UL 2818 Certification-Greenguard 2017

UL 2818
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GREENGUARD Certification Program
For Chemical Emissions For Building
Materials, Finishes And Furnishings
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JANUARY 13, 2017 − UL 2818 tr1
GREENGUARD Certification Program For Chemical Emissions For Building Materials, Finishes And
Furnishings, UL 2818
First Edition, Dated March 29, 2013
Summary of Topics
This revision was published to add a requirement for use of CARB compliant materials for
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tr2 JANUARY 13, 2017 − UL 2818
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MARCH 29, 2013
(Title Page Reprinted: January 13, 2017)
UL 2818
GREENGUARD Certification Program For Chemical Emissions For
Building Materials, Finishes And Furnishings
First Edition
March 29, 2013
This document includes pages dated March 29, 2013, March 14, 2014,
December 30, 2014 and revisions January 13, 2017.
Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Document may be

submitted to UL at any time. Proposals should be submitted via a Proposal
Request in UL’s On-Line Collaborative Standards Development System (CSDS)
at http://csds.ul.com..
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COPYRIGHT © 2017 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.
2 UL 2818 DECEMBER 30, 2014
DECEMBER 30, 2014 UL 2818 3
CONTENTS
GENERAL
1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
3 Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
4 Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
REQUIREMENTS
5 Emissions Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
6 Exposure Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
6.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
6.2 Office Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
6.3 Educational Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
6.4 Residential Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
6.5 Summary Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
7 Emissions Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Appendix A
4 UL 2818 DECEMBER 30, 2014
GENERAL
1 Purpose
1.1 UL Environment has created this document to establish a nationally recognized voluntary program for
qualifying building materials, finishes and furnishings as certified low emitting products for the indoor
environment.
2 Scope
2.1 The document is applicable to the determination of organic emissions from building materials, finishes
and furnishings (See Appendix A). This is a product performance based document, and the complete
toxicity effects of the emissions are beyond the scope of the program.
2.2 The use of environmental test chambers and indoor exposure models to characterize the dynamic
emissions from products and their components are well established.
2.3 The achievement of test results, that have meaning within the context of the program, require rigorous
sample selection procedures, defined sample collection and handling procedures, and the employment of
precise and accurate analytical measurement systems and procedures. Additionally, the manufacturer of
the product(s) evaluated in reference to the requirements set forth by the document must have in place
a production quality control system that is capable of assuring products shall be manufactured with
consistently close results in similar emissions characteristics over time. Such relevant requirements are
set forth in standards and procedures that are referenced by this document.
2.4 This document does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
the responsibility of the user of the document to establish appropriate safety and health practices, as well
as to determine what regulatory limitations, if any, may exist.
3 Process
3.1 Certification procedures are presented in the “Program Manual for GREENGUARD Product
Certification Programs.”
4 Terminology
4.1 Product – The end result of the manufacturing process (e.g. an item, system or unit), to be offered
to the marketplace or a component material or a component assembly. A unique item distinguishable by
a discrete model number. Specifically, any item supplied by the Manufacturer that the Manufacturer
desires to have GREENGUARD certified.
Furniture terms in this document are used in the sense that they are defined in ANSI/BIFMA M7.1-2011
which shall prevail in the case of any discrepancy.
4.1 revised December 30, 2014
MARCH 14, 2014 UL 2818 5
REQUIREMENTS
Suitability for Certification
This document was created with reference to ISO/IEC 17007:2009 and is suitable for certification
purposes. This document may be used for certification solely by UL and its affiliated entities in the UL
GREENGUARD certification program. Accordingly, only UL or its affiliated entities can determine and
declare whether a product is in compliance with the requirements in this document. Any purported
determination or declaration of testing, conformance, compliance or certification to this document by any
other party is null and void and cannot be used to meet the requirements of this document.
5 Emissions Testing
5.1 Product emissions are measured following the testing requirements of the GREENGUARD
Certification Program Method for Measuring and Evaluating Chemical Emissions From Building Materials,
