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Getting Started Guide — Processor SDK Linux Documentation

Docs » 1. Overview » 1.1. Getting Started Guide

1.1. Getting Started Guide

Welcome to the Linux Getting Started Guide

Thanks for your interest in learning more about the Linux Software Development Kit (SDK).
The SDK as we a ectionately call it is our attempt to provide a great starting point to
develop an embedded system on a TI Processor running Linux. Given this goal, we wanted
to provide something that is more than just a typical Board Support Package (BSP)
containing a bootloader, Linux kernel, and lesystem. While these are certainly necessary
elements, we feel they are just a starting point, especially for those that aren’t experts in
developing with Linux. So, the SDK also contains tools for developing on TI Processors (a
validated cross-compiling toolchain, for example), pre-built libraries that you can use
without having to rebuild them yourself, and some documentation to help explain how all
of these pieces work together. We package all of this together with a working Linux
Embedded System that has been built with all of the things mentioned above, and it
contains a featured application called “Matrix” (derived from the fact that it is basically a
simple Graphical User’s Interface (GUI) of icon’s arranged in a “matrix”). Matrix is a fairly
simple embedded Linux system that highlights some of the key features of the TI
Processor o ering (LCD display, graphics, networking, etc.).

What it really serves as is a “known good” starting point. One of the big challenges with
starting development on a new platform (not to mention, a new Operating System (OS) for
many), is getting an environment set up where you can build and debug code on
hardware. The SDK attacks this problem with providing everything you need to do
development, and it is validated on standard TI hardware platforms (EVMs) (see here for
more details). It wraps all of this up into one simple installer that helps get everything you
need in the right place to do development. For example, you can start o with simply re-
building the Linux Embedded System that we provide to validate that everything is working
on your system. This simple step gives you con dence that you can move forward from a
good baseline.

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journey and have questions, there is documentation
1.1. Getting Started Guide — Processor SDK Linux Documentation

and support available to you. Make sure to save a pointer to the `Linux SDK Software
Developer’s Guide`_. If you don’t nd what you need, take a look at the active E2E
Processor Support Forum and see if the topic has been covered before. If not, post a new
thread and we’ll do our best to provide some guidance.

What would you like to do with the SDK?

As described above, the SDK has a lot to it. Let’s break it down to two pieces to simplify
things a bit:

The example `Embedded Linux System`_ starring Matrix. Essentially, a working

bootloader (U-Boot), Linux kernel, and lesystem that can be put on an SD card and ran
on a TI EVM, or even one of the very popular Beaglebones (either the original “white” or
the newer “black”). For K2H/K2K, K2E, and K2L platforms which are not using SD cards,
U-Boot is loaded to NOR, Linux kernel is fetched from TFTP server, and lesystem is on
NFS.
Everything needed to create the above embedded system from “scratch”:
U-Boot sources and con guration les
Kernel sources and con guration les
A Linaro cross-compiling toolchain as well as other host binaries and components
A Yocto/OE compliant lesystem and sources for example applications in Matrix
A variety of scripts and Make les to automate certain tasks
Other components needed to build an embedded Linux system that don’t t neatly
into one of the above buckets

With these two pieces more clearly de ned, we can now get back to that all important
question, “What would you like to do with the SDK?”. If the answer is clearly “I want to build
something and I’m ready to start developing now!”, then go ahead and skip down to the “I
want to Develop!” (or, `Developing with the Linux SDK`_ section below for instructions on
installing the SDK on a Linux Host System. This is a somewhat involved process focusing
on the second of the two parts of the SDK listed above and may be more than some
people want to start with. However, it provides access to the full spectrum of development
from rebuilding the SDK from sources to fully adapting it with new device drivers and
applications.

 Note

For K2H/K2K, K2E, and K2L platforms which are not using SD cards, please also go
ahead and skip down to the “I want to Develop!” (or, `Developing with the Linux SDK`_
section.

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 So, if you’re not quite there yet,1.1.let’s
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discuss some other options. Maybe you’d like to
Getting Started Guide — Processor SDK Linux Documentation

evaluate the SDK a bit to see if it is how you’d like to get started.

If this is not good enough and you really want to get your hands on something, check out
the next section which shares how to play with the embedded Linux system featuring
Matrix, the rst piece of the SDK mentioned earlier. All you’ll need is access to a
Windows/Linux computer, a SD card, a SD card reader, some free, open-source software,
and a supported `Hardware Platform`_.

Evaluating the SDK Embedded Linux System and Matrix

If you’re a hands on person, reading documentation and looking at presentations gets old
fast. So, if you want to see an example of what you can build with the SDK and actually
hold it in your hands and play with it (or show it to someone else that needs help
understanding what you want to do with it), with minimal e ort, you can simply run the
SDK Embedded Linux System with Matrix on a supported `Hardware platform`_. This will
allow you to poke and prod and interact. It’s a powerful way to get the imagination active
and engaged.

If you’ve recently purchased a TI EVM or Starterkit, it should have came with a SD card with
the SDK on it. If that is the case, simply plug the card in, boot it up, and let your
imagination run wild. However, if you’re like us and the boards you are given never have all
of the stu they came with, or if you purchased a Beaglebone or Beaglebone Black, you
might not have a SD card with the SDK on it. Or, maybe, the SDK on your SD card is simply
a few revisions old and you want the latest and greatest. If that is the case, check out the
`Creating a SD Card with Windows`_ page. Just remember, you won’t be able to build or
change anything, simply evaluate the SDK Embedded Linux System with Matrix as
delivered. But, even this is enough to get the imagination going and all some folks want to
do.

 Note

The above is not applicable to K2H/K2K, K2E, and K2L platforms, which are not using SD
card.

Start your Linux Development

OK, you’re all in. Either you’ve known this is what you wanted to do, or you’ve gone
through the above steps and you want to do more. It’s time to develop! Here’s a high level
overview:

Get a Linux host up and running if you don’t already have one
Install the SDK and run some scripts to get everything set up
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Put the SDK Embedded Linux System on a SD card or TFTP/NFS to play with
1.1. Getting Started Guide — Processor SDK Linux Documentation

Build something to validate set up – the SDK for example

Add something to the SDK, like a simple Hello World app

After completing these steps, you’ll have a known good baseline from which you can start
development.

1. Con gure a Linux Host - If you already have a Linux host machine, go to Step 2.

To do Linux development with the SDK, you’ll need a host PC running Linux. The Linux
host is generally much faster and has a lot more memory (both RAM and hard disk
space) than the typical embedded system. While it is certainly possible to do all
development natively, we feel the advantages of using a host provide a better way to go
and what is supported out of the box with the SDK.

There are many, many ways to get access to a Linux host. We simply can’t validate all
possibilities and iterations, therefore we focus on validating using Ubuntu as the host
Linux distribution, running natively. We validate the Long-term Support (LTS) versions
of Ubuntu at the time of a SDK release (for example, at the time of this writing, Ubuntu
14.04 and Ubuntu 16.04 are the currently supported LTS versions).

Can you use other versions of Ubuntu or even other distributions? Theoretically, yes, as
long as you can get it to work and there may be more “assembly” required. If you can
use the Ubuntu version validated against the SDK, it will be the smoothest path and we
will be able to help you more if you do run into trouble.

Likewise, we would strongly recommend getting a native 64-bit Ubuntu LTS machine
set up for development. For the cost of a little bit of hard drive space, Ubuntu can have
direct access to the host’s hardware. Virtual Machines (VMs) have come a long way over
the years, and many people use them daily without problems. However, when you are
working with a target embedded system (that may be a prototype board), whether it be
a TI board or eventually your own, removing the complexity of a VM from the get go
can avoid a lot of frustration (i.e. wasted time). When using a VM while connecting and
disconnecting hardware components, you have to be very diligent about making sure
what is connected to what. You might prefer using an hour to get more work done than
debugging a perceived problem caused by the fact the virtual host grabbed a USB port
when you weren’t watching.

