flexibility of the foam glass disadvantages.

SUMMARY

[0004] The object of the present invention is to overcome the conventional weather resistant
insulation materials, poor durability and poor flexibility of the foam glass disadvantages and
to provide a basalt raw material, titanium hydride as blowing agent, effective insulation, high
weatherability resistance, high durability, plasticity, electrical insulation properties, good
acoustic insulation material manufacturing method.
[0005] The foam insulation material is basalt containing 45% to 52% (by mass) SiO2 basalt
ore as raw material, a foaming agent to the titanium hydride powder, at 620 ~ 680 ° C made of
a foamed condition; fat the method of making foam insulation material basalt is performed by
the following steps: containing 45% to 52% (by mass) SiO2 basalt pulverized to a particle
size of 800 mesh or less, and then heated (thawed at a temperature of 1500 ~ 1600 ° C) after
incubation melt to 10 to 15 minutes, at 25 ~ 30 ° C / min cooling rate to 620 ~ 680 ° C, and
then injected into a mold containing the titanium hydride powder, continue to cool to room
temperature to 25 ~ 30 ° C / min speed , i.e. basalt foam insulation material.

[0006] The titanium hydride powder mass ratio of the basalt rock ore (0.02 to 0.04): 1,
preferably: titanium hydride powder with a mass ratio of basalt rock ore (0.03 to 0.033): 1.

[0007] The titanium hydride powder in the vicinity of 620 ~ 680 ° C decomposition, 10
minutes before the decomposition intense, within 10 to 20 minutes after the decomposition
rate is slow and stable, form a large number of fine closed cell structure, a pore size from the
nano level range to the micron level, a porosity between 70% to 95%, evenly distributed cells,
the product obtained insulation effect, low density; having high weather resistance, high
durability, high electrical insulation and high sound insulation and many other features which
reduce brittleness coefficient, good flexibility. This product can be used as a general
insulating material, it may also be applied in a special environment, such as high temperature,
high humidity environment.

[0008] The method of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, the resulting bulk
density of the foamed dry basalt insulation materials: 180 ~ 240kg / m3, compressive
strength: 0.6 ~ 25.0MPa, flexural strength: 0.55 ~ 1.15MPa, the thermally conductive
coefficient (35 ° C) (0.06W / (mK), sound absorption: 0.09% ~ 0.19%, a porosity: 70% to
95% by volume water absorption: 0.1% to 0.2%, brittleness coefficient <0.01, the highest
temperature : 590 ° C, the minimum temperature: -245 ° C.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0009] DETAILED DESCRIPTION a: the present embodiment

basalt foam insulation material containing 45% to 52% (by mass) SiO2 basalt ore as raw
material, a foaming agent to the titanium hydride powder, in 620 to 680 foam made under
conditions ° C; specific steps are as follows: a mixture containing 45% to 52% (by mass)
SiO2 basalt pulverized to a particle size of 800 mesh or less and then heated to melt the
insulation 10 to 15 minutes to 25 ~ 30 ° C / min cooling rate to 620 ~ 680 ° C, and then
injected into a mold containing the titanium hydride powder,, continue to cool to room
temperature to 25 ~ 30 ° C / min rate, i.e. basalt foam Insulation Materials.

[0010] foam insulation according to the present embodiment is a material having a large
number of basalt fine closed cell structure, a pore size from nanometer to micron ranges,
uniform cell distribution, the main technical indicators in Table 1.

Top 14 materials for 2014

Advanced materials will play a key role in solving tomorrow's technological
challenges and societal issues. Here, Engineering Materials looks at 14 of the most
promising developments to look out for in 2014.

1. GRAPHENE AEROGEL:
This graphene based material is one of the world's lightest materials, with a density actually lower
than helium at 0.16kg/m3. The cited density does not include the weight of the air in its porous
structure however, so don't expect it to float! The material is created by freeze drying a solution of
carbon nanotubes and graphene to essentially create what is classed as an elastic foam. Carbon
nanotubes essentially act as internal structural supports, with graphene surrounding the exterior.
The resulting material is strong, elastic, and extremely light, but also very brittle. Potential
applications include oil spill cleanup operations with the material able to absorb 900 times its own
weight in oil.

