Trabajo de Verano Curso: 2º Bachillerato: Asignatura: INGLÉS Profesor: Alberto Barrigón Pastor y Ruth Sánchez Roldán

Trabajo de verano
Curso: 2º BACHILLERATO
Asignatura: INGLÉS
Profesor: Alberto Barrigón Pastor
y Ruth Sánchez Roldán
Trabajo de verano 2º BACHILLERATO
Estimados alumnos: os recomendamos trabajar los contenidos del curso para
repasar. Para ello, podéis utilizar el libro de texto, en sus apéndices se explican los
puntos gramaticales. Además, os recomendamos unas páginas web con las que podéis
trabajar desde un ordenador:
Gramática: http://www.burlingtonbooks.com/Spain/Page.aspx?PageID=411
PAU resueltos: http://redaccioneseningles-pau-castilla-leon.blogspot.com.es/
Conectores http://www.uefap.com/writing/parag/par_sig.htm
http://www.english-in-chester.co.uk/e-learning/lesson/linking-words/
Ejemplos de redacciones:
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages you find in homeworking

Have you ever had a job? Describe your experience
Do you think that the State should promote or forbid some kinds of food?
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of being vegetarian
Have you ever seen a film or read a book about an animal that showed its feelings.
Explain
Do you think animals really have emotional lives like humans? Discuss
What are your favourite TV programmes? Describe them and explain why you like
them
Do you think the government should control TV programmes? Discuss
Have you ever had a pet? Write about the experience
There is no important difference between an animal and a human. Discuss.
Describe what you can do at home and in your town to protect the environment.
Spending money on saving animals. Give your opinion.
Why do many young people get tattooed today? Give reasons
Are tattooed people fully accepted in our present society? Discuss.
What could we do to reduce pollution in large cities?
Do you think our planet is experiencing a climate change? Why?
Do you believe in vampires, ghosts or other supernatural forces?
Write about a ghost story you are familiar with.
What is the last book you have read?
How can winning a prize affect people´s lives?
Some people believe that children under the age of 13 should not have mobile
phones. What do you think?
Describe an unusual personal experience you have had that involved a mobile
phone.
If you had a letter from your favourite artist, what would you do with it?
What do you think of the fans´ attitude to the famous people?
Have you ever read a book or seen a film about dragons?
Why are dinosaurs so interesting today?
The integration of children with learning difficulties at school
Living with a serious illness: how would life be every day?
What is your favourite type of music?
Do you think that singing should be taught at school?
If you could choose a historical period to live in, which one would you choose and
why?
Are travel books popular with modern readers?
Which is your favourite pet?
Should public places like hotels and restaurants have strict regulations that limit
access to pet?
Is obesity a social problem nowadays?
Do you think you should change your eating habits?
Do you like practising some sport?
Professional footballers are overpaid. Give your opinion.
What type of job would you prefer - technical or artistic?
Is there still inequality between men and women?
Do you ever buy things that you don't need?
The Compulsive Buying Disorder has become worse with the arrival of online
shopping and television programmes devoted to buying goods 24 hours a day.
What is your opinion about changes in physical appearance?
The importance of being beautiful. Discuss
Discuss the negative and the positive aspects of television
Do you think parents should control the number of hours their children watch TV?
Are you for or against "the big bottle"?
What alternatives can the Government offer young people to encourage a healthy
life?
Adjuntamos también unas pruebas EBAU que se han trabajado a lo largo del
curso, para practicar. Las respuestas se encuentran en edmodo (formato powerpoint).
Los que no podáis acceder a edmodo, podéis entrar con el usuario: pruebaruth
contraseña: pruebaruth .
Un saludo a todos. Buen verano.
El Departamento de Inglés
RÚBRICA PARA EVALUAR REDACCIONES EBAU (total 3 puntos)
CONTENIDO Y REGISTRO (0,05 x 10 = 0,5 puntos)
1. Responde a lo que se le pregunta (no se va del tema).

2. Utiliza un lenguaje apropiado (no hay contracciones o lenguaje vulgar).
3. No inventa vocabulario, el que utiliza existe y se puede encontrar en el diccionario.
4. Utiliza sinónimos en lugar de palabras de uso frecuente como good, bad, better, important,
interesting…
5. Hay una variedad de verbos y sustantivos adecuados al tema.
6. Utiliza adverbios para modificar verbos (adv. de modo) o adjetivos (intensifiers).
7. Utiliza adjetivos variados y en el orden correcto.
8. Utiliza expresiones idiomáticas y/o phrasal verbs.
9. Evita traducir literalmente del castellano.
10. Utiliza palabras que contienen prefijos y/o sufijos.
COHESIÓN INTERNA (0,1 x 5 = 0,5 puntos)
11. Las ideas están secuenciadas en párrafos (no se presentan todas seguidas) .Se entienden las ideas
principales. No son contradictorias o demasiado vagas.