When you’re ready to proceed, Ubuntu provides a great overview for how to install
natively.
2. Install the SDK - Within your Linux host machine, `Install the Linux SDK`_

 Note

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Processor SDK Installer is 1.1.
64-bit, and installs only on 64-bit host machine. Support
Getting Started Guide — Processor SDK Linux Documentation

for 32-bit host is dropped as Linaro toolchain is available only for 64-bit machines

 Note

At least 20 GB of free space is required on the host machine for installing Processor
SDK Linux

3. Create a SD Card - using the `SDK Create SD Card Script`_, or One-time Program EVM
for K2H/K2K, K2E, and K2L - following directions for Program EVM User Guide

 Note

You will need a >8GB SD Card and the capability to connect that card to your Linux
Host machine (using a USB SD Card reader, for example).

 Note

If using a virtual machine as your Linux host, you may need to import the SD Card
reader into your virtual machine (disconnect it from the host and connect it to the
VM so that the Linux VM can see it).

 Note

For K2H/K2K, K2E, and K2L platforms which are not using SD card, one-time EVM
programming is needed if u-boot has not been loaded before or the previous u-boot
is somehow corrupted. Please see details at Program EVM User Guide.

4. Con gure your development environment

There are many ways to connect the host development platform and the target board.
These connections will vary depending on how you like to develop and what you are
trying to do. Here is an example of a common set up with a serial connection for
console and ethernet for networking (TFTP, NFS, etc.):

 Note

The recommended setup is to use TFTP for booting the kernel and NFS for hosting
the target root lesystem. Since the SDK provides full cross-compile development
environment for the x86 host, this con guration will simplify the transfer of les to
and from the target platform.

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5. Use the SD Card to boot the target board properly connected for your development
environment

 Note

This is not applicable to K2H/K2K, K2E, and K2L platforms. For those platforms,
power up the EVM and stop at the U-boot prompt as described in Program EVM
User Guide

6. Run the Setup Script - Once the SDK has been installed, `Run the Setup.sh Script`_ on
your host to guide you through the remaining development environment con guration.

 Note

If using a virtual machine as your Linux host, you will likely need to import the target
board into the virtual machine as a mass storage device.

7. Rebuild sources using the top-level Make le in the SDK root directory. For example:

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make all rebuilds all components in the SDK
1.1. Getting Started Guide — Processor SDK Linux Documentation

make linux con gures and builds the kernel

make u-boot-spl builds u-boot and u-boot-spl

The le system can be rebuilt following the instructions at `Building the SDK`_.

 Note

Starting with Processor SDK 3.3, some components such as Jailhouse Hypervisor
needs a newer make (> 3.81) that what comes by default with Ubuntu 14.04.
Please check your make version (make -v) and upgrade to latest using following
instructions. You can make it your default make by pre xing /usr/local/bin to
your $PATH variable in your shell startup le; for instance, in .pro le or .bashrc if
you use the bash shell. Don’t try to install a self-compiled make (or anything else
that doesn’t come from the distribution’s package manager) into /bin or /usr/bin;
doing that will confuse your package manager.

cd /tmp
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/make-4.1.tar.gz
tar xvf make-4.1.tar.gz
cd make-4.1/
./configure
make
sudo make install
cd ..
rm -rf make-4.1.tar.gz make-4.1

What Would You Like to do Next?

Now that you have a solid baseline set up, you can choose what you’d like to do next
based on what you need to do. Here are some of the many possibilities:

Link Summary

AM335X, AM437X, AM57X, 66AK2Ex, 66AK2Gx, 66AK2Hx, 66AK2Lx Download the SDK

`Processor SDK Linux Software Developer’s Guide`_ The SDK’s Homepage, a mus

Processor SDK Training Series This series provides an intro

Processor SDK Linux Training: Hands on with the Linux SDK The next step in learning abo

Debugging Embedded Linux Systems Training Series This series teaches the techn
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`Processor SDK Linux How-To Guides`_ The SDK How-To pages. The

`Processor SDK Linux Kernel`_ More information on the Lin

`Processor SDK Linux U-Boot`_ Everything you want to know

`Processor SDK Linux Filesystem`_ Details about the various File

`Processor SDK Linux Tools`_ Documentation for all of the

1.1.1. Linux SD Card Creation Guide

1.1.1.1. Overview

The Linux SDK includes a script in the <SDK INSTALL DIR>/bin directory named create-
sdcard.sh. The purpose of this script is to create SD cards for the following high-level use
cases:

1. Create the SD Card using default images from the Processor SDK for Linux
2. Create the SD card using custom images
3. Create the SD card using partition tarballs (This is not common and is used most often
by board vendors)

The script will give you information about each step, but the following sections will go over
the details for the use cases above and walk you through how to use the script as well.

1.1.1.2. Common Steps

No matter which use case above that you are creating an SD card for the following steps
are the same. |

Invoking the Script

The create-sdcard.sh script can be run from any location but must be run with root
permissions. This usually means using the sudo command to start execution of the script.
For example:

sudo <SDK INSTALL DIR>/bin/create-sdcard.sh If you fail to execute the script without
root permissions you will receive a message that root permissions are required and the
script will exit.

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 Select the Target Board [AM65x/DRA80xM
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Only]
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Due to a limitation in automatically detecting the speci c board, the script for
AM65x/DRA80xM will request this information from the user. The following options are
available:

1. am65x_evm : AM654x EVM (TMDSEVM654X)

2. am65x_idk : AM654x Industrial Development Kit (TMDXIDK654X)
3. unknown

This information is used to determine which board features are required to be enabled in
the Linux kernel. Therefore, if unsure, unknown is a valid option. The resulting SD card will
be capable of booting Linux, but minimal board support will be available.

Select the SD Card Device

The rst step of the script will ask you to select the drive representing the SD card that you
want to format. In most cases your host root le system drive has been masked o to
prevent damage to the host system. When prompted enter the device number
corresponding to the SD card. For example if the output looks like:

Availible Drives to write images to:

# major minor size name

1: 8 16 7761920 sdb

Enter Device Number:

You would enter 1 to select the sdb device

NOTE: For most common installations, this script works ne. However, if you are using
more advanced disk slicing and volume management, the presented list of device nodes
are o by one; in the best case (picking the last item) it will ag a range error, and in the
worst case (anything in the middle) the wrong DASD can be destroyed. The problem
originates when it attempts to determine the $ROOTDRIVE to “mask” the volume where “/”
is mounted from the selection list using a “grep -v $ROOTDRIVE” For the naive partitioning
case, its heuristic is ne, yielding something like “sda” — but for LVM, it grabs some chunk
of the device name, e.g. “mapp” (out of “/dev/mapper/kubuntu–vg-root on / type ...”)

Re-Partitioning the SD Card

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 Any partitions of the device that
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device is ready for partitioning.

If the SD Card already has partition you will see a prompt like the following asking you if
you would like to repartition the card. If the card was not already partitioned then this step
will be skipped and you can move on to the next step.

Would you like to re-partition the drive anyways [y/n] :

Options:
y - This will allow you to change the partitioning of the SD card. For example if you
have a 3 partition card and want to create a 2 partition card to give additional
storage space to the root le system you would select y here. NOTE: This operation
WILL ERASE the contents of your SD card
n - If the SD card already has the desired number of partitions then this will leave
the partitioning alone. If you select n here skip on to the Installing SD Card Content
section.

Select Number of Partitions

You should now see a prompt like the following which will ask you how many partitions
you want to create for the SD card.

Number of partitions needed [2/3] :

Options:
2 - This is the most common use case and will give the most space to the root le
system.
3 - This case should only be used by board manufacturers making SD cards to go in
the box with the EVM. This requires access to the partition tarballs used for Out-Of-
Box SD cards. This option should be selected if you are going to follow the SD card
using partition tarballs steps below

After selecting the number of partitions, move on to the next section.

1.1.1.3. Installing SD Card Content

After the SD card is partitioned, you will be prompted whether you want to continue
installing the le system or safely exit the script.
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Options: 1.1. Getting Started Guide — Processor SDK Linux Documentation

y - Selecting yes here will begin the process of installing the SD card contents. This
operation WILL ERASE any existing data on the SD card. Refer to one of the
following sections for additional instructions depending on which use case you are
creating an SD card for
Create the SD card using default images
Create the SD card using custom images
Create the SD card using partition tarballs
n - Selecting no here will allow you to have partitioned your card but will leave the
partitions empty.

1.1.1.4. SD Card Using Default Images

The purpose of this section is to cover how to use the create-sdcard.sh script to populate
an SD card that can be used to boot the device using the default images that ship with the
Processor SDK for Linux.

