İNGİLİZCE (FEN BİLİMLERİ)

2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A

A
4. It is difficult for scientists to measure the
1 - 20. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan mass balance of ice sheets manually; -------,
yerlere uygun düşen sözcük ya da ifadeyi satellite images of the ice sheets can track
bulunuz. their growth and recession over the years.

A) however
B) for instance
C) otherwise
D) likewise
E) moreover

1. Though other factors contribute to the

decline of species, climate change is a main
threat because it occurs ------- rapidly for
them ------- successfully adapt.

A) as / as
B) rather / than
5. In 1990, the discovery that the universe is
C) too / to still expanding was unexpected ------- it was
D) as well / as thought that its expansion had come to an
E) so / that end long ago.

A) provided
B) though
C) so that
D) besides
E) since

2. Today, the Internet ------- access to public and

private biological databases that ------- the
work of thousands of biotech researchers
around the world.
6. Toxic substances are chemicals that cause
A) will provide / were supporting damage ------- living organisms as a result
B) provided / would support ------- immediate or long-term exposure.
C) would provide / supported A) of / for
D) provides / support B) to / of
E) had provided / have supported C) on/ with
D) in / at
E) at / in

3. The digitalisation of cultural heritage is one 7. In the past few years, there have been great
of the main ------- facing European museums advances in the field of machine learning,
and other cultural institutions. ------- in Artificial Intelligence.

A) temperatures A) accidentally
B) challenges B) carefully
C) invitations C) hardly
D) elections D) especially
E) anniversaries E) politely

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
8. People are concerned about nuclear waste 12. Thomas Young was born in 1773 and is
because of its long-term effects, but much described as a 'polymath' because he
------- waste in the form of plastic also lasts contributed to many scientific fields ------- his
for quite a long time. extensive research related to colour vision.

A) communicative A) in case
B) healthy B) otherwise
C) domestic C) in addition to
D) temporary D) so that
E) strange E) even though

13. Toothpicks, which are generally used after

eating, are highly effective for cleaning -------
teeth ------- gums.

A) neither / or
9. ------- science fiction shows and movies like B) such / that
Star Trek and Star Wars make space travel
look very easy, the reality is quite different. C) more / than
D) but / also
A) Although E) both / and
B) Because
C) When
D) Unless
E) Since

14. Air pollution often travels to areas that do not

produce significant amounts of pollution
themselves; -------, monitoring air pollution
has become a major problem for many
10. A new theory claims that the cosmos is full of authorities.
unseen particle families ------- do not interact
with each other. A) just as
B) for example
A) whose
C) however
B) in which
D) therefore
C) where
E) in contrast
D) when
E) that

15. The La Braña-Arintero site ------- by chance in

11. Habitat ------- a broad term that we use to 2006 by Julio Manuel Vidal Encinas, an
describe the surroundings or conditions archaeologist of the Council of Castilla y
where any given organism -------. León.

A) has been / lived A) has been discovered

B) is / lives B) was discovering
C) had been / had lived C) has discovered
D) was / has lived D) was discovered
E) will be / would live E) discovered

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
16. Ever since the hydrogen bomb -------, 19. Bees pollinate crops, and ------- we want to
attempts ------- to harness the power of transfer pollen from flower to flower by hand,
nuclear fusion for peaceful purposes. we need to protect them.

A) is invented / had been made A) when

B) has been invented / will be made B) unless
C) was invented / have been made C) if
D) will be invented / were made D) while
E) had been invented / are made E) once

17. Different regions and economic sectors in

the world are currently ------- the impact of
climate change in various ways.

A) getting off
B) calling back
C) dealing with
D) sending out
E) running by

20. Experts from Montana University are

18. Modern science ------- answers to many of our studying microorganisms which have been
fundamental questions about the universe living under the ice of Antarctica ------- the
and our place within it. last 500,000 years.

A) offers A) since
B) causes B) after
C) consumes C) before
D) happens D) for
E) disappears E) once

3
2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
23.
21 - 25. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen A) For example
sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. B) In contrast
C) Nevertheless
D) Moreover
Team work usually occurs in species that live in
family groups and ---21--- each other as a E) However
consequence of genetic relatedness. Working
together ---22--- many benefits to an individual,
when hunting both small and large prey. ---23---,
lions work together to bring down larger prey. As
for marine animals like dolphins, they may
coordinate ---24--- movements to herd many prey
into a small area. Animals have developed these
strategies in order to make prey easier ---25---
catch.