12. El contenido de los párrafos es adecuado al lugar que ocupan (introducción , cuerpo, conclusión).
13. Utiliza una variedad de conectores correctamente (no solo and, because , but)
14. Hay coherencia en el texto (utiliza marcadores deícticos: pronombres (it / they/ them),
demostrativos (this/these/that/those, etc.) Para hacer referencia a distintas partes del texto).
15. Hay oraciones de cierta complejidad unidas por pronombres de relativo (what, when, where,
whose, which, that, why).
GRAMÁTICA Y ORTOGRAFÍA (0,2 x 10 =2 puntos)

16. Todos los verbos se refieren adecuadamente a un sujeto (salvo un descuido) y concuerdan con los
sujetos (salvo un descuido)
17. Utiliza correctamente los tiempos verbales y conoce los verbos irregulares.
18. Utiliza tiempos verbales variados (simples, continuos, perfectos)
19. Utiliza verbos modales correctamente en forma (seguidos de forma base) y significado.
20. Hace uso de estructuras complejas: pasivas, reported speech, condicionales con modales perfectos,
etc.
21. El orden de las palabras es correcto (orden de adjetivos, adverbios y complementos
circunstanciales)
22. Forma correctamente el plural de los sustantivos (incluyendo los irregulares) y añade
correctamente las terminaciones -ed, -ing –s y duplica las consonantes cuando es necesario. Utiliza
correctamente comparativos y superlativos.
23. Uso correcto de preposiciones básicas, determinantes (a/an /the) demostrativos
(this/that/these/those) y quantifiers (much/many/a lot of/few/a few/little/a little...)
24. Utiliza adecuadamente otros signos de puntuación (punto, punto y seguido, guion, exclamación e
interrogación, no abusa de puntos suspensivos, etc.)
25. Utiliza correctamente gerundios e infinitivos.
IMPROVING ITEM 6 – INTENSIFIERS
Los intensificadores y mitigadores se usan para variar el grado o fuerza de un adjetivo, verbo o adverbio.
Intensifiers (Los intensificadores)
1. Los intensificadores añaden fuerza al sentido de un adjetivo.
very (muy), really (verdaderamente), extremely (extremadamente), amazingly (sorprendentemente), exceptionally

(excepcionalmente), incredibly (increíblemente), remarkably (notablemente), particularly (particularmente), enough
(suficiente)…
Ejemplo:
Kate is really beautiful. (Kate es verdaderamente guapa.)
Michael can run very fast. (Michael puede correr muy rápido.)
Sharks are extremely dangerous. (Los tiburones son extremadamente peligrosos.)
The restaurant was remarkably empty for a Saturday. (El restaurante estaba notablemente vacío para un sábado.)
It’s incredibly kind of you to help. (Es increíblemente amable de su parte de ayudar.)
Nota: “Enough” se puede usar como intensificador, pero ten cuidado porque “enough” se encuentra detrás del adjetivo que
modifica.
Ejemplos:
Dan is not old enough to vote. (Dan no tiene la edad suficiente para votar)
My sister isn’t tall enough to ride on the roller coaster. (Mi hermana no es suficientemente alta para subir a la
montaña rusa.)
2. Cuando queremos indicar que algo o alguien es excepcional, podemos usar los adjetivos fuertes.
enormous (enorme), terrible (terrible), tiny (diminuto), excellent (excelente), brilliant (brillante), perfect (perfecto),
marvelous (maravilloso)… Como estos adjetivos fuertes ya indican un extremo (“enorme” = “muy grande”), no usamos el
intensificador “very”. Como intensificador para adjetivos fuertes, se usa generalmente: “absolutamente”,
“excepcionalmente”, “particularmente”, “realmente” o “bastante”.
Ejemplos:
Their house is absolutely enormous. (Su casa es absolutamente enorme.)
Her son is exceptionally brilliant. (Su hijo es excepcionalmente brillante.)
The dinner you made last night was really marvelous. (La cena que hiciste ayer noche era realmente maravillosa.)