Prerequisites

1. The Processor SDK for Linux is installed on your host system

2. The SD card you wish to create is inserted into the host system and has a size
su ciently large to hold at least the bootloaders, kernel, and root le system.
3. You have started running the script as detailed in the SD Card Common Steps section
above.

Choose Install Pre-built Images

You should now see a prompt like:

################################################################################

Choose file path to install from

1 ) Install pre-built images from SDK

2 ) Enter in custom boot and rootfs file paths

################################################################################

Choose now [1/2] :

You should choose option 1 to create an SD card using the pre-built images from the SDK.

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within the SDK then the script can determine the SDK path
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automatically and will start copying the contents to the SD card. Once the les are copied
the script will exit.

If you executed the script from outside of the SDK (i.e. you copied it to some other
directory and executed it there) please see the next section.

NOTE: option 1 will only work with the format of the default SDK directory name, which
makes the Hands on with the SDK training easiest. If you have to change the directory
name, use option 2 to enter the custom le paths.

Choose rootfs tarball for K2G

For K2G, you should now see a prompt like:

################################################################################

Multiple rootfs Tarballs found

################################################################################

1:tisdk-server-extra-rootfs-image-k2g-evm.tar.gz
2:tisdk-server-rootfs-image-k2g-evm.tar.gz

Enter Number of rootfs Tarball:

Choose option 1 to create an SD card using the complete lesystem image from the
SDK. Option 2 provides the base lesystem image of smaller size, and it can be used
when the SD card does not have su cient space.
Enter SDK Path

In the case that the script was invoked from a directory without the SDK installation in the
path, i.e. the script was copied to your home directory and executed there, you may see a
prompt like

no SDK PATH found

Enter path to SDK :

Enter the path to the SDK installation directory here. For example if the SDK was installed
into the home directory of the sitara user the path to enter would be /home/sitara/ti-
processor-sdk-linux-<machine>-<version>. You will be prompted to con rm the
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 installation directory. The SD card
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will then be created using the default images and the
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script will exit when nished.

1.1.1.5. SD Card Using Custom Images

Often times you will use TFTP and NFS during development to transfer you kernel images
and boot your root le systems respectively. Once you are done with your development
you may want place these images onto an SD card so that they can be used stand-along
without requiring a network connection to a server.

Prerequisites

1. The Processor SDK for Linux is installed on your host system

2. The SD card you wish to create is inserted into the host system and has a size
su ciently large to hold at least the bootloaders, kernel, and root le system.
3. You have started running the script as detailed in the SD Card Common Steps section
above.

Choose Custom Images

You should now see a prompt like:

################################################################################

Choose file path to install from

1 ) Install pre-built images from SDK

2 ) Enter in custom boot and rootfs file paths

################################################################################

Choose now [1/2] :

Select option 2 to create an SD card with your custom images.

Select Boot Partition

You will now be prompted to provide a path to the location of the boot partition les. The
prompt will explain the requirements of the les to be placed at the path, but the basic
options are:

1. Point to a tarball containing all of the les you want placed on the boot partition. This
would include the boot loaders and the kernel image as well as any optional les like
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uEnv.txt 1.1. Getting Started Guide — Processor SDK Linux Documentation

2. Point to a directory containing the les for the boot partition like those in the rst
option.

The script is intelligent enough to recognize whether you provided a tarball or a directory
path and will copy the les accordingly. You will be given a list of the les that are going to
be copied and given the option to change the path if the list of les is not correct.

Select Root Partition

You will now be prompted to provide a path to the location of the root le sysetm partition
les. The prompt will explain the requirements of the les to be placed at the path, but the
basic options are:

1. Point to a tarball of the root le system you want to use

2. Point to a directory containing the root le sysetm such as an NFS share directory.

The script is intelligent enough to recognize whether you provided a tarball or a directory
path and will copy the les accordingly. You will be given a list of the les that are going to
be copied and given the option to change the path if the list of les is not correct.

1.1.1.6. SD Card Using Partition Tarballs

This option is meant for board vendors to create SD cards to go in the box with the EVM. It
requires access to the three tarballs representing the the partitions of the SD card shipped
with the EVM.

Prerequisites

1. The Processor SDK for Linux is installed on your host system

2. The SD card you wish to create is inserted into the host system and has a size
su ciently large to hold at least the bootloaders, kernel, and root le system.
3. You have started running the script as detailed in the SD Card Common Steps section
above.

Provide Tarball Location

After the SD card has been partitioned you will be prompted to

Enter path where SD card tarballs were downloaded :

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 Point to the directory containing
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the following tarball les:
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boot_partition.tar.gz
rootfs_partition.tar.gz
start_here_partition.tar.gz

The script will show you the contents of the directory given and ask you to verify that the
tarballs are present in that directory. The SD card will then be populated with the contents
of the tarballs and be ready for inclusion in the box with the EVM.

Additional Step for OMAPL138 after SD Card Creation

For OMAP-L138 LCDK, boot loader needs to be updated after the SD card is created as
above. The pre-built u-boot-omapl138-lcdk.ais needs to be written to the SD card using the
dd command. /dev/sd<N> below corresponds to the SD card device listed from the host
machine.

$ cd <SDK INSTALL DIR>/board-support/prebuilt-images

$ sudo dd if=u-boot-omapl138-lcdk.ais of=/dev/sd<N> seek=117 bs=512 conv=fsync

1.1.2. Windows SD Card Creation Guide

Introduction

This page details how to use an image le to create a SD Card containing the embedded
Linux system provided with the Linux SDK. This allows a user to evaluate the embedded
system on a supported hardware platform.

What is Needed

Access to a Windows PC
A valid Linux SDK image for the appropriate processor (AM335x, for example)
Software to decompress a zip le (ex. 7-zip)
Software to write an image le to a SD card
A SD card appropriate for the required hardware platform, must be 2GB or larger
A SD card reader/writer

Steps to Follow

Here is the process to follow to create the SD card.

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 1. Download the Processor SDK
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for Linux image le that you want to use.
1.1. Getting Started Guide — Processor SDK Linux Documentation

2. On a Windows PC, you’ll need software to decompress a zip le. Windows 7 can do this
natively. If you don’t already have something that works, the open source software 7-
zip is a great choice. Since this image is created with lots of empty space, this step saves
about 700 MB of download time.
3. Use the decompression software to decompress the zipped le to an image le. Here’s
how to do it with 7-zip:

You should see a status bar as the image is decompressed:

And this is what you should have when it is nished:

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4. If you don’t have it already, download a program to write the image le to the SD card.
The open source Win32 Disk Imager is a good option.
5. Use the software for writing an image to disk to write the decompressed .img le to the
SD card.

1. Plug the SD card into the SD card reader/writer.

2. Insert the SD card reader/writer into the PC.
3. Launch the disk writer software, if needed.
4. Choose the image le for the SDK that you want to write.

And select the appropriate SDK Image le:

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5. Choose the SD card as the destination.

6. Write the image to the SD card.

 Note

You’ll likely get the below con rmation box. This command will overwrite
whatever disk you point it to, please make sure and choose the correct disk:
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You should see the following status bar as the image is being written to the disk:

And when the write is complete, you should get a noti cation:

You can now close the image writing program:

6. Safely eject the SD card from the computer. Here’s an example using Windows 7:

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1. Plug it into a supported hardware platform and boot the platform from the SD card.
2. If the platform has a display (Starterkit, for example), you should see the Matrix
application from the SDK. If the hardware does not have a display, you should be able
to access Matrix remotely through a web browser if the PC and the board are on a
common network. You can also connect to the board using a terminal emulator (ex.
Tera Term) in order to view the serial console and interact with the embedded Linux
system (ex. run ifcon g to get the IP address of the target board in order to connect to
it to view remote matrix).

1.1.3. Download and Install the SDK

Overview

The Processor SDK Installer (ti-processor-sdk-linux-[platformName]-evm-xx.xx.xx.xx-Linux-

x86-Install.bin) will install the necessary components to start your development on the TI
microprocessor. The SDK consists of source for the Matrix App launcher starting point
application, a development lesystem, a target lesystem, example applications, toolchain
and board support package, ease of use scripts and documentation. The Processor SDK
now includes the Linaro GCC toolchain.  The Processor SDK was built and tested against a
speci c Linux Distribution name and version, Ubuntu 14.04 and 16.04. Note this does not
prevent the user from installing the SDK on other Linux distributions.

