Science 6th primary 1st term unit 1 lesson1

Mass and weight

1- MASS
It is The amount of matter in an object.
The properties of mass :
The mass of an object increases when the amount of matter in it increases and
1
vice versa
All matter have mass whatever their physical states (solids, liquids or gases)
2

All matter have mass whatever their shapes (one piece, particles, powder , pure or
3

a
mixture).

sh
4 All matter have mass whatever their places (on the moon or any other planet).

The mass of any matter is a fixed (stable) value and it does not change
5 by changing :
a. the state of matter. Ba
b. the place of matter.
El
The measuring units of mass:
ed

Gram (g) kilogram (kg) Ton

hm

It equal the mass of one liter

of water at the normal
It is suitable for measuring
temperature.
small masses such as
r.A

It is suitable for measuring

jewelry.
large masses as fruits and
-It is equals to the vegetables. It is used to measure
mass of a paper clip.
M

-It is equal to the very big masses.

the mass of one
liter of
distilled water.

Note :
• The mass of any matter is fixed (stable) and does not change by changing the
place of matter.

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 Science 6th primary 1st term unit 1 lesson1

The measuring Tools of mass:

Types of scales are

Two arms balance scale Two arms sensitive scale

a
One arm scale with pointer One arm digital scale

sh
Ba
El
ed

Activity 1
hm

How do you measure the mass of a solid object by a balance (two arms) scale.
Conclusion
The mass = total mass of the standard masses.
r.A
M

Activity 2
How do you measure the mass of a liquid by balance or digital scale?
Conclusion
Mass of liquid = mass of the glass with liquid – mass of empty glass.

Mass of liquid = M2 - M1

** by increasing the object's mass, it is more difficult to move it.

Example
Locomotive has bigger mass than car, so the locomotive needs a stronger force to stop than
what is needed for the car.

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 Science 6th primary 1st term unit 1 lesson1

2 - Weight

To discover the concept of weight , answer the following question!!!!

*** Are the children fall down when they jump up on the earth's
surface?

*** Does the astronaut fall down when he jumps from a high position in
the space?

*** if you carry your pen and leave it , while you are on the earth's surface, will it fall down?

a
*** if the astronaut carries a pen and left it, will it fall down?

sh
We conclude that :
Ba
Object's falling downward on the earth because of a force called weight
((gravitational force)).
El
Weight:
ed

It is the gravitational force by which a body is attracted to the earth.

hm

 effect of weight is always directed towards the center of the earth.

 On earth. All objects have weight. But in space all objects are in a state of
weightlessness.
r.A

So,
M

Everything seems weightless inside the spacecraft which revolves around the
earth.

**Newton is the measuring unit of weight.

Newton:
It is the measuring unit of weight and almost equal to weight of an object on earth's surface
whose mass is 100 grams.
Question??
What is mean by the mass of a small apple is 200 grams?
This means that the weight of this apple equals 2 Newton.

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 Science 6th primary 1st term unit 1 lesson1

*** spring scale is the measuring device of weight:

.

Activity 2
How can we measure the object's weight???
** by using the spring scale by determining the extension of its spring.

The factors affecting weight:

By three factors

a
1- object's mass.

sh
2- Planet (place) where the object exists.
3- Distance between the object and the center of the
planet.
Ba
El
1- the object's mass
ed

Activity 3
To discover the relation between mass and weight.
hm

Steps:
1- measure the mass of the first object by using the
balance scale and its weight by the spring scale.
r.A

Repeat the previous step with the other objects and write the results in a table.
M

Object's mass(kg) 1 2 3 4 5
Object's weight
10 20 30 40 50
(Newton).

Observation:
Weight of object on earth increases by increasing the object's mass.
Conclusion:
Weight (Newton) = Mass (kg) × 10
G.R: the relation between the weight of an object and its mass is directly
relationship.

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 Science 6th primary 1st term unit 1 lesson1

Exercise
Calculate the mass of an object that its weight equals 90 Newton??

2 – the place where the object exists:

As the mass of the planet (place) increases, the gravitational force for an object
increases, so he weight of the object increases.

*** the object weight differ when we change the place

*** weight of object on moon = 1/6 of its weight on earth, because earth has
greater mass and gravitational force than moon.

a
sh
3 – distanc ebetween object and the center of the planet:
The weight of any body decreases when the distance between the body and the
center of the planet increases as the gravitational force decreases.

Example
Ba
El
Weight of a person in a balloon is smaller than that on earth as the gravitational
force decreases.
ed

Comparison between Mass and Weight

hm

Point of comparison Mass Weight

Definition The amount of matter in an The gravitational force
object. by which the body is
r.A

attracted to the earth.