Finishes and Furnishings Using Dynamic Environmental Chambers, UL 2821 by an accredited indoor air
quality testing laboratory recognized by UL Environment. The testing and measurement methodologies
are consistent and comply with those of the California Department of Public Health’s
CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.1 “Standard Method for the Testing and Evaluation of Volatile Organic
Chemical Emissions from Indoor Sources using Environmental Chambers Version 1.1 February 2010 (CA
Section 01350) and ANSI/BIFMA M7.1-2011 “Standard Test Method for Determining VOC Emissions from
Office Furniture Systems, Components and Seating.”
6 Exposure Modeling
6.1 General
6.1.1 Exposure concentrations are determined using the models presented in UL 2821. The surface
areas for the major product types are presented in the table entitled “Parameters to be used for calculation
of VOC concentrations in offices and classrooms” in UL 2821 and in CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V 1.1,
while surface areas for other products have been established and are available upon request. The surface
areas for systems furniture, are those specified in ANSI/BIFMA M7.1-2011. As needed, specialized
models (room size, ventilation rate and product area) are created for specific product use and documented
within the certification report(s).
6.1.1 revised March 10, 2014
6 UL 2818 DECEMBER 30, 2014
6.2 Office Environment
6.2.1 CDPH/EHLP/Standard Method V1.1 (February 2010) office is the default scenario, unless otherwise
specified as indicated in 6.3 and 6.4. This office has dimensions of 3.05 m x 3.66 m x 2.74 m (10’ x 12’ x
9’), which results in a room volume of 30.6 m3(1080 ft3). The room has one 0.914 m x 2.13 m (3’ x 7’)
door and one 1.22 m x 1.22 m (4’ x 4’) window. The office is designed for single occupancy. The
ventilation rate used is 0.68 ACH based on ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007 “Ventilation for Acceptable
Indoor Air Quality” using the specified parameters of 5 cfm per person and 0.06 cfm/ft2 for office spaces
in office buildings.
6.2.2 Alternate office environments outlined in ANSI/BIFMA M7.1-2011, Table 11.1 are used to model
workstation systems and seating units. The open plan and private office models from ANSI/BIFMA
M7.1-2011, Table 11.1 are also used to calculate the emission factor criteria for office furniture component
assemblies and individual furniture items.
6.2.2 revised December 30, 2014
6.3 Educational Environment
6.3.1 The educational environment is also used for building products and products specifically designed
for educational environment use and not found in use in offices. This includes products such as student
desks and chairs, lunchroom tables, and risers. The GREENGUARD Certification Program uses the
CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.1 classroom. The school classroom model is based on the dimensions
of a typical re-locatable classroom; the classroom size also is generally representative of site-built
classrooms for K-12 schools (Jenkins, Phillips and Waldman, 2004). It is a 24’ (7.32 m) wide by 40’ (12.2
m) long classroom with an 8.5’ (2.59 m) high ceiling and a resulting volume of 231m3. The effective
outdoor air ventilation rate used is 2.8 hr-1. This is a weekly average assuming 40 hours per week of
ventilation system operation at 2.8 h-1 and 128 hours per week at 0.2 h-1 due to infiltration. The 2.8 h-1
value is determined using the ASHRAE 62.1-2007 ventilation guideline for classrooms occupied by pupils,
ages five and up for 27 occupants in this space. The minimum ventilation requirement is 10 cfm/person
and 0.12 cfm/ft2 floor area. The classroom has one 3’ x 7’ (1.87m2) door, one 4’ x 4’ window and one 4’
x 8’ window (4.46m2 total window area).
6.4 Residential Environment
6.4.1 Building products with specific areas or quantities for application in the single-family residence
scenario will use the value in CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.1 Appendix B. For products not identified
in this appendix, the residential environment is based on the GREENGUARD home. The residential
environments are used for products specifically designed for use in a residential setting, specifically a
bedroom or open living/dining area. This includes mattresses and other bedding, cribs and other
bedroom/nursery furniture and kitchen cabinetry. For this document, the GREENGUARD residential
model is considered as two sets of parameters, one for a 1st floor isolated bedroom/nursery 3.35 m x 4.27
m (11’ x 14’) and one for a 1st floor open living/dining area. The living/dining area includes a 13.9 m2(150
ft2) dining room, a 19.9 m2(214 ft2) kitchen with breakfast nook, a 55.9 m2(602 ft2) living room, and 2.35
m2(25.2 ft2) for the hallway area. It is assumed that the ceiling heights on the 2nd floor are 2.44 m (8’)
high and those on the first floor are 2.74 m (9’) high, consistent with current construction trends. The
ventilation rate of 0.45 ACH is the recommended typical residential ventilation rate from the USEPA
Exposure Factors Handbook (Table 19-1) (September 2011).
JANUARY 13, 2017 UL 2818 7
6.5 Summary Table
6.5.1 A summary of the dimensions of the modeling environments is provided in the Table below.
Parameter Office Furniture Open Classroom GREENGUARD GREENGUARD