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There are two ways you can get the installer:

1. From a le downloaded from the SDK download page. This will always host the latest
version of SDK.

 Note

The second way below is not applicable to K2H/K2K, K2E, and K2L platforms, which
are using SD card.

2. From the SD Card included with a TI EVM. This may not be the latest version of the SDK.
We recommend checking the above site and using the latest version if at all possible.
Before running the SDK Installer from the SD card, the SD Card from the EVM box
needs to be mounted to your Linux Host PC (using a USB SD Card reader).  The SDK
Installer is found in the START_HERE partition of the SD card.

How to Run the SDK Installer

Make sure that the execute permissions are set. Bring up a terminal window and change
directories to the where the installer is located (probably the Downloads directory if
downloaded or the START_HERE partition mounted from the SD Card) and run the
following commands:

chmod +x ./ti-processor-sdk-linux-[platformName]-evm-xx.xx.xx.xx-Linux-x86-Install.bin
./ti-processor-sdk-linux-[platformName]-evm-xx.xx.xx.xx-Linux-x86-Install.bin |

Alternatively, you can give execute permissions and run the SDK Installer by double
clicking on it within your Linux host PC.

 Note

If nothing seems to happen, you are probably running a 32-bit version of Linux. The
installer is 64-bit, and will not execute properly.

Additional Installer Options

Invoking the installer with argument –help will list available options for the installer (e.g.
text installer, etc.):

./ti-processor-sdk-linux-[platformName]-evm-xx.xx.xx.xx-Linux-x86-Install.bin –help |
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1. Con rm User is to con rm if loading the Processor SDK is ok. This is important to note
if the user is trying to over-install on an existing directory and has made changes to the
directory.
2. Directory Install Location The user will be prompted for a location on where to put the
Processor SDK. An example is given below.
3. Installation of software The software is installed.

Where to install the Processor SDK package

The default selection of where to install is the user’s home directory. In this particular
example the name of the user is ‘sitara’.

1.1.4. Program EVM User Guide

1.1.4.1. Overview

This release provides the images for the factory to program on the eeprom, nand and nor
for EVMK2H, EVM2E, and EVMK2L. The mechanism only applies to the devices with DSP
core, and won’t work for devices without DSP, such as AM5K2E02 and AM5K2E04 devices.
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1.1.4.2. Files Provided

The les used for programming the EVMs are provided under bin\program_evm\binaries\
[evmk2h, evmk2e, evmk2l].

First, create the following symbolic links of nor.bin and nand.bin.

For EVMK2H:

cd bin/program_evm/binaries/evmk2h/
ln -sv ../../../../board-support/prebuilt-images/u-boot-spi-k2hk-evm.gph nor.bin
ln -sv ../../../../filesystem/tisdk-server-rootfs-image-k2hk-evm.ubi nand.bin

For EVMK2E:

cd bin/program_evm/binaries/evmk2e/
ln -sv ../../../../board-support/prebuilt-images/u-boot-spi-k2e-evm.gph nor.bin
ln -sv ../../../../filesystem/tisdk-server-rootfs-image-k2e-evm.ubi nand.bin

For EVMK2L:

cd bin/program_evm/binaries/evmk2l/
ln -sv ../../../../board-support/prebuilt-images/u-boot-spi-k2l-evm.gph nor.bin
ln -sv ../../../../filesystem/tisdk-server-rootfs-image-k2l-evm.ubi nand.bin

File Name Description

nand.bin Nand UBIFS image (symbolic link to tisdk-server-rootfs-image-[k2hk, k

nandwriter_evmk2h.out Nand Writer DSP executable

nand_writer_input.txt nand image writer input le

nor.bin SPI NOR le for U-Boot (symbolic link to u-boot-spi-[k2hk, k2e, k2l]-evm

norwriter_evmk2h.out NOR image writer DSP executable

nor_writer_input.txt NOR image writer input le

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and nand_writer_input.txt to update the le name.
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nor_writer_input.txt:

file_name = nor.bin

nand_writer_input.txt:

file_name = nand.bin

MD5SUM utility used

Please use the md5sum utility from the following link: http://www.pc-
tools.net/ les/win32/freeware/md5sums-1.2.zip

1.1.4.3. Device Support

EVMK2H in Little endian Mode.

EVMK2E in little endian mode
EVMK2L in little endian mode

1.1.4.4. Directory Structure

The program_evm (top-level) directory is intended to hold the *DSS* script for the Code
Composer Studio which programs the default images to NAND/NOR/EEPROM.
The binaries/evmxxx directory is intended to hold all the factory default images and the
respective writers.
The con gs/evmxxx directory is intended to hold the “CCS target con guration les”.
Use evmxxx-linuxhost.ccxml for linux.
The gel directory holds custom GEL les for the board. It also contains a README.txt for
the gel le usage.
The logs directory is empty and will be used to store logs. Logs are automatically
generated when using program_evm.js to ash evmxxx devices.

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├───program_evm
│ │ program_evm.js
│ │
│ ├───binaries
│ │ └───evmxxx
│ │ eepromwriter_evmxxx.out
│ │ eepromwriter_input.txt
│ │ eepromwriter_input50.txt
│ │ eepromwriter_input51.txt
│ │ nand.bin (symbolic link created as above)
│ │ nandwriter_evmxxx.out
│ │ nand_writer_input.txt
│ │ nor.bin (symbolic link created as above)
│ │ norwriter_evmxxx.out
│ │ nor_writer_input.txt
│ ├───configs
│ │ └───evmxxx
│ │ evmxxx.ccxml
│ │ evmxxx-linuxhost.ccxml
│ ├───gel
│ │ xtcievmk2x.gel
│ │ evmk2e.gel
│ │ tcievmk2l.gel
│ │ README.txt
│ └───logs (empty directory)

1.1.4.5. Programming the bin les

This section assumes you have installed Processor SDK 02.00.01 and above (which
supports EVMK2H/EVMK2L/EVMK2E) and Code Composer Studio.

1.1.4.6. Verify CCS Connection

First, start CCS on linux host machine and con gure the target con guration for the EVM
(e.g., bin/program_evm/con gs/evmk2h/evmk2h-linuxhost.ccxml). Then, launch the target
con guration, and verify the connection to the ARM and DSP through JTAG.

After the CCS connection is veri ed, disconnect the target connection, exit CCS and
continue to Set the Environment Variables.

Update rmware on xd200 pod for USB3 Ports

 Note

Please note that this section is needed only the CCS connection cannot be established
successfully.
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When USB3 ports are used for the JTAG, the following error can be reported when testing
the connection to the target.

...
This utility has selected a 560/2xx-class product.
This utility will load the program 'xds2xxu.out'.
E_RPCENV_IO_ERROR(-6) No connection
Failed to open i/o connection (xds2xxu:0)
...

When this happens, it is required to update the rmware on the xd200 pod. This can be
done on a PC which is able to communicate to the xd200 pod, and has CCS and the latest
TI emulators package installed. Example:

cd ccsv6/ccs_base/common/uscif/xds2xx
xds2xx_conf.exe update xds2xxu 0 xds200_firmware_v1006.bin
xds2xx_conf.exe boot xds2xxu 0

Set the EVM for no-boot mode

For EVMK2H

Due to hardware NAND issue, EVM of certain revisions need to use alternative
programming method:

EVM Revision NAND Known Issue Programming Method

Rev 3.0 Yes Alternative U-Boot command

Rev 2.0 Yes Alternative U-Boot command

Rev 1.x No Program_evm

For Rev 2.0 and 3.0 EVM using alternative U-Boot command to program NAND, please
follow the steps below: Set the boot mode to SPI boot mode: Set_SPI_boot

1. Set up TFTP server

2. copy filesystem/tisdk-server-rootfs-image-k2h-evm.ubi to tftp directory
3. Have Ethernet cable connected to the EVM and verify the connection to the TFTP server
4. Boot up the EVM to the U-boot prompt and type the following commands:
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u-boot# setenv serverip <TFTP server IP address>

u-boot# setenv tftp_root <tftp directory>
u-boot# setenv addr_fs 0x82000000
u-boot# nand erase.part ubifs
u-boot# dhcp ${addr_fs} ${tftp_root}/tisdk-server-rootfs-image-k2h-evm.ubi
u-boot# nand write ${addr_fs} ubifs ${filesize}
u-boot# env default -f -a
u-boot# setenv boot ubi
u-boot# saveenv

Once it is completed, the EVM is ready to use.

