MATH-MAGIC

Book 2
Textbook in Mathematics for Class II
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

2018-19
 ISBN 81-7450-679-9
First Edition
February 2007 Phalguna 1928 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

Reprinted ❑ No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval

system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic,
November 2007 Kartika 1929 mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior
permission of the publisher.
January 2009 Magha 1930 ❑ This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of
November 2009 Kartika 1931 trade, be lent, re-sold, hired out or otherwise disposed of without
the publisher’s consent, in any form of binding or cover other than
January 2012 Magha 1933 that in which it is published.
January 2013 Pausa 1934 ❑ The correct price of this publication is the price printed on this page,
November 2013 Kartika 1935 Any revised price indicated by a rubber stamp or by a sticker or by
any other means is incorrect and should be unacceptable.
November 2014 Agrahayana 1936
November 2017 Agrahayana 1939
OFFICES OF THE PUBLICATION
DIVISION, NCERT
PD 325T RK
NCERT Campus
© National Council of Educational Sri Aurobindo Marg
New Delhi 110 016 Phone : 011-26562708
Research and Training, 2007
108, 100 Feet Road
Hosdakere Halli Extension
Banashankari III Stage
Bengaluru 560 085 Phone : 080-26725740

Navjivan Trust Building

P.O.Navjivan
Ahmedabad 380 014 Phone : 079-27541446

CWC Campus
Opp. Dhankal Bus Stop
Panihati
Kolkata 700 114 Phone : 033-25530454

CWC Complex
Maligaon
Guwahati 781 021 Phone : 0361-2674869

` 55.00

Publication Team
Head, Publication : M. Siraj Anwar
Division

Chief Editor : Shveta Uppal

Chief Business : Gautam Ganguly

Printed on 80 GSM paper with NCERT Manager
watermark
Chief Production : Arun Chitkara
Published at the Publication Division by Officer (Incharge)
the Secretary, National Council of
Educational Research and Training,
Editor : Bijnan Sutar
Sri Aurobindo Marg, New Delhi 110 016
and printed at Work Station System (P.)
Ltd., Plot No. 35, Sector-H, Industrial Production Assistant : Prakash Veer Singh
Area, Govindpura, Bhopal - 462023 (MP).

2018-19
 FOREWORD
The National Curriculum Framework (NCF), 2005, recommends that children’s life
at school must be linked to their life outside the school. This principle marks a
departure from the legacy of bookish learning which continues to shape our system
and causes a gap between the school, home and community. The syllabi and
textbooks developed on the basis of NCF signify an attempt to implement this basic
idea. They also attempt to discourage rote learning and the maintenance of sharp
boundaries between different subject areas. We hope these measures will take us
significantly further in the direction of a child-centred system of education outlined
in the National Policy on Education (1986).
The success of this effort depends on the steps that school principals and
teachers will take to encourage children to reflect on their own learning and to
pursue imaginative activities and questions. We must recognise that given space,
time and freedom, children generate new knowledge by engaging with the
information passed on to them by adults. Treating the prescribed textbook as the
sole basis of examination is one of the key reasons why other resources and sites of
learning are ignored. Inculcating creativity and initiative is possible if we perceive
and treat children as participants in learning, not as receivers of a fixed body of
knowledge.
These aims imply considerable change in school routines and mode of
functioning. Flexibility in the daily time-table is as necessary as rigour in
implementing the annual calendar so that the required number of teaching days
are actually devoted to teaching. The methods used for teaching and evaluation will
also determine how effective this textbook proves for making children’s life at
school a happy experience, rather than a source of stress or boredom. Syllabus
designers have tried to address the problem of curricular burden by restructuring
and reorienting knowledge at different stages with greater consideration for child
psychology and the time available for teaching. The textbook attempts to enhance
this endeavour by giving higher priority and space to opportunities for
contemplation and wondering, discussion in small groups, and activities requiring
hands-on experience.
National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) appreciates
the hard work done by the Textbook Development Committee responsible for this
book. We wish to thank the Chairperson of the Advisory Committee, Professor Anita
Rampal and the Chief Advisor for this book, Professor Amitabha Mukherjee for
guiding the work of this committee. Several teachers contributed to the
development of this textbook; we are grateful to their principals for making this
possible. We are indebted to the institutions and organisations which have
generously permitted us to draw upon their resources, material and personnel. We
are especially grateful to the members of the National Monitoring Committee,
appointed by the Department of Secondary and Higher Education, Ministry of
Human Resource Development under the Chairpersonship of Professor Mrinal Miri
and Professor G.P. Deshpande, for their valuable time and contribution. As an
organisation committed to the systemic reform and continuous improvement in
the quality of its products, NCERT welcomes comments and suggestions which will
enable us to undertake further revision and refinement.
Director
New Delhi National Council of Educational
20 November 2006 Research and Training

2018-19
2018-19
 TEXTBOOK DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE

CHAIRPERSON, ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR TEXTBOOKS AT THE PRIMARY LEVEL

Anita Rampal, Professor, Department of Education, Delhi University, Delhi

CHIEF ADVISOR
Amitabha Mukherjee, Director, Centre for Science Education and Communication (CSEC),
Delhi University, Delhi

MEMBERS
Anita Rampal, Professor, Department of Education, Delhi University, Delhi
Asha Kala, Primary Teacher, MCD School, Krishi Vihar, G.K. Part I, New Delhi
Asmita Varma, Primary Teacher, Navyug School, Lodhi Road, New Delhi
Bhavna, Lecturer, DEE, Gargi College, New Delhi
Dharam Parkash, Professor, CIET, NCERT, New Delhi
Hema Batra, Primary Teacher, CRPF Public School, Rohini, Delhi
Jyoti Sethi, Primary Teacher, The Srijan School, Model Town, Delhi
Kanika Sharma, Primary Teacher, Kulachi Hansraj Model School, Ashok Vihar, Delhi
Prakasan V.K., Lecturer, DIET, Malappuram, Tirur, Kerala
Preeti Chadha Sadh, Primary Teacher, Basic School, CIE, Delhi University, Delhi
Suneeta Mishra, Primary Teacher, N.P. Primary School, Sarojini Nagar, New Delhi

MEMBER-COORDINATOR
Inder Kumar Bansal, Professor, DEE, NCERT, New Delhi

ILLUSTRATIONS AND DESIGN TEAM

Srivi Kalyan, Harvard
Sougata Guha, The Srijan School, Model Town, Delhi
S. Nivedita, Chennai
Anita Varma, Bangkok
Sujasha Dasgupta, Gurgaon
Arup Gupta, New Delhi
Rajiv Gautam, New Delhi
Cover Design: Srivi Kalyan

2018-19
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

National Council of Educational Research and

Training (NCERT) thanks the following persons and
institutions for their contribution towards this
textbook. Special thanks are due to the Centre for
Science Education and Communication (CSEC),
Delhi University, for providing academic support and
hosting all the textbook development workshops.
The teams were fully supported by the staff and put
in tremendous effort through long working hours
even on holidays.
The Council gratefully acknowledges the
contributions of Sandeep Mishra for the voluntary
technical support and of Sadiq Saeed, DTP Operator;
Pratul Kumar Vasistha, Copy Editor; Binod Kumar
Jena, Proof Reader and Shakamber Dutt, Computer
Station Incharge, in shaping this book. This book
has drawn upon ideas from existing materials, such
as Worksheets for Class II (School Mathematics
Project, CSEC) and Mathematics: A Textbook for
Class II (SCERT, Delhi).
The Council also acknowledges the following
teachers —Indira Ramesh, Sandhya Kumar,
P.K. Abdul Lathif and Cheggareddy F.C.—for
participating in discussions and some book
development workshops. The support offered by
K.K. Vashishtha, Professor and Head, Department of
Elementary Education, NCERT is also gratefully
acknowledged.

2018-19
 Math-Magic 2
What is inside this book?