21.
24.
A) had assisted
B) assist A) both
B) much
C) are assisted
C) its
D) were assisted
D) that
E) assisted
E) their

22. 25.
A) avoids A) for
B) becomes B) to
C) ignores C) on
D) happens D) at
E) provides E) of

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
28.
26 - 30. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada
numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen A) external
sözcük ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. B) sociable
C) appropriate
D) dreadful
Physics is an experimental science. Physicists E) informal
observe the phenomena of nature and try to find
patterns ---26--- relate these phenomena. These
patterns are called physical theories or, ---27---
they are very well established and widely used,
physical laws or principles. Physicists have to
ask appropriate questions, carry out experiments
to try to answer the questions, and draw ---28---
conclusions from the results. Physics is not
simply a collection of facts; it is also the process
by which we arrive at general principles that
describe how the physical universe behaves. No
theory is regarded as the final truth. It is in the
nature of physical theory that we can ---29--- a
theory by finding behaviour that is inconsistent
with it. ---30---, we can never prove beyond
question that a theory is undoubtedly correct.

29.
A) exploit
26. B) require
A) in which C) disprove
B) when D) remain
C) where E) involve
D) which
E) what

27. 30.
A) when A) In other words
B) much as B) Such as
C) even if C) As though
D) until D) In contrast
E) unless E) Otherwise

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
34. While animals such as whales have larger
31 - 41. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun brains by weight, -------.
şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) a baby whale uses up much more energy
while growing up
B) the human brain is the largest relative to the
size of its owner’s body
C) such a small body may be a great
advantage to move while in danger
31. Biological activity in soil slows down or D) its brain consumes a large amount of energy
stops -------. while sending information
E) a special feature of the human brain is its
A) when oil spills were experienced in the
need for energy
ocean
B) because soil is regarded as static and
inactive
C) after vegetation had started to regenerate
itself in spring
D) so the moon’s influence on the tide was
dramatic
E) if the soil becomes too cold or too dry

35. Even though bacteria have a bad reputation

for causing disease, -------.

A) more bacteria have become resistant to

treatment
B) yet various antitoxins have been used to
treat infections
C) in reality, very few species of bacteria infect
32. Although the world produces enough food to
humans
feed its population, -------.
D) bacterial disease can have several serious
A) nearly one billion people do not have outcomes
enough to eat E) it is not used to kill the harmful bacteria in
B) that eating genetically modified food is a humans
concern especially for children
C) yet industrial agriculture helps increase the
global crop
D) socioeconomic methods should be applied
to stop this problem
E) poor nutrition is no longer the leading health
risk worldwide

36. Scientists have designed a nano crystal 500

times smaller than a human hair -------.

A) because a laser could be used in order to

project a holographic image in modern
displays
B) since the old ones could perform much
33. Because Bennu, the asteroid, regularly better
passes relatively near to Earth -------. C) if they are used in anti-counterfeit devices in
bank notes, and in some medical
A) it has not been studied thoroughly yet
applications
B) it is nearly impossible to analyse them
D) that turns darkness into visible light and
C) scientists cannot understand how they occur could be used to create night-vision glasses
D) astronomers can study its orbit closely E) in case they involve the study of behaviour
E) they travel more than a million kilometres of light and interaction of objects with light

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
37. -------, most aerospace companies devote 40. -------; for instance, they constructed bridges
their resources to improving existing to make travelling easier.
products.
A) The cities of the Romans had large
A) Although development of a new flight populations and impressive public houses
vehicle might take a decade or more B) Historians estimate that ninety percent of
B) Since they design wings or body surfaces to the population lived in the country
make the craft faster C) Ancient Rome was situated on seven hills
C) After engineers subject a new model of the and its monumental public buildings
aircraft to tests in a wind tunnel D) The Romans displayed remarkable skill in
D) Because the cost of developing new flight building and engineering
vehicles is so high E) Ancient Rome ruled a vast empire with a
E) Even before computer-aided design enabled small civil service
engineers to test designs

38. We will not be able to meet the climate

warming goals set by the Paris Agreement
-------.

A) as long as emission-reducing technologies

spread globally at incredible speeds
B) unless we speed up the spread of clean
technology immediately
C) since we have long supported scientific
advances in these fields
D) although global emissions of these gases
have recently gone up significantly
E) because the institutions have already
improved their experimental techniques

39. ------- as well as an increase in blood 41. ------- as they will be able to store energy from
pressure, respiration and heart rate. wind and solar power.

