S. K. Gupta
S. K. Gupta
S. K. Gupta
k|f/lDes
g]kfn sfg"g Joj;foL kl/ifb P]g, lgod / k|rlnt cGo g]kfn sfg"g Pj+ /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o :t/df
:yflkt Gofosf dfGo l;4fGt cg's'n k]zfut bIftf, dof{bf / cfr/0fsf] ;'lglZrttf;lxtsf] ;Ifd, ;dlk{t Pj+
;dfh / /fi6«k|lt lhDd]jf/ sfg"g Joj;foLåf/f k|ltlglwTj / ;]jf k|bfg ug{sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ Go"gtd
;}4flGts Pj+ Jojxfl/s 1fg tyf ;Lksf] d'NofÍgsf nflu kl/ifb\åf/f k"j{ kf7\oqmdnfO{ kl/dfh{g u/L of]
kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .
kf7\oqmdsf] p2]Zo / nIo
plNnlvt kf7\oqmdx¿n] b]xfosf p2]Zox¿ k|fKt ug]{ nIo /fv]sf] 5 M
!= sfg"g Joj;foLsf nflu OR5's JolQmx?df /xg] jf /xg' kg{] /fli6«o Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o sfg"gsf] k|s[lt, ljz]iftf
Pj+ ljlzi6tf cg'?k ;j{dfGo / df}lns kl/j]zsf] ;f/e"t l;4fGt / dfGotf ;lxtsf] ;}4flGts 1fgsf]
k/LIf0f ug]{ .
@= sfg"gL clwsf/ / pkrf/sf nflu sfg"g / Gofosf dfGo l;4fGtx¿ ;d]tn] c+lusf/ u/]sf sfo{ljlw /
k|df0f sfg"gsf ;DaGwdf k/LIffyL{x¿df /x]sf] 1fgsf] k/LIf0f÷d"NofÍg ug{] .
#= k/Dk/futsf ;fy} cfw'lgstfn] hGdfPsf ljjfbx¿sf] :j?k, If]q, cGtlg{lxt tTjx¿ ;lxtsf] ljifout
uflDeo{tf / ;f]af6 plAhPsf kl/0ffd tyf pkrf/ ;d]tsf af/]df Joj:yf ug]{ ;fdfGo / ljz]if sfg"gsf]
k|of]u ug{ ;Sg] ;Ifdtf Pj+l;ksf] k/LIf0f ug{] .
$= sfg"g Joj;foLsf nflu cfjZos kg{] sfg"g tyf k|ltkflbt l;4fGtsf] JofVof, t'ngfTds ljZn]if0f Pj+
;dLIff u/L sfg"gsf] k|of]u ug{] l;k, snf / 1fgsf] k/LIf0f Pj+ d"NofÍg ug{] .
%= pknAw u/fOPsf] ljjfbsf] tYonfO{ ;DalGwt sfg"gL k|fjwfg / k|ltkflbt l;4fGtsf cfwf/df cWoog u/L
;d:ofsf] plrt klxrfg u/L ck]lIft pQ/ lbg / cfjZos d:of}bf ug{] l;ksf] d"NofÍg ug{] .
clwjQmf txsf] lnlvt k/LIffsf nflu ldlt @)&@÷)^÷)% sf] g]kfn sfg"g Joj;foL kl/ifbsf] lg0f{o
adf]lhd kfl/t ul/Psf] ljBdfg kf7\oqmdnfO{ ;+zf]wg ul/ ldlt @)&%÷!)÷@) sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd of] kf7\oqmd
nfu" ul/Psf] 5 .
kf7o\qmdsf] k|f?k
efu ljifo k"0ff{Í pQL0ff{Í
;+jw} flgs, k|zf;lgs tyf cGt/f{li6«o sfg"g
s_ ;+j}wflgs sfg"g============== %)
!= !)) $%
v_ k|zf;lgs sfg"g================= @%
u_ cGt/f{li6«o sfg"g=============== @%
kmf}hbf/L, b]jfgL tyf jfl0fHo sfg"g
s_ kmf}hbf/L sfg"g ================ $)
@= !)) $%
v_ b]jfgL sfg"g ================== $)
u_ jfl0fHo sfg"g================= @)
k|df0f sfg"g / sfo{ljlw sfg"g
s_ k|df0f sfg"g ================== #)
#= !)) $%
v_ sfo{ljlw sfg"g================== &)
%= df}lvs k/LIff @% !)
lj:t[t kf7o\qmd
efu ! M ;+j}wflgs, k|zf;lgs tyf cGt/f{li6«o sfg"g ============== !))