2. WILLOW GLASS:
Willow Glass is the successor of Gorilla Glass, the super-tough glass used to make the screens of
many of today's smartphones. Willow Glass can be made incredible thin - roughly the same as a
sheet of paper - and its flexibility allows it to be bent into curved shapes. Producer Corning says it
has the potential to enable displays to be wrapped around a device or structure. It will also help
enable thinner backplanes and allow colour filters of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLED) and
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD) on devices such as smartphones, tablets, and notebooks. Willow
Glass is formulated to perform exceptionally well in electronic components such as touch sensors,
as well as the possibility of leveraging its natural hermetic properties by using it as a seal for OLED
displays and other moisture and oxygen sensitive technologies.

3. FIBRIROCK:
Basalt is an igneous volcanic rock that begins life in a molten state. For many years, it has been
used in casting processes to make tiles and slabs for architectural applications. It is possible,
however, to produce continuous fibres from the rocks which are pure basalt. These naturally fire-
resistant fibres are being investigated as a replacement for asbestos fibres. As the fibres can also
be woven, they have emerged as a contender for glass and carbon fibre replacement in reinforced
composites. Proponents claim basalt offers competitive performance and pricing when compared to
glass fibres and could be combined with carbon fibres for higher temperature applications.

4. QUANTUM TUNNELLING COMPOSITE (QTC):

A classic example of a material marvel looking for an application, Peratech's unique method of
combining the elements yields significantly different electrical properties when compared with any
other electrically conductive material. While in an unstressed state QTC is a near-perfect insulator,
however any form of deformation in the material produces a proportional change in electrical
conduction, with sufficient pressure yielding metallic levels of conductivity. As a result the material
offers a unique alternative solution to many switching and sensing problems. QTC?is made from
conductive filler particles combined typically with silicone rubber that acts as an elastomeric
binder.

5. CARBOTANIUM:
Though it could have easily of turned out as Titbon, this material is a method of combining the
benefits of titanium alloys with carbon fibre composites. When the materials are adhesively bonded
and combined, both parts fail with a similar amount of total strain, as the materials reach their
maximum yield strength. By having a matched yield strength and elastic modulus, each element of
the composite reaches its stress limit at about the same time, giving the combination a superior
specific strength with neither constituent underutilised.

The materials are combined by first abrading the titanium, coating it with platinum, aging, coating
and then applying adhesive to the primer side of the titanium before applying carbon fibre to the
adhesive. This allows the carbon composite to bond securely to the titanium. It gives the best
properties of each component, the combination having a better set of properties than either part.
The Italian car company Pagani used this weave for the Zonda R and Huayra supercars.

6. LONG FIBRE POLYMIDES:

Developments by EMS Grivory are allowing the use of long fibre polyamides in many metal
replacement applications, and in some cases even replacement of carbon fibre composites. These
long fibre materials have a typical granulate length of 10mm and are reinforced with glass or
carbon fibres. The objective is to create a unique 'web-like' fibre structure within an injection-
moulded component. This significantly improves the thermal-mechanical properties compared to
products reinforced with short fibres.

LFPs have high stiffness and exceptional notched impact strength, with little or no change to the
properties under the influence of temperature or moisture. They also have a very low creep
tendency, have excellent strength and low warpage. The material has recently been used to
replace carbon fibre in a knee brace designed for extreme sport protection, proving 30% lighter
than the carbon composite product.

7. COPPER FOAMS:
Foam metals, often referred to as corals, are being increasingly explored for heat transfer
applications. The increasing digitalisation of technology is driving the trend of highly integrated
electronics with higher processing speeds, placing an increasing need on heat management.
VersarienCu, is already being used as a heat sink within the cooling systems of servers,
workstations and power conditioning units and offers up to 10 times more effective cooling than an
existing micro channel heat sink of the same size, and is cost effective to produce.