For Rev 1.0 EVM, make sure the EVM dip switches are set for no-boot mode and continue.

SWITCH Pin1 Pin2 Pin3 Pin4

SW1 O O O On

See instruction here for K2H no boot mode for reference K2H_Noboot

For EVMK2E

Make sure the EVM dip switches are kept as below to put the board in no-boot mode, and
continue.

SWITCH Pin1 Pin2 Pin3 Pin4

SW1 On On On On

See instruction here for K2E no boot mode for reference: K2E_NoBoot

For EVMK2L

Make sure the EVM dip switches are kept as below, and continue.

SWITCH Pin1 Pin2 Pin3 Pin4

SW1 On On On On

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Set the Environment Variables

Please make sure the below environment variables needs to be set. Otherwise there could
be some unexpected behavior experienced.

1. Set the DSS_SCRIPT_DIR environment variable (Mandatory) to your Code Composer

Studio scripting bin directory. Example:

export DSS_SCRIPT_DIR=~/ti/ccsv6/ccs_base/scripting/bin

2. Set the PROGRAM_EVM_TARGET_CONFIG_FILE environment variable. Please provide the

path for the ccxml le that is created for the EVM for the CCS. Example:

export PROGRAM_EVM_TARGET_CONFIG_FILE=configs/evmk2h/evmk2h-linuxhost.ccxml

DSS Script Arguments

General Script Usage

Script Usage:

cd bin/program_evm
$DSS_SCRIPT_DIR/dss.sh program_evm.js evm(k2h|k2e|k2l)[-le] (nor|nand)

k2h:TCI6638 device
k2e:C66AK2E device
k2l:TCI6630 device
-le (optional): Little Endian (default)
-be (optional): Big Endian
(nor|nand): choose from nor or nand

Formatting the NAND Flash

 Note

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gracefully shut down), NAND ash needs to be formatted before loading the program
using program_evm utility.

The program_evm supports formatting the NAND device as below. Linux:

cd bin/program_evm
$DSS_SCRIPT_DIR/dss.sh program_evm.js evm(k2h|k2e|k2l)-le format-nand

 Warning

Please note that this would erase all the nand blocks.

Executing the DSS script to restore factory default images

1. cd “bin/program_evm” directory
2. Set the necessary environment variables as described under Set the Environment
Variable.
3. Run the “program_evm.js” script command from program_evm directory.

Example:

cd bin/program_evm
$DSS_SCRIPT_DIR/dss.sh program_evm.js evmk2h-le nor

This will write all the little endian images to K2H EVM.

Sample DSS Script Output

The sample output after running the DSS Script is as below.

 Note

The loading of nand.bin can take up to a few minutes depending on the image size.

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bin/program_evm$ $DSS_SCRIPT_DIR/dss.sh program_evm.js evmk2h nor
board: evmk2h
endian: Little
emulation: XDS2xx emulator
binaries: /home/user/ti-processor-sdk-linux-k2hk-evm-02.00.01.07/bin/program_evm/binaries/evmk2h/
ccxml: configs/evmk2h/evmk2h-linuxhost.ccxml
C66xx_0: GEL Output:
Connecting Target...

C66xx_0: GEL Output: TCI6638K2K GEL file Ver is 1.3

C66xx_0: GEL Output: Detected PLL bypass disabled: SECCTL[BYPASS] = 0x00000000

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (3a) PLLCTL = 0x00000040

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (3b) PLLCTL = 0x00000040

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (3c) Delay...

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (4)PLLM[PLLM] = 0x0000000F

C66xx_0: GEL Output: MAINPLLCTL0 = 0x07000000

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (5) MAINPLLCTL0 = 0x07000000

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (5) MAINPLLCTL1 = 0x00000040

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (6) MAINPLLCTL0 = 0x07000000

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (7) SECCTL = 0x00090000

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (8a) Delay...

C66xx_0: GEL Output: PLL1_DIV3 = 0x00008002

C66xx_0: GEL Output: PLL1_DIV4 = 0x00008004

C66xx_0: GEL Output: PLL1_DIV7 = 0x00000000

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (8d/e) Delay...

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (10) Delay...

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (12) Delay...

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (13) SECCTL = 0x00090000

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (Delay...

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (Delay...

C66xx_0: GEL Output: (14) PLLCTL = 0x00000041

C66xx_0: GEL Output: PLL has been configured (CLKIN * PLLM / PLLD / PLLOD = PLLOUT):

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 C66xx_0: GEL Output: PLL has been1.1.
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Getting Started Guide —MHz * 16 SDK
Processor / 1 Linux
/ 2 Documentation
= 983.04 MHz)

C66xx_0: GEL Output: Power on all PSC modules and DSP domains...

C66xx_0: GEL Output: Power on all PSC modules and DSP domains... Done.

C66xx_0: GEL Output: WARNING: SYSCLK is the input to the PA PLL.

C66xx_0: GEL Output: Completed PA PLL Setup

C66xx_0: GEL Output: PAPLLCTL0 - before: 0x0x07080400 after: 0x0x07080400

C66xx_0: GEL Output: PAPLLCTL1 - before: 0x0x00002040 after: 0x0x00002040

C66xx_0: GEL Output: DDR begin

C66xx_0: GEL Output: XMC setup complete.

C66xx_0: GEL Output: DDR3 PLL (PLL2) Setup ...

C66xx_0: GEL Output: DDR3 PLL Setup complete, DDR3A clock now running at 666 MHz.

C66xx_0: GEL Output: DDR3A initialization complete

C66xx_0: GEL Output: DDR3 PLL Setup ...

C66xx_0: GEL Output: DDR3 PLL Setup complete, DDR3B clock now running at 800MHz.

C66xx_0: GEL Output: DDR3B initialization complete

C66xx_0: GEL Output: DDR done

Writer:/home/user/ti-processor-sdk-linux-k2hk-evm-
02.00.01.07/bin/program_evm/binaries/evmk2h/norwriter_evmk2h.out

NOR:/home/user/ti-processor-sdk-linux-k2hk-evm-02.00.01.07/bin/program_evm/binaries/evmk2h/nor.bin

Start loading nor.bin

Start programming NOR
2016_01_7_174332
NOR Writer Utility Version 01.00.00.04

Flashing sector 0 (0 bytes of 458752)

Flashing sector 1 (65536 bytes of 458752)
Flashing sector 2 (131072 bytes of 458752)
Flashing sector 3 (196608 bytes of 458752)
Flashing sector 4 (262144 bytes of 458752)
Flashing sector 5 (327680 bytes of 458752)
Flashing sector 6 (393216 bytes of 458752)
Reading and verifying sector 0 (0 bytes of 458752)
Reading and verifying sector 1 (65536 bytes of 458752)
Reading and verifying sector 2 (131072 bytes of 458752)
Reading and verifying sector 3 (196608 bytes of 458752)
Reading and verifying sector 4 (262144 bytes of 458752)
Reading and verifying sector 5 (327680 bytes of 458752)
Reading and verifying sector 6 (393216 bytes of 458752)
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 NOR programming completed successfully
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End programming NOR

 Note

For EVMs without Security Accelerator components, PSC errors will show up due to a
known issue in GEL le. The PSC errors can be ignored and are not fatal. The program
EVM will proceed and complete successfully.

Programming the bin les for devices without DSP core

This section describes how to program the bin les to either NOR or NAND on the devices
without DSP core (AM5K2E02 and AM5K2E04). The installation of Processor SDK and Code
Composer Studio is required.

Set up TFTP server on the Linux host machine

Eable the TFTP server service on the Linux host machine, and copy u-boot-{platform].gph
and isdk-server-rootfs-image-{platform].ubi from ProSDK installed directory to the tftp
server directory. The les are located in board-support/prebuilt-images and lesystem
directory respectively.

Have the Ethernet connection between the EVM and TFTP Server.