Nota: Algunos intensificadores sólo se pueden usar con adjetivos particulares.
ejemplos:
dangerously ill (peligrosamente enfermo) seriously damaged (seriamente dañado)
dangerously fast (peligrosamente rápido) highly successful (altamente exitosa)
seriously injured (seriamente herido) highly intelligent (altamente inteligente)

bitterly disappointed (terriblemente decepcionado) bitterly cold (terriblemente frío)
3. Con adjetivos comparativos se usan palabras o frases particulares como intensificadores.
much (mucho), a lot (mucho), a great deal (mucho), a good bit (bastante)…
Ejemplos:
Dave is much faster than me. (Dave es mucho más rápido que yo.)
My brother is a lot taller than my father. (Mi hermano es mucho más grande que mi padre.)
4. Con adjetivos superlativos usamos lo siguiente:
easily (fácilmente), by far (sin duda)
Ejemplos:
Paul is by far the most intelligent person I know. (Paul es sin duda la persona más inteligente que conozco.)
Her essay was easily the longest in the class. (Su ensayo era fácilmente el más largo de la clase.)
5. Podemos usar so (tan) y such (tan) de la siguiente manera.
Utilizamos “so” con adjetivos o adverbios para mostrar sentimientos o efectos extremos. En estos casos, el adjetivo o
adverbio va directamente despues de “so” en la frase.
Ejemplos:
I have been working since 7 this morning. I’m so tired! (He estado trabajando desde a las 7 por la mañana. ¡Estoy tan
cansada!)
Why are you driving so fast? (¿Por qué estás conduciendo tan rápido?)
Kate is so beautiful. I can’t believe she’s single! (Kate es tan hermosa. íNo puedo creer que esté soltera!)
My daughter studied so hard for her exam. (Mi hija estudió tan duramente para su examen.)
so + quantifier + noun (tan + cuantificador + sustantivo)
Podemos utilizar los cuantificadores (ITEM 23 FROM THE RUBRIC) (“many”, “much”, “little”, etc.) con “so” para indicar
extremos en cantidad, pero hace falta recordar las reglas de usos de los cuantificadores y contables e incontables, singulares y
plurales (para más información, ver la lección de cuantificadores.) Estos son los únicos casos en los que “so” se usa con un
sustantivo. “So much” o “so many” pueden ser traducidos también como “tanto” o “tantos” en español.
Ejemplos:
Teresa has so many talents! (¡Teresa tiene tantos talentos!)
With three kids and a full-time job, my sister has so little free time. (Con tres hijos y un trabajo de jornada completa,
mi hermana tiene tan poco tiempo libre.)
I have so few memories of my childhood. (Tengo tan pocos recuerdos de mi infancia.)
The children watch so much television. (Los niños miran tanta televisión.)
so + that (tan + que)
Podemos utilizar “so” con “that” para mostrar resultados o consecuencias. En general, el uso de “that” es opcional.
Ejemplos:
The music was so loud that I couldn’t hear my own voice. (La música era tan fuerte que no podía oír mi propia voz.)
He was driving so fast that he had an accident. (Estaba conduciendo tan rápido que tuvo un accidente.)
My son studied so hard that he received the best grade in the class. (Mi hijo estudió tan duramente que recibió la
mejor nota de la clase.)
Such
such + adjective + noun (tan + adjetivo + sustantivo)
Como con “so”, utilizamos “such” con adjetivos para mostrar extremos. A diferencia de “so”, “such” está seguido por un
adjetivo más un sustantivo. Las frases que utilizan “such” para dar énfasis se pueden traducir como “¡Que!” en español (ver el
tercer ejemplo).
Ejemplos:
I am so lucky. I have such wonderful friends! (Tengo tanta suerte. ¡Tengo amigos tan maravillosos!)
That is such a pretty dress! You should wear it more often. (¡Este vestido es tan bonito! Debería llevarlo más a
menudo.)
It is such a beautiful day (¡Que día tan bonito!)
Nota: No se puede utilizar “such” con los cuantificadores como “much”, “many”, “few”, o “little”. Sólo con “so” se pueden
utilizar estos cuantificadores.
such + that (tan + que)
Como con “so”, podemos utilizar “such” con “that” para mostrar extremos que terminan en un resultado. En general, el uso
de “that” es opcional.
Ejemplos:
It was such a beautiful day that we decided to go to the beach. (Fue un día tan bonito que decidimos ir a la playa.)
Dave has such a small car that he doesn’t have to spend much money on gas. (Dave tiene un coche tan pequeño que
no tiene que gastar mucho dinero en gasolina.)
