Formatted IO

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
printf("N=%3d\n",10);
printf("N=%2d\n",10);
printf("N=%1d\n",10);
printf("N=%7.2f\n",3.141);
printf("N=%.2f\n",5.1234);
printf("N=%.7f\n",3.141);
printf("N=%f\n",3.14);
printf("N=%06.1f\n",5.5);
printf("%-+6.1f=N\n",5.5);
printf("%-6.3f\n",13.1445);

printf("%s\n","HELLO");
printf("%3s\n","HELLO");
printf("%10s\n","HELLO");
printf("%10.3s\n","HELLO");
}
output
------
N= 10
N=10
N=10
N= 3.14
N=5.12
N=3.1410000
N=3.140000
N=0005.5
+5.5 =N
13.145
HELLO
HELLO
HELLO
HEL

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a=10;
printf("Value of outer a is=%d",a);
{
int a=20;
printf("Value of inner a is=%d",a);
}
}
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,c,x,y,z;
int p,q,r;

printf("Enter three integer numbers\n");

scanf("%d %*d %d",&a,&b,&c);
printf("%d %d %d \n\n",a,b,c);

printf("Enter two 4-digit numbers\n");

scanf("%2d %4d",&x,&y);
printf("%d %d\n\n",x,y);

printf("Enter two 2-digit numbers\n");

scanf("%d %d",&a,&x);
printf("%d %d\n\n",a,x);

printf("Enter a nine digit number \n");

scanf("%3d %4d %3d",&p,&q,&r);
printf("%d %d %d \n\n",p,q,r);

printf("Enter two 3-digit numbers\n");

scanf("%d %d",&x,&y);
printf("%d %d",x,y);

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
char x;
printf("\t\t\t%d",sizeof(x));
printf("\t\t\t%d",sizeof('x'));
}

//character of ASCII Value

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int chr = 69;
printf("Character having ASCII value 69 is %c.",chr);
return 0;
}
/* Program to declare a character variable d and then set it to be 'd' */
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
char c;
c = 'd';
printf("This is my character: %c \n", c);
printf(“This is my ASCII value: %d\n”, c);
}

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char chr;
printf("Enter a character: ");
scanf("%c",&chr);

// When %c text format is used, character is displayed in case of character types

printf("You entered %c.\n",chr);

// When %d text format is used, integer is displayed in case of character types

printf("ASCII value of %c is %d.", chr, chr);
return 0;
}

Operators
// C Program to demonstrate the working of arithmetic operators
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a = 9,b = 4, c;

c = a+b;
printf("a+b = %d \n",c);

c = a-b;
printf("a-b = %d \n",c);

c = a*b;
printf("a*b = %d \n",c);

c=a/b;
printf("a/b = %d \n",c);

c=a%b;
printf("Remainder when a divided by b = %d \n",c);

return 0;
}

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a=100;
int b=2;
float c=25.0;
float d=2.0;
float result; //int
printf("\n6+a/5*6=%d\n",6+a/5*6);
printf("a+b*c;a/b*b=%d\n",a+b*c);
printf("c/d*d=%f\n",c/d*d);
printf("-a=%d\n",-a);
result=a/c;
printf("a/c=%f\n",result);
}

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{ //division by zero not possible
// numerator sign is resultant sign
int a=99;
int b=50;
printf("%d\n",a%b);
printf("%d\n",-a%b);
printf("%d\n",a%-b);
printf("%d\n",-a%-b);

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{ //value for a, b not assigned then result is garbage value
int a;
int b;
int c=a*b;
printf("%d\n",c);
}

//incrementing constant is not possible

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{

printf("\n\n\t\t\t%d\n",++2);
}

// C Program to demonstrate the working of increment and decrement operators

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a = 10, b = 100;
float c = 10.5, d = 100.5;

printf("++a = %d \n", ++a);

printf("--b = %d \n", --b);

printf("++c = %f \n", ++c);

printf("--d = %f \n", --d);

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{

int x=5;
printf("\n\n\t\t\tx++=%d\t++x=%d\n",x++,++x);
printf("\n\n\t\t\tx=%d\n",x);
}

// C Program to demonstrate the working of assignment operators

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a = 5, c;

c = a;
printf("c = %d \n", c);

c += a; // c = c+a
printf("c = %d \n", c);

c -= a; // c = c-a
printf("c = %d \n", c);

c *= a; // c = c*a
printf("c = %d \n", c);

c /= a; // c = c/a
printf("c = %d \n", c);

c %= a; // c = c%a
printf("c = %d \n", c);