A) Neuroscience had already become the A) Future electrodes will not be very useful and
fastest growing discipline efficient
B) The rush of adrenaline causes a sudden B) The faster recharging lithium battery has
release of glucose disappeared
C) One of the basic requirements is certain C) New generations of lithium batteries will be
coded information very popular
D) A new system for diagnosing increase in D) Storing electrical energy quickly has not
blood pressure has been designed been achieved
E) Information is sent effectively around the E) It was recently discovered by a group of
nervous system students

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
44. A growing body of scientific studies indicate
42 - 47. sorularda, verilen İngilizce that following the Mediterranean diet can
cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi help slow memory loss.
bulunuz.
A) Hafıza kaybını önlemeye yardımcı olduğu
için Akdeniz diyetini uygulamanın gerekliliği
bilimsel çalışmalarda ortaya konmuştur.
B) Artan sayıda bilimsel çalışma Akdeniz
diyetini uygulamanın hafıza kaybını
yavaşlatmaya yardımcı olabildiğini
göstermektedir.
C) Bilim insanları tarafından yapılan çalışmalar
Akdeniz diyetini uygulayan bireylerde hafıza
kaybının yaşanmadığını göstermektedir.
42. The real reason cats avoid water is that their D) Çok sayıda çalışma, yaşlılıkta Akdeniz
fur becomes soaked and loses its protecting
diyetini uygulamanın olası hafıza kaybını
property.
yavaşlattığını göstermektedir.
A) Kedilerin sudan kaçınmasının asıl nedeni E) Artan sayıda çalışmada işaret edildiği gibi
kürklerinin ıslanması ve koruyucu özelliğini Akdeniz diyetini uygulamak hafıza kaybını
yitirmesidir. büyük ölçüde yavaşlatmaktadır.
B) Kürklerinin koruyucu özelliğini tamamen
bozduğu için kediler sudan kaçınırlar.
C) Kediler sudan kaçınırlar; çünkü su,
kürklerinin koruyucu özelliğini tamamen
bozar.
D) Kedilerin sudan kaçınmasının nedenlerinden
biri de kürklerinin koruyucu özelliğini
yitirmesidir.
E) Kürklerinin ıslanması ve koruyucu özelliğini
yitirmesi kedilerin sudan korkmasının sebebi
olabilir.

45. Fossilized 21-million-year-old monkey teeth

found on the Panama Canal are the most
43. Because they are more elastic than metals significant evidence of the presence of
like steel, the use of composite materials in mammals in North America.
train construction is still a debated issue in
terms of safety. A) Panama Kanalı’nda bulunan 21 milyon
yaşındaki fosilleşmiş maymun dişleri, Kuzey
A) Çelik gibi metallerden daha esnek Amerika’daki memeli varlığının en önemli
olmadıkları için, kompozit malzemelerin tren kanıtıdır.
yapımında kullanımı, güvenlik açısından B) Panama Kanalı’nda ilk kez bulunan 21
tartışmaya açık bir konudur. milyon yaşındaki fosilleşmiş maymun dişleri,
B) Kompozit malzemelerin tren yapımında Kuzey Amerika’daki memeli varlığının
kullanımının en önemli sebeplerinden biri, önemli bir kanıtıdır.
çelik gibi metallerden daha esnek olmasıdır. C) 21 milyon yaşındaki fosilleşmiş maymun
C) Çelik gibi metaller esnek oldukları için, dişleri, Kuzey Amerika’da yaşamış olan ilkel
kompozit malzemelerin tren yapımında türler hakkında önemli ipuçları vermektedir.
kullanımı uzun zamandır tartışılmaktadır. D) Panama Kanalı civarında bulunan 21 milyon
D) Kompozit malzemeler, çelik gibi metallerden yaşındaki maymun dişleri, ilk memelilerin
daha esnek olsalar da, tren yapımında Kuzey Amerika’da yaşadıklarının önemli bir
kullanımı, güvenlik açısından sakıncalıdır. işaretidir.
E) Çelik gibi metallerden daha esnek oldukları E) Kuzey Amerika’daki Panama Kanalı’nda
için, kompozit malzemelerin tren yapımında şans eseri bulunan 21 milyon yaşındaki
kullanımı, güvenlik açısından hâlâ tartışılan maymun dişleri, ilk memeli varlığının en
bir konudur. önemli kanıtı kabul edilir.

8
2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
46. The United Nations defines biotechnology as
any technological application that uses 48 - 53. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye
biological systems to make or modify anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi
products. bulunuz.

