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    Paleo (Prehistoric Times) Lithos (Stone) : Paleolithic Era

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    jan kenneth palanog
    The Paleolithic era lasted from around 30,000 BCE to 10,000 BCE and was characterized by hunter-gatherer societies. Early humans lived in temporary structures like wood huts, caves, or open camps and followed nomadic lifestyles. As the era progressed, dwellings became more complex and humans began producing art and engaging in religious practices. The Mesolithic period spanned from 10,000 BCE to 8,000 BCE, marking a transition between the Paleolithic and Neolithic as some groups adopted early domestication while others continued hunting and gathering. Settlements during this period included villages and some walled cities.

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    Paleo (Prehistoric Times) Lithos (Stone) : Paleolithic Era

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    jan kenneth palanog
    23 views3 pages
    The Paleolithic era lasted from around 30,000 BCE to 10,000 BCE and was characterized by hunter-gatherer societies. Early humans lived in temporary structures like wood huts, caves, or open camps and followed nomadic lifestyles. As the era progressed, dwellings became more complex and humans began producing art and engaging in religious practices. The Mesolithic period spanned from 10,000 BCE to 8,000 BCE, marking a transition between the Paleolithic and Neolithic as some groups adopted early domestication while others continued hunting and gathering. Settlements during this period included villages and some walled cities.

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    The Paleolithic era lasted from around 30,000 BCE to 10,000 BCE and was characterized by hunter-gatherer societies. Early humans lived in temporary structures like wood huts, caves, or open camps and followed nomadic lifestyles. As the era progressed, dwellings became more complex and humans began producing art and engaging in religious practices. The Mesolithic period spanned from 10,000 BCE to 8,000 BCE, marking a transition between the Paleolithic and Neolithic as some groups adopted early domestication while others continued hunting and gathering. Settlements during this period included villages and some walled cities.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    23 views3 pages

    Paleo (Prehistoric Times) Lithos (Stone) : Paleolithic Era

    Uploaded by

    jan kenneth palanog
    The Paleolithic era lasted from around 30,000 BCE to 10,000 BCE and was characterized by hunter-gatherer societies. Early humans lived in temporary structures like wood huts, caves, or open camps and followed nomadic lifestyles. As the era progressed, dwellings became more complex and humans began producing art and engaging in religious practices. The Mesolithic period spanned from 10,000 BCE to 8,000 BCE, marking a transition between the Paleolithic and Neolithic as some groups adopted early domestication while others continued hunting and gathering. Settlements during this period included villages and some walled cities.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Paleolithic Era

     Paleo ( Prehistoric times)


     Lithos ( Stone )
    The Paleolithic Age, or Old Stone Age, spanned from around 30,000 BCE until 10,000 BCE
    and produced the first accomplishments in human creativity. Due to a lack of written records from
    this time period, nearly all of our knowledge of Paleolithic human culture and way of life comes
    from archaeologic and ethnographic comparisons to modern hunter-gatherer cultures. The
    Paleolithic lasted until the retreat of the ice, when farming and use of metals were adopted.
    A typical Paleolithic society followed a hunter-gatherer economy. Humans hunted wild animals
    for meat and gathered food, firewood, and materials for their tools, clothes, or shelters. The
    adoption of both technologies—clothing and shelter—cannot be dated exactly, but they were key
    to humanity’s progress. As the Paleolithic era progressed, dwellings became more sophisticated,
    more elaborate, and more house-like. At the end of the Paleolithic era, humans began to produce
    works of art such as cave paintings, rock art, and jewelry, and began to engage in religious
    behavior such as burial and rituals .

    Early men chose locations that could be defended against predators and rivals and that
    were shielded from inclement weather. Many such locations could be found near rivers,
    lakes, and streams, perhaps with low hilltops nearby that could serve as refuges. Since
    water can erode and change landscapes quite drastically, many of these campsites
    have been destroyed. Our understanding of Paleolithic dwellings is therefore limited.