1. What is Long, What is Round? 1

2. Counting in Groups 9
3. How Much Can You Carry? 18
4. Counting in Tens 24
5. Patterns 30
6. Footprints 39
7. Jugs and Mugs 47
8. Tens and Ones 56
9. My Funday 66
10. Add our Points 76
11. Lines and Lines 84
12. Give and Take 90
13. The Longest Step 104
14. Birds Come, Birds Go 111
15. How Many Ponytails? 124

2018-19
 A Page to Cut Out

Your Game Board

91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90

71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70

51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Start 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Use this board to play games like those given on page 79 and
page 83. You can also make your own games by changing the rules.

2018-19
 1 What is Long, What is Round?

Guess its Name

Children love Uncle Meeku. He plays with them
every day. Today he has kept different things in his bag.
The game is "Guess its Name".

Guess what I have

in my hand. I will
tell you what it
feels like.

Uncle Meeku puts his hand in the bag.

Team A
sings a song. Find out with your eyes shut well,
touch it with your hands and tell.
Tell us, tell us
in the
how it feels.
We guess its name
and win the game.
A B

2018-19
 Pointed at one end,
flat at the other,
but round like a pipe.
Guess what it is?

Team A says — pencil.

✦ Do you also think so?
Now you think of a different answer for
Uncle Meeku's question. _____________

Now it is the turn of team A to touch

and guess. Everybody sings:
Tell us, tell us how it feels.
We guess its name and win the game.
A child from team A puts his hand in the bag. Others in
team A have to guess. Can you help them?

Round all around...

has no corners...
I can roll it in my hand.
Guess what it is?

The game 'Guess its Name' helps children observe and describe shapes of different objects.
Discuss similarities and differences among their properties, physical features etc., such as
edges, corners, faces, smooth or rough surfaces, if it rolls or slides. For example, a matchbox
has sharp corners and it cannot roll while a plate is flat and can roll.

2018-19
Then is the turn of team B to feel and guess. And so the
game goes on ...
Now you play this game in teams. Put different things in
a bag. A cloth is tied on one child's eyes. She puts her
hand in the bag. She touches it and says what it feels
like. Her team has to guess the name.

How Strong is a Postcard?

Hold a postcard from one corner. If you keep a book on
it, can it hold the book?

Now try this.

1. Roll a postcard to make a pipe.

2. Use tape to stick the ends together.

3. Put a book on it. Does the postcard hold it? See how
many books it can hold.

2018-19
Hurry Up! Be Quick!
Children are sitting in a circle in the class.
They are playing this game by clapping and singing.
What is long ........ what is round? .......
Look around ........ look around .........
A bat is long,
Reena says — a ball is round.
Look around,
look around.

All children are singing .......

What is long ........ what is round? .......
Look around ........ look around .........
Meenu says — o t t l e is long,
Ab round.
a c a p i s
ound,
Look ar und.
o
look ar
And the game goes on.
✦ Now you play this game in your class. Take turns to
name two things — one long and one round. Do not
repeat things which others have named.
4

2018-19
What Rolls, What Slides?
Look at the picture. Some children are rolling and some
are sliding things in a park.

There are some things which can roll and some which
can slide.
There are things which both roll and slide.

Start a discussion in the class on things in the child's environment which roll and slide. Help
children to look at their shape and see how some things roll and others slide.

2018-19
Look at things around you.
Write below:
Things Things Things which
which roll which slide both roll and slide

My Tiny Tree
1. Take a sheet of paper like this.

2. Roll the paper to make a pipe.

3. Your paper pipe will look like this now.

Use glue or tape to stick it.

4. Using scissors, cut strips at one end of the paper pipe.

Make 7 or 8 cuts.

5. Turn down the cut ends.

Your tree is ready! Colour it.
6

2018-19
The Tallest Tower

Let us see who

First let us make a can make the
tower with boxes. tallest tower.

I will make the

tallest one.

✦ Collect different things, such as boxes of different

kinds, balls, erasers, matchboxes etc.
✦ Make your towers using different things, like only
matchboxes, only tins.

Now mix and make with different things, like — shoe

boxes and tins together, balls and matchboxes together.

Start a discussion in the class about which shapes can be stacked one over another and
which cannot be. Encourage children to look for surfaces which are flat or not flat. They can
also get an intuitive feeling that shapes with broader bases are more stable and discuss how
different things like soaps, tea boxes, tins, etc. are stacked in a shop. Children will enjoy
playing games like 'pitthoo' (seven stones) in which they need to make stable stacks of
irregular stones as fast as possible, while the other team runs for the ball.

2018-19
Coin Play
Try doing these with your coin.
❈ Hold the coin like this.

Make the coin spin. Does it look like a ball?

❈ Does a coin roll? Does it slide? Try.

❈ Can you make a 1-rupee coin stand like
this?________
Try doing the same using a 2-rupee coin and a
5-rupee coin.

2018-19
 2 Counting in Groups
Look and Guess the Number

Can you guess Can you guess

how many cups? how many pairs
of shoes?

3 and 3 is 6 cups
and 4 cups below.
That should be
10 cups.

There are 3 lines

with 3 pairs of
shoes in each line.
That makes 9 pairs
of shoes.

2018-19
✹ Look at how different things are kept in groups. Try to
guess the total number without counting each thing.

__________ glasses

__________ bangles

__________ pairs of earrings

There are three groups of spoons.

✹ How many in each

group? __________
✹ Guess the total number
of spoons. _________

Ask children to guess the numbers of things around them. The idea here is to encourage
them to look at the arrangement of objects and use the strategy of counting in groups.

10

2018-19
More or Less, Let Us Guess

Ring the correct answer:

More than 40
✹ Number of teeth in your mouth
Less than 40

More than 50
✹ Number of seeds in an orange
Less than 50

More than 30
✹ Number of matchsticks
in a matchbox Less than 30

More than 45
✹ Number of pencils in
your class Less than 45

✹ Number of spokes in More than 20

one cycle wheel Less than 20

11

2018-19
Hop Till You Drop
✹ How many times can you hop on your
right foot without falling? _______

✹ How many times can you hop on your

left foot without falling? _______

Join the Dots

Jojo doggy is hungry. Join the dots in order, from 21 to
52, and find out what is hidden for him to eat.

18 3 29 30
28
31
17 27
2 26
32 33 34
25
1 24
35
23
19 38
36
37
22 4
20

21 5
12
52
51
39
16
11
50
13 10
48
49 40 9
47 8
46
41

45
42 14
44 43
15

12

2018-19
Naughty Bhurru
Bhurru has torn some pages of this book.

Write the page numbers in the correct order.

Puzzling Tail
Chipku rat has a long tail.
When he was sleeping, naughty cat thought of tying his
tail to the poles.
She started from the pole with the biggest number. She
moved on to the smaller numbers in order.
Help her in tying. But the tail should not cross itself
anywhere.

13

2018-19
 The Big Carrot
An old man planted a carrot seed.

The carrot grew big and sweet. It grew very very big!
He tried to pull out the carrot but it did not come out.
He quickly called his wife.
The old man pulled the carrot leaves and the old woman
pulled him. But they could not pull it out.
The old woman called her granddaughter. The old man,
the old woman and the granddaughter tried but could
not pull the carrot out.

14

2018-19
The granddaughter called the dog. The old man, his wife,
the granddaughter and the dog could not pull the carrot
out.
Then the dog called the cat. Everyone pulled and the cat
held on to the dog's tail. The carrot did not move.
The cat called the mouse.

They all pulled hard together and the carrot came out.
ZABOOM! They all fell down!

They were so excited!

I am the
strongest. So they all went to
the kitchen to make
gajar ka halwa and
ate it up.

15

2018-19
Look at the picture and write:
✹ How many are pulling the carrot out?
✹ Who was the first one to pull it?
✹ The cat is _______ in the line.

✹ Who was the fourth one to

pull the carrot? ___________
✹ How many were pulling the
carrot before the cat came
to help them?
✹ Make a cap on the third one
in the line.
✹ Make a moustache for the
sixth one in the line.
Teachers can create practice activities for the use of ordinal numbers. For example, make 6
children stand in a line. Assign them positions as first, second, third etc. with respect to some
reference point. Give them interesting tasks to perform, such as 'third child, tickle your
partner', 'second child, hold your nose', etc.

16

2018-19
Seema's Century
Seema has made a design with different bindis.