s_ ;+jw} flgs sfg"g =============================================================%)
!= ;+ljwfg / ;+ljwfgjfbsf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx¿
@= g]kfnsf] ;+j}wflgs ljsf;qmd
#= g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf cfwf/e"t ljz]iftfx¿
$= df}lns xs, st{Jo / ;+jw} flgs pkrf/
%= /fHosf] bfloTj,lgb]{zs l;4fGt tyf gLltx¿sf] cf}lrTotf / kl/;Ldf
^= :jtGq Gofokflnsfsf] cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx¿
&= ;+j}wflgs ljifodf ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf] of]ubfg
*= ;+j}wflgs Ohnf;
(= ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf laifox? (Public Interest Litigation)
!)= GofoLs k'g/fjnf]sg / o;sf l;dfx?
!!= g]kfnsf ;+j}wflgs cËx?
s= dxfGofoflwjQmf
v= lgjf{rg cfof]u
u= clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u
3= /fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u
ª= /fli6«o dlxnf cfof]u
!@= g]kfnsf] ;+3Lotf ;DaGwL Joj:yfdf ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] clwsf/If]q / cGt/;DaGw
!#= ;ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf cfwf/e"t l;4fGt / k|s[of
!$= k/LIffsf nflu tf]lsPsf ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 k|ltkflbt ghL/x?M—
s= bnaxfb'/ wfdL;d]t lj?4 g]kfn ;/sf/ k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\ ;lrjfno l;+xb/af/ sf7df8f}+;d]t,
d'2fM pTk|]if0f÷k/dfb]z g]=sf=k= @)&%, c+s $, k[i7 &%(, lg=g+= (((& .
v= 8Da/ lj=s= eGg] 8'd/] sfdL ;d]t lj?4 g]kfn ;/sf/ k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no l;+xb/af/
sf7df8f}+;d]t, d'2fM k/dfb]z, g]=sf=k=@)&% c+s $, k[i7 &)(, lg=g+= (((! .
u= clwjQmf cRo'tk|;fb v/]n lj?4 g]kfn ;/sf/ k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no l;+xb/af/
sf7df8f}+;d]t, d'2fM k/dfb]z, g]=sf=k=@)&% c+s #, k[i7 %(@, lg=g+= ((*@ .
v_ k|zf;lgs sfg"g =========================================================@%
!= k|zf;lgs sfg"gsf] k|s[lt, If]q / ;|f]t
@= k|zf;lgs sfg"g / ljlwsf] zf;g
#= zlQmk[ysLs/0fsf] l;4fGtM k|of]u, lgoGq0f / ;Gt'ng
$= k|Tofof]lht ljwfog / o;sf] kl/;Ldfx?
%= k|zf;lgs :jljj]s
^= k|fs[lts Gofosf] l;4fGt
&= k|zf;lgs sfo{sf] Goflos k'g/fjnf]sg
*= cw{Goflos lgsfo, k|zf;sLo Gofoflws/0f tyf k|zf;sLo cbfnt
(= k/LIffsf nflu tf]lsPsf ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 k|ltkflbt ghL/x?M—
s= cd/ axfb'/ zfx;d]t lj?4 g]kfn ;/sf/ k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no l;+xb/af/ sf7df8f}+;d]t,
d'2fM pTk|]if0f, g]=sf=k= @)&$ c+s !, k[i7 !(!, lg=g+= (&%$ .
v= ;f/bf b]jL kf}8]n lj?4 g]kfn ;/sf/ ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfno l;+xb/jf/, sf7df8f}+;d]t d'2fM
pTk|]if0f÷k/dfb]z, g]=sf=k= @)&#, c+s (, k[i7 !&%(, lg=g+= (^*@ .
u_ cGt/f{li6«o sfg"g ===========================================================@%
!= ;fj{hlgs Pj+ lghL cGt/f{li6«o sfg"gsf k|s[lt, sfo{If]q / l;4fGt
@= cGt/f{li6«o / /fli6«o sfg"gsf] cGt/;DaGw M PsfTds -Monism_ / ¢}wfTds -Dualism_
#= cGt/f{li6«o ;GwL / o;sf] sfof{Gjog
$= cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/ / dfgjLo sfg"gsf] cGt/;DaGw, kl/;Ldf / k|of]u
%= cGt/f{li6«o sfg"gsf] :yfgLo / ljZjJofkL clwsf/If]q
^= g]kfnsf] sfg"gdf cGt/f{li6«o sfg"gsf] :yfg / k|of]u
&= k/LIffsf nflu tf]lsPsf ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 k|ltkflbt ghL/x?M—
s= ;'dg clwsf/L ;d]t lj?4 g]kfn ;/sf/ k|wfgdGqL tyf dlGqkl/ifb\sf] sfof{no;d]t d'2fM
pTk|]if0f÷k/dfb]z, g]=sf=k=@)&!, c+s !@, k[i7 @)^(, lg=g+= (#)# .