    As early as 380,000 BCE, humans were constructing temporary wood huts . Other
    types of houses existed; these were more frequently campsites in caves or in the open
    air with little in the way of formal structure. The oldest examples are shelters within
    caves, followed by houses of wood, straw, and rock. A few examples exist of houses
    built out of bones.

    Caves are the most famous example of Paleolithic shelters, though the number of caves
    used by Paleolithic people is drastically small relative to the number of hominids thought
    to have lived on Earth at the time. Most hominids probably never entered a cave, much
    less lived in one. Nonetheless, the remains of hominid settlements show interesting
    patterns. In one cave, a tribe of Neanderthals kept a hearth fire burning for a thousand
    years, leaving behind an accumulation of coals and ash. In another cave, post holes in
    the dirt floor reveal that the residents built some sort of shelter or enclosure with a roof
    to protect themselves from water dripping on them from the cave ceiling. They often
    used the rear portions of the cave as middens, depositing their garbage there.

    In the Upper Paleolithic (the latest part of the Paleolithic), caves ceased to act as
    houses. Instead, they likely became places for early people to gather for ritual and
    religious purposes.
    Modern archaeologists know of few types of shelter used by ancient peoples other than caves.
    Some examples do exist, but they are quite rare. In Siberia, a group of Russian scientists
    uncovered a house or tent with a frame constructed of mammoth bones. The great tusks
    supported the roof, while the skulls and thighbones formed the walls of the tent. Several families
    could live inside, where three small hearths, little more than rings of stones, kept people warm
    during the winter. Around 50,000 years ago, a group of Paleolithic humans camped on a lakeshore
    in southern France. At Terra Amata, these hunter-gatherers built a long and narrow house. The
    foundation was a ring of stones, with a flat threshold stone for a door at either end. Vertical posts
    down the middle of the house supported roofs and walls of sticks and twigs, probably covered
    over with a layer of straw. A hearth outside served as the kitchen, while a smaller hearth inside
    kept people warm. Their residents could easily abandon both dwellings. This is why they are not
    considered true houses, which was a development of the Neolithic period rather than the
    Paleolithic period.
    Reference:https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-arthistory/chapter/the-paleolithic-
    period/

    Mesolithic Era

     Meso ( Middle )
     Lithos ( Stone )
    The Mesolithic Period, or Middle Stone Age, is an archaeological term describing specific cultures
    that fall between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic Periods. While the start and end dates of the
    Mesolithic Period vary by geographical region, it dated approximately from 10,000 BCE to 8,000
    BCE.
    The Mesolithic was an age of purely hunting and gathering, but toward the Mesolithic period the
    development of agriculture contributed to the rise of permanent settlements. The later Neolithic
    period is distinguished by the domestication of plants and animals. Some Mesolithic people
    continued with intensive hunting, while others practiced the initial stages of domestication. Some
    Mesolithic settlements were villages of huts , others walled cities.

    Excavation of some megalithic monuments in Britain, Ireland, Scandinavia, and France


    has revealed evidence of ritual activity, sometimes involving architecture, during the
    Mesolithic Period. One megalith (circa 9350 BCE), found submerged in the Strait of
    Sicily, was over 39 feet long and weighing nearly 530,000 pounds. Its purpose remains
    unknown. In some cases, however, megalith monuments are so far removed in time
    from their successors that continuity is unlikely. In other cases, the early dates or the
    exact character of activity are controversial.

    An engraved shale pendant unearthed in Star Carr, England in 2015 is believed to be


    the oldest Mesolithic art form on the island of Great Britain. Engraved jewelry from this
    period outside of Scandinavia is extremely rare. Although the hole in the upper angle of
    the rock suggests that it was worn, archaeologists are currently analyzing the object to
    determine whether this was the case. The incised patterns are similar to those on
    pendants found in Denmark, which suggests contact with cultures on the continent or
    migration from the continent to Britain. However, these possibilities remain under
    investigation.

    Reference:https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-arthistory/chapter/the-mesolithic-
    period/

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