International Journal of Trend in Scientific

Research and Development (IJTSRD)

International Open Access Journal
ISSN No: 2456 - 6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume - 2 | Issue – 2

IoT based
ased Classroom Automation using Arduino

Yasodharan R Karthick S
Assistant Proffesor, Department of UG Student, Department of Mechatronics
Mechatronics Engineering, SNS College Engineering, SNS College of
of Technology, Coimbatore
Coimbatore, India Technology, Coimbatore,
Coimbatore India

Prince Roy HariKrishnan V

UG Student, Department of Mechatronics UG Student, Department of Mechatronics
Engineering, SNS College of Engineering, SNS College of
Technology, Coimbatore
Coimbatore, India Technology, Coimbatore,
Coimbatore India

Bennaiah D
UG Student, Department of Mechatronics Engineering,
SNS College of Technology, Coimbatore, India

ABSTRACT
The Internet has become a daily necessity to utmost of Keywords: IoT, Classroom automation, Blynk,
the effective participants in which we interact and Automation, Arduino;
communicate among ourselves by switching data and
information sensed about the environment and I. Introduction
atmosphere. From
om this IoT they relate autonomously
to the real world events and offer us with services This project has four objectives that will be explained
with or without direct human interference. In this in details in the further. The first objective of the
project we use IoT for energy efficient Environmental project is to automatically take attendance from
Conditions recognizing and supervising in our students using their Fingerprint ID and record
Classroom. This gives a vast advantage on the smart attendance. Students Fingerprint is recorded, saved in
Classroom systems using Internet of Things. a database, and if the data is utilized and transmitted
transmitte
to a computer via scanner, the attendance can be
This project will help the teacher present in the recorded with greater efficiency.
classroom to allow them to control the classroom
The second objective is to automatically control the
using android application in the Android smartphone.
fan, lights and projector. The idea is to plant several
The overall system designn is mainly based on Arduino
sensors around the classroom and give a calculated
Mega 2560. The appliances are to be controlled by the
feedback to the response these sensors receive. An
Android Application. The android application is
example would be having PIR sensors around the
developed using Blynk software or Blynk android
class room that would detect the presence of human
application. We can supervise the state of sensors
and turns the fan ON or OFF. For light control, there
connected in the Arduino boardoard and we can control
will be LDR and if the illumination in the classroom
the modules by simply enabling some options in the
and turns the
he light ON/OFF according to the room’s
android application in our smart phone.
lighting changes from high to low.

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Feb 2018 Page: 306
 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
The third objective is to erase the blackboard 1. Manual method
automatically. The idea is to reduce the discomforts 2. Automation without IoT and individual costly
experienced by the teacher while erasing the black systems
board. By switching a button the board will be
automatically erased by the help of dusters fixed in a The block diagram of Existing methodology is shown
way to erase the black board efficiently. below in Fig.1

The last objective is to be overall cost effective. While

the idea to improve classroom is the priority of this
project work, importance is made to ensure that this
system is affordable to all those who need it. The
setup cost may initially be a bit high, but in the long
run it is expected that there will be a reduction in both
electricity and paper cost.

II. Motivation of the project Fig.1. Block diagram of existing methodology

An ideal classroom is an environment in which
Advantages of the existing system are
teachers are able to focus completely on their lectures
and the students are able to concentrate on the  Manual methods are used in small schools
information they are being conveyed. Unfortunately, with less number of students
this does not happen in most of the Indian  Automation can be implemented for only
Classrooms. During first ten minutes of every class needy systems which may reduce cost
hours, time is usually wasted in many ways such as  The main disadvantages of this existing
manually recording student’s attendance one after systems are given below
another in the attendance register. Other disruptions  Time consuming
also occur throughout class time such as temperature  Relatively high cost
and light variation in summer and winter seasons  Contains minimum number of automated
respectively. systems
 Students and teachers will get disturbed
These problems cause affected students to wander  Electricity is wasted dude to carelessness
around the class guessing for the right switch and  However in our system these disadvantages
adjusting it to equilibrate the environment back to are overcome effectively.
satisfying or comfortable conditions. This causes
disturbances for both teachers and all the other B. Proposed System
students, and so to eliminate these irritations an
automated classroom is created which allows the The proposed system integrates all individual systems
classroom to become more efficient, and eliminate under one board. So that the cost of overall system
any human assistance in controlling the atmosphere. will be reduced efficiently. The block diagram of
proposed system is shown in Fig 2.
III. Methodology
Through literature reviews we have formulated some
of the existing methodologies and designed our
system based on the difficulties faced by the existing
authors.