efu $ sfg"g Joj;foL kl/ifb\, sfg"g Joj;foLsf] cfrf/;+lxtf, ldl;n cWoog / cEof;
========================================================!))
s_ g]kfn sfg"g Joj;foL kl/ifb\ / sfg"g Joj;foLsf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf =====#)
!= g]kfn sfg"g Joj;foL kl/ifb\ / g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;o;gsf] ;DaGw, e"ldsf / leGgtf
@= g]kfn sfg"g Joj;foL kl/ifb\sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
#= sfg"g Joj;foL,sfg"g Joj;foLsf] e"ldsf / cfrf/ ;+lxtf ;DaGwL Joj:yfx¿
s= g]kfn sfg"g Joj;foL kl/ifb\ P]g, @)%)
v= sfg"g Joj;foLsf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf, @)%!
u= sfg"g Joj;foLsf] sfof{no btf{ / ;+rfng lgodfjnL, @)^(
3= g]kfn sfg"g Joj;foL kl/ifb\sf] cg'zf;g ;ldlt -sfo{ Joj:yf_ lgodfjnL, @)%*
ª= sfg"g Joj;foLsf] e"ldsf ;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf cfwf/e"t l;4fGtx¿, !(()
$= j}tlgs sfg"g Joj;foL ;DalGwt lgb]{lzsf, @)&#
%= ;/sf/L jsLnsf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf, @)&%
^= GofofwLzsf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf, @)&$
&= k/LIffsf nflu tf]lsPsf ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 k|ltkflbt ghL/x?M—
s ;'/]Gb|s'df/ dxtf];d]t lj?4 g]kfn ;/sf/, d'2fM pTk|]if0f k/dfb]z, g]=sf=k= @)&@, c+s @, k[i7 !(&,
lg=g+=(##( .
v_ ldl;n cWoog, lnvtsf] d:of}bf / ldl;n;Fu ;DalGwt ljifoa:t'sf] 1fg
===========================================================================&)
!= sfg"gL k|of]hgsf] eflifs 1fg
@= lnvtsf] d:of}bfM
s= l/6 lgj]bg
v= lnlvt hjfkm
u= lgif]wf1fsf] lgj]bg
3= hfx]/L b/vf:t
ª= k|ltjfbLsf] aofg
r= cleof]u kq
5= y'g5]s cfb]z
h= lkm/fbkq
em= k|ltpQ/kq
`= jfl/;gfdf
6= k'g/fj]bgkq
7= d'2f bf]xf]¥ofpgsf nflu lbOg] lgj]bgkq
7= d'2f k'g/fjnf]sgsf] lgj]bgkq
8= ax; gf]6
9= ldnfkqsf] b/vf:t
0f= Dofb, tfl/v ydfpg] lgj]bg
t= /f]Ssf tyf a]l/tsf] cfb]z ab/ ;DaGwL lgj]bg
y= km};nf sfof{Gjogsf nflu lbOg] b/vf:t
#= ldl;n;Fu ;DalGwt ljifoj:t'sf] 1fg M
s= ;f]wk'5, lh/x / k'gM;f]wk'5sf k|Zgx¿
v= lnvt k|df0f / o;sf] k/LIf0f
u= km};nfdf lnOPsf cfwf/x?
c= d'2fsf] tYout k|Zg / sfg"gL k|Zg
cf= ;Dj4 k|df0fx¿
O= ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 k|ltkflbt l;4fGt
6«i6JoM ldl;n cWoog / cEof;df d'2fsf] ;Gbe{ / JofVofdf l;w} k|Zg klg ;f]Wg ;lsg] 5 .
k|Zgkqsf] gd"gf
;dfKt
k|Zgkqsf] gd"gf
ljifo M kmf}Hbf/L, b]jfgL tyf jfl0fHo sfg"g
k"0ff{ªs
\ M !))
pQL0ff{ª\sM $%
;doM # 306f
-s_ kmf}Hbf/L sfg"g -$)_
s'g} rf/ k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; . -!)•$=$)_
-!_ kmf}Hbf/L Gofosf l;4fGtx? s] s] x'g ljZn]if0f ub{} g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] kmf}Hbf/L Gofosf l;4fGtsf
;DaGwdf s] s:tf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 pNn]v ug{'xf];\ <
-@_ rf]/Lsf] kl/efiff ub{} gshgL rf]/L / 8fFsf aLrsf] km/s 5'6\ofpg' xf];\ <
-#_ lst{] / hfn;fhLsf] lnvt ;DaGwL ck/fwsf] rrf{ ub{} lst{] / hfn;fhL aLrsf] cGt/ 5'6o\ fpg' xf];<\
-$_ ;+ul7t ck/fw eGgfn] s] a'em\g'x'G5 < ;+ul7t ck/fw lgjf/0f P]g, @)&) n] u/]sf ;+ul7t ck/fw ;DaGwL
lgif]lwt sfo{sf af/]df ljj]rgf ug'{xf]; .