✹ Look at the groups and guess the total number

of bindis.
✹ Draw more groups to complete 100 bindis. How many
more bindis did you have to draw?

17

2018-19
 3 How Much Can You Carry?

The Clever Donkey and His Heavy Sack

Sandesh has a donkey. It carries sacks full of

salt on its back.

On the way to the market they have to cross a river.

One day, while crossing the river, the

donkey slipped and fell into the river.

When it got up, the sacks felt very light.

❈ Guess why the sacks felt lighter ?
The donkey was very happy. This also gave it an idea.

Next day, while crossing the river, the clever

donkey decided to take a dip.

Ha! Let me teach

This time Sandesh understood it a lesson.
the donkey's trick.

Next day Sandesh put sacks of woollen cloth in

place of salt.
❈ Now, what would happen to the donkey when it
dipped into the river? Why?
As reading skills are not yet fully developed in young children, pictographs serve as visual
aids. Children also enjoy pictographs.

18

2018-19
Raju Wants to Ride a See-saw
Raju needs a friend to ride a see-saw.

Rani comes to help Raju.

But still Raju cannot ride it.
❈ Can you tell why? Circle the correct answer.
Raju is heavier/lighter than Rani.

Aslam comes to help them.

Look at the picture.

❈ Can you tell why the see-saw turned this way?

Raju is heavier/lighter than Rani and Aslam together.

I have an idea!
Let me keep my bag
with me.

We are all enjoying the ride.

19

2018-19
Heavier or Lighter
Which of the two things will make the see-saw go down?
Look at the example.

❈ Draw a line to match the heavier one.

a)

b)

c)

❈ Colour the one which is lighter.

a)
b)
Tennis Ball Football School Bag Geometry Box

Before doing this activity, let children compare weights of different things by holding them in
their hands.

20

2018-19
Chhotu Monkey and the Carrots
Chikky and Micky rabbits saw a bag. It had carrots in it.

Chikky and Micky started fighting.

No! I am bigger.
So, I will take
bigger carrots.

I will take
bigger carrots.

Chhotu monkey came to help them.

Can I
help you?
We want to share the
carrots equally between us.
But some carrots are big and
some small. What do we do?

Chhotu monkey brought something to

help them.
21

2018-19
❈ Guess and tell what Chhotu monkey used to help
Chikky and Micky. Draw a picture of it in the monkey's
hand.
Find Out
❈ Your parents buy carrots for the family. How much do
they buy at one time?
❈ How does the vegetable seller weigh the carrots?

How Much Can Simran Carry?

Simran's father needs to move some things from the
store of their house to the kitchen.

Simran wants to help her father.

1 kg
salt 2 kg 2 kg
Sugar
Dal

1kg
ghee 2 kg
cooking
oil

5 kg
Rice

5 kg
Atta

22

2018-19
❈ Guess which bags Simran can carry.
❈ Guess who can carry what —
a) Her father? __________________
b) Her mother? __________________
c) Her younger sister? __________________
❈ Can Simran carry any two of these bags together?
If yes, which ones? __________________
❈ Which bags can you carry? Guess. __________________

I can carry
a grain of sugar
bigger than myself!

❈ Match the picture of the animal with the thing it can

carry.

23

2018-19
 4
Counting in Tens

Chickens and the Clever Fox

Tikloo farmer has

many chickens in
her farm. One day a
clever fox saw these
naughty chickens
playing around.

No dear, I am your
From that day, she started Hey, do you
friend, how can I
stealing and eating eat my
eat your chickens?
chickens?
chickens every day.
Tikloo came to know
about it.
She asked the fox.

Tikloo thought of counting her chickens every morning

and evening. But the chickens kept moving around here
and there. She said — I will put 10 chickens in one basket
and count them. And if I find any of them missing ........
I will give the fox a tight slap.

24

2018-19
In the morning, she counted her chickens.
✤ How many baskets
of 10 chickens are
there? —————

✤ How many chickens

are there in all?
50 + 4 = ________

In the evening, she counted the chickens again.

✤ There are _______ baskets of 10 chickens.

✤ There are _____ + 3 = _____ chickens in all.

✤ 54 – ____ = _____ chickens have been eaten by the fox.

25

2018-19
How Many are These?
Bhanu collects sticks from the jungle.
He sells them in the market.

He uses10 sticks to
make 1 bundle.

3 bundles have
________ sticks.

✤ Now, how many

sticks in all are
these?

__________ sticks in all.

4 bundles would have _______________ sticks.

Before doing these exercises, ask children to represent numbers by making bundles of 10
with the help of materials such as sticks or beads. Help them link these concrete objects to
written symbols and oral names of the numbers.

26

2018-19
There is a wedding in Malti's house.
She is making flower garlands.

She uses 10 flowers

to make 1 garland.

8 flowers

So there are _______ flowers in all.

How many flowers are these?

________ flowers in all.

✤ How many garlands of 10 flowers each can you make

using 21 flowers? Draw them in the space below.

27

2018-19
 Leela, can you see all these
pencils? How many are
these? If you make a good
guess, all these will be yours!

Let us help Leela.

✤ How many packets of 10 pencils
are there?_______
✤ How many pencils are outside
the packets? _______
✤ So, altogether there are _______
pencils.

28

2018-19
Kanak likes collecting different kinds of bindis.

✤ How many packets does she

have? _____________
✤ So how many bindis in all?
_____________

Each packet has

3 + 4 + 3 bindis.
Now you draw 10 bindis in
a different way.

Discuss the strategy used by children for guessing. Encourage them to count in 10s. Also
make children notice that 10 bindis can be arranged in different patterns. You may ask
children to try different arrangements using 10 bindis which are visually easy to count.

29

2018-19
 5 Patterns
Binni and Ginni were going home. On the way, they saw
some people making the pavement. The tiles used were of
different colours and designs. This is what they saw.

On reaching home they saw their mother's sari hanging

on a rope. It also had a nice design with different colours.

30

2018-19
In the evening, they were playing in a park. They saw iron
grills on the boundary wall.

Looking at the grills, Binni said — these same grills

make a different pattern in our windows at home.

We see many such patterns around us – on tiles, clothes,

durries.
Bholu has eaten a part of the shawl of Binni's
mother.
Look at the picture and help Binni in matching which
piece is of the same pattern.

31

2018-19
Madhav wants to make a pattern on a gate using .
Can you guess which of these cannot be formed
with this?

Fill up the blank boxes to complete the pattern.

32

2018-19
Leafy Patterns
Using one leaf, we can make different patterns. See these
five leafy patterns.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Now you also make some patterns with arrows in

your notebook.

33

2018-19
Look at the patterns and fill up the boxes.

Now, you also make patterns using different shapes

and show them to your friends.
34

2018-19
Number Patterns
Let us look at some patterns with numbers. Fill the
number in the blank space of each pattern.

1 3 5 7

20 50
30 40 60
70

24 30 36

27 33

15 50
10 20 40
25 30
5

Encourage children to identify the patterns. Discuss with them various other possible
number patterns.

35

2018-19
Titu frog jumps over two numbers and reaches the
third number. Where will Titu go next? Make a ring on
the other numbers.

1 15 16 17
2 14 18
3 13 19
4 12 20
5 11 21
6 10 22
7 8 9 23 24 25

Titu jumps and gets on every 10th stone. Write the

numbers on the stones.

+ 10
+ 10

38
28

36

2018-19
Read and write what comes next:

AA BB CC

AB CD EF

DAY NIGHT DAY

1 2 1 2

87 88 89

20 30 40

19 29 39

2 5 8

15 20 25

18 21 24

52 54 56

5P 6Q 7R
85 75 65

55 50 45

20 19 18

40 38 36

37

2018-19
Ketu has made some patterns by collecting leaves.

Now, you also collect some leaves and arrange them

in different patterns. Also draw patterns using
matchsticks.

Teachers should encourage the children to clean their classrooms after the activity.

38

2018-19
 6 Footprints

Bholu and the Footprints

One day some baby

animals were playing on
a muddy road in a jungle.
All of a sudden an
elephant shouted – Run!
Run! Go to your homes.
Bholu is coming to shoot
with his camera.
So, all the baby animals
ran away.