It was such a good meal that we made it again the next night. (Era una comida tan buena que la hicimos otra vez la
siguiente noche.)
such + judgmental noun (tan + sustantivo critico)
Con sustantivos críticos, el uso de “such” da énfasis.
Ejemplos:
I have never liked Andy. He is such a jerk! (Nunca me ha gustado Andy. ¡Es tan idiota!)
You are such a clown! Are you ever serious? (Eres un payaso. ¿Jamás estás serio?)
such + noun (tan + sustantivo)
Cuando “such” está seguido directamente por un sustantivo, “such” significa “tal” o “un tipo de”.
Ejemplos:
I have never seen such architecture before. (Nunca he visto tal arquitectura antes.)
We very rarely listen to such music. (Muy raramente escuchamos tal música.)
MITIGATORS (Los mitigadores)
1. Mientras los intensificadores refuerzan el sentido de un adjetivo, los mitigadores los debilitan.
fairly (bastante), rather (bastante), quite (bastante), pretty (bastante)…
Ejemplos:
The movie was fairly boring. (La película era bastante aburrida.)
The students were rather quiet in class. (Los estudiantes eran bastante tranquilos en clase.)
It’s a pretty nice day. (Es un día bastante bonito.)
Nota: “Pretty” se usa en un inglés más informal.
2. Con adjetivos comparativos se usan las siguientes palabras o frases como mitigadores:
a bit (un poco), rather (bastante), a little bit (un poco), slightly (un poco)…
Ejemplos:
Dave is a bit faster than me. (Dave es un poco más rápido que yo.)
My brother is slightly taller than my father. (Mi hermano es un poco más alto que mi padre.)
IMPROVING ITEM 7 – ADJECTIVES
Los adjetivos se colocan antes de los sustantivos y nunca llevan plural.
Interesting books – nunca interesting
Cuando aparece más de uno seguido, el orden que siguen es el siguiente:
Pueden intensifcarse o mitigarse como hemos visto en el punto anterior:
A Really interesting / a bit interesting / quite interesting short German film.
IMPROVING ITEM 8. IDIOMS AND PHRASAL VERBS
PHRASAL VERBS: Tenéis una lista en la página 148 del Student’s book. Os recomiendo que la leáis para que os suenen todos y
que os aprendáis alguno que sea muy útil para que podáis usar en las redacciones de cualquier tema. Si queréis practicarlos,
tenéis en el workbook ejercicios, pp. 63 y 69
IDIOMS: Workbook p.67. Os digo lo mismo. Aprended un par de ellos y si os cuadra en el tema, usadlo en la redacción.
IMPROVING ITEM 10. PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES
Workbook p59 y 65
IMPROVING ITEM 13. CONNECTORS
No seas vago y mirate la larga lista de palabras que sirven para conectar ideas, sobre todo las que equivalen a also, and, but y
because, que son muy básicas.
Aprende a usar although, despite/in spite of, due to/because of, Si los usas mal, es mejor que no los uses.
Recuerda las equivalencias:
because= since= as = due to the fact that
although = even though = in spite of the fact that
Nunca olvides el sujeto después de but y because, no puedes poner because is o but is para decir porque es o pero es.
IMPROVING ITEM 14. REFERENCING
Cuando hablamos de algo en general utilizamos el plural y no ponemos the. Por eso, si seguimos hablando del tema usaremos
they para referirnos a aquello de lo que empezamos a hablar.
The plane is Planes are the best means of transport. They are fast and safe.
Cuando utilizamos un sustantivo incontable, si después nos referimos a él, usaremos it.
Technology has advanced a lot recently. It makes our lives easier.
Siempre que utilicemos it o they como sujeto, debemos tener en cuenta que se refieren a algo que se ha dicho inmediatamente
antes, es decir, en la frase anterior. Si queremos referirnos a toda una idea, utilizaremos this en lugar de it.
Global warming has caused a climate change. This has resulted in a destruction of rainforests.
Sí que vamos a usar the con cosas de las que solo hay uno:
the sun, the moon, the universe, the world, the earth, the stars, the sky, etc.
Y cuando hablamos específicamente de algo: the students at Eulogio, the computers in my office, etc.
IMPROVING ITEM 15. RELATIVE CLAUSES
Recordad que hay dos tipos: si definimos algo muy general no vamos a poner comas pero si no hace falta definirlo pondremos
comas para añadir información extra. Después de coma nunca se pone that, si nos referimos a una cosa sera siempre which.
