Document 7382 V2 F2, Language EN V1,Approved 2018-09-17, © 2018 Ashland Inc.

Page 1 (8)

Technical Datasheet

DERAKANE™ SIGNIA™ 411 Epoxy Vinyl Ester Resin

DERAKANE SIGNIA 411 epoxy vinyl ester resin is based on bisphenol-A epoxy resin. It provides
resistance to a wide range of acids, alkalis, bleaches, and organic compounds used in chemical
processing industry applications.

For Composite Manufacturers, DERAKANE SIGNIA resins incorporate the best of Ashland's
corrosion resistant resin technologies, offering improved shop efficiencies, reduced styrene
emissions and improved storage stability.

- Designed to enhance secondary bonding properties and reduce or even eliminate the need for
surface preparation between laminate layers during initial production, reducing labor costs and
producing a cleaner, employee friendly work place.
- Formulated for better wet out, reduced gassing and faster composite consolidation.
- Prepared with an innovative styrene suppression system, providing a lower odor environment
with up to 35% reduction in emissions (based on data generated using the VSE test per 40 CFR
Subpart WWWW Appendix A (the US Composites MACT Standard)).

For Asset Owners, DERAKANE SIGNIA resins offer the same proven Ashland resin technology
and peformance as with legacy DERAKANE series resins, now with the added benefit of a unique,
proprietary identification system. This unique, identifiable technology confirms tanks, pipes, etc.
are built as specified.

- Extend the service life of equipment designed for corrosive environments, postponing the need
for equipment replacement.
- Facilitate design and operation under heavy loads.
- Provide improved toughness and reduce cracking from cyclic temperature and pressure
fluctuations or mechanical shocks during shipping, installation and operation.
- When properly formulated and cured, comply with FDA regulation 21 CFR 177.2420 covering
materials intended for repeated use in contact with food.

*Note: Contact us before using thixotropic agents and fillers. Addition of thixotropic agents and
fillers can compromise corrosion resistance.

Ashland is committed to the continuous evolution of technology and service solutions that promote health, safety and environmental protection around the world.
* Registered service mark of the American Chemistry Council. ® Registered trademark and ™ trademark of Ashland Inc.
 Document 7382 V2 F2, Language EN V1,Approved 2018-09-17, © 2018 Ashland Inc. Page 2 (8)

Technical Datasheet

DERAKANE™ SIGNIA™ 411 Epoxy Vinyl Ester Resin

APPLICATIONS AND This resin is suitable for fabricating FRP storage tanks, vessels, piping, ducts, and on-site
USE maintenance projects, particularly in chemical processing and pulp and paper operations.
DERAKANE SIGNIA 411 resin is designed for ease of fabrication using hand lay-up, spray-up and
filament winding molding techniques. Properly made laminates including laminate build up in
multiple steps have shown good interlaminar adhesion. Necessary practices to achieve good
secondary bonding include minimal to no resin excess between laminate layers. Manufacturers
should determine if their practices yield similar characteristics. Hazy resin is indicative of storage
below suggested temperatures. Gently warm and mix the resin to normal usage temperatures to
eliminate haze before use. Recommendations for specific services and environments can be
provided by contacting us at derakane@ashland.com.

TYPICAL LIQUID RESIN

PROPERTIES Property(1) at 25°C (77°F) Value Unit
Dynamic Viscosity 370 mPa·s (cps)
Kinematic Viscosity 350 cSt
Styrene Content 44 %
Density 1.046 g/ml

(1) Properties are typical values, based on material tested in our laboratories. Results may vary
from sample to sample. Typical values should not be construed as a guaranteed analysis of any
specific lot or as specification items.

Emissions The following table compares emissions from DERAKANE SIGNIA 411 resin calculated per rules
Comparison established by the U.S. EPA per Table 1 to Subpart WWWW of Part 63 of the RPC MACT and shows
the styrene content of a non-suppressed resin necessary to achieve the same emissions profile.

Ashland is committed to the continuous evolution of technology and service solutions that promote health, safety and environmental protection around the world.
* Registered service mark of the American Chemistry Council. ® Registered trademark and ™ trademark of Ashland Inc.
 Document 7382 V2 F2, Language EN V1,Approved 2018-09-17, © 2018 Ashland Inc. Page 3 (8)

Technical Datasheet

DERAKANE™ SIGNIA™ 411 Epoxy Vinyl Ester Resin

Manual Resin Non-Atomized Filament Winding
Application Mechanical Resin Application
Application
DERAKANE SIGNIA 411 Resin Emissions 106 79 118
(lbs/ton)
Equivalent Non LSE Styrene Content (%) 37% 35.7% 32.4%

VAPOR SUPPRESSION
EFFECTIVENESS (VSE) Table 1 Subpart WWWW of Part 63 Emission Calculation Factor
per 40 CFR Subpart VSE Factor 0.55
WWWW Appendix A

MEKP Cure System Typical geltimes(2) using Norox(3) (ME)KP-925H(4) catalyst (MEKP) and Cobalt Naphthenate
or Octoate-6%(5) (Cobalt6%), Dimethylaniline(7) (DMA) and 2,4-Pentanedione (2,4-P)
expresssed in phr(6).

