The document summarizes properties of s-block metal hydroxides, halides, carbonates, nitrides, sulphates and nitrates. It states that reactivity of hydroxides decreases from Be(OH)2 to Ba(OH)2 with only first two undergoing hydrolysis. Reactivity of halides decreases from BeCl2 to BaCl2 with only first two undergoing hydrolysis. Stability of carbonates increases from BeCO3 to BaCO3 with only first one decomposing to oxides at low temperature.
The document summarizes properties of s-block metal hydroxides, halides, carbonates, nitrides, sulphates and nitrates. It states that reactivity of hydroxides decreases from Be(OH)2 to Ba(OH)2 with only first two undergoing hydrolysis. Reactivity of halides decreases from BeCl2 to BaCl2 with only first two undergoing hydrolysis. Stability of carbonates increases from BeCO3 to BaCO3 with only first one decomposing to oxides at low temperature.
The document summarizes properties of s-block metal hydroxides, halides, carbonates, nitrides, sulphates and nitrates. It states that reactivity of hydroxides decreases from Be(OH)2 to Ba(OH)2 with only first two undergoing hydrolysis. Reactivity of halides decreases from BeCl2 to BaCl2 with only first two undergoing hydrolysis. Stability of carbonates increases from BeCO3 to BaCO3 with only first one decomposing to oxides at low temperature.
The document summarizes properties of s-block metal hydroxides, halides, carbonates, nitrides, sulphates and nitrates. It states that reactivity of hydroxides decreases from Be(OH)2 to Ba(OH)2 with only first two undergoing hydrolysis. Reactivity of halides decreases from BeCl2 to BaCl2 with only first two undergoing hydrolysis. Stability of carbonates increases from BeCO3 to BaCO3 with only first one decomposing to oxides at low temperature.
Be(OH)2 reacts with acids as well as base, due to their amphoteric nature. Other hydroxides react with acids only. (iv) Halides / Chlorides : (iv) Halides / Chlorides : (1) Alkali metals directly combine with halogen to form (1) All these metals react with halogens to form MX2 type halides (MX), which are ionic compounds. halides (BeCl2, MgCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2, BaCl2) (2) Hydrolysis of Halides : The ionic compounds get (2) Ba turns on coming on contact with chlorine. dissolved in water, while the covalent compounds get (3) Covalent character of these halides decreases from Hydrolysed. Ionic character increases from LiCl to CsCl. BeCl2 to BaCl2. Therefore, the amount of hydrolysis also Therefore, the amount of hydrolysis of decreases from decreases from BeCl2 to BaCl2. Only BeCl2 and MgCl2 LiCl to CsCl. get hydrolysed due to their covalent nature .Other halides (3) LiCl gets hydrolysed due to its covalent nature. do not get hydrolysed. Decreasing order of these halides in undergoing Hydrolysis is as follows : hydrolysis is as follows " BeCl2 > MgCl2 > CaCl2 > SrCl2 > BaCl2 LiCl > NaCl > KCl > RbCl > CsCl (v) Metal carbonates (v) Metal carbonates : (1) All these metals from M2CO3 type carbonates. (1) All these metals form MCO3 type carbonates (Li2CO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3, Rb2CO3, Cs2CO3) (BeCO3, MgCO3, CaCO3, SrCO3, BaCO3) (2) Li2CO3 is least stable out of all these carbonates, (2) BeCO3 is least stable out of all these carbonates because it is covalent and decomposes to Li2O and because it is covalent and decomposes to BeO and CO2 at low temperature. Order of their stability is as CO2 at low temperature. Order of their stability is as follows : follows. Li2CO3 < Na2CO3 < K2CO3 < Rb2CO3 < Cs2CO3 BeCO3 < MgCO3 < CaCO3 < SrCO3 < BaCO3 (3) Stability of carbonates of IA group metals > stability of (3) Stability of Carbonates of IIA group metals < stability carbonates of IIA group metals. of carbonates of IA group metals.
(vi) Nitrides : (vi) Nitrides :
Among all alkali metals, only lithium directly combines Only Be and Mg (and to some extent Ca) burn in N2 to with nitrogen to form nitride. Other alkali meta ls combine form nitrides (M3N2), which decomposes to give NH3. indirectly with nitrogen, because Li3N is covalent and 3Mg + N2 → Mg3N2 as the metallic character increases, the tendency of Mg3N2 + 6H2O → 3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3 donating electron and forming ionic bond increases. Due to which strength of metal nitrogen bond decreases (vii) Sulphates : (vii) Sulphates : Li2SO4 , Na2SO4 < K2SO4 < RbSO3 < Cs2SO4 Solubility of Sulphates : Their hydration energy is high due to small size of Be+2 and Mg+2 and it overcomes the lattice energy. This is the reason why BeSO4 > MgSO4 > CaSO4 > SrSO4 > BaSO4 Increasing order of thermal stability (viii) Nitrates : BeSO4 < MgSO4 < CaSO4 < SrSO4 < BaSO4 LiNO3 decomposes to Li2O at low temperature, whereas (viii) Nitrates : NaNO3 gets decomposed to NaNO2 These metals also form M(NO3)2 and allnitrates give oxides on decomposition.
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