Plan Office1 Bedroom Living/Dining Area
Room Length 3.66 m (12 ft) 12.2 m (40 ft) 3.35 m (11 ft) 92.1 m2(991 ft2)
Room Width 3.05 m (10 ft) 7.31 m (24 ft) 4.27 m (14 ft)
Room Height 2.74 m (9 ft) 2.59 m (8.5 ft) 2.44 m (8 ft) 2.74 m (9 ft)
Room Volume 30.6 m3(1080 ft3) 231 m3(8160 ft3) 34.9 m3(1230 ft3) 252 m3(8,920 ft3)
Air Change Rate 0.68 hr-1 0.82 hr-1 0.45 hr-1 0.45hr-1
Modelled Air Flow2 15.02 m3/h (24.85
m3/h for seating)
1 For use with office furniture workstation systems only.
2 Predicted concentration from modelled environment calculated with ACH value
6.5.2 For office furniture workstation systems, seating units, individual furniture items, component
assemblies, and component materials the modeling environments as summarized in ANSI/BIFMA
M7.1-2011, Table 11.1 are used.
6.5.2 added December 30, 2014
7 Emissions Criteria
7 revised January 13, 2017
The list of product types for which this certification is applicable is maintained in Appendix A.
Preliminary screening tests to guide specimen identification for furniture products must be at least 72
hours in duration.
For all flooring products that contain composite wood products which are subject to the California Air
Resources Board (CARB) Air Toxics Control Measure (ATCM) for formaldehyde emissions, all
GREENGUARD Certified products must be made using panels that are compliant with Phase 2 emission
limits.
7.1 For GREENGUARD Certification, product emissions are required to meet the following exposure
concentration or emission factor criteria within 168 hours of testing.
8 UL 2818 JANUARY 13, 2017
Table 7.1 revised March 14, 2014
Parameter Full Concentration Half Concentration Emission Factor Levels1

Levels Levels
(Applicable for (Applicable for (Applicable for individual furniture items and
Building Construction Component Materials, component assemblies)
Materials and Mattresses and Open Plan Private Office
Finishes, Wood Bedding, and Seating
Finishes, Countertops, Units)
Casework, Visual
Display Products,
Furniture
WorkstationSystems,
Classroom Furniture,
Residential furniture
and Movable Walls)
Applicable to All Products
Total VOCs (TVOC)2 ≤ 0.5 mg/m3 ≤ 0.25 mg/m3 345 µg/m2*hr 694 µg/m2*hr
Formaldehyde ≤ 0.05 ppm ≤ 0.025 ppm 42.3 µg/m2*hr 85.1 µg/m2*hr
Total Aldehydes3 ≤ 0.1 ppm ≤ 0.05 ppm 2.8 µmol/m2*hr 5.7 µmol/m2*hr
Individual VOCs4 ≤ 0.1 TLV ≤ 0.1 TLV ≤ 0.1 TLV ≤ 0.1 TLV
Listing of measured carcinogens and reproductive toxins as identified by
California Proposition 65, the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP), and
the International Agency on Research on Cancer (IARC) must be provided.
Applicable to Specific Products Only
4-Phenylcyclohexene5 ≤ 0.0065 mg/m3 ≤ 0.0033 mg/m3 4.5 µg/m2*hr 19.0 µg/m2*hr
PM10 6 ≤ 0.05 mg/m 3 ≤ 0.025 mg/m3 NA NA
1 Emission factor values reflect those in ANSI/BIFMA X7.1
2 Defined to be the total response of measured VOCs falling within the C6 – C16 range, with responses calibrated to a toluene
surrogate.
3 The sum of all measured normal aldehydes from formaldehyde through nonanal, plus benzaldehyde, individually calibrated to
a compound specific standard. Heptanal through nonanal are measured via TD/GC/MS analysis and the remaining aldehydes
are measured using HPLC/UV analysis.
4 Any VOC not listed must produce an air concentration level no greater than 1/10 the Threshold Limit Value (TLV) industrial
workplace standard (Reference: American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists, 6500 Glenway, Building D-7, and
Cincinnati, OH 45211-4438).
5 Applicable to flooring and furniture, including components and construction materials.
6 Particles applicable to fibrous, particle-releasing products with exposed surface area in air streams (a forced air test with
specific test method) and for wood finishing (sanding) systems.
7.2 For GREENGUARD Gold Certification, product emissions are required to meet the additional
exposure concentration criteria in Table 7.2.1 or the emission factor ANSI/BIFMA e3-2012, Annex C and
the additional emission factor criteria in criteria in Table 7.2.2, applicable for individual furniture items and
component assemblies. The criteria are to be met at a time point no sooner than 168 hours (7 days) and
no greater than 336 hours (14 days) with no preconditioning of the product. Compliance may be achieved
at time points prior to 336 hours, so long as it is demonstrated that emissions have already peaked.
7.2 revised December 30, 2014
DECEMBER 30, 2014 UL 2818 9
Table 7.2.1
Table 7.2.1 revised December 30, 2014
Individual VOCs1 ≤1/100 TLV and ≤1/2 CA chronic REL (Office Seating: ≤1/100
TLV and ≤1/4 CA chronic REL)
Formaldehyde ≤0.0073 ppm/7.3 ppb (Office Seating: ≤0.00365 ppm/3.65 ppb)
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinine2 ≤0.16 mg/m3(Office Seating: ≤0.08 mg/m3)
Total VOCs 3 ≤0.22 mg/m3
Total Aldehydes 4 ≤0.043 ppm/43 ppb
PM105(≤ 10µm) ≤0.02 mg/m3
1Any VOC not listed must produce an air concentration level no greater than 1/100 the Threshold Limit Value (TLV) industrial
work place standard (Reference: American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists, 6500 Glenway, Building D-7,
Cincinnati, Ohio 45211-4438) and no greater than 1/2 the CA Chronic Reference Exposure Level (CREL) (http://
www.oehha.ca.gov/air/ AllChrels.html - (CRELs) Adopted by the State of California Office of Environmental Health Hazard
Assessment (OEHHA)) as required per the State of CA DPH’s CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.1 “Standard Method for the
Testing and Evaluation of Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions From Indoor Sources Using Environmental Chambers Version
1.1” dated February 2010,Table 4-1.
2Defined to be the total response of measured VOCs falling within the C6 – C16 range, with responses calibrated to a toluene
surrogate.
3Defined to be the total response of measured VOCs falling within the C6 – C16 range, with responses calibrated to a toluene
surrogate.
4The sum of all measured normal aldehydes from formaldehyde through nonanal, plus benzaldehyde, individually calibrated to a
compound specific standard. Heptanal through nonanal are measured via TD/GC/MS analysis and the remaining aldehydes are
measured using HPLC/UV analysis.
5Particles applicable to fibrous, particle-releasing products with exposed surface area in air streams (a forced air test with
specific test method) and for wood finishing (sanding) systems.
Table 7.2.2
Table 7.2.2 revised December 30, 2014
INDIVIDUAL VOCS Open Plan Criteria Private Office Criteria