Set the EVM for no-boot mode

Follow the instruction in previous section to set the dip switch of the EVM in no-boot mode

Load and Run U-Boot on keystone EVMs using CCS

Follow the instructions in {Proc_SDK_Install_Dir}/board-support/u-boot-

{Version}/board/ti/ks2_evm/README to run u-boot using CCS

Con guration for TFTP download

Interrupt the boot process when running u-boot using CCS. In the u-boot prompt console,
con gure the u-boot environment variables for TFTP download

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# setenv serverip <TFTP_SERVER_IP>
# setenv tftp_root <TFTP_SERVER_DOWNLOAD_DIR>

Restore Factory default images

To restore the u-boot image in NOR:

# run get_uboot_net
# run burn_uboot_spi

To restore the combined kernel and leystem UBI image in NAND:

# run get_ubi_net
# run burn_ubi

 Note

When programming UBI image to NAND, be sure the UBI image size is enough to t in
NAND memory.

Reset U-Boot Environment Variables

Reset U-Boot environment variables if U-Boot version has been changed

# env default -f -a
# saveenv

Veri cation

Serial Port Setup

Connect the RS232 Serial cable provided in the box to the serial port of the Host PC. If Host
is running Windows OS, start tera term and con gure the serial port settings as follows.

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1.1.4.7. Verifying NOR

EVMK2H, EVMK2E, EVMK2L

1. Set the dip switches as below to set SPI boot mode

SWITCH Pin1 Pin2 Pin3 Pin4

SW1 O O On O

2. Power Cycle the board.

3. Make sure the evm is connected to the DHCP server.
4. U-Boot will show up on the UART. A sample screen is shown below.

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EVMK2H, EVMK2E, EVMK2L

NOR(U-Boot) must be ashed prior to performing any of the steps below.

For EVMK2H, EVMK2E & EVMK2L it is necessary to reformat the NAND Flash prior to
burning the image. Example command to do this:

%DSS_SCRIPT_DIR%\dss.sh program_evm.js evmk2h format-nand

After entering the command, burn the NAND and perform the steps below to verify.

1. Set the dip switches as below to set SPI boot mode

SWITCH Pin1 Pin2 Pin3 Pin4

SW1 O O On O

2. Power Cycle the board. U-Boot will show up on the UART.

3. Type the following commands into U-Boot:

env default –f –a
setenv boot ubi
boot

4. A sample screen is shown below.

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1.1.5. Run Setup Scripts

Overview

After installation of the SDK on the Linux host, the setup script should be run to
prepare the host for software development. Some of the tasks require administrator
privileges. The script will prompt you when these administrator privileges are required.
The setup script does the following things:
Veri cation that the Linux host is the recommended Ubuntu LTS version
Installation of required host packages
Target FileSystem installation
NFS setup
TFTP setup
Minicom setup
uboot setup
Load uboot script

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BeagleBone Black Users

To run the SDK’s setup scripts the following cables are required to be connected to the
BeagleBone Black and your Linux PC. Please ensure both are connected before following
any of the steps in this guide.

USB Mini cable (included with BBBlack)

FTDI Serial cable

Clearing the eMMC

The BeagleBone Black includes an eMMC device on it which comes pre- ashed with an
Angstrom distribution. Because eMMC is the default boot mode for this board we need to
prevent it from being able to boot by either removing or renaming the MLO.

To do this you will need to wipe out the MLO le stored in the eMMC.

To eliminate the MLO rst boot up the board with the USB mini cable connected to the
board and your PC. Once the Angstrom kernel loads your host will mount the eMMC boot
partition on your Linux host under /media/BEAGLEBONE. You can then erase or rename
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login to the BeagleBone Black and rename or remove
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/boot/MLO (e.g., mv /boot/MLO /boot/OLDMLO).

Once the above steps are completed you can follow the remaining steps on this guide to
execute the setup script.

Restoring the eMMC

Instructions on restoring the eMMC can be found here.

K2H/K2K, K2L, and K2E Users

For K2H/K2K, K2L, and K2E platforms, if u-boot has not been loaded before or the previous
u-boot is somehow corrupted, please rst program the EVMs following the instructions at
Program EVM User Guide. After that, continue to follow the sections below to use the
setup scripts.

How to run the setup script

The Setup Script is located in the Processor SDK installation directory.  By default, this
directory has a name that has the form ti-processor-sdk-linux-<Hardware-Platform>-
<Version>.  Change to that ti-processor-sdk-linux install directory.  Then run the script:

./setup.sh

 Note

The Setup Script will rst check to see if the user is running the recommended Ubuntu
Long Term Support (LTS) distribution, if not it will exit. If the user is running on a
di erent Ubuntu version or another Linux distribution, they are encouraged to modify
the environment setup script to match their distribution. See which version of Ubuntu
is currently supported here.

Detailed step by step description through the setup script

The following sections describe in more detail how to run the script and what is doing.

Installation of Required Host Packages

This section will check to make sure you have the proper host support packages to allow
you do the following tasks:

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bring up menucon g, the kernel con guration tool

mounting lesystem via nfs
tftp
bring up minicom
rebuild u-boot

If your host lacks any of the needed packages, they will automatically be installed in this
step.

 Note

This command requires you to have administrator priviliges (sudo access) on your host.

The command below is an example of what this script is doing. The actual packages may
vary for di erent releases:

sudo apt-get install xinetd tftpd nfs-kernel-server minicom build-essential libncurses5-

dev autoconf automake dos2unix screen lrzsz lzop u-boot-tools

Add to Dialout Group

 Note

This part requires you to have administrator priviliges (sudo access).

A unique step is required for users using Ubuntu 12.04+. By default the user does not have
the proper permissions to access a serial device ( ex ttyS0, ttyUSB0, etc...). A user must be
apart of a “dialout” group to access these serial device without root privileges.

During this step the script will check if the current Linux user is apart of the dialout group.
If not the current Linux user will automatically be added to the dialout group. The Linux
user will still be required to use sudo when accessing the serial device until the user logs
out and then logs back in.

Target FileSystem Installation

This step will extract the target lesystem.

 Note

This part requires you to have administrator priviliges (sudo access).

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x.x.x.x/targetNFS

In which directory do you want to install the target filesystem?(if this directory does not exist
it will be created)
[ /home/user/ti-processor-sdk-linux-[platformName]-evm-x.x.x.x/targetNFS ]

You can override the default location by typing in another location or by hitting <Enter>
you can accept the default location. This can take a little time to untar and unzip the
lesytem.

If you have run this script more than once and the lesystem already exists, you will be
asked to either:

rename the lesystem

overwrite the lesystem
skip lesystem extraction

NFS Setup

This step will allow you to export your lesystem which was extracted in the previous step.

 Note

This command requires you to have administrator priviliges (sudo access).

This step adds the path to root lesystem from the previous step to the le /etc/exports
on your host.
The NFS kernel daemon is then stopped and then restarted to make sure the exported
le system is recognized.

TFTP Setup

This section will setup tftp access on your host.

 Note

This command requires you to have administrator priviliges (sudo access) on your host.

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Which directory do you want to be your tftp root directory?(if this directory does not exist it
will be created for you)
[ /tftpboot ]

The default location is /tftpboot which is o of the root directory on your linux host and
requires administrator privileges. You can hit <Enter> to select the default location or type
in another path to override the default. Then the following task occur:

A tftp con g le is created for you on your host at /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

The tftp server is stopped and then restarted to insure the changes are picked up.

If you have run this script more than once or the lename already exists, you will be asked
to select one of the following options.

rename the lesystem

overwrite the lesystem
skip lesystem extraction

Repeat this for any additional prompts about /tftpboot les.

Minicom Setup

This step will set up minicom (serial communication application) for SDK development.

Which serial port do you want to use with minicom?

[ /dev/ttyUSB0 ]

For most boards, the default /dev/ttyUSB0 should be selected. For Beaglebone which has a
USB-to-Serial converter, just hit enter and the proper serial port will be setup in a later
step.

A minicom con guration will be saved for you at /home/user/.minirc.d

The old con guration if there was one will be saved at /home/user/.minirc.d .old

The con guration saved to /home/user/.minirc.d can be changed, see the Software
Development Guide for more information.

 Note

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/dev/ttyUSBx

uboot Setup

This section will create the necessary u-boot commands to boot up your board.

