Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
49 views

Create The SSH Key Pair

1. The document explains how to generate an SSH key pair on Mac or Linux using the ssh-keygen command and save the public and private keys. It also describes alternative tools for Windows. 2. It describes setting up a new "Git" user on the VPS and installing Git via the package manager (yum or apt-get). 3. The SSH public key is added to the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file on the VPS to allow access. 4. An empty Git repository is initialized in bare mode using git init --bare to set up a remote Git server. Local repositories can then be pushed to and pulled from this server.

Uploaded by

Rakesh Bhardwaj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
49 views

Create The SSH Key Pair

1. The document explains how to generate an SSH key pair on Mac or Linux using the ssh-keygen command and save the public and private keys. It also describes alternative tools for Windows. 2. It describes setting up a new "Git" user on the VPS and installing Git via the package manager (yum or apt-get). 3. The SSH public key is added to the ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file on the VPS to allow access. 4. An empty Git repository is initialized in bare mode using git init --bare to set up a remote Git server. Local repositories can then be pushed to and pulled from this server.

Uploaded by

Rakesh Bhardwaj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Create the SSH Key Pair

First, we need to generate a SSH key pair. If you are using Mac or Linux, you can
simply issue the following command in a terminal, but replace the email address with
your own:

ssh-keygen -C "youremail@mailprovider.com"
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/flynn/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in foo_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in foo_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
ab:cd:ef:01:23:45:67:89:0a:bc:de:f0:12:34:56:78 flynn@en.com
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
| o+-+ .. |
| E o |
| . ++.o.. |
| o o H . |
| . . = |
| . =o.o= |
| o . |
| . |
| = o . |
+-----------------+
I highly recommend putting a password on the key files, it is one more layer of security
and has a very minimal impact. If you are using Windows based operating system, there
are tools available to generate key pairs, such as PuTTY Gen, though it does come with
a disclaimer that you need to check with your local laws before using it as some
countries have banned it's use. If that isn't the case, you may log into your VPS, create
the key pair, and download both id_rsa and id_rsa.pub for your use.

Next, the VPS will need a user specifically for Git. Most people will simply create a user
called "Git", and that is what we'll do for this tutorial but feel free to name this user
whatever you'd like.

Setup a Git User and Install Git on your VPS


Log into your VPS, and gain root*:

su -
*Some people feel uncomfortable using root in this manner. If your VPS is set up to use
sudo, then do so.

Add the Unix user (not necessarily Git user names) to handle the repositories:
useradd git
Then give your Git user a password:

passwd git
Now it's as easy as:

 CentOS/Fedora: yum install git


 Ubuntu/Debian: apt-get install git

Add your SSH Key to the Access List


At this point, you'll want to be logged in as the Git user. If you haven't already logged in
to that user, use this command to switch to it:

su git
Now you need to upload your id_rsa.pub file to your Git user's home directory. Once
you have done that, we need let the SSH daemon know what SSH keys to accept. This
is done using the authorized keys file, and it resides in the dot folder "ssh". To create
this, input:

mkdir ~/.ssh && touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys


Note: Using the double '&' in your command chains them, so it tells the system to
execute the first command and then the second. Using the 'tilde' at the beginning of the
path will tell the system to use your home directory, so '~' becomes /home/git/ to your
VPS.

We are going to use the 'cat' command, which will take the contents of a file and return
them to the command line. We then use the '>>' modifier to do something with that
output rather than just print it in your console. Be careful with this, as a single '>' will
overwrite all the contents of the second file you specify. A double '>' will append it, so
make sure you know what you want to do and in most cases it will be easier to just use
">>" so that you can always delete what you append rather than looking to restore what
you mashed over.

Each line in this file is an entry for a key that you wish to have access to this account.
To add the key that you just uploaded, type the following, replacing :

cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh user@123.45.56.78 "cat >>


~/.ssh/authorized_keys"
Now you can see the key there if you use cat on the authorized key file:

cat ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
If you want to add others to your access list, they simply need to give you their
id_rsa.pub key and you append it to the authorized keys file.
Setup a Local Repository
This is a pretty simple process, you just call the Git command and initialize a bare
repository in whichever directory you'd like. Let's say I want to use "My Project" as the
project title. When creating the folder, I'd use all lower case, replace any spaces with
hyphens, and append ".git" to the name. So "My Project" becomes "my-project.git".

To create that folder as an empty Git repository:

git init --bare my-project.git


Thats it! You now have a Git repository set up on your VPS. Let's move on to how to
use it with your local computer.

Using your Git Server from your Local Computer


On Linux or Mac OS, you need to change the remote origin to your newly created
server. If you already have a local repo that you want to push to the server, change the
remote using this command:

git remote set-url origin git@git.droplet.com:my-project.git


If this is a new repository you are setting up, use this:

git init && git remote add origin git@git.droplet.com:my-project.git


Now you may add, push, pull, and even clone away knowing that your code is only
accessible to yourself.

But what if you want a few trusted people to have access to this server and you want to
keep things simple by sorting them by the names of your users? A simple and effective
way to do that is to create a folder named after each person, so in the home folder for
your Git user list, input:

mkdir user1 user2


Now when you specify the remote repository, it would look like this:

git remote add origin git@git.droplet.com:user1/user-project.git

You might also like