-%_ s'g} b'Os
{ f] l6Kk0fL n]Vg'xf]; .
-s_ a}lsË s;"/ -v_ afn of}g b"?kof]u
-u_ ljB'tLo ck/fw
-v_ b]jfgLsfg"g -$)_
s'g} rf/ k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; . -!)•$=$)_
-!_ ;DkQL eGgfn] s] a'em\g' x'G5 < ;DkQLsf k|sf/x?sf] af/]df pNn]v ug{'xf];\ <
-@_ c+za08f ;DaGwdfjt{dfg sfg"gn] s] s:tf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 < 5f]6s/Ldf pNn]v ub{} lghL cfh{g / :qL
c+zwgsf] aLrsf] km/s 5'6o\ fpg' xf];\ <
-#_ :jfldTj / ef]uflwsf/df s] km/s 5 < k|lts"n ef]usf af/]df ;}4flGts ljj]rgf ug'{xf]; .
-$_ af}l4s ;Dklt eGgfn] s] a'em\g'x'G5 < af}l4s ;Dklt / :jM cfh{g aLrsf] ;DaGw tyf leGgtf af/] pNn]v
ug'{xf]; .
-%_ s'g} b'Os{ f] l6Kk0fL n]Vg'xf]; .
-s_ u'7L -v_ kmnf]kef]u -u_ ;'ljwfef/
-u_ jfl0fHo sfg"g -@)_
s'g} b'O{k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; . -!)•@=@)_
-!_ k|fs[lts / sfg"gL JolQmsf] kl/efiff ub{} km/s 5'6o\ fpg' xf];\ <
-@_ s/f/sf l;4fGtx?sf] af/]df rrf{ ug{'xf];\ <
-#_ s'g} b'Os { f] l6Kk0fL n]Vg'xf]; .
-s_ k|fOe]6 / klAns sDkgL -v_ s/f/ -u_ dWo:ytf
;dfKt
k|Zgkqsf] gd"gf
ljifo M k|df0f sfg"g / sfo{ljlw sfg"g
k"0ff{ªs
\ M !))
pQL0ff{ª\sM $%
;doM # 306f
-s_ k|df0f sfg"g -#)_
s'g} tLg k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; . -!)•#=#)_
-!_ k|df0f sfg"gsf l;4fGtx?sf] af/]df pNn]v ug{'xf];\ . k|df0f P]g, @)#! n] s'g s'g l;4fGtx?nfO{ cfTd;fy
u/]sf] 5 < ljZn]if0f ug{'xf];\ .
-@_ k|df0f P]g, @)#! n] k|df0fdf lng x'g] / gx'g] s'/fsf ;DaGwdf u/]sf] Joj:yfsf] rrf{ ug{'xf];\ .
-#_ Goflos hfgsf/L eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 < cbfntn] :jo+ hfgsf/L lng] s'/f / cbfntn] cg'dfg ug]{ s'/fx?
s] s] x'g\ < v'nfpg'xf]; .
-$_ s'g} b'O{sf] l6Kk0fL n]Vg'xf]; .
-s_ ljjGwg -v_ lh/x -u_ lnvt k|df0f
-s_ sfo{ljlw sfg"g -&)_
s'g} ;ft k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; . -!)•&=&)_
-!_ sfo{ljlw sfg"gsf l;4fGtx?sf] ;+If]kdf JofVof ug{'xf];\ .
-@_ xbDofb eGgfn] s] a'em\g' x'G5 < xbDofb / lanDa aLrsf] km/s 5'6\ofpg' xf]; <
-#_ cbfntsf] clwsf/If]qsf] ;DaGwdf rrf{ ub{} lhNnf cbfntsf] aGbLk|ToIfLs/0f / lgif]wf1f ;DaGwL l/6
If]qflwsf/sf] ;DaGwdf 5f]6f] rrf{ ug{' xf];\ .