Recordad también que además de which, who, where, when, whose existe la el pronombre whom cuando va después de una
preposición y se refiere a una persona y que también se puede usar why y what como relativos y llevan después un sujeto.
I always do what (lo que) I want.
The reason why I have chosen this book is because…..
FORMAL: The person about whom I was talking is my cousin. (=The person (who) I was talking about was my cousin)
FORMAL: The topic about which I was talking about is science. (=The topic (which) I was talking about was science.
IMPROVING ITEM 16 – SUBJECTS
Todos los verbos deben referirse a un sujeto y concordar con él, excepto cuando estamos usando oraciones de relativo, porque
el mismo sujeto nos vale para ambas partes de la frase.
The man who is at the door is my dad. (no ponemos he antes de is, el sujeto es the man para los dos)
Además el sujeto de una oración siempre va en posición 1 aunque en español sea al revés-
Vinieron mis primos- My cousins came.
Sonó el teléfono- the phone rang.
Sin embargo, hay expresiones como "Es imposible hacer este proyecto en 24 horas" en las que comenzamos con It is y luego un
adjetivo y un infinitivo: It is impossible (for me) to do this project in 24 hours . Esto mismo se puede decir invirtiendo el orden
pero utilizando el gerundio del verbo como sujeto: Doing this project in 24 hours is impossible.
IMPROVING ITEMS 17,18 & 19
Para esto usad el apéndice de gramática de vuestro libro o esos apuntes que os colgué sobre los tiempos verbales.
Muy importante no poner formas conjugadas después de los modales: can, could, must, may, might, will, would, estos siempre
van seguidos de forma base: eat, drive, come… sin ing o ed o s, y cuando son modales perfectos siempre van seguidos de have,
nunca has y después el participio.
Importante el pasado negativo de have es didn’t have nunca hadn’t, hadn’t solo se usa en el pasado perfecto y significa no había
o no hubo. Va seguido de un verbo en participio.
Si no tuviera amigos me cambiaría de colegio: If I didn’t have any friends, I would change school.
IMPROVING ITEM 21- THE ORDER OF ELEMENTS WITHIN A SENTENCE
Como hemos visto antes:
1º sujeto 2º verbo y después van los complementos en este orden:
3º objeto indirecto / 4º objeto directo/5º modo /6º lugar / 7º tiempo
I will tell /you /the story/ quietly /at school/ tomorrow.
IMPROVING ITEM 22- COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES
Debéis recordar que hay dos tipos de adjetivos: cortos y largos. Para formar el comparativo y el superlativo de los cortos se
añade X-er than (Nunca that) o the X-est al adjetivo y si es largo se añade more X than o the most X.
Si la comparación es de igualdad, utilizaremos la expresión (not) as X as = (no) tan X como
Con los superlativos es frecuente encontrar expresiones como : in the world (del mundo), of all (de todos/as), that I've ever
(participle) (que jamás he...) She is the most beautiful girl that I've ever seen /in the world/of all.
Cuidado con la ortografía: happier than/ sadder than / the happiest / the saddest
IMPROVING ITEM 22- PLURALS
Hay sustantivos que tienen plurales irregulares: man-men, woman-women, child-children (childrens no existe), person-people,
mouse-mice (mouses no existe), en otros el plural y el singular es la misma forma fish-fish (fishes no existe) sheep-sheep y otros
que varían en su ortografía como life-lives (lifes no existe), knife-knives, wolf-wolves, shelf-shelves- scarf-scarves, loaf-loaves.
Los plurales de sustantivos que acaban en -y : ladies, babies, lorries, ferries

IMPROVING ITEM 22- TERMINACIONES
-ed - studied / stopped
-ing- studying / flying/ stopping / having / seeing
-s - studies / flies / stops / goes / watches / washes / kisses / fixes
IMPROVING ITEM 23- DETERMINERS AND QUANTIFIERS
Muchos/muchas
Si el sustantivo es contable, lo ponemos en plural y expresamos muchos/muchas con: many / a lot of / plenty of / lots of
Many people /Many students are....
Expresamos algunos/as ningunos/as con some / any y pocos con few (si el hecho de ser pocos es malo) o a few (si nos
conformamos con que sean pocos)
I have got some friends. / Few people like me. I haven't got many friends/ I have got a few friends here and we go out every
night.
Si el sustantivo es incontable siempre es singular y expresamos mucho/a con: a lot of / plenty of / lots of
Having a lot of money / Drinking plenty of water / Eating lots of sugar is...