8. TITANIUM FOAMS:
The production of titanium foam is being explored by the Fraunhofer Institute for applications
where strength and low weight are required. The materials is being assessed for its suitability in
replacing injured bones as it promotes growth of surrounding bones by allowing blood vessels and
bone cells to actually grow unimpeded in to the porous channels of the material itself. Titanium
foams are also flexible, strong, and lightweight.

9. ULTRATHIN PLATINUM:
Platinum is a key enabling technology for the wider deployment of hydrogen fuel cells, by acting as
the catalyst in a chemical reaction that produces electricity. Yet the cost of platinum remains a
significant barrier to entry.

A method of quickly depositing ultrathin (nanometre) layers of platinum could allow less material to
be used and reduce costs significantly. Current methods for applying atom-thin layers of platinum
such as atomic layer deposition are slow and complicated. However, a method being pioneered by
the US National Institute of Standards and Technology shows signs that it might be able to offer
simple and fast ultrathin layers of platinum atoms on a surface.

Essentially, platinum dissolved in a solution is deposited in single-atom-thick layers by alternately

applying positive and negative voltages. Repetition can quickly and easily build layers of any
desired atomic thickness in the order of 0.1nm.

10. ALUMINIUM BUBBLE WRAP:

Metallic bubble wrap might not be quite as easy to pop, but it could be a lot more useful. Engineers
from North Carolina State University use thin sheets of aluminium and form small indents using a
studded roller. Unlike its polyethylene counterpart, these voids are then filled with a foamed
material like calcium carbonate, before being sealed with another flat sheet of metal. The result is
a series of bubbles that is able to absorb massive amounts of energy, weighs 30% less than
regular sheet metal yet are nearly 50 times stronger. The material offers simple low cost
production and could soon be used in everything from automotive body panels to shipping
containers to helmets.
11. FUNGAL FOAM:
Initially conceived as a cost-effective, environmentally friendly and high-performance alternative to
Styrofoam, US based Ecovative Design has produced 'Mushroom Packaging' from agricultural crop
waste, plant stalks and rice as well as wheat husks bonded together using part of a mushroom root
known as the mycelium. The company is currently developing mushroom materials to produce
biodegradable foams as an alternative to petroleum based plastic foams. Although packaging is
likely to be the main area of interest, the company is keen to get its Fungal foam in to the
automotive industry.

12. ZEOFORM:
Australian firm Zeo claim to have developed an ultra strong, eco-friendly building material using
only water and cellulose. Dubbed Zeoform, the material has a similar look, feel and function to
dense hardwood.
Zeo claim the material is as strong as ebony, which has a Young's Modulus approximately between
9.8 and 12.4GPa, and can be sprayed, moulded or formed into various shapes, sizes and colours.
The company also produce specialised substrates for applications requiring woods, plastics or
resins. Its manufacture requires no glues, binders, chemicals or additive of any kind.

13. ECO-FRIENDLY CEMENT:

Researchers in Denmark claim to have made the world's most ubiquitous building material stronger
and more eco-friendly. The team from the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen are adding waste ash
from sugar production to help bind water into the cement. The result is a stronger mix that is less
likely to crumble, and more able to withstand high temperatures. At the same time, the inclusion of
ash has been shown to reduce energy consumption during the production of cement by 20%.
Cement production is a notoriously energy intensive process accounting for an estimated 5% of
total CO2 emissions, globally.

14. NANOSHIELD:
This nano structured protective coating was developed for tunnel boring machines to extend tool
life. It is a relatively inexpensive process that uses a laser to fuse a specially formulated iron-based
amorphous alloy powder onto metal components. The resulting coating is as hard as tungsten
carbide-cobalt composites

but costs around half as much. Developers of the material from the US based Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory claim the coating can extend the life of steel tools in high wear applications by
more than 20%.