A) Biyoteknoloji, çeşitli ürünleri yapmak için

biyolojik sistemleri kullanan her türlü
teknolojik uygulama olarak karşımıza
çıkmaktadır.
B) Birleşmiş Milletlere göre, biyolojik sistem
teknolojisi, birçok ürünü yapmak ve
değiştirmek için geliştirilen önemli bir
teknolojik uygulamadır. 48. Modern bilimin kökleri Avrupa’da 1500-1750
C) Birleşmiş Milletler, biyoteknolojiyi, birtakım yılları arasında gerçekleşen hızlı bilimsel
biyolojik ürünleri yapmak için kullanılan gelişmelerde yatar.
teknolojik bir uygulama olarak
tanımlamaktadır. A) Modern science emerged thanks to rapid
scientific developments that occurred in
D) Biyoteknoloji, ürünleri yapmak ve Europe between roughly 1500 and 1750.
değiştirmek için Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından
B) The principles of modern science can be
da kullanan teknolojik bir uygulama olarak
traced back to a period between 1500 and
sınıflandırılabilir.
1750 which witnessed significant
E) Birleşmiş Milletler, biyoteknolojiyi, ürünleri developments.
yapmak ya da değiştirmek için biyolojik
C) A period of scientific development that
sistemleri kullanan her türlü teknolojik
occurred in Europe between 1500 and 1750
uygulama olarak tanımlamaktadır.
is considered to be the origins of modern
science.
D) The origins of modern science lie in rapid
scientific developments that occurred in
Europe between 1500 and 1750.
E) Modern science was born out of significant
scientific developments that took place in
Europe between roughly 1500 and 1750.

49. Mühendislerden sadece işlerini yetkin bir

şekilde yerine getirmeleri değil, aynı
zamanda mühendisliğin ahlaki ve toplumsal
47. One of the effects of deforestation, which etkilerinin de farkında olmaları
accelerated in the late 20th century, is the beklenmektedir.
disappearance of many plant and animal
species. A) Engineers should not only perform their
work competently, but consider almost all
A) 20. yüzyılın sonlarında ortaya çıkan orman ethical and social aspects of their profession
kaybının etkilerinin başında bazı bitki ve as well.
hayvan türlerinin yok olması gelir. B) Engineers are expected to perform their
B) Birçok bitki ve hayvan türünün ortadan work competently so that social issues of
kaybolması, 20. yüzyılda meydana gelen engineering can be handled appropriately.
orman kaybının açık sonucudur. C) Engineers’ primary duty is that they should
C) 20. yüzyılın sonlarındaki orman kaybı, bitki be competent and aware of the ethical and
ve hayvan türlerinin ortadan kaybolmasının social effects of engineering.
başlıca nedenidir. D) Engineers are supposed to perform their
D) 20. yüzyılda hızlanan orman kaybının work competently and to know the ethical
önemli etkilerinden biri, bitki ve hayvan and social effects of their decisions.
sayısının önemli ölçüde azalmasıdır. E) Engineers are expected not only to perform
E) 20. yüzyılın sonlarında hızlanan orman their work competently but also to be aware
kaybının etkilerinden biri, birçok bitki ve of the ethical and social effects of
hayvan türünün yok olmasıdır. engineering.

9
2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
50. Kızıl sincaplar, sonbaharda hatırlaması kolay 52. Evlerde kömür kullanımı da azaltılmadıkça,
yerlere gömdükleri yiyecek depolarına Çin’in enerji santrallerinden karbon
güvendikleri için kış uykusuna yatmazlar. salınımını azaltma planları çok etkili
olmayabilir.
A) As they rely on the caches of food they
buried in easy-to-remember sites in autumn, A) China’s plans to reduce emissions from
red squirrels do not hibernate. power plants will not be effective as long as
B) Relying on the food they buried in specific the household use of coal is encouraged.
sites in autumn may cause red squirrels not B) China’s plans to reduce emissions from
to hibernate. power plants may not be effective if the use
C) Because red squirrels do not hibernate, they of health-damaging coal is also reduced.
usually bury the caches of food in C) If household use of coal is also reduced,
easy-to-remember sites. China’s plans to reduce emissions from
D) Red squirrels bury the caches of food in an power plants will have significant effects.
easy-to-remember site in autumn in order D) China’s plans to reduce harmful emissions
not to hibernate. from power plants will not be very effective if
E) Red squirrels cannot hibernate; as a result, people keep using coal for heating.
they have to bury their food in E) As long as the household use of coal is not
easy-to-remember sites in autumn. also reduced, China’s plans to reduce
carbon emission from power plants may not
be very effective.