Expresamos algo de / nada de con some / any y poco con little (si el hecho de ser poco es malo) o a little (si nos conformamos
con que sea pocos)
I don't have much money but I have a little. / If you have little savings(ahorros) you won't be able to retire.
Solo usamos MUCH si el sustantivo es INCONTABLE y la frase es NEGATIVA
I haven't got much money / I don't drink much water / I don't eat much sugar, only a little.
Podemos usar A LOT (afirmativa) y MUCH ( negativa) para referirnos a verbos sin poner sustantivo después.
I sleep a lot. / I don't sleep much.
IMPROVING ITEM 24- PUNTCTUATION
Es importante poner la COMA después de conectores como Moreover, Besides, In addition, Furthermore, However,
Nevertheless, In fact, etc. Todos estos empiezan frase, así que van después de PUNTO. (Aprende a usar although que no lleva
coma después.)
No hagáis frases demasiado largas. Si ves que usas mucho BUT, AND O SO corta con un punto y empieza otra frase nueva con
HOWEVER, o MOREOVER, o THEREFORE,
Si haces una lista de cosas, sepáralas con comas y antes de la última cosa pon un and. Evita los puntos suspensivos, si no tienes
más remedio porque has nombrado muchas cosas y podrías continuar eternamente, es mejor que uses una coma y etc.
IMPROVING ITEM 23 - PREPOSITIONS
IMPROVING ITEM 25- GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES ____________
MORE PRACTICE 1
Vocabulary
1 Match the sentences in A to their continuations in B. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
A
1. Kevin is insulted because you didn’t come to his party.
2. Anna has decided to look for another job.
3. Sit up straight and smile during the interview.
4. This is a great holiday deal to New York.
5. The morning bus never comes on time.
6. A thief broke into my neighbour’s house last night.
7. The teacher doesn’t want to change the test date to Monday.
B
 a. I hope nothing valuable was stolen.
 b. It includes the flight, hotel and meals.
 c. You should apologise to him.
 d. Her boss wants to talk her out of leaving.
 e. Maybe the students will convince her to change her mind.
 f. Your body language can also give a good impression.
 g. We are going to complain to the company about this issue.
2 Choose the correct answer.
1. Don’t join / blame me for forgetting to buy the film tickets.
2. Did you see the collection / notice about the next English test?
3. Sandra is a sensitive / sensible girl who easily gets upset.
4. The fans cheered when their team won the championship / leadership.
5. Ian didn’t provide / react well to the bad news.
6. Children often can’t pronounce / advertise long words correctly.
7. Karen was hurt by her boyfriend’s happiness / indifference to her problem.
8. You must correct the pollution / punctuation in your writing exercise.
1. If you talk back / over to your teacher, you will be punished.
2. Amanda complained that her older sister always talks out of / down to her.
3. We talked Dad down to / into taking us to the beach on Saturday.
4. She couldn’t talk her husband back / out of going to work although he was ill.
5. The boss wants to talk over / down to the new office rules with his workers.
4 Replace the words and phrases in bold with the words below.
graduate • disease • fascinating • quarrel • massive • doubtful
1. I don’t want to have an argument with you about using the car. ……………………
2. A huge number of people came to the summer music festival. ……………………
3. I’m unsure that everyone will come to my party. ……………………
4. My brother is going to complete his university studies next spring. ……………………
5. The doctors will use the new medicine to treat this serious illness. ……………………
6. My grandfather told me interesting stories about his life. ……………………
5 Complete the sentences with the words and phrases below.
fluent • countless • get the message across • truthful • worthwhile • blame • mysterious
1. There are ……………………………… sites with information for tourists on the Internet.
2. Daniel is ……………………………… in French because he lived in France for ten years.
3. The speaker used graphs and photos to ……………………………… .
4. We don’t ……………………………… them for the damage. It was just an accident.
5. Last night, we called the police about a ……………………………… person near our house.
6. There’s nothing ……………………………… in this newspaper report. All the information
is inaccurate.
7. I think it’s ……………………………… reading this new bestseller. You’ll enjoy it.
Grammar
1. We … cleaning the house by the time my parents came home.
a. had finished b. have finished
2. Carl hopes he … his car by next week.
a. have sold b. will have sold
3. Matthew … just … to play the piano. Do you want to hear?
a. has … learned b. had … learned
4. … your cousins recently?
a. Had you seen b. Have you seen
5. The teacher went to the office because she … the test papers there.
a. has left b. had left
6. Most people … their first car by the age of 30.
a. will have bought b. had bought
7. The annual dance competition … always … place in May.
a. has … taken b. will have … taken
8. I couldn’t leave until I … the dog for a walk.
a. had taken b. have taken
9. How long … the flat before he decided to move?
a. had Paul rented b. has Paul rented
10. Let’s meet tomorrow. By that time, I … an answer for you.
a. have had b. will have had
2 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Present Perfect Simple, Past Perfect Simple
or Future Perfect Simple.