-$_ xsb}ofsf] cjwf/0ff ;DaGwdf pNn]v ub{} ;fj{hlgs lxt / ;/f]sf/sf] ljifodf xsb}of nfu" x'G5 x'b}g <
cfkm\gf] larf/ lbg'xf];\ .
-%_ Plds; So'/L / sfg"gL ;xfotfaLrsf] leGgtf s] s] x'g\ < s] s:tf] d'2fdf Plds; So'/Ln] k|ltlglwTj ug]{
ub{5g\ < pNn]v ug'{xf]; .
-^_ d'n'sL kmf}Hbf/L sfo{ljlw -;+lxtf_ P]g, @)&$ sf cfwf/df s'g} klg s;"/sf] ;"rgf k|fKt ePk5L ckgfO{g]
cg';Gwfg k|lqmofsf af/]df ;lj:tf/ pNn]v ug'{xf]; .
-&_ ;fdfGo sfo{ljlw, ;+lIfKt sfo{ljlw / laz]if sfo{ljlwsf ;dfgtf / leGgtfx? pNn]v ug'{xf]; .
-*_ km};nf sfof{Gjog k|lqmofsf af/]df ePsf sfg"gL Joj:yfx? pNn]v ug'{xf]; .
-(_ s'g} b'O{sf] l6Kk0fL n]Vg'xf]; .
-s_ ghL/ -v_ cleof]ukq bfo/ ubf{ Wofg lbg' kg{] s'/fx?
-u_ aGb Ohnfz
;dfKt
k|Zgkqsf] gd"gf
ljifo M g]kfn sfg"g Joj;foL kl/ifb\ / sfg"g Joj;foLsf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf tyf ldl;n cWoog / cEof;
k"0ff{ªs
\ M !))
pQL0ff{ª\sM $%
;doM # 306f
-s_ g]kfn sfg"g Joj;foL kl/ifb\ / sfg"g Joj;foLsf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf -#)_
s'g} tLg k|Zgx?sf] pQ/ lbg'xf]; ._ -!)•#=#)_
-!_ g]kfn sfg"g Joj;foL kl/ifb\sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/sf ;DaGwdf pNn]v ug{'xf];\ .
-@_ sfg"g Joj;foLn] kfngf ug{' kg{] cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf] af/]df ljZn]if0f ug{'xf];\ .
-#_ ;/sf/L jsLnsf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf, @)&% / GofofwLzsf] cfrf/ ;+lxtf, @)&$ sf d'Vo d'Vo a'Fbfx?sf
af/]df rrf{ ug'{xf]; .
-$_ s'g} b'O{sf] l6Kk0fL n]Vg'xf]; .
-s_ sfg"g Joj;foLsf] e"ldsf ;DaGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf l;4fGtx?, !(()
-v_ g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;Pzg
-u_ sfg"g Joj;foL sfof{nosf] btf{ k|lqmof
-v_ ldl;n cWoog, lnvtsf] d:of}bf / ldl;n;Fu ;DalGwt
ljifoj:t'sf] 1fg -&)_
nfdf] k|Zg -s'g} b'O{sf] d:of}bf ug'{xf]; ._ -@)•@=$)_
-! ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf k]z ug{] ax; gf]6 tof/ ug{'xf];\ .
-@_ pRr cbfntdf k]z ug]{ k'g/fj]bg kq tof/ ug{'xf];\ .
-#_ lhNnf cbfntdf k]Zf ug]{ lkm/fbkqsf] d:of}bf ug'{xf]; .
5f]6f] k|Zg -s'g} Pssf] d:of}bf ug'{xf]; ._ -!)•!=!)_
-s_ jf/];gfdf -v_ hfx]/L bvf{:t
ldl;n;Fu ;DalGwt k|Zgx? -%•$=@)_
-!_ æjfbL sÆ / æk|ltjfbL vÆ ePsf] c+z rng d'2fsf cfwf/df b]xfosf k|Zgx?dWo] s'g} rf/sf] pQ/ lbg'xf];
.
-s_ k|:t't d'2fsf] tYout k|Zg 5'6\ofpg' xf];\ .
-v_ k|:t't d'2fsf] sfg"gL k|Zg 5'6o\ fpg' xf];\ .
-u_ k|:t't d'2fdf s'g s'g tYodf ;f]wk'5 / lh/x ug{' kb{5 < n]Vg'xf];\ .
-3_ k|:t't d'2fdf a'em\g' kg{] k|df0f s] s] x'g ;S5g\ < pNn]v ug{'xf];\ .
-ª_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] k|:t't d'2fdf km};nf ubf{ lnOPsf cfwf/x? s] s] x'g < v'nfpg'xf]; .
;dfKt