CAS # CHEMICAL (µg/m2hr) (µg/m2hr)
1634-04-4 Methyl-tert-butyl ether 2762 5569
50-00-0 Formaldehyde 6.2 23
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride 14 28
75-35-4 1,1-Dichloroethylene 24 49
78-59-1 Isophorone 691 1,392
Total VOCs 152 306
Total Aldehydes (µmol/m2hr) 1.2 2.4
10 UL 2818 DECEMBER 30, 2014
DECEMBER 30, 2014 UL 2818 A1
Appendix A
Product Types held to Full Levels:
Insulation, Wall Finishes, Flooring, Paints and Coatings, Wood Finishes, Building Construction Materials,
Countertops, Casework, Adhesives/Sealants, Ceiling Systems, Doors, Air Filters, Textiles, Visual Display
Products, Window Treatments, Workstation Systems, Classroom Furniture, Residential Furniture and
Movable Walls
Product Types held to Half Levels:
Component Materials (upholstery, furniture construction adhesives, furniture panel textiles, surfacing
materials and furniture insulation), Mattresses, Bedding and, Seating Units
Product Types held to Emission Factor Criteria:
Individual Furniture Items, Component Assemblies
A2 UL 2818 DECEMBER 30, 2014

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UL 2818

First Edition, Dated March 29, 2013

No Text on This Page

GREENGUARD Certification Program For Chemical Emissions For

March 29, 2013

Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Document may be

COPYRIGHT © 2017 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.

No Text on This Page

Suitability for Certification

6.2 Office Environment

6.3 Educational Environment

6.4 Residential Environment

6.5 Summary Table

Parameter Office Furniture Open Classroom GREENGUARD GREENGUARD

Table 7.1 revised March 14, 2014

Parameter Full Concentration Half Concentration Emission Factor Levels1

specific test method) and for wood finishing (sanding) systems.

specific test method) and for wood finishing (sanding) systems.

INDIVIDUAL VOCS Open Plan Criteria Private Office Criteria

No Text on This Page

Product Types held to Full Levels:

Product Types held to Emission Factor Criteria:

Individual Furniture Items, Component Assemblies

No Text on This Page

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