A. Existing Methodology
There are two methods which is being followed
previously. They are

Fig.2. Block diagram of proposed system

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
The proposed system contains the following 3. Automatic black board erasing system: After
subsystems every lecture is over one has to erase the black
board manually. This takes more time and the dust
1. Automated attendance system using fingerprint particles affects breathing of the person who is
sensor: The automatic attendance management erasing the board. So In order to overcome this,
technique that integrates fingerprint automatically black board is erased by simply
authentication into the process of attendance pushing a button ON/OFF.A vertically fixed
management using Arduino and computer. It framed powered by electric motor slides through a
Comprises of two processes namely; enrolment of guide way in a manner to erase the contents in the
ID and authentication of ID. During enrolment, black board. The sample Board cleaning system is
the biometrics of the Student is captured and is shown in below Fig.6.
stored in a flash memory along with the person’s
id Number. The main objective of the
enrolment module is to register the user using
Student’s id and fingerprints into a flash memory
after feature Collection. During authentication,
the biometrics of the Student is captured and
are compared with all those that already exists
in the flash memory to determine a match for
marking the automated attendance. The working
of Fingerprint based attendance system is given Fig 6: Automatic black board erasing system
below in Fig.4.
4. Projector Control System: In flipped classroom
teaching methods projectors are often used in the
lecture. While changing the classroom to
projector adapting environment we have to
manually roll the curtains down , open the
projector screen and switch off the lights This is
automatically done with the a android application.
By simply enabling a button in the application all
Fig 4: Fingerprint based attendance system
these things are done automatically with less time
consumption. The overall function of Projector
2. Automatic Fan and Light Control: In many
management system is shown in Fig.7.
classrooms after the class is over the students and
teachers leave the school without switching OFF
them, at the time of closing the classrooms the
security staffs tend to switch OFF them. Hence
electrical energy is wasted during the unwanted
time. To overcome this PIR sensor and LDR are
used to automatically Control them. PIR detects
the human presence inside the classroom and
switches ON only if there is any human inside the Fig 7: Projeector Control system
class. LDR detects illumination of the room.
During dark hours it will switch on the Lights and 5. Electronic Notice Board: During class hours we
vice versa. The block diagram is shown below in get disturbed by frequent circulars coming in
Fig.5. between the lecture. So an electronic notice board
which is controlled by smartphone application is
introduced in the classroom. In case of any
important news to be shared to the students the
staffs outside the classroom can simply send using
this application. And the students get notified
while a new information is sent to the classroom.
Fig.5: Automatic Fan and Light Control By this the lecture will not be disturbed. The

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
working block diagram of Electronic notice board
is given below in the Fig.8

Fig.10 Procedure flow

IV. Components
The selection of materials involves the study of their
Characteristics, advantages, availability, cost, user
friendly property of components that we want to use.
Fig.8: Electronic Notice Board
In our project, we select each and every components
6. Automatic Window Control System: During by study thoroughly about them. By proceeding like
rainy days the students sitting near the window that only, we had done our selection.
can be easily affected by rain drops through the  The software and device chosen to programming
window. And we have to close it annually. So, the the execution of our idea is Arduino IDE and
rain sensors which detect the rain outside will Arduino Mega Board.
automatically close the window and the students  The Software used to interface user and
will not get affected by the rain. The mechanism smartphone is Blynk software
has simple rack and pinion setup for individual  The device chosen to interface Blynk software and
windows which is shown in the below Fig.9. Arduino board is ESP32

The detailed description for selecting components is

given below:
Fig 9: Automatic Window control system
A. Arduino
Advantages of the proposed system are
o Integrated systems with Minimal Cost The Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board
o User friendly Interface based on the ATmega2560 chip. It contains
o Easily reprogrammable everything needed to support the microcontroller;
o Students and teachers can concentrate on simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or
lecture power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get
o Improvised energy saving started. The Arduino Board is shown in Figure.11.
The main disadvantages of this proposed systems are
given below
o Programming is more complex
o Can’t be used in Intranet connections
o Electrical components must be handled with
caution.

C. Procedure Flow
The system follows three steps in automating the
classroom. They are Fig.11.Arduino Mega (source: www.arduino.cc)

1. Sensing B. ESP-WROOM-32 / ESP2

2. Transmission of data
3. Monitoring and Controlling ESP32-DevKitC is a small-sized ESP32-based
development board produced by Espressif.
The sensor is the starting point of the process. Once Developers can connect these pins to peripherals as
the data is received the microcontroller does its work needed.
according to the program stored in it. The Flow The Module is shown in Fig.12.
diagram is shown in Fig.10

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
light when the LDR is in darkness or to turn o¬ a light
when the LDR is in light. It can also work the other
way around so when the LDR is in light it turns on the
circuit and when it’s in darkness the resistance
increase and disrupts the circuit.

F. Fingerprint Sensor

Fig 12: ESP32 (Source: www.esp32.net) People have tiny ridges of skin on their fingers
because this particular adaptation was extremely
C. Blynk Software advantageous to the ancestors of the human species.
The pattern of ridges and "valleys" on fingers make it
Blynk is a smart platform with iOS and Android apps easier for the hands to grip things, in the same way a
to control Arduino, Raspberry Pi and the other IoT rubber tread pattern helps a tire grip the road. Sample
modules over the Internet. It's a digital dashboard in working of sensor is given below in Fig 14.
your smartphone where you can build a graphic
interface for your project by simply dragging and There are two types of Fingerprint sensors available.
dropping widgets. It's really simple to set everything They are
up and you'll start learning in less than 5 minutes. 1. Optical scanner
Blynk is not tied to some specific board or shield. 2. Capacitance scanner
Blynk was designed for the Internet of Things. It can
control hardware remotely from any part of the world,
it can display sensor data, and it can store data,
visualize it and do many other cool things.