The script will detect your ip address and display it. You can override the detected value by
entering an alternate value.

This step will set up the u-boot variables for booting the EVM.
Autodetected the following ip address of your host, correct it if necessary
[ xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx ]

Next, you will be prompted where you prefer your kernel and le system to be located.

Kernel location
TFTP - located on your Host in your designated /tftpboot directory
SD card - located in the 1st partition named “boot” of your SD card
Filesystem location
NFS - located on your Host. The location is where the le system was extracted in an
earlier step.
SD card - located on the 2nd partition named “rootfs” of your SD card.

 Note

The option of “SD card” is not applicable to K2H/K2K, K2E, and K2L platforms.
Therefore, please use TFTP/NFS for those keystone2 platforms.

Next if you have selected TFTP, you will be prompted which uImage you want to boot using
TFTP. You will be given a list of existing uImage’s and you can type one in from the list or
hit <Enter> to select the default option. The default option will be the uImage
corresponding to the SDK installation. This will be used in the next step to create the
necessary u-boot options to boot up your device.

Load uboot Script

This section creates a minicom script or a uEnv.txt le which will be used by u-boot to
provide the necessary commands to boot up in the preferred con guration.

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For boards with straight serial connectors and K2H/K2K, K2E, and K2L platforms, a
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minicom script is created.

For boards like beaglebone with a USB-to-Serial con guration, then a uEnv.txt script is
created and placed in the /boot partition of the SD card.

 Note

For devices which create a uEnv.txt, the device must already be booted up with the
USB-to-Serial connector attached to the Host. Further the Host must recognize the boot
and START_HERE partitions.

1.1.6. Top-Level Make le

Overview

Inside of the Processor Linux SDK there is a top-level Make le that can be used to build
some of the sub-components found within the SDK. This Make le uses the Rules.make le
and gives an example of how the various components can be built and the parameters to
use.

NOTE: You should not call this make le with the environment-setup script sourced. The
sub-component Make les will handle sourcing this script where appropriate, but some
make targets such as the Linux kernel make target do not work properly when this script is
already sourced.

Rules.make

The following sections cover the Rules.make le found in the top-level of the Processor
Linux SDK.

Purpose

The Rules.make le in the top-level of the Processor Linux SDK is used not only by the top-
level Make le, but also by many of the sub-component Make les to gain access to
common shared variables and settings. The next section covers the main variables de ned
in the Rules.make le.

Variables De ned

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PLATFORM - This represents the machine name of the device supported by the SDK.
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This machine name has a direct correlation to the machine de nition in the Arago
project build system. The PLATFORM variable can be used by component Make les to
make decisions on a per-machine basis.
ARCH - This represents the architecture family of the machine. This can be used by
component Make les to change settings such as mtune values in CFLAGS based on the
architecture of the PLATFORM.
UBOOT_MACHINE - This us used when building u-boot to con gure the u-boot sources
for the correct device.
TI_SDK_PATH - This points to the top-level of the SDK. This is the same directory where
the Rules.make le itself is located.
DESTDIR - This points to the base installation directory that applications/drivers should
be installed to. This is usually the root of a target le system but can be changed to
point anywhere. By default the initial value is a unique key value of __DESTDIR__ which
is replaced with the location of the target NFS le system when the setup.sh script is
run.
LINUX_DEVKIT_PATH - This points to the linux-devkit directory. This directory is the
base directory containing the cross-compiler and cross-libraries as well as the
environment-setup script used by many component Make les to source additional
variable settings.
CROSS_COMPILE - This setting represents the CROSS_COMPILE pre x to be used when
invoking the cross-compiler. Many components such as the Linux kernel use the
variable CROSS_COMPILE to prepend the proper pre x to commands such as gcc to
invoke the ARM cross-compiler.
ENV_SETUP - This points to the environment-setup script in the linux-devkit directory
used by many components to con gure for a cross-compilation build.
LINUXKERNEL_INSTALL_DIR - This points to the location of the Linux kernel sources,
which is used by components such as out-of-tree kernel drivers to nd the Linux kernel
Make les and headers.

Make le

The following sections cover the Make le found in the top-level of the Processor Linux SDK

Target Types

For each of the targets discussed below the following target type are de ned

<target> - This is the build target which will compile the release version of the
component
<target>_install - This target will install the component to the location pointed to by
DESTDIR
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<target>_clean - This target1.1.
will clean the component
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Top-Level Targets

The Processor Linux SDK provides the following targets by default which will invoke the
corresponding component targets:

all - This will call the build target for each component de ned in the Make le
install - This will call the install target for each component de ned in the Make le
clean - This will call the clean target for each component de ned in the Make le

Common Targets

The following targets are common to all platforms in Processor Linux SDK:

linux - Compiles the Linux kernel using the default tisdk_<PLATFORM>_defcon g

con guration
matrix-gui - Builds the matrix-gui sources
am-benchmarks - Builds the ARM Benchmarks for the ARCH de ned in Rules.make
am-sysinfo - Build the helper applications used by the system settings demos in Matrix
matrix-gui-browser - Builds the matrix GUI browser Qt project
refresh-screen - Builds the refresh screen Qt project

Additional Targets

Depending on the capabilities and software available for a given device additional targets
may also be de ned. You can nd the list of all the targets by looking at the all target as
described in the **Top-Level Targets** section above. Add devices will have one or the
other of the following targets depending on the u-boot version used:

u-boot-spl - This target will build both u-boot and the u-boot SPL (MLO) binaries used in
newer versions of u-boot. This actually provides a u-boot and u-boot-spl target in the
Make le.
u-boot-legacy - This target will build the u-boot binary for older versions of u-boot
which do not support the SPL build.
wireless - A wireless top-level build target that can be used to rebuild the wireless
drivers against the kernel sources in the board-support directory.

Usage Examples

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tasks. All of the examples below assume that you are calling the Make le from the top-
level of the SDK.

Build Everything

host# make

Clean Everything

host# make clean

Install Everything

host# make install

Build the Linux kernel

host# make linux

Install the Linux kernel modules

host# make linux_install

Build the ARM Benchmarks

host# make am-benchmarks

Clean the ARM Benchmarks

host# make am-benchmarks_clean

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Install the ARM Benchmarks

host# make am-benchmarks_install

A Note about Out-of-tree Kernel Modules

Some drivers like the SGX drivers are delivered as modules outside of the kernel tree. If
you rebuild the kernel and install it using the “make linux_install” target you will also need
to rebuild the out of tree modules and install them as well. The modules_install command
used by the linux_install target will remove any existing drivers before installing the new
ones. This means those drivers are no longer available until they have been rebuilt against
the kernel and re-installed.

A Note about the Linux Kernel Version

To simplify and accelerate rebuilding and installing the linux kernel, the le .scmversion is
included in the kernel source tree to pin down the version of the kernel provided in the
SDK. If upgrading the kernel sources or adding new commits, this le should be removed
so that the appropriate version is built into the kernel image.

1.1.7. GCC ToolChain

Overview

The Processor SDK for Linux contains a Linaro based toolchain for Cortex A devices. The
Linaro toolchain also enables hardware oating point (hardfp) support. Older toolchains
including arm-arago-linux-gnueabi- uses software oating point (softfp). This results in
software built using a hardfp toolchain being incompatible with software built with a softfp
toolchain.

Linaro Toolchain

The Processor SDK for Linux uses a Linaro based tool chain. Other than using a newer
version of GCC the Linaro tool chain also supports hard oating point also known as Hard-
FP. Hard-FP uses the FPU on the ARM instead of simulating it. Older tool chains including
the Arago tool chain uses soft oating point (Soft-FP). Binaries built using a soft-fp tool
chain are not compatible with binaries built using a hard-fp. Therefore, you must rebuild
all binaries to use either hard-fp and soft-fp since you can’t mix and match. By default all
binaries included in the Processor SDK for Linux will be built for hard-fp.

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have also been updated from older versions of the
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SDK. Previous versions may have used a pre x of “arm-arago-linux-gnueabi-”. Current

SDK toolchains uses a pre x of “arm-linux-gnueabihf-” For example, the new toolchain’s
gcc compiler is named arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc.

Linux-Devkit Structure

Here is the structure of the Linux-devkit directory within the SDK.