When Bholu came with his camera, all he saw was the
footprints of these animals.
✤ Can you match the animals with their footprints?

39

2018-19
✤ Draw the footprints of a dog in this box.

✤ Make the footprint of your friend on the

floor. Is it smaller than yours?
Trace and Guess
✤ Ron is tracing a leaf. You also collect a
few things like leaves, pebbles, a stick, a
bangle, bindis. Trace each thing here.

Roohi made two different traces of the same bowl.

✤ How did Roohi keep the

bowl to get two different
traces from it?
✤ Look for other things like
Roohi's bowl which can
give many different traces.

40

2018-19
Do at Home
On a newspaper trace the hands of different people in
your family. Ask your friends to guess which trace is of
your hand, your mother's, your father's, etc.
Read and Draw
Tamanna and her mother are sitting on chairs.
Tamanna is reading a story book.
Her mother is reading a newspaper.
Tamanna and her mother are sitting on the opposite
sides of a table.
Draw the missing things in the picture.

Children may use different perspectives to draw. For instance, some will try to show the table
from the top but might show all its legs too, while some might make only two legs. Leave it to
them to draw the shapes as they visualise them. Teachers could use different drawings to
discuss about shapes and also how they look different from different sides.

41

2018-19
More Fun with Tracing
✤ Collect some things, such as — a potato, a bottle cap, a
matchbox cover, a sharpener, an eraser, a spoon,
a bus ticket, a coin, a straw. You can also bring
other things.
✤ Trace each of these. Ask your friends to guess.

42

2018-19
✤ Look at the shape of each trace you have made. See if it
looks like any of the shapes given here. Write the name
of the thing below the shape.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Help children look at the differences and similarities in the shapes which have come up after
tracing. What is similar in the shapes — for instance, between a box and an eraser? These
have been placed in the same column. Encourage children to name as many shapes as they
can. We need to help the usage of words such as circle, square, rectangle, etc., so that these
become a part of the child's vocabulary.

43

2018-19
 Tarani's Shapes

Tarani made a picture using

different shapes.

Look at Tarani's picture and tell.

How many s? _________

How many s? _________

How many s? _________

How many s? _________

44

2018-19
✤ Now you make your own picture using different shapes
like , , , .

✤ Make a drawing using only s.

45

2018-19
Dressing Up Bisania
✤ Bisania wants to dress up for a dance. Use different
shapes in the box and draw jewellery on her.

Shapes and Faces

a) Draw glasses of shape on the first face.

b) Draw a moustache of shape on the second face.

c) Draw a mouth on the third face.

d) Draw a face in the last picture.

46

2018-19
 7 Jugs and Mugs
Make and Enjoy Lemon Drink
You will need

A pinch of salt One glass of water

Half a lemon One spoon of sugar

How to make it:

Guess and then find out:

How many drops of lemon juice do you get from
half a lemon? _______
How many drops of lemon juice do you get from
a full lemon? ________
How many drops of lemon juice fill one
spoon? _________

Enjoy your lemon drink!

To make a drink, locally available material can be used or the name of the drink can also
be substituted. The focus should be on volume.

47

2018-19
For making 6 glasses of lemon drink –
How many lemons will you need? __________
How many spoons of sugar will you take? __________

Lemon Drink Stall at a Village Fair

There is a fair in Chaitra's village. Chaitra, Nazim and
Aneesh want to put up a stall to sell lemon drink. They
make a bucket full of lemon drink.

They use two different sizes of glasses.

ell one
We will s for
s
small glas
Rs 5 .
Let us sell
one big glass
Okay! for Rs10.

for Rs 5
for Rs 10 Lemon Drink
Thanda! Thanda!
Cool! Cool!

Aneesh got a jug.

Do you think it is easier to pour into a glass from

a jug than a bucket?

48

2018-19
Nazim found that two big glasses fill the jug.
Shabnam wants to buy one jug full of lemon drink.
How much does she need to pay? ____________

Chaitra found that two small glasses fill one big glass.
How many small glasses of lemon drink will fill the
jug? _________
How many small glasses will fill half the jug?

Fun in Filling Vessels

Find out how many cups of water will fill your bottle.

First guess and then try it out.

Now, fill a different bottle with the same cup.

Which bottle holds less water?

Try it with another bottle.

Which bottle holds the least water?

49

2018-19
Sunaina and Jaspreet brought different vessels from
the kitchen. They had a jug, a glass, a mug,
a pot and a bowl.
They filled each of these with a cup.

Guess which vessel holds the least water. ______________

Which vessel holds the most water? _______________
Now, you collect different vessels from your kitchen.
Use the same cup to fill each of them.
Count the number of cups of water each of them can
hold.
First guess and then do it.
The vessel you used Cups of water to fill it

50

2018-19
Ring the one which holds more water.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

51

2018-19
Rani and the Milkman
Anil is a milkman. He gives the same amount of milk at
Rani's house every day. He uses a mug three times to
fill Rani's milk pot .
One day Rani's mother gave her a different pot to
take milk. Every day Rani's pot would fill to the top.
But today Rani found that the pot was not filled
completely.
Oh! Today
Anil has given
me less milk.

Do you think Anil has given Rani less milk? Help her.
Find out
How much milk does your mother buy every day? _____

Try Yourself
Take five different types of big vessels from your kitchen.
Fill all of them one by one with one jug full of water.
What do you see? Why?
Talk to your friends about it.
52

2018-19
Thirsty Crow
Chirpy crow was very thirsty. It looked everywhere but
could not find water. Suddenly it saw a pitcher (matka).
When it tried to drink water, it found there was very little
water in the pitcher.
It saw pebbles lying nearby.
I have
an idea!

It put the pebbles into the pitcher one by one.

The water came up .

Chirpy drank water and flew away.

53

2018-19
Do You Want to Be Like Chirpy?
Do you want to know how the water in the pitcher
came up?

Take two glasses of the same size.

Fill half of each glass with water.
You have to put tamarind (imli) seeds in the first glass to
raise the water to the top. Guess how many seeds you
will need to put in.
Now, do it.
Count the number of seeds used. ____________
Now put the same number of marbles in the second glass.
What happens?
Repeat it with stones.
What happens now? Why?
Talk about it in the class.

54

2018-19
Water is Useful
Find out how much water (in mugs or buckets) is used in
your house for each of the following.

Guess and then find out:

a) How many mugs of water fill one bucket?
____________
b) How many buckets of water do you use to take a
bath? ____________
c) How many mugs of water do you use to take a bath?
____________
f
k 9 b u ckets o
How much rin y
I can d c e . H ow man
water is needed at o n
water n t w o camels
to fill a water s ca
bucket t once?
How much gun (pichkari)? drink a
water will fill __________
a balloon?
___________

Children should be encouraged to do the activity at home and note the observations.
A discussion can be held in the class to compare the volumes of various vessels used by children.

55

2018-19
 8 Tens and Ones

Uncle, I want to buy

Help
pencils for 18 rupees.
I have just 10-rupee

me!
notes and 1-rupee
coins. How many
notes and coins
should I give you?

18 rupees means
1 note of 10 rupees
and 8 one-rupee coins.

How many notes and You give me

coins do I need three 10-rupee
to give 35 rupees? notes and 5 coins
of one rupee.

y! ow None! Thank
OK, Uncle if... He me, h you you Uncle, for
l o
t tel cils d helping me
s
Ju y pen nt? with my
ma
n wa homework.

56

2018-19
Can you do this without Uncle's help? Draw the10-rupee
notes and 1-rupee coins you will give for these things.

Rs 20

Rs 32

Rs 55

✪ How much money do the notes and coins make?

= Rs 30
= Rs _______

= Rs _______

= Rs _______

= Rs _______
Do similar exercises in the class with the help of play money.

57

2018-19
Practice Time
OK, you say it,
I will say a number. I will do it.
Guess the break-up.

60 + 4

Sixty-four?
20
+5

y-fiv e?
Twent
See, for 64 and 25 the number
names tell us the break-up.
What about 12?
How will you But uhm--- twelve is different.
So are eleven and nineteen.
do that?