53. 2017 yılında yayımlanan bir rapora göre,

Avrupa’daki kirlenmiş toprak miktarının 2025
51. Gerekli türbinlerin kurulum maliyeti, rüzgâr yılına kadar %50 artması beklenmektedir.
gücünün yaygın kullanımının önünde her
zaman bir engel olmuştur. A) A report of 2017 suggested that the total
amount of polluted soil in Europe is
A) Despite the installation cost of necessary estimated to increase by nearly 50% in
turbines being inexpensive, wind power has 2025.
never become widespread. B) According to a number of reports issued in
B) The installation cost of necessary turbines 2017, the amount of polluted soil is
has always been an obstacle to the considered to increase nearly by 50% in
widespread use of wind power. 2025.
C) Wind power has always been considered C) According to a report issued in 2017, the
too expensive due to the installation cost of amount of polluted soil in Europe is
necessary turbines. expected to increase by 50% by 2025.
D) The high installation cost of necessary D) In 2017, certain reports stated that the
turbines for wind power has hardly stopped surface area of polluted soil in Europe will
us from using it widely. have increased by up to 50% by 2025.
E) The widespread use of wind power has E) A report issued in 2017 stated that the
slowed down because of the high surface area of polluted soil in Europe will
installation cost of necessary turbines. probably increase by 50% by 2025.

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
55. Concorde, the fastest passenger aircraft of
54 - 59. sorularda, parçada anlam its time, cruised at speeds of over 2,180
bütünlüğünü sağlamak için boş bırakılan kilometres per hour – twice the speed of
yerlere getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz. sound. At half that speed, it would break the
sound barrier, generating an enormous
double sonic boom that could be heard for
miles. This incredibly loud noise led to a
worldwide ban on continental supersonic
flights. -------. To achieve this, it has
announced plans to develop a 'low boom'
aircraft, which generates a soft thump as it
breaks the sound barrier, rather than a
disruptive boom.

A) Scientists used to work on a project to stop

shockwaves generated by supersonic
aircrafts
B) Shockwaves move away from the aircraft in
all directions and travel at the speed of
sound
C) In 2016, a group of engineers wanted to
start a new spacecraft project, but they
could not afford it
D) Now, NASA hopes to bring back supersonic
passenger air travel by making flights
greener, safer and quieter
E) These factors contributed to the aircraft’s
unexpected worldwide failure at the
beginning of 2000

56. The oyster has a hard outer wall known as a

mantle, which covers and protects certain
54. Soyuz is the oldest spacecraft still in organs. When an intruder such as a grain of
operation. -------. Since then, this spacecraft sand enters an oyster’s shell, it irritates the
has carried more people to orbit and back oyster. Therefore, the oyster promptly covers
than any other spacecraft. While not immune the foreign object with a mineral substance
to its own set of disasters and setbacks, called nacre. The oyster coats it with more
Soyuz is nevertheless the safest and most and more nacre until it forms a pearl. -------.
cost-effective spacecraft ever built. As of Pearl 'farmers' can harvest pearls by
2018, it is the only way to get warm bodies up triggering this response by inserting a grain
to the International Space Station and back, of sand into the shell.
and is used by both the Russians and the
Americans. A) But oysters can produce pearls in a very
short period of time
A) A parachute failure caused the module to B) For example, producing pearls in this way
crash helps them to expand their life spans
B) It might be used as an emergency ferry at all C) Recently, biologists have found that oysters
times produce nacre from their shells
C) Some astronauts complain that it has D) So, the ecosystem where species like
become old-fashioned oysters live is still in danger of being
D) It was built by the Korolyov Design Bureau polluted
in the 1960s E) The shiny spheres are thus actually the
E) Americans plan to land on Mars before 2020 product of an immune response

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
57. The field of electric power is concerned with 59. -------. Scientists have discovered ways in
the design and operation of systems for which these signals can be picked up by
generating, transmitting, and distributing sensors and sent wirelessly to other
electric power. -------. One of these is the electrical devices, making it possible for a
ability to transmit power at extremely high person to move or alter objects by thought
voltages in both the direct current and alone. Most research in this field is directed
alternating current modes, reducing power toward developing devices to help people
losses. Another is the real-time digital with nervous-system injuries regain the use
control of power generation, transmission, of paralyzed limbs. The technology has also
and distribution, thereby optimizing the been picked up by some computer-game
efficiency of the system while it is in manufacturers, who have produced games
operation. that can be played using thought power.