Warning: Using less than 0.05 phr cobalt 6% may cause undercure under certain conditions. Please
contact Ashland Technical Service for further details or if such low levels are envisaged.

Geltime at 16°C (60°F) MEKP Cobalt6% DMA(7) 2,4 P

15 +/- 5 minutes 1.25 0.3 0.1 -
30 +/- 10 minutes 1.25 0.3 0.025 -
60 +/- 15 minutes 1.25 0.2 0.025 0.02

Geltime at 22°C (72°F) MEKP Cobalt6% DMA 2,4-P

15 +/- 5 minutes 1.25 0.25 0.05 -
30 +/- 10 minutes 1.25 0.25 0.05 0.06
60 +/- 15 minutes 1.25 0.25 0.03 0.1

Ashland is committed to the continuous evolution of technology and service solutions that promote health, safety and environmental protection around the world.
* Registered service mark of the American Chemistry Council. ® Registered trademark and ™ trademark of Ashland Inc.
 Document 7382 V2 F2, Language EN V1,Approved 2018-09-17, © 2018 Ashland Inc. Page 4 (8)

Technical Datasheet

DERAKANE™ SIGNIA™ 411 Epoxy Vinyl Ester Resin

Geltime at 28°C (82°F) MEKP Cobalt6% DMA 2,4-P
15 +/- 5 minutes 1.25 0.20 0.02 -
30 +/- 10 minutes 1.25 0.20 0.02 0.07
60 +/- 15 minutes 1.25 0.20 0.02 0.13

Geltime at 33°C (92°F) MEKP Cobalt6% DMA 2,4-P

15 +/- 5 minutes 1.25 0.15 - 0.025
30 +/- 10 minutes 1.25 0.15 - 0.08
60 +/- 15 minutes 1.25 0.15 - 0.15

Geltime at 40°C (104°F) MEKP Cobalt6% DMA 2,4-P

15 +/- 5 minutes 1.25 0.15 - 0.06
30 +/- 10 minutes 1.25 0.15 - 0.15
60 +/- 15 minutes 1.25 0.1 - 0.2

To avoid problems with water impacting resin cure, lamination work should only be carried out if
the ambient temperature is at least 3°C above the dew point (relative humidity <80%). Hot humid
summer conditions may require an adjustment of the above curing formulations (e.g. higher cobalt
levels, additional inhibitor, alternate peroxide). Please contact Ashland Technical Service for specific
recommendations.

BPO Cure System Typical geltimes(2) using 50% active Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO paste) and Dimethylaniline(7)
(DMA). Note: Water based BPO pastes should not be used.

Geltime at 16°C (60°F) BPO-50 DMA

15 +/- 5 minutes 4.0 0.1
30 +/- 10 minutes 3.0 0.065
60 +/- 15 minutes 1.8 0.05

Ashland is committed to the continuous evolution of technology and service solutions that promote health, safety and environmental protection around the world.
* Registered service mark of the American Chemistry Council. ® Registered trademark and ™ trademark of Ashland Inc.
 Document 7382 V2 F2, Language EN V1,Approved 2018-09-17, © 2018 Ashland Inc. Page 5 (8)

Technical Datasheet

DERAKANE™ SIGNIA™ 411 Epoxy Vinyl Ester Resin

Geltime at 24°C (75°F) BPO-50 DMA
15 +/- 5 minutes 3.0 0.08
30 +/- 10 minutes 2.0 0.06
45 +/- 15 minutes 1.5 0.05

Geltime at 32°C (90°F) BPO-50 DMA

15 +/- 5 minutes 2.0 0.06
30 +/- 10 minutes 1.8 0.025
45 +/- 15 minutes 1.5 0.025

(2) Thoroughly test any other materials in your applications before full-scale use. Geltimes may vary
due to the reactive nature of these materials. Always test a small quantity before formulating large
quantities.
(3) Registered trademark of United Initiators.
(4) Norox (ME)KP-925H; (ME) used only in NA name, but not elsewhere. MEKP or equivalent low
hydrogen peroxide content MEKP. Use of other MEKP catalysts or additives may result in different
gel times.
(5) Use of cobalt octoate, especially in combination with 2,4-P can result in 20-30% slower gel times.
(6) phr = parts per hundred resin molding compound
(7) For pre-acceleration for prolonged storage (e.g. formulation of lining or flooring systems)
consider DEAA (DiEthyl-AcetoAcetamide) in place of DMA or DEA. For further information, please
contact ASHLAND.