1. The painter …………………… (finish) painting the house by the time you come home.
2. …………………… the children …………………… (have) dinner before their television programme began?
3. The term tests begin next week. However, the students …………………… (not read) the story
by then.
4. I’m surprised that my best friend …………………… (not call) me all week. Maybe she’ll call tomorrow.
5. After Bill …………………… (graduate) from university, he got a job in a big company.
6. By the time the summer starts, Alice …………………… (lose) ten kilos.
1. It’s ten o’clock. We have been waiting / had been waiting for the bus for 20 minutes.
2. Had the alarm been making / Has the alarm been making noise since you opened the door?
3. William finally found the key after he has been looking / had been looking for it all morning.
4. Cathy often falls asleep during the day because the baby has been keeping / had been keeping
her up all night.
5. The ground was wet because it had been raining / has been raining the whole night.
6. By the time Mike and Lisa sent me an e-mail message, they have been travelling /
had been travelling for a month.
1.
I will have dreamed / have dreamed of going abroad to work for a year. Many of my friends
2.
have done / have been doing this in the past year. However, I don’t want to go until I
3.
have learned / had learned the language of the country.
That’s the reason that I 4. have been studying / will have studied Italian since January. Last week, after I 5. had
passed / had been passing the highest level, my teacher told me that my Italian was excellent.
I 6. had applied / have been applying for jobs in Rome and, I hope that by the end of the summer,
I 7. will have moved / have moved to Italy.
5 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use a suitable perfect tense.
1. They …………………… never …………………… (travel) to another country. This will be their first trip abroad.
2. The dog …………………… (bark) for over an hour until its owner went to see what was wrong.
3. We …………………… (drink) all the water in the bottle before the hike was completed.
4. Molly didn’t learn to cook until she …………………… (get) her own flat.
5. My brother …………………… (not feel) well for a couple of days. He is going to see the doctor soon.
6. By the time Shelley arrived at the café, Brian …………………… (order) some coffee.
MORE PRACTICE 2
Vocabulary
1 Choose the correct answer to show that you have understood the meaning of the words in bold.
1. The computer course was very effective.
a. It was a waste of time.
b. We learned a lot.
2. Can you keep a secret?
a. I don’t want anyone to know.
b. Tell as many people as you can.
3. The spectators … .
a. paid a lot of money for the tickets
b. are playing for the championship
4. Can you lend me your phone?
a. I’ll pay you for it.
b. I’ll return it soon.
1. That man looks suspicious. Keep track of / Keep your eyes on him.
2. The police work hard to prevent / improve crime in our neighbourhood.
3. It’s unfair / misleading to ask Jim to pay because he doesn’t have a job.
4. The latest budget / trend is creating your own blog on the Internet.
5. The sponsors / contestants were divided into teams.
3 Replace the words and phrases in bold with the words and phrases below.
purchase • tolerate • get by • huge • judge • keep in mind
1. I know enough French to manage in Paris. ……………………
2. Don’t give an opinion about Sharon’s behaviour until you get to know her. ……………………
3. Most people are very excited when they buy their first car. ……………………
4. My parents can’t deal with the loud rock music that I like to listen to. ……………………
5. Don’t forget that we must leave in an hour. ……………………
6. She lives in a very big house. ……………………
1. A: Have you met Tom’s new girlfriend yet?
B: Yes, she and Tom paid me a visit / paid attention last Sunday evening. She was wearing an
expensive designer dress. She has a very childish / glamorous taste in clothes, doesn’t she?
A: I don’t like her taste in clothing at all. I think it’s really brilliant / over the top.
B: Well, Tom likes her and that’s what’s important.
2. A: We’re spending too much money. We have to cut back on / increase going out to restaurants.
B: Too bad. I just saw an advert / a network for a new Italian restaurant that I wanted to go to
this Friday.
A: Well, if we want to save money, we will have to start reducing our products / expenses.
eye-catching • decrease • keep track of • major • owe • income
1. Peter is on a diet. He wants to …………………… the number of calories he eats.
2. Did you notice her ring? It’s …………………… .
3. Her …………………… has stayed the same for years so she’s going to ask her boss
for more money.