Now you write these and

also say them aloud.
27 = ___ + 7
You try
writing
31 = 30 + ___ the bre
ak-up
for the
54 = ___ + ___ se.

___ = 90 + 9 12 = 10 + 2

63 = ___ + ___ 19 = ___ + 9

36 = ___ + ___ 11 = ___ + ___

___ = 80 + 2 ___= 10 + 7
Ask students if they also know counting in some other language. Discuss if the number
names in that language also suggest the break-up.

58

2018-19
 Bangle Throw!

Karma and Gesar are playing a

bangle game. Karma has thrown the
bangle on the dots.
Each big red dot is equal to 10
points. Each small green dot is
equal to 1 point.
The dots inside the bangle are
Dots —
Points — 40 4
So, Karma has got 44 points.
They throw the bangle twice each. Here are their points.

Throw Karma Gesar Winner

First 44 13 Karma
Second 16 32 Gesar

59

2018-19
You can play this game with your friend using the board
above. Write your points for each throw.
My friend's
Throw My points points Winner
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
Encourage children to mentally compute the score.

60

2018-19
 The Flute Man and the Rats

I want someone
to 3 What! With
.
catch the rats in
a I will do it a flute?
basket. For each
rat you get one
gold coin.
2

d
t , h ow di o
4 5 B u
o u count s?
s
My reward y t
ny ra
Sir! I have ma
collected
80 rats.

61

2018-19
 Simple! I used these cards.
I counted one rat and kept one 1 card in my pocket.
1 for one rat
1 1 for two rats
1 1 1
1 1 1 for how many rats? _______

When I had 10 cards, I changed it

with this card 10 in my pocket.
1 1
1

1
1

10
1 1 1 1

Then came 7 more rats. I then had in my pocket

1
1
1

10 1 for 17 rats.
1 1

✪ Which cards will he have in his pocket if he has

counted up to
1 1 1
a) 23 10 10

b) 47
c) 55
d) 63
e) 72
f) 80
Encourage children to make token cards and use them in different exercises.

62

2018-19
The King gave him gold coins.

These are not

eighty coins!

✪ Can you guess what happened next?

✪ Now act out the story in class.

Here! Enjoy
your rats.

63

2018-19
 Clean School Day

We have to clean our

school today. We make
teams. Each team has
10 students.

ill clean the

Our team w
we go!
best! Here
rub!
Rub and Sc

The numbers of students

in all the classes are:

Class 1 53

Class 2 42

Class 3 35

Class 4 54

Class 5 26

64

2018-19
✪ How many teams will there be in each class? How
many students will be left? Write here.

How many teams? Students left

Class 1
Class 2
Class 3
Class 4
Class 5

✪ How many students are left in all? _______________

✪ How many more teams can be made with all these
students left? ________________

Practice Time: Teams of Ten in Your School

✪ Find out the number of children in each class of your
school.
✪ Make teams of ten for each class.
✪ How many children are left in each class?

65

2018-19
 9 My Funday

One day Monday

went to Tuesday
to see Wednesday
and ask Thursday
to tell Friday
and also Saturday
that Sunday is Funday!

✿ Is Sunday a funday for you?

✿ Monday is happy to be the first day of the week. Now
you tell —
a) The third day of the week is _______________.
b) The fifth day of the week is _______________.
c) The second day of the week is _______________.
d) The last day of the week is _______________.
✿ Which day will come
a) After Sunday? _______________
b) Before Sunday? _______________
While doing this chapter, the use of a calendar would be helpful. Encourage children to refer
to a calendar to identify the order of days in sequence.

66

2018-19
 c) After Wednesday? _______________
d) Before Wednesday? _______________
e) 2 days after Sunday? _______________
f) 4 days after Wednesday? _______________
g) 7 days after Monday? _______________ Think,
think !
✿ Which day do you like most? Why?
✿ What is the day today? _________
✿ Which day was it yesterday? _________
✿ Which day will it be tomorrow? _________
✿ Which day will it be the day after tomorrow? _______
✿ Which day was it the day before yesterday? _________

Teacher-Teacher
Some children of Class II–A love to play "Teacher-
Teacher". They have decided to take turns in playing the
teacher's role.

Day Who will play

teacher's role
Monday Vaibhav
Tuesday Alpana
Wednesday Gaurav
Thursday Gurpreet
Friday Deepak
Saturday Rehnuma

67

2018-19
Now fill in the blanks –
a) _________ will be the teacher the day after Friday.
b) _________ will play the teacher's role on the day before
Tuesday.
c) Gaurav will play the teacher's role on the day after
_________.
d) Deepak will play the teacher's role on the day before
__________.

Games Every Day?

Time Table of II-A

Period
1 2 3 4 5 6
Day

Monday Hindi Maths Games English E.V.S Music

Tuesday Hindi Maths Drawing English E.V.S. Library

Wednesday Hindi Maths Games English E.V.S. Library

Thursday Hindi Maths Drawing English E.V.S. Music

Friday Hindi Maths Games English E.V.S. Music

Saturday Hindi Maths Drawing English E.V.S. Library

68

2018-19
Look at the time table of Class II-A and fill in the table:

Period On which days?

Drawing

Music

Games

Library

✿ In Your Class
a) On which days do you have a games period?
_______________________________
b) How many children would like to have a games
period every day? __________
c) What games do you play in your games period?
_________________________
d) On which days do you have a drawing period?
_____________________________
e) Do you have a music period? __________
If yes, on which days? ___________________
f ) Which day of the week do you like best at school?
___________

69

2018-19
Favourite Month
One day Sona, Arjun and Zeba were talking about their
favourite months.
I like July and August
because it rains in
My favourite months
these months.
are May and June.
I can eat mangoes then ! I like December
because Christmas
comes in December.

✿ Which month do you like best? _________

Why? ___________________________________________
✿ Draw what you like to do in your favourite month.

70

2018-19
 What I like best Months in which
Fill in the it comes
table.
Fruit __________ __________________
Vegetable __________ __________________
Flower __________ __________________

✿ Write the names of five festivals that you or your

friends celebrate. Also, write the months in which
these festivals come.

Name of the Month in which

festival it comes

71

2018-19
✿ Draw a scene of any of the festivals.

✿ Names of some of the months are missing in the list

given below. Fill in names of those months.
January, February, ___________, April, ___________,
June, ___________, August, September, October,
___________, December.
✿ Look at the calendar to find out
a) Which is the first month of the year? ______________
b) Which month comes after March? ______________
c) Which month comes before August? ______________
d) Which is the last month of the year? _______________

72

2018-19
 February is Different

Long months have 31

days, short months
have 30 days.
4 months have thirty days
7 months have thirty-one

February is the shortest month

In some years it jumps for fun.

Look at a calendar to find out:

✦ Which months have 30 days?
__________________________________________________________

✦ How many months have 31 days? _____________

✦ How many days are there in February? ___________
✦ How many days together are there in May and June?
______________
✦ How many Sundays are there in July? ____________
✦ What is the day on your birthday? ___________

Find Out
How many days do you get for your summer holidays?
_______________
How many winter holidays do you have? ____________
The picture shows a popular way to remember long and short months. Starting with January,
the long months sit on the knuckles, while short months are in the spaces between.

73

2018-19
Blow Hot, Blow Cold

I am Ashraf. I live in
Kashmir. Most of the time
here the wind is very cold.
It makes my teeth
chatter. I like to sit in the
sun or near a fire.

I am Lakshmi. I live
in Chennai. These
days the sun is too
hot. My feet burn if
I walk barefoot. I
like to sit in a pool.

I am Rubaiya. I am in
Meghalaya. Here the rains
just don't stop. The sun is
hiding behind dark clouds.

Encourage children to share their own experiences about different seasons.

74

2018-19
1) Have you ever felt —
a) Your teeth chattering due to cold? Yes/No
b) Your feet feel hot on walking barefoot? Yes/No
c) Name one month when you can easily walk
barefoot. ______________________________________

2) a) Have you seen it raining for many days? Yes/No

b) In which month does it rain the most in your area?
____________________

3) a) Which are the hottest months in your area?