// C Program to demonstrate the working of relational operators

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a = 5, b = 5, c = 10;

printf("%d == %d = %d \n", a, b, a == b); // true

printf("%d == %d = %d \n", a, c, a == c); // false

printf("%d > %d = %d \n", a, b, a > b); //false

printf("%d > %d = %d \n", a, c, a > c); //false

printf("%d < %d = %d \n", a, b, a < b); //false

printf("%d < %d = %d \n", a, c, a < c); //true

printf("%d != %d = %d \n", a, b, a != b); //false

printf("%d != %d = %d \n", a, c, a != c); //true

printf("%d >= %d = %d \n", a, b, a >= b); //true

printf("%d >= %d = %d \n", a, c, a >= c); //false

printf("%d <= %d = %d \n", a, b, a <= b); //true

printf("%d <= %d = %d \n", a, c, a <= c); //true

return 0;

// C Program to demonstrate the working of logical operators

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a = 5, b = 5, c = 10, result;

result = (a == b) && (c > b);

printf("(a == b) && (c > b) equals to %d \n", result);

result = (a == b) && (c < b);

printf("(a == b) && (c < b) equals to %d \n", result);

result = (a == b) || (c < b);

printf("(a == b) || (c < b) equals to %d \n", result);

result = (a != b) || (c < b);

printf("(a != b) || (c < b) equals to %d \n", result);

result = !(a != b);

printf("!(a == b) equals to %d \n", result);

result = !(a == b);

 printf("!(a == b) equals to %d \n", result);

return 0;
}

//Comma operator example

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int num1,num2=1;
num1=num2+1,num2=2;
printf("Num1= %d\n",num1);
}

sizeof Operator
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a;
float b;
double c;
char d;
printf("Size of int=%lu bytes\n",sizeof(a));
printf("Size of float=%lu bytes\n",sizeof(b));
printf("Size of double=%lu bytes\n",sizeof(c));
printf("Size of char=%lu byte\n",sizeof(d));
return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a;
long b;
long long c;
double e;
long double f;

printf("Size of int = %ld bytes \n", sizeof(a));

printf("Size of long = %ld bytes\n", sizeof(b));
printf("Size of long long = %ld bytes\n", sizeof(c));

printf("Size of double = %ld bytes\n", sizeof(e));

printf("Size of long double = %ld bytes\n", sizeof(f));

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a;
float b;
double c;
char d;
printf("Size of int=%d bytes\n",sizeof(a));
printf("Size of float=%d bytes\n",sizeof(b));
printf("Size of double=%d bytes\n",sizeof(c));
printf("Size of char=%d byte\n",sizeof(d));
printf("Size of 1.55=%d byte\n",sizeof(1.55));
printf("Size of 1.55L=%d byte\n",sizeof(1.55L));
printf("Size of HELLO=%d byte\n",sizeof("HELLO"));
}

C conditional Operator
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
char February;
int days;
printf("If this year is leap year, enter 1. If not enter any integer: ");
scanf("%c",&February);

// If test condition (February == 'l') is true, days equal to 29.

// If test condition (February =='l') is false, days equal to 28.
days = (February == '1') ? 29 : 28;

printf("Number of days in February = %d",days);

return 0;
}

/* C Program to demonstrate use of bitwise operators */

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
unsigned char a = 5, b = 9; // a = 4(00000101), b = 8(00001001)
printf("a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b);
printf("a&b = %d\n", a&b); // The result is 00000001
printf("a|b = %d\n", a|b); // The result is 00001101
printf("a^b = %d\n", a^b); // The result is 00001100
printf("~a = %d\n", a = ~a); // The result is 11111010
printf("b<<1 = %d\n", b<<1); // The result is 00010010
printf("b>>1 = %d\n", b>>1); // The result is 00000100
return 0;
}

Output:
a = 5, b = 9
a&b = 1
a|b = 13
a^b = 12
~a = 250
b<<1 = 18
b>>1 = 4

#include <stdio.h>

main() {

unsigned int a = 60; /* 60 = 0011 1100 */

unsigned int b = 13; /* 13 = 0000 1101 */
int c = 0;

c = a & b; /* 12 = 0000 1100 */

printf("Line 1 - Value of c is %d\n", c );

c = a | b; /* 61 = 0011 1101 */
printf("Line 2 - Value of c is %d\n", c );

c = a ^ b; /* 49 = 0011 0001 */
printf("Line 3 - Value of c is %d\n", c );

c = ~a; /*-61 = 1100 0011 */

printf("Line 4 - Value of c is %d\n", c );

c = a << 2; /* 240 = 1111 0000 */

printf("Line 5 - Value of c is %d\n", c );

c = a >> 2; /* 15 = 0000 1111 */

printf("Line 6 - Value of c is %d\n", c );
}
OUTPUT
Line 1 - Value of c is 12
Line 2 - Value of c is 61
Line 3 - Value of c is 49
Line 4 - Value of c is -61
Line 5 - Value of c is 240
Line 6 - Value of c is 15

C program - Print value in Exponential Format

/*C program to print value in exponential (scientific) format */

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
 float value=123456.456f;

printf("value: %f (using %%f format specifier)\n",value);

printf("value: %e (using %%e format specifier)\n",value);

return 0;
}