Element Location

Toolchain Location linux-devkit/sysroots/x86_64-arago-linux/usr/bi

Cross Compile Libraries Location linux-devkit/sysroots/<device speci c string>-vf

Headers for Cross Compiled Libraries Location linux-devkit/sysroots/<device speci c string>-vf

Location in SDK

The toolchain is located in the Linux SDK in the <SDK INSTALL DIR>/linux-devkit directory.
The following sections will cover the key components of the toolchain.

Cross-Compilers/Tools

The cross-compilers and tools such as qmake2 can be found the the <SDK INSTALL
DIR>/linux-devkit/bin directory. Adding this directory to your PATH will allow using these
tools. For example:

host# export PATH=”<SDK INSTALL DIR>/linux-devkit/sysroots/x86_64-arago-

linux/usr/bin:$PATH”

The cross-compile tools are pre xed with the arm-linux-gnueabihf- pre x. i.e. the GCC
cross compiler is called arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc. Additional tools are also located here
such as the qmake2, rcc, uic tools used by Qt. In addition there is a qt.conf le that can be
used by tools such as Qt creator to use the pre-built libraries found in the Linux SDK.

Cross-Compiled Libraries

The toolchain within the Linux SDK contains more than just the cross-compiler, it also
contains pre-built libraries that can be used in your applications without requiring you to
cross-compile them yourself. These libraries include packages from alsa to zlib. The
libraries are located in the <SDK INSTALL DIR>/linux-devkit/sysroots/<device speci c
string>-vfp-neon-linux-gnueabi/ directory. For a list of the libraries you can refer to the
software manifest found in the <SDK INSTALL DIR>/docs directory or look at the list of
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string>-vfp-neon-linux-gnueabi/usr/lib directory. You will also nd the header les

corresponding to these libraries in the <SDK INSTALL DIR>/linux-devkit/sysroots/<device
speci c string>-vfp-neon-linux-gnueabi/usr/include directory. Usage of these libraries
will be covered in more detail in the next sections, but as an example if your application
wants access to the alsa asound library then you can now do the following command
(assuming you have added the cross compiler to your PATH):

host# arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -lasound app.c -o app.out |

environment-setup script

When cross-compiling packages that use con guration tools and autotools there are many
settings that are required to make sure that the proper cross-compile libraries are used.
The environment-setup script located in the <SDK INSTALL DIR>/linux-devkit directory
handles this for you. This script exports variables to perform actions such as:

Adding the toolchain to the PATH

Setting up CPATH
Setting up PKG_CONFIG_* paths
Setting standard variable such as CC, CPP, AR to the cross-compile values

To use the environment-setup script you only need to source it. This is as simple as:

host# source linux-devkit/environment-setup |

To know if the environment setup script has been sourced in your current shell the shell
prompt will be changed to contain the [linux-devkit]: pre x in the command prompt.

The Usage section below will cover some cases where using the environment-setup script
is useful.

When Compiling the Linux Kernel

Because environment-setup changes standard variables such as CC you should not use
this script when compiler projects that build host-side as well as target-side tools. A prime
example of this is the Linux kernel, which builds some host side tools to help during the
kernel build. If the environment-setup script has been sourced then the CC value will
specify the cross-compiler for the host-side tool build. This means that the tools compiled
and used during the kernel build will be compiled for the ARM platform while the kernel
build tries to run these tools on an Intel platform. This will cause the tools to fail to run and
the kernel to fail to compile.

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The following sections give some examples of how to use the included toolchain to
compile simple applications such as HelloWorld to more complex examples such as
con guring and compiler GStreamer plugins.

Simple Cross-Compile

In the simplest case the cross-compiler can be used to compile simple applications that
just need access to standard libraries. The two examples below cover an application that
uses only the standard libgcc libraries and another example that uses the pthreads
threading library.

HelloWorld

Simple applications like HelloWorld can be compiled using just a call to the cross-compiler
since the cross-compiler can nd the libraries it was built with without any issues. The
following steps will show how to make a simple helloworld application and cross-compile
that application.

Create a helloworld.c le |

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
printf ("Hello World from TI!!!\n");
return 0;
}

Cross-compile the helloworld.c le using the cross-compile toolchain. In this example we

will invoke the toolchain without it having been added to our PATH.

host# <SDK INSTALL DIR>/linux-devkit/sysroots/x86_64-arago-linux/usr/bin/arm-linux-

gnueabihf-gcc helloworld.c -o helloworld

After the above steps are run you should now have a helloworld executable in your
directory that has been compiled for the ARM. A simple way to check this is to run the
following command:

host# le helloworld
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This should yield output like:

“helloworld: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses
shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.31, not stripped”

 Note

The ARM entry above was made bold for emphasis.

Using PThreads

In many cases your simple application probably wants to use additional libraries than the
standard libgcc and glibc libraries. In this case you will need to include the header les for
those libraries as well as add the library to the compile line. In this example we will look at
how to build a simple threading application and use the pthread library. This example was
derived from the example code at **http://www.amparo.net/ce155/thread-ex.html**

Create a le thread-ex.c with the following contents

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#include <unistd.h>;
#include <sys/types.h>;
#include <errno.h>;
#include <stdio.h>;
#include <stdlib.h>;
#include <pthread.h>;
#include <string.h>;

int print_message_function(void *ptr);

/* struct to hold data to be passed to a thread

this shows how multiple data items can be passed to a thread */
typedef struct str_thdata
{
int thread_no;
char message[100];
} thdata;

int main(int argc, void **argv)

{
pthread_t thread1, thread2;
thdata data1, data2;

data1.thread_no = 1;
strcpy(data1.message, "Hello!");

data2.thread_no = 2;
strcpy(data2.message, "Hi!");

pthread_create (&thread1, NULL, (void *) &print_message_function, (void *) &data1);

pthread_create (&thread2, NULL, (void *) &print_message_function, (void *) &data2);

pthread_join(thread1, NULL);
pthread_join(thread2, NULL);

exit(0);
}

int print_message_function ( void *ptr )

{
thdata *data;
data = (thdata *) ptr; /* type cast to a pointer to thdata */

/* do the work */
printf("Thread %d says%s \n", data->thread_no, data->message);

return 0;
}

Cross-compile the thread-ex.c le using the cross-compile toolchain. In this example we

will rst add the toolchain to our PATH. This only needs to be done once. We will also add
the pthread library to the compile line so that we will link with the library le that provides
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 the pthread_* functions. |
11/13/2018 1.1. Getting Started Guide — Processor SDK Linux Documentation

export PATH=”<SDK INSTALL DIR>/linux-devkit/sysroots/x86_64-arago-

linux/usr/bin/:$PATH”

arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc ‘-lpthread’ thread-ex.c -o thread-ex

 Note

The -lpthread entry above was made italics for emphasis.

Con gure/Autotools

The last case to cover is one where the environment-setup script is useful. In this case we
will download the gst-plugins-bad package and con gure and build it using the
environment-setup script to con gure the system for the autotools to properly detect the
libraries available as pre-built libraries.

1. First download the gst-plugins-bad-0.10.11.tar.gz package wget

http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/src/gst-plugins-bad/gst-plugins-bad-0.10.11.tar.gz

IMPORTANT In order to build the gst-plugins-bad package you will need libglib2.0-
dev installed on your system. You can install this using sudo apt-get install
libglib2.0-dev

2. Extract the plugins tarball tar zxf gst-plugins-bad-0.10.11.tar.gz

3. Change directory into the extracted sources cd gst-plugins-bad-0.10.11
4. Source the <SDK INSTALL DIR>/linux-devkit/environment-setup script to prepare to
con gure and build the plugins. source <SDK INSTALL DIR>/linux-devkit/environment-
setup
5. Now con gure the package. We need to de ne the host setting to tell the con guration
utility what our host system is, and we will also disable some plugins that are known to
be bad. ./con gure –host=i686 –disable-deinterlace2 –disable-x264
6. When the con guration is done the last sections will show which plugins will be build
based on the libraries available. This is the key point behind what the environment-
setup script provides. By setting up the PKG_CONFIG_* paths and other variables the
con gure script was able to check for required libraries being available to know which
plugins to enable. Now that the sources have been con gured you can compile them
with a simple make command. make

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