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10Dq 10Dq

1. Transition metal complexes can exist in high or low spin states depending on the strength of the ligand field. Strong field ligands like CN- favor low spin states with electrons pairing up. 2. The table lists common transition metal ions and their spin states based on the number of d electrons. 3. Parts a-i describe the electron configurations and spin states of various transition metal complexes based on the number of d electrons, strength of the ligand field, and coordination geometry.

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Hee Joo Choi
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39 views

10Dq 10Dq

1. Transition metal complexes can exist in high or low spin states depending on the strength of the ligand field. Strong field ligands like CN- favor low spin states with electrons pairing up. 2. The table lists common transition metal ions and their spin states based on the number of d electrons. 3. Parts a-i describe the electron configurations and spin states of various transition metal complexes based on the number of d electrons, strength of the ligand field, and coordination geometry.

Uploaded by

Hee Joo Choi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1)

d2 d8

d3 d9

d4 10Dq d4 10Dq
high spin low spin

d5 10Dq d5 10Dq
high spin low spin

d6 d6
high spin 10Dq low spin 10Dq

d7 d7
high spin 10Dq low spin 10Dq
2)

Spin state Spin quantum number (S) example


d2 1 Ti2+
d3 3/2 V2+
4
d high spin 2 Cr2+
d4 low spin 1 Mo2+
d5 high spin 5/2 Mn2+
d5 low spin 1/2 Re2+
d6 high spin 2 Fe2+
d6 low spin 0 Ru2+
d7 high spin 3/2 Co2+
d7 low spin 1/2 Ir2+
d8 1 Ni2+
d9 1/2 Cu2+

3)

a. Strong field CN ligand leads to large 10Dq and low spin


eg(dx2-y2, dz2)

d6
low spin 10Dq

t2g(dxy, dxz, dyz)

b. Third row transition metals have a large 10Dq. Pt 2+ is d8. Square Planar

dx2-y2

10Dq

dxy

dz2

dyz dxz

c. Third row transition metals have a large 10Dq. Low Spin.


eg(dx2-y2, dz2)

d6
low spin 10Dq

t2g(dxy, dxz, dyz)

d.

dx2-y2 dx2-y2

depending on if
dz 2 the pairing energy dz2
is greater or less
than the energy
gap between the
dxy dxy and dz2 dxy

dyz dxz dyz dxz

e. Second row transition metal and strong field ligands. Low spin
eg(dx2-y2, dz2)

d6
low spin 10Dq

t2g(dxy, dxz, dyz)

f. d10 complex with 4 ligands is tetrahedral


t2(dxy, dxz, dyz)

10Dq
eg(dx2-y2, dz2)

g. d5 and weak field ligands is tetrahedral


t2(dxy, dxz, dyz)

10Dq

eg(dx2-y2, dz2)
h. S = 5/2 tells us we have 5 unpaired spins
eg(dx2-y2, dz2)

d5 10Dq
high spin
t2g(dxy, dxz, dyz)

i. d7. Tetrahedral
t2(dxy, dxz, dyz)

10Dq

eg(dx2-y2, dz2)

4)

dx2-y2 dxy

L
M x-axis
L L
dz2
z-axis into the page
y-axis
dyz dxz

5)

dx2-y2 dx2-y2

10Dq depending on if 10Dq


the pairing energy
is greater or less
than the energy
dxy gap between the dxy
dxy and dz2

dz2 dz2

dyz dxz dyz dxz

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