D. PIR Sensor
PIR sensor is more complicated than any other
sensors because there are multiple variables that affect
the sensors input and output. The PIR sensor itself has
two slots in it; each slot is made of a special material
that is sensitive to IR detectors. The PIR Sensor
working is shown in Fig.13.

Fig.14.Capactive Finger print sensor

(Source: www.Howstufworks.com)

G. Stepper Motor
A stepper motor is an electromechanical device which
Fig.13. PIR Sensor working converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical
movements. The shaft or spindle of a stepper motor
E. Light Dependant Resistor rotates in discrete step increments when electrical
A light dependant resistor also known as a LDR, command pulses are applied to it in the proper
photo resistor, photoconductor or photocell, is a sequence. The construction of the stepper motor is
resistor whose resistance increases or decreases shown in Fig.15
depending on the amount of light intensity
A LDRs can have a variety of resistance and
functions. For example it can be used to turn on a

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
V. Programming
The programming is done in Arduino IDE software.
During programming we have to keep in mind that all
the systems should be automated and they should not
get affected by the other parts of program.
The Sample coding is give n the future section.
PIR & LDR
If (analogRead(photosensor) >= 850)
Fig.15.Construction of Stepper motor {// dark if the value of photosensor is bigger than 850
(Source: www.nptel.ni.in) Serial.print("Dark");
H. LED 8X8 Matrix PIRState = digitalRead(PIR);
// then get the value of the PIR sensor
LED Matrix's are great fun, you can create funky //if detect move the PIR State is HIGH if not move
patterns, scroll messages, or create something entirely then is LOW
bizarre. Sadly controlling one is a tad complicated. if(PIRState == HIGH) {
But once mastered is easily repeatable. Sample LED digitalWrite(relayfloor, LOW);
Matrix is shown in Figure.4.10. This matrix has the // open the relay floor to give power on
LED's anodes connected across rows (8 pins) then the leds delay(5000);
red and green LED's cathodes attached across // delay to stay on the leds
columns (8 pins each). To light an LED connect its Serial.print("Motion PIR");
rows anode to +5volts, and through a resistor, it's // debugging show in serial monitor
columns cathode to ground. Sample LED from Online PIRState == LOW;
is shown below in Fig 16. // set the PIR State low no motion-movement
} else {
// if have not movement-motion close the
Serial.print("No motion");
digitalWrite(relayfloor, HIGH); }
} else {
// the photosensor take value for day and the relay
Fig 16: 8X8 LED Matrix (Source: www.amazon.in) close
// we not check the PIR sensore
The Table 1 which is listed below contains the overall digitalWrite(relayfloor, HIGH);
components used in this project. Serial.print("Day No light need"); }
Components Type if (strcmp(packetBuffer, "Ledon") == 0) {
Stepper Motor 10kg-cm, 5Kg-cm digitalWrite(relaydesk, LOW); replay = "leds desk
Arduino Arduino Mega 2560 on"; }
ESP32 - else if (strcmp(packetBuffer, "Ledoff") == 0) {
PIR Sensor - digitalWrite(relaydesk, HIGH); replay = "leds desk
LDR Module - off"; }
RTC - Stepper Motor Control
LED 8X8 Matrix int sensorReading = analogRead(A0);
Fingerprint sensor Capacitive type int motorSpeed = map(sensorReading, 0, 1023, 0,
Smartphone Android Application 100);
application If (motorSpeed > 0) {
Cables 0.5 SQ mm and other myStepper.setSpeed(motorSpeed);
req myStepper.step(stepsPerRevolution / 100); }
Belts & Pulleys For servo dimensions LED Matrix
Framework and other Aluminum, wood, void setup() {
components etc. // set up the LCD's number of columns and rows:
lcd.begin(16, 2);
Table.1.Components used in the project }

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 International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
void loop() {
// set the cursor to (0,0):
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
// print from 0 to 9:
for (int thisChar = 0; thisChar < 10; thisChar++) {
lcd.print(thisChar);
delay(500);
}
// set the cursor to (16,1):
lcd.setCursor(16, 1);
// set the display to automatically scroll:
lcd.autoscroll(); Graph 2: Classroom Outcome Expected
// print from 0 to 9:
for (int thisChar = 0; thisChar < 10; thisChar++) { VII. Acknowledgment
lcd.print(thisChar);
delay(500); We take immense pleasure in expressing our humble
} note of gratitude to our project guide
// turn off automatic scrolling Mr.R.Yasodharan Assistant Professor Department of
lcd.noAutoscroll(); Mechatronics Engineering for his remarkable
// clear screen for the next loop: guidance in doing our project.
lcd.clear();
} REFERENCES
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