________________________________
b) Which are the coldest months in your area?
________________________________

4) Which fruits and vegetables are seen a lot in the

market in these months? Write or draw:

May-June December-January
Fruits Vegetables Fruits Vegetables

75

2018-19
 10 Add Our Points

1 Toss the Ball

2 Animals of the forest are playing. Turn by turn, they toss
3 the ball on their bats until it falls. Each player gets two
4 turns and Bunnoo rabbit adds their points. But do you
5 know how he adds?
You tossed
6 the ball 14
63
7 times.
8 62

9 61
10 60
11 59
12
58
13
14 57
15 Only 7 tosses 56
16 this time.
I have one 55
17 more turn.
18 54
19 53
20
52
21
51
22
50
23
49
24 Bunnoo adds on the snake. To add 14 and 7, Bunnoo
25 48
stands on 14. He jumps 7 steps forward. He reaches 21.
26 47
27 You can also add points on the snake. 46
28
29 45
30 31 32 44
76
33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43

2018-19
★ Who won the game? —————
★ Who lost the game? —————
The winner got bananas from Bunnoo.

Guess and Tell

Prabha is going to her grandmother, who lives in the
next village. She wants to take 15 kg sugar cane, 7 kg
apples and 8 kg tomatoes.
She has to cross a river. In the
boat she can take 25 kg weight.
Can she carry all the things?

77

2018-19
This time the
kangaroo, chimp,
deer, giraffe and
tiger came to play.
But the tiger lost
the game. He
rubbed off some
points in anger.
★ Write the missing
points.
16 +
★ Who is the = 21
winner this time?
_______

+ 8 = 32

16 + 13 =

35
+5=

= 30
23 +
78

2018-19
Heads and Tails
Have you seen the two sides of a rupee coin?
Which side has 1? Heads/Tails
Heads Tails

Sameena and Sadiq are playing. The board has numbers

from 1 to 99. Each player has a button.
They toss a coin. If it is 'Heads', the button moves
10 steps. So, if Sameena is on 6, she moves to 16. If she
gets 'Tails', she moves only one step.

91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 Home

81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90

71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80

61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70

51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Start 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Now you also play this game. The one who reaches home
first, wins the game. Is there a short cut for 10 steps?
79

2018-19
Two at a Time
Chintu and Mintu went shopping. They bought some
things. To pay they used notes and coins, but only two at
a time.

✲ Out of these, which two can they use to buy the things
below? They can use the same note or coin more than
one time.

Rs 10
Rs 40
Rs 20

Rs
10
Rs 1
0
60
Rs

Rs 25

80

2018-19
 How Fast Can You Add?

Velu, what are you

doing? 7+5+3=?

Akka, please
help me add.
Oh... you can add
these without Start from 7 and count 5 more
writing!
to make 12. Then add 3 more.
You get 15.

I can also add 7 7+5+3

and 3 first to or 12 + 3 = 15
get 10. And then
add 5.
Then
7 + 5 +3
or 10 + 5 = 15

Do These
9 + 4 + 1 =
5 + 5 + 7 = 7 + 3 + 8 =
6 + 5 + 4 = 8 + 3 + 2 =
Let children do these sums by adding mentally. If some are not yet able to do so, encourage
them to use the snake or the hundred chart. They can also be helped to find different
combinations in order to add fast.

81

2018-19
 Killer Lizard

A lizard moves from one

5 9 0
hole to another. As it
moves, it eats insects
hidden in the hole. The 1
3 8
number of insects in each
hole is shown.
The lizard can move only 6 2
along the lines.

Starting from the blue hole in the picture, the lizard goes
to three holes to eat 18 insects.
This is the path the lizard takes —
8 + 1 + 9 = 18
✹ What path can the lizard take to eat 12 insects?
+ + = 12
✹ What path can the lizard take to eat 20 insects?
+ + = 20
This time the lizard goes to four holes to eat insects.
✹ What path does the lizard take to eat 18 insects?
+ + + = 18
✹ What path does the lizard take for 12 insects?
+ + + = 12
82

2018-19
Play Time
Sameena and Sadiq are now playing another game on
the board of Heads and Tails. They throw two dice and
add the numbers to get their points.
You too can play this game. Throw your dice and write
your points. See who is the first to reach home.

How many
points are
these?

Begin at Points on dice

Throw 1 Start ————

Throw 2 ———— ————

This record could help children check their moves. For instance, they could see that, starting
from one number in the left column, they get to the next by adding the points in the right
column. Use the board on page 79.

83

2018-19
 11 Lines and Lines

Whose Line is It?

Today, there is a cricket match in
Fatima's school. Fatima, Jasbir and
Raima have each brought their own
stump from home.
Fatima
They keep these in a corner of the
room.
Fatima keeps her stump in standing
position.
Jasbir keeps his stump in slanting
position. Jasbir
Raima keeps her stump in sleeping
position.
Raima

To show others how they have kept their stumps, they

draw lines in a notebook.
Fatima draws a standing line.
Jasbir draws a slanting line.
Raima draws a sleeping line.
Match the picture of each child
with the correct line.

84

2018-19
Here are some standing
lines, slanting lines and
sleeping lines. Now draw
some more such lines.

I can draw
lines with the
side of my
pencil box.
I can draw lines
with a scale.

I will try to draw

lines with only
my hand.

Ekta's lines are not straight. These are curved.

Draw more curved lines by joining the dots.

Ekta
85
2

2018-19
 Fun with Lines
Jigyasa has a clock. She can read the
time written in numbers and also the day
of the week. The numbers and letters are
made with straight lines.
Jigyasa made more numbers and letters with used
matchsticks.
Come make
some more!

u Collect used matchsticks. Have fun

making numbers and letters with these.
u Is there any number or letter that you
cannot make with matchsticks?
u Now write some numbers using
straight lines.
u What about writing letters using straight
lines? Which ones are easy?
u Find out where else numbers and letters are
written with straight lines.
86

2018-19
Dancing Lines
Remya saw a traffic policeman giving
directions to vehicles.
u Does a traffic policeman sometimes
make curved lines? ___________
Remya tried to act like a traffic
policeman. She made many straight
and curved lines. It was fun. It looked
like dance.
Look at his arms.
They look like
Try the dance steps given below and
standing and
enjoy like Remya. sleeping lines.

Several classical dance forms such as Bharatanatyam and Odissi use geometrical
movements. Children can be encouraged to look for different lines or shapes in pictures or
T.V. programmes.

87

2018-19
Designs with Dots
u Join the dots with curved or straight lines.
Make your own designs.

88

2018-19
Lines in Pictures
Nancy saw these pictures made by folk artists.
u Look for different types of lines — curved, standing,
slanting and sleeping.

u Draw some more pictures like these.

89

2018-19
 12 Give and Take

Kinnaree sells beads in

the bazar. She sells loose
beads and necklaces of
10 beads each.
Razia wants 12 beads. So
Kinnaree gives her one
necklace and two loose
beads.
Now you find how many
necklaces and loose beads
the other children take.
Beads Necklace Loose
of 10 beads beads

Razia 12

Reema 17

Aarif 24

Sonu 35

Simar 31

m a ny b eads are
How a zia and
n b y R
take
ogether?
Reema t

Encourage children to make groups of 10 using materials like beads, matchsticks, buttons
etc. These concrete experiences will help develop their understanding.

90

2018-19
Razia Uhm---h! Razia has
one necklace, and
Reema two beads. Reema
has one necklace
and seven beads.

Right! You can

write it like this. 1 2
+ 1 7

First let us take all

the loose beads
together and count.

1 2
+ 1 7
9

There are 9
loose beads.
So, I write 9
in this box.

91

2018-19
 1 2
+ 1 7
2 9

Now, take all There are 2

the necklaces necklaces. So,
together and I write 2 in
count. this box.

I got it! Razia and

Reema have 2
necklaces and 9
beads in all. That is right! Razia
and Reema have 29
beads in all.

Practice Time
❈ How many beads are taken by Razia and Sonu?

Razia 1 2
Sonu + 3 5

___________ beads are taken by Razia and Sonu.

92

2018-19
One Extra Necklace
Beads taken by Reema and Aarif –

Reema 1 7
Aarif + 2 4

Right! Now, Reema has 17

add them. beads.
Aarif has 24.