Ashland is committed to the continuous evolution of technology and service solutions that promote health, safety and environmental protection around the world.
* Registered service mark of the American Chemistry Council. ® Registered trademark and ™ trademark of Ashland Inc.
 Document 7382 V2 F2, Language EN V1,Approved 2018-09-17, © 2018 Ashland Inc. Page 6 (8)

Technical Datasheet

DERAKANE™ SIGNIA™ 411 Epoxy Vinyl Ester Resin

TYPICAL MECHANICAL Typical properties(1) of a cured casting at 25°C (77°F).
PROPERTIES

Property of casting Value (SI) Method Value (US) Method

Tensile Strength 86 MPa ISO 527 13,000 psi ASTM D638
Tensile Modulus 3.1 GPa ISO 527 450 ksi ASTM D638
Tensile Elongation 5-6% ISO 527 5-6% ASTM D638
Flexural Strength 150 MPa ISO 178 21,000 psi ASTM D790
Flexural Modulus 3.4 GPa ISO 178 500 ksi ASTM D790
Density 1.13 ISO 1183 1.13 ASTM D792
Volume Shrinkage 8%
Heat Distortion 105°C ISO 75 220°F ASTM D648
Temperature(8)
Barcol Hardness 30 EN 59 30 ASTM D2583

(8) Maximum stress: 1.8 MPa (264 psi)

Typical properties(1) of a postcured 6 mm (1/4") laminate(9) at 25°C (77°F).

Property of laminate Value (SI) Method Value (US) Method

Tensile Strength 178 MPa ISO 527 25,800 psi ASTM D638
Tensile Modulus 10,700 MPa ISO 527 1580 kpsi ASTM D638
Flexural Strength 225 MPa ISO 178 32,700 psi ASTM D790
Flexural Modulus 8050 MPa ISO 178 1170 kpsi ASTM D790
Glass Content 38.6% ISO 1172 38.6% ASTM D2584

(9) Laminate construction of 6mm (1/4") is V/M/M/Wr/M/Wr/M where V=Continuous veil glass,
M=Chopped strand mat 450 g/m2 (1.5 oz/ft2) and Wr=Woven roving 800 g/m2 (24
oz/yd2).

Ashland is committed to the continuous evolution of technology and service solutions that promote health, safety and environmental protection around the world.
* Registered service mark of the American Chemistry Council. ® Registered trademark and ™ trademark of Ashland Inc.
 Document 7382 V2 F2, Language EN V1,Approved 2018-09-17, © 2018 Ashland Inc. Page 7 (8)

Technical Datasheet

DERAKANE™ SIGNIA™ 411 Epoxy Vinyl Ester Resin

CERTIFICATES AND The manufacturing, quality control and distribution of products, by Ashland Performance Materials,
APPROVALS comply with one or more of the following programs or standards: Responsible Care, ISO 9001, ISO
14001 and OHSAS 18001 .

STANDARD PACKAGE 208 Liter (55 Gallon) Non-Returnable Drum

Net Wt. 205 Kgs (452 Lbs.)
DOT Label Required: Flammable Liquid

STORAGE This resin contains ingredients which could be harmful if mishandled. Contact with skin and eyes
should be avoided and necessary protective equipment and clothing should be worn.

Drums - It is highly recommended that all material is stored at stable temperatures between 15° -
25°C (60° - 77°F). Avoid exposure to heat sources such as direct sunlight or steam pipes. To avoid
contamination of product with water, do not store outdoors. Keep sealed to prevent moisture
pick-up and monomer loss. Rotate stock.

Bulk - See Ashland's Bulk Storage and Handling Manual for Polyesters and Vinyl Esters. A copy of
this may be obtained from Ashland at +1.614.790.3333 or 800.523.6963.

All things being equal, higher storage temperature will reduce product stability.

COMMERCIAL Eighteen months from date of manufacture, when stored in accordance with the conditions stated
WARRANTY above.

Notice All information presented herein is believed to be accurate and reliable, and is solely for the user's
consideration, investigation and verification. The information is not to be taken as an express or
implied representation or warranty for which Ashland assumes legal responsibility. Any warranties,
including warranties of merchantability, fitness for use or non-infringement of intellectual property

Ashland is committed to the continuous evolution of technology and service solutions that promote health, safety and environmental protection around the world.
* Registered service mark of the American Chemistry Council. ® Registered trademark and ™ trademark of Ashland Inc.
 Document 7382 V2 F2, Language EN V1,Approved 2018-09-17, © 2018 Ashland Inc. Page 8 (8)

Technical Datasheet

DERAKANE™ SIGNIA™ 411 Epoxy Vinyl Ester Resin

rights of third parties, are herewith expressly excluded.

Since the user's product formulations, specific use applications and conditions of use are beyond
the control of Ashland, Ashland makes no warranty or representation regarding the results which
may be obtained by the user. It shall be the sole responsibility of the user to determine the
suitability of any of the products mentioned for the user's specific application.

Ashland requests that the user reads, understands and complies with the information contained
herein and the current Material Safety Data Sheet.

Ashland is committed to the continuous evolution of technology and service solutions that promote health, safety and environmental protection around the world.
* Registered service mark of the American Chemistry Council. ® Registered trademark and ™ trademark of Ashland Inc.