A) Electronics and electric power have chosen A) As biotechnology advances, it generates

different paths as they have developed ethical and social issues as well
B) Throughout history, man-made objects have B) To many scientists, it seems hard to develop
played an important part in civilizations systems that are as flexible as the human
C) Engineers working in this field have made brain
several developments since the 1970s C) Software can now compete on even terms
D) The principle of electromagnetic induction with the best chess players
was discovered by Michael Faraday in 1831 D) When a person is thinking, the brain
E) Information is now generated, transmitted, produces electrical signals
received, and stored electronically E) However, computer game manufacturers
use these advances

58. Sound is stored in one of two basic ways,

called formats. The first format stores sound
in a form that resembles the original sound
wave and is known as analogue recording.
-------. The second format is digital recording
which represents a sound wave as a series of
numbers. Computer drives use the position
of magnetic particles to define these
numbers. A number of digital formats exist,
and they determine the quality of the
recorded sound, and the number of channels
of sound playback.

A) The term 'format' is also used to describe

the number of channels, or streams of
sound
B) This format is called analogue because the
form of the sound wave in the recording is
analogous to the original waveform
C) Two of the most common formats are
monaural, or mono, and stereophonic, or
stereo
D) When they are played, the sounds from
these two separate channels combine in the
air
E) They were really popular in the 1970s,
mainly because they were easy to access
then

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
61. (I) One of the most important types of
60 - 65. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla acceleration is the acceleration caused by
okunduğunda parçanın anlam gravity. (II) The history of the universe is
bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz. essentially a story about the interplay
between matter and energy. (III) Interactions
between these two began in the Big Bang (IV)
They still exist today in everything from the
microscopic moving of atoms to huge
collisions of galaxies. (V) Understanding the
universe, therefore, depends on becoming
familiar with how matter responds to the flow
of energy.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

62. (I) Ancient people used various methods to

preserve food for a long time. (II) Making
60. (I) The literal meaning of carnivorous is 'meat cucumber pickles is a long process with two
eating'. (II) When this definition is applied to stages. (III) First, the salt in the vinegar mix
plants, it evokes visions of snarling green takes the water out of the cucumbers. (IV)
jaws snapping at nearby animal life. (III) Second, good lactobacilli bacteria already
Although the vision is vivid, it is not in living on the cucumbers convert sugars into
keeping with reality. (IV) Most plants are lactic acid, which preserves the produce and
cunning in their means of entrapping animal adds spiciness. (V) A clean cloth or
prey and have evolved sophisticated means cheesecloth secured with a rubber band
of digesting it. (V) Common names used for vents gases from fermentation and forms a
plants can be confusing because the same barrier to mold and harmful bacteria, and
plant may be called by different names in after a couple weeks in the jar, the fermented
different geographic areas. pickles are ready.

A) I A) I
B) II B) II
C) III C) III
D) IV D) IV
E) V E) V

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
63. (I) Most graphics systems provide a 65. (I) Most meditation is done sitting down in
keyboard and at least one other input device. special postures, such as the full or half lotus
(II) The most common input devices are the in which both feet, or just one foot, rests on
mouse, the joystick, and the data tablet. (III) the opposite thigh. (II) However, many people
Each provides positional information to the meditate in simpler positions, using firm
system, and each usually is equipped with cushions, or sitting on a low bench with their
one or more buttons to provide signals to the feet tucked underneath. (III) In meditation
processor. (IV) They are often called pointing there are always two dangers; either
devices and they allow a user to indicate a becoming drowsy and falling asleep, or
particular location on the display. (V) They becoming agitated by distracting thoughts or
need to create new games for game fans discomfort. (IV) There is nothing magical
regularly. about these positions. (V) They all have the
same aim; to provide a posture that is both
A) I relaxed and alert.
B) II
A) I
C) III
B) II
D) IV
C) III
E) V
D) IV
E) V

64. (I) The most basic motions of Earth are its

daily rotation and its yearly orbit around the
Sun. (II) Our entire solar system is actually
on a very long journey within the Milky Way
Galaxy. (III) It rotates once each day around
its axis, which is the imaginary line
connecting the North Pole to the South Pole.
(IV) As viewed from above the North Pole, the
movement is counter clockwise. (V) Although
we do not feel any obvious effects from
Earth’s rotation, the speed of it is
substantial.

A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
67. According to the text, some people were
66 - 68. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya against the installation of a barrier since
göre cevaplayınız. -------.