Measuring unit: Kilogram or gram or ton. Newton.
M

Measuring device: Two- arm scales and one Spring scale.

arm scales.
The direction o its effect: It has no effect Its effect is always
directed towards the
center of earth
(downward).
The effect of changing the Constant. Variable.
place:

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 Science 6th primary 1st term unit 1 lesson1

Vocabulary
Weight ‫وزن‬ Extenstion ‫اﻣﺘﺪاد‬
Mass ‫ﻛﺘﻠﺔ‬ Dawnwards ‫ﻻﺳﻔﻞ‬
Concept ‫ﻣﻔﮭﻮم‬ Planet ‫ﻛﻮﻛﺐ‬
Amount ‫ﻛﻤﯿﺔ‬ Determining ‫ﯾﺤﺪد‬
Fixed value ‫ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ﺛﺎﺗﺒﮫ‬ Assign ‫ﯾﻘﯿﺲ‬
Physical states ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻔﯿﺰﯾﺎﺋﯿﮫ‬ Direct ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬
Particles ‫ﺟﺰﯾﺌﺎت‬ Relationship ‫ﻋﻼﻗﺔ‬
Devices ‫اﺟﮭﺰه‬ Spring scale ‫ﻣﯿﺰان زﻧﺒﺮﻛﻲ‬
Scale ‫ﻣﻘﯿﺎس‬ Spacecraft ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺔ ﻓﻀﺎء‬
Pointer ‫ﻣﺆﺷﺮ‬ Weightlessness ‫ﻋﺪﯾﻢ اﻟﻮزن‬
Digital scale ‫ﻣﯿﺰان رﻗﻤﻲ‬ Revolve ‫ﯾﺪور‬

a
Standerd mass ‫ﻛﺘﻠﺔ ﻗﯿﺎﺳﯿﮫ‬ Gravitational ‫ﺟﺎذﺑﯿﺔ ارﺿﯿﺔ‬

sh
Locomotive ‫ﻗﻄﺎر‬ Astronaut ‫راﺋﺪ ﻓﻀﺎء‬

Questions on lesson 1
Ba
El
1- ………. is the amount of matte in an object.
ed

2- All matter have …………………….whatever their physical states, their shapes and their
places.
hm

3- ……………….. and ………………….are measuring units of mass.

4- ……………………. equals the mass of one paper clip, but ……………... Equals the mass of one
r.A

liter of water at the normal temperature.

M

5- ……………kg = 8000 grams.

6- Mass is measured by different types of scales as …. and ……….

7- …………………….….. is used to measure the large masses as cheese and vegetables, while
…………………………… is used to measure small masses.

8- One arm scales are divided into ……………………..….. and ……………………..……….

9- …………….…….. is the gravitational force by which a body is attracted to the earth.

10- The effect of weight is always directed towards …………………………..

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 Science 6th primary 1st term unit 1 lesson1

11- The objects seem weightless inside the spacecraft due to the absence of …………….

12- The measuring unit of mass is ……………. Or ……………… whereas the measuring unit of
weight is …………..

13- ………………………….…. Is the measuring unit of weight.

14- When mass of a small ball is 300 grams, so its weight equals………………….…….

15- Spring balance determine ………………………..………

16- Object's weight depends on ……………,……………and …………………………….….

a
17- By increasing the mass of any object, its weight………………………………..….

sh
18-

19-
Ba
relation between the weight and mass is ………………………………..

The weight of an object on the moon's surface equals …..…… of its weight on earth.
El
20- The weight of a book on earth equals…………………..….. times its weight on moon.
ed

Choose the correct answer

hm

1 - ………………….. is the measuring units of mass.

A . gram b. kilogram c. ton d. all the previous.
r.A

2 - …………………….. is the amount of matter in an object.

M

A: mass b. weight c. newton

3 - ………………….. equals the mass of one liter of water at the normal temperature.
A: kilometer b. kilogram c. ton d. meter.

4 – ……………………… is suitable for measuring large masses as fruits and vegetables.

A: kilogram b. gram c. ton d. meter.

5 – the mass of banana fruit on earth ……………………………………….

A: is similar to its mass on moon's surface.
b. is smaller than its mass on moon's surface.
c. is larger than its mass on moon's surface.

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 Science 6th primary 1st term unit 1 lesson1

d. is smaller than its mass on Jupiter surface.

6 - …………………….equal the mass of one paper clip.

A: kilogram b. gram c. newton d. ton

7 - …………………………. Is the gravitational force with which a body is attracted to the earth.
A: weight b. mass c. newton d. balance scale
8 - ………………….. is the measuring unit of weight.
A: newton b. meter c. gram d. kilogram

9 - ………………………. Is the measuring device of weight.

A: spring scale b. balance scale c. one arm scale d. two arm scale.

a
10 – the weight of any body equals…………………………..

sh
A: its mass b. its mass × 100 c. its mass × 10 d. its mass ÷ 100

b. increase c. still constantBa

11 – the weight of any object ……………………… by increasing its mass.
A: decrease d. no correct answer
El
12 - when the weight of bag on moon's surface equals 2 newton so, its weight on the earth's
surface equals ……………………. Newton.
ed

A: 12 b. 9 c. 2 d. 5

13 – the weight of any object …………………… when the distance between body and the center
hm

of the earth increases.

A: increases b. decreases c. constant
r.A

14 – by increasing distance between a person and earth …………………..

A : the gravitational force increases.
M

b. the gravitational force decrease.

c. the weight of person decrease.
d. a and c

Give reasons for:

1 – the book has a mass?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2 – the mass of pen on earth equals mass of the same pen on moon surface?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3 – the weight of any object on earth's surface increases by increasing object's mass?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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 Science 6th primary 1st term unit 1 lesson1

4 – the weight of a bag in a balloon is smaller than that on earth?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5 the weight of a person on earth is larger that on moon surface?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

a
sh
Ba
El
ed
hm
r.A
M