I must first
count all the
loose beads
together.

There are
11 loose beads.
What do I write 1 7
in the blue box?
+ 2 4

10 loose beads make one

necklace. Right? So add 1 I write a small 1
more to the necklaces. to remember one
extra necklace.

1
1 7
+ 2 4

93

2018-19
 OK! Now how
many beads will 1
7 I write 1
1 in the bead
there be ?
+ 2 4 box.
1

Good! Now,
count all the
necklaces. I write 4 in 1
1 7
the necklace
box. + 2 4
4 1

Ah! Reema and

Aarif have 4 Yes, Reema and
necklaces and 1 Aarif have 41
bead in all.
beads in all.

94

2018-19
 I can do it very fast in
another way. Simple!
If Aarif gives 3 to Reema,
Reema will have 20.
Aarif will have 21.
So 20 + 21 = 41.

Can you do it some other way?

Add by writing and also without writing

How many beads do they have together?

A B

Reema 1 7 Aarif 2 4
Sonu + 3 5 Razia + 1 2

_________ beads _________ beads

How Many More Beads?

A B
Sonu 3 5 Aarif 2 4
Aarif – 2 4 Razia – 1 2

Sonu has ______ more beads Aarif has _____ more beads
than Aarif. than Razia.
95

2018-19
C How many more beads does Simar have than Reema?

Simar 3 1
Reema – 1 7

How will you take Simar has 31

away 7 beads from beads.
1 bead? Reema has 17.

Open 1 necklace Ah! So, Simar will

have 2 necklaces
of Simar.
and 11 beads.

To remember, I will
cross 3 and write a
Also, write a
small 2 in the
small 1 in the
necklace box. 2 3 11
bead box to
– 1 7 remember
there are 11
beads.

96

2018-19
Now it is easy. You
can take away 7
beads from 11.
Simar 2 3 11

Reema – 1 7
4
Yes! I have
written 4 in
the bead box.

That was quick! Now

take away 1 necklace 2 3 11

from 2 necklaces. 1 7
–
1 4

I have
written 1 in
the necklace
box.
Simar has 1 necklace
and 4 beads more
than Reema.
Ah! Simar has
14 beads more
than Reema.

97

2018-19
Practice Time: Also do it in your mind
❈ Tanisha has 17 pencils. Siya has 25 pencils. How
many pencils are there in all?

If Siya gives 3 pencils,

Tanisha 1 7
then Tanisha will have 20.
Siya + 2 5 Siya will have 22 pencils.
It is easy to add 20 + 22.

❈ In Muneeza's class, there are 13

1 3
English story books and 22 Hindi + 2 2
story books. How many story books
are there in all?

2 3
❈ Sakshi had 23 fruits. She ate 15
– 1 5
fruits. How many fruits are left?

❈ Daljeet has 35 marbles. Arvind has 3 5

25 marbles. How many marbles do + 2 5

they have in all?

❈ Nisha has 32 bangles. Sukhi has 16 3 2

bangles. How many more bangles – 1 6
does Nisha have?

98

2018-19
 Venkatesha's Canteen

Help Venkatesha
to make the bills.

Rupees
Dosa 23

Uthappam 28

Total

Rupees
Idli 15
Rupees
Coffee 8
Dahi Vada 25
Rupees
Total
Chilli Rice 18
Soup 27

Total Noodles 15

Total

In this chapter, the standard algorithms for addition and subtraction have been explained
using some examples. However, it should be emphasised that learning only algorithms
does not help to develop children`s conceptual understanding of the operations. For this, it is
important to give them many word problems and encourage them to find out alternative ways
to solve them.

99

2018-19
 It's Time to Buy!

Oh! You again! No, this time I have

More homework? to buy 8 pencils and
5 erasers.

Sure! The pencils cost

16 rupees. The
erasers cost 15
rupees.

Uhm---m!
16 rupees means
one 10-rupee note
and six 1-rupee
coins.

100

2018-19
So, I can write
it like this.

1 6
+ 1 5

I put the coins

together. There are
11 coins. That
becomes 11
and . 1 6
+ 1 5
1

Very good! Now

you can see there
are 3 notes in all.

11
1 6
+ 1 5
3 1

101

2018-19
 I have to pay
31 rupees, but
I have Rs 40.

So, find out how much

money you get back.
14 0
– 3 1

I will get back ________ rupees.

Children should draw and make their own play money. They could be given different
exercises and games which involve simple calculations.

102

2018-19
Practice Time
❈ Shekhar has 32 rupees. He bought a ball for 17 rupees.
How much money is left with him?

I have a shortcut. If I
take away 2 coins from 32
3 2 and 2 coins from 17, I will
– 1 7 be left with 30 – 15.

❈ Soni bought biscuits for 24 rupees and a packet of chips

for 16 rupees. How much money will she pay?

2 4 Try doing it
1 6 without writing!

❈ Fantoosh had 64 rupees. He spent 39 rupees at the fair.

How much money is left with him?

6 4 Also find a way to do

this without writing.
– 3 9

103

2018-19
 13 The Longest Step

Three friends – a rabbit, an elephant and a deer –

were playing together in a park.

But both of you run fast

and I move slowly. I
know that one of you
would cross the bridge
Let us see who first. I don't want to
crosses the stone play the game.
bridge first!
Don't worry. Let's
make a rule — we will
not run. We will walk.

Yes, it will
be fun.

104

2018-19
They started the game.
Surprisingly, at the end, the elephant won.
✤ Can you tell why the elephant won?
✤ Who takes the biggest step?

✤ Act out this story.

Activity

I sit here. I will

find out
how far my friend
is sitting.

✤ Make a group of 3-4 friends. Find out by drawing lines

whose step is the longest.
✤ Find the distance between

a) the door and any window of your class.

b) the blackboard and where you are sitting.

105

2018-19
Hand or Fingers?
Rajat wants to find out the
length of a few things using his
handspan. These are shown
in the picture.
★ Can he use a handspan to th
Ma c
gi
find the length of all these ? Ma

★ Which things around you are less

than your handspan? Name them.
★ What would you use to find the length of those things?

Activity
Make a mud house. See
whose mud house is
higher. You can use your
fingers to find how high
your mud house is.
★ Who made the highest
mud house?
★ Whose mud house is the smallest?

Make a Guess
See these two coconut trees. If the
bigger tree is 6 metres high, about
how high is the smaller tree?

106

2018-19
Check Your Guess
Guess the length or height of the
How
things shown below. Find the mad long
am's is
length to check your answer. plait
?

Name of the thing My guess My result

Glass _______ fingers _______ fingers

Bucket _______ handspans _______ handspans

Your hand _______ matchsticks _______ matchsticks

Teacher's table _______ handspans _______ handspans

Your nose _______ fingers _______ fingers

Water bottle _______ fingers _______ fingers

Your hair _______ handspans _______ handspans

Demonstrate the correct use of units like fingers, handspans and matchsticks. Ask children
to take an object and measure it using different units.

107

2018-19
 Cat's Food – Rat or Milk?

❈ Use your fingers to find out the distance between

the rat and the milk. ________ fingers
❈ How far is the cat from the rat? ________ fingers
❈ How far is the cat from the milk? ________ fingers
❈ What will the cat reach first — the rat or the milk?
❈ Can the rat save itself ? How?
❈ Tell a story using this picture.
❈ How long is the rat's tail? ________ fingers
❈ Who has longer whiskers? The rat or the cat?

108

2018-19
Measure and Draw

✦ Draw a leaf 2 fingers away from the stone.

✦ Draw a banana 5 matchsticks away from the
monkey.
✦ Draw a kite 7 fingers away from the stone.
✦ Draw a cloud 3 matchsticks away from the kite.
✦ Draw a bird 4 fingers away from the banana.
Draw yourself anywhere on the page. Find how far you
are from the monkey's nose.
Let children measure and draw in any direction from the given reference object. They will
measure distances in different directions. This can form the basis for a discussion on
directions.

109

2018-19
Is That So?
Sanju and her friends were trying to find out the
length of their different body parts. Here is what they
found out —
My face is My arm is
about one not as long
handspan long. as my leg.