A) the project required structural change in the

Since its construction, at least 1300 people have bridge and brought additional cost
killed themselves by jumping off the Golden Gate B) suicide from the bridge was neither possible
Bridge in San Francisco. In 1940, the Board of nor probable as the bridge was difficult to
Directors discussed an “anti-suicide screen” but climb
decided against it. In 2008, they voted 14 to 1 to C) it would prevent the public from noticing
install a stainless steel net but this time serious people who were about to commit suicide
public disagreement led to a cancellation in
D) people who were stopped when they were
construction. While the proponents of the project
about to end their lives would usually seek
tended to disregard aesthetic considerations,
psychological help
those against the barrier believed the bridge had
always been praised for its transparency and any E) they believed people had free will and one
barrier design would destroy the view. In should not interfere with people’s decisions
addition, opponents claimed a suicide barrier to end their own lives
would not be effective, since people who wanted
to kill themselves would simply go somewhere
else. However, those favouring the project
claimed most suicidal people act on an impulse
and, when prevented from actually killing
themselves, often seek help instead of ending
their lives. When it came to financial concerns,
the barrier did not seem worth the costs to the
opponents, whereas the proponents reacted by
saying the value of a human life cannot be
expressed in monetary terms.

66. It is clear from the text that -------.

A) state authorities agreed to install anti-suicide 68. The text is mainly about -------.
netting but they could not afford it
B) there has been no agreement on the best A) contradictory viewpoints regarding the
way to address suicide attempts at the Golden Gate Bridge suicide barrier
Golden Gate Bridge B) an inquiry into the pros and cons of the
C) the bridge is under construction now despite construction of the Golden Gate Bridge
some opponents C) cost-benefit and risk analysis prior to the
D) a great number of people had been construction of a bridge in San Francisco
prevented from committing suicide by 2008 D) the cost of redesigning bridges for public
E) the authorities inspected some other bridges use in the city of San Francisco
with similar designs before reaching a E) social and ethical issues that arose during
verdict construction of the Golden Gate Bridge

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
70. It is stated in the text that the reason for the
69 - 71. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya change in the salt content of seas is that
göre cevaplayınız. -------.

A) more fresh water will flow into the seas due

An increase in temperature of a few degrees to melting polar ice
might not sound so bad, but small changes in B) the water in seas will evaporate, causing
average temperature can lead to much more storms and hurricanes
dramatic changes in climate patterns. These C) some regions like the Caribbean are likely to
changes will cause some regions to warm much get much more rain
more than the average, while other regions may D) endangered species in polar regions will
cool. Polar regions will warm the most, causing become extinct
polar ice to melt. This is clearly threatening to the
species of these regions, but it also warms the E) climate patterns across the world may cause
oceans everywhere and changes their salt certain regions to get cooler
content as melting ice pours fresh water into the
sea. The fact that the waters of the Gulf of
Mexico are at their warmest level in at least a
century may be contributing to the greater
strength of hurricanes that have recently blown
out of the Caribbean. More generally, overall
warming of the atmosphere will increase
evaporation from the oceans, leading to
numerous and intense storms; ironically, this
means that global warming could mean more
severe winter blizzards.

69. It is clear from the text that -------.

71. The text is mainly about -------.
A) because of the change in temperature, most
areas will become desert-like A) to what extent increases in temperature are
B) low temperature is a sign of disasters such affecting marine life
as hurricanes B) how the Gulf of Mexico is affected by an
C) some areas are warmer because of the increase in temperature
increase in the salt level in seas C) climate change and its influence on animals
D) even the slightest changes in temperature in polar regions
can affect climate patterns D) how we can help protect the environment
E) a few degrees’ increase in temperature is E) the consequences of changes in
better than a decrease temperatures across the world

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
73. We understand from the text that -------.
72 - 74. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya
göre cevaplayınız. A) the terminology used for self-driving cars is
widely agreed upon
B) few people think driving is an easy task to
Driving is a much more complex activity than execute
most people think. It involves a wide range of C) there is still a long way to go before we can
skills and actions. Some of them are easier to switch to fully automated cars
automate than others. Maintaining speed on an D) the production of smart cars will have to end
open road is simple, which is why standard before long
cruise control systems have been doing it
automatically for a long time. Besides E) the safety of modern car systems is still
lane-keeping systems, adaptive cruise control under debate
systems that keep proper speed and spacing
behind other vehicles are also widely available.
However, it will be an enormous jump from such
systems to fully automated driving, which is still
something we can only have in science-fiction
films. The automotive industry and the media
have made a mess of the terminology used to
talk about automated driverless systems. The
terms 'autonomous', 'driverless' and 'self-driving'
confuse more than they enlighten. To clear
things up, scientists have defined different levels
of automation. They arranged them on a ladder
of decreasing dependence on the driver.

72. According to the text, the technical terms

used by automotive manufacturers and the
press -------. 74. It is clear from the text that -------.
A) set an important safety target for automated A) cruise control systems have been used for
driving systems many years
B) cause confusion among the public about B) steering control will depend more on drivers
automated driverless systems soon
C) sound futuristic, like having your own C) steering control must be affordable for the
personal electronic chauffeur general public
D) will bring automated valet-parking systems D) lane-keeping systems will disappear in the
in the near future future
E) are only related to autopilot in specific E) governments encourage fully automated
scenarios, such as freeway traffic jams driving projects

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
76. According to the text, one of the reasons we
75 - 77. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya know the troposphere well is that it -------.
göre cevaplayınız.
A) contains the most vital ozone type
B) protects life on Earth better than the other
The ozone layer protects life on Earth, and layers
without ozone, the world as we know it would not C) extends about 50 km up from Earth’s
exist. Ozone is a key element of the atmosphere, surface
the blanket of gases surrounding our planet that
D) is much thicker than the other layers
is made up of discernable layers, which differ in
temperature, density, and gas composition. The E) contains the air we inhale and exhale
lowest level, the troposphere, extends about 11
km up from Earth’s surface. This level is familiar
to us: it is the air we breathe and where our
weather occurs. The next level in the
atmospheric blanket, the stratosphere, rises to
50 km above Earth’s surface. The stratosphere is
much less dense than the troposphere but
contains a 'layer' of ozone – abbreviated as O3
because it contains three oxygen atoms – a
region where most of the atmosphere’s ozone is
found.

75. It is clear from the text that -------. 77. We can infer from the text that-------.
A) the stratosphere has the least ozone A) the ozone layer is a single body with no
compared to the other layers discernible layers
B) the stratosphere is much closer to the Earth B) the ozone layer makes the world habitable
than the troposphere for every living species
C) the gases surrounding the Earth vary in C) weather phenomena occur in the highest
density and content level of the atmosphere
D) the layers that make up the ozone layer D) the density of the ozone layer changes
have not been fully observed seasonally
E) all the layers in the atmosphere have almost E) there are two atmospheric layers between
the same features the Earth and the troposphere

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A
A
79. According to the text, -------.
78 - 80. soruları aşağıda verilen parçaya
göre cevaplayınız. A) the form and content of our dreams are
inseparable
B) science can help prove the prophetic quality
Dreams have long been regarded as prophetic of dreaming
communications which enable us to foretell the C) our daily routine has no significant effect on
future. There is absolutely no scientific evidence the content of dreams
for this theory and considerable scientific D) concerns about traumatic events may
evidence against it. It is certainly true that determine the content of our dreams
individuals who are concerned about a traumatic
event, such as the threat of the loss of a loved E) modern science has never been interested
one who is sick, will dream about that loved one in content of dreams
more often. We know from our experiments that
it is possible to influence dream content simply
by having a subject in mind while going to sleep.
Therefore, dreaming about a loved one at a time
when that loved one’s life is threatened is not
surprising. If the dreamer then calls and finds
that the individual has died, it is understandable
for him or her to assume that the dream was an
early warning of that death. But this is a mistake.
It is simply a coincidental correspondence
between a situation about which one has
legitimate and intense concern and the
occurrence of the event that one fears.

80. From the text, we can clearly understand that

-------.
78. The text is mainly about -------.
A) most of our dreams tell us that we will lose
A) the significance of dreams in ancient one of our loved ones soon
cultures B) people who have never had sleep problems
B) why people frequently dream of their loved can have lucid dreams
ones C) some incidents may make people think
C) the association between dreams and reality dreams are indicators of a future event
D) how we can control our dreams to know D) most people can remember their dreams
about the future quite easily
E) a proven theory about dreaming and its E) there is a certain relation between mental
effects health and dreaming

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2018 YÖKDİL YAZ DÖNEMİ - A

A Grubu Cevap Anahtarı

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
C D B A E B D C A E B C E D D C C A B D

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
B E A E B D A C C A E A D B C D D B B D

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
C A E B A E E D E A B E C D D E C B D E

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
A A E B C B A A D A E B C A C E B C D C

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