My forehead
is about four
fingers wide.

a) Do you agree with what they said?

b) Check how many of your friends have —
1) a face one handspan long __________
2) the arm as long as the leg ____________
3) a forehead 4 fingers wide ____________
c) You can try and measure other body parts with your
fingers and write their length.
1) Your nose is _______ fingers long.
2) Your ear is _______ fingers long.

The estimates of body proportions given here are rough. This exercise is only to carry out
measurement using body parts, and not to make any general claims about body proportions.

110

2018-19
14 Birds Come, Birds Go

Hey! There
are 25
birds here.

Look up! Look up!

Some new birds
are coming.

111

2018-19
 Let us count
them using
our cards.

Uhm---m!
One 10 card for
this whole group!

And six 1 cards

for this group
of birds.

So, these cards

show 16 birds.
1
1 1
10
1 1
1

But where
did they all
come from?

This could be a good chance to initiate a discussion about migrating birds coming from far- off
places. Also encourage and help children to recognise patterns in which different birds fly.

112

2018-19
✤ Soon 25 more birds flew in. Let us add to see how many
birds in all there are now.
For 16 + 25 we write:
10 1

1 1 1
1 6 10 1 1 1

10 10
+ 2 5
1 1 1 1 1

Putting all the 1 s

10 1 together, we get
1 1 1 1
eleven 1 s. Of
1 6 10 10 1 1 1 those, ten 1 s
+ 10 10 1 1 1 1 1 make one 10 .
2 5
And we are left
1 with one 1 .

10 1
1
1 6 10 10
Now putting together
all the 10 s, we get
10 10
+ 2 5
1
four 10 s.

4 1

So, the total number of birds is 41.

In chapter 8, children would have made token cards. The same token cards should be used
before children do written sums.

113

2018-19
How Many Cranes and Swans?

There are
31 cranes and
39 swans.

Let us find out

how many swans
and cranes
there are in all.

In the same way, we will add the number of swans

and cranes.
10 1

1 1 1 1
Number of Swans 3 9 10 10 10 1 1 1 1 1

10 10 10
Number of Cranes + 3 1
1

Also try adding

without writing.

The total number of swans and cranes is ___________.

114

2018-19
One morning, Suraj saw that out of 70 birds only 26
birds were left. The rest had gone away.

✤ How many birds have gone away?

10 1
10 10 10
7 0
10 10 10 10
1 1 1
– 2 6 10 10
1 1 1

_____________ birds have gone away.

Suraj, don't be sad!

Let us hope they
come back next year.

115

2018-19
Practice Time
✤ Rahul scored 23 runs in a cricket match and Dhoni
scored 69. How many runs did they make in all?
Players
10 1 Rahul
scores
23
Dhoni
69
2 3

+ 6 9

They made ___________ runs in all.

✤ Dema sold 48 shawls in a fair. Next day he sold 17

more shawls. How many shawls in all did he sell?

10 1

Dema sold ___________ shawls in all.

✤ Bunnu rabbit can eat 29 carrots in one week. Munnu

rabbit can eat 42 carrots in one week. Who eats more
in a week, and by how much?

10 1

_________ eats _________ more carrots.

116

2018-19
✤ Neha is 29 years old. Her mother is 58 years old. How
many years older is Neha's mother?

10 1
Mother is ___________ years older
than Neha.

Find the Answer

2 4 3 2 6 8 1 9

+ 1 7 – 2 7 + 1 3 + 3 9

5 4 7 3 8 0 4 3

+ 4 3 – 5 9 – 6 7 – 2 7

3 9 4 8 9 4 7 6

– 2 5 + 3 8 – 8 7 – 2 8

More such examples may be set for practice.

117

2018-19
Catch the Right Bus! Solve to get the bus
number on each card.
Match the card with
the bus number and
see who will sit in
which bus.

Card No.
27
+ 22
49

Card No. Card No. Card No.

48 88 47
+ 19 – 21 + 28

Card No.
37
Card No. + 12
93
– 18

Card No. Card No.

25 Card No.
38 99
+ 37 + 24
– 32

118

2018-19
 Now you write your
own numbers. Make
two different cards
for each bus.

+
75
– 49

– 67
+ 67

+
+ 75
49

More such exercises can be done to make children see how any number can be made using
different combinations of numbers by addition and subtraction.

119

2018-19
Cross Me Out!

Come! Today, we will

play 'cross me out'
with our teacher. Think of some numbers
between 10 to 50.
Write them in the box.
Do not repeat a number.

0 4
37 1 38 39
5 28
36 2
49 4 4 14
8 42

Cross out the

number you get by
adding 27 and 12! 27 + 10 = 37
and plus 2 is 39.

9
40 38 3
1 5 28
3 7
24 14
36 42
49 48

Parents can help children in playing this game. Call out simple addition sums like 18 + 4.
Gradually proceed to more challenging additions. Also give children turns to speak out
numbers while parents do the crossing out. Similar games can be used for subtraction as
well.

120

2018-19
Come on! Cross out 39!
Whoever crosses out
all the numbers first
will be the winner.
9
40 38 3
1 5 28
3 7
24 14
36 42
49 48

Now you can finish this game for Razia. Ask your teacher
or friend to speak out two numbers to add.

Chakachak Toli

Chakachak in Hindi means clean and shining.

Chakachak Toli is the name of a group of children who
work to clean their park.
121

2018-19
Shreya collects the money and writes it in her diary.
Help Shreya to find how much money is left at the end
of the month.

Diary
October

October 3 — collected Rs 60

October 7 — bought a broom for Rs 18

October 12 — bought a phenyl bottle for Rs 25

October 25 — collected Rs 27 from the cards

we made

Total money collected —

Total money spent —

Money left at the end of October —

122

2018-19
Children of Chakachak Toli counted the number of trees
in the park.
Trees Number of trees

90

75

82

68

94

✤ trees were more than trees. How many more?

_________

✤ Draw the tree which is least in number.

✤ Draw the tree which is most in number.

✤ Children planted some more trees to make 100.

How many more did they plant? _________

123

2018-19
 15
How Many Ponytails?

Letters in Names

Ask your friends to write their names

on a paper.
Find out
a) The number of names ending with the same letter.
__________
b) One letter with which no name starts. __________
c) The number of names starting with the same letter.
__________
Bananas, apples,
oranges — fresh
fruits for you!
Fruit Seller
The fruit seller has many
fruits for you.
Look at them and find out
what the different fruits are.

124

2018-19
Count and write

Fruit Number of fruits I like guavas!

What do
you like?

Hair Styles
Mala is going to school.
Her mother has combed her hair.
Mala has two ponytails.

Look at the children in your class.

All children comb their hair in different ways.
Look and write down.

Hair style Number of children

125

2018-19
Find out and fill in the blanks.
a) The number of children with is ______ than the
number of children with . (more/less)
b) ______ children have .

Shoe Numbers
Look at the feet of children in your class. Everybody is
wearing shoes, chappals or sandals.
Look at the sole of the shoes or chappals .
If there is a number on the sole, it is your shoe size.
Fill this table:

Shoe size Number of children

10

11

126

2018-19
Find out
a) How many have 9 size shoes? __________ children.
b) The number of children with 11 size shoes is _______.
c) The largest number of children have size shoes.
d) The smallest number of children have size shoes.

Water We Drink
We drink water every day.

Ask your friends how many glasses of water they

drink in a day and write below.

How many glasses? Number of children

Find out
a) The number of children who drink glass of water is
__________.
b) glasses of water is drunk by _____ children.
c) The number of children who drink glasses of
water is _____ than children who drink glasses of
water. (more/less)

127

2018-19
The Colour You Like
There are many colours around you.
Ask your friends about the colour they like most.
How many children like yellow? Write the number in the
table. Fill the table for other colours.
Colour liked Number of children
__________
Yellow
__________

__________

__________

Find out and colour the box

a) Most children like colour.

b) Children who like colour are more than

children who like colour.

c) Children who like colour are less than

children who like colour.

Encourage children to interact with one another in small groups and collect information as
required. Let them fill information in the tables and attempt to answer the "find out" questions.

128

2018-19