4. It’s hard to …………………… all the changes in our schedule.
5. I’m familiar with all the …………………… computer companies.
6. I think you …………………… me an apology for insulting me.
Grammar
1. “I will return your camera,” Ellen said.
Ellen said that she returned / would return my camera.
2. “When is the train going to arrive?” the passenger wanted to know.
The passenger wanted to know when the train was going / was the train going to arrive.
3. “Don’t come in the house with your muddy shoes,” Mother said to us.
Mother told us not to / to not come in the house with our muddy shoes.
4. “My computer hasn’t been working all week,” the secretary complained.
The secretary complained that her computer hadn’t been working / wasn’t working all week.
5. “Let’s have a party,” my friends suggested.
My friends suggested to have / having a party.
6. “Does the coach want the team to train on Mondays?” the captain asked.
The captain asked if the coach had wanted / wanted the team to train on Mondays.
2 Complete the sentences in reported speech.
1. “I have never visited France,” Anna complained.
Anna complained that .................................................................................................................................. .
2. “Where will you look for work?” Peter asked.
Peter asked me ............................................................................................................................................. .
3. “Let’s study this chapter again,” my friend suggested.
My friend suggested that ............................................................................................................................. .
4. “Take the rubbish out,” Jerry told me.
Jerry told me ................................................................................................................................................ .
5. “The baby didn’t sleep well,” the babysitter reported.
The babysitter reported that ....................................................................................................................... .
6. “Are you going to the beach?”
They wanted to know if ............................................................................................................................... .
3 Complete the sentences with the correct verb and reported speech. Make any necessary changes.
1. “I will take you to the shops.”
Father promised / complained that ............................................................................................................ .
2. “Don’t eat the cake!”
Paula warned me / explained to me ........................................................................................................... .
3. “We robbed the bank.”
The suspects admitted / asked .................................................................................................................... .
4. “My new computer always breaks down.”
Bob complained / informed ........................................................................................................................ .
5. “Why are the guests leaving early?”
Linda wondered / reported ......................................................................................................................... .
A. I met an old friend that I had not seen for a long time yesterday. I asked her where she
1.
was / had been all that time. She told me that she 2. has been living / had been living in
California but she 3. was planning / had been planning to move back to New York. She
promised 4. to call / calling me soon. I suggested 5. staying / to stay in touch through Facebook.
She said that she 6. hadn’t had / didn’t have a page on Facebook, but she 7. opened / would open one
immediately.
B. My son spends hours on the computer. Last night, I asked him what he 8. did / had done all that time. He said
that he 9. liked / would like to play games and tweet with his friends. I wanted to
know what games he 10. did he play / played. He offered to 11. showing / show me his favourite game. I’m
bored by computer games, so I told him that we 12. were doing / would do that another time. He complained
that I always 13. had given / gave him the same answer!
5 Write the sentences in reported speech.
1. “How do you get such good marks?” Max wondered.
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
2. “Let’s order pizza,” the children suggested.
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
3. “The race is beginning,” the teacher shouted.
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
4. “John, did you remember to call Brad?” I asked.
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
MORE PRACTICE 3
Vocabulary
1. The coach worshipped / encouraged the players to try harder.
2. Barry got an award / a costume for being the best player in the team.
3. We got front row seats / in the spotlight for the football final.
4. I won’t buy these shoes because the price is unique / outrageous.
5. Will you keep at / be around to help me prepare dinner?
6. Tom sang so badly that the audience began to boo / cheer.
7. Molly loves to live up to / show off her expensive clothes.
1. I will … this moment for years to come.
a. remember b. forget
2. Wealthy people have got a lot of … .
a. friends b. money
3. We … during the interval.
a. watched the film b. made a phone call
4. The … gave me his autograph.
a. maths teacher b. famous actor
5. Stop making that disturbing … .
a. noise b. breakfast
enthusiastic • packed • call off • venue • rehearse • weird
1. Jean might cancel the meeting. ……………………
2. We have to practise our lines for the school play. ……………………
3. The children are very excited about going to the beach. ……………………
4. This juice is a strange colour. Don’t drink it. ……………………
5. The shopping centre was very crowded because of the yearly sales. ……………………
6. We want a small, quiet place for the wedding. ……………………
4 Complete the sentences with the correct expression. Make any necessary changes.
go wild • appeal to • break up • take off • make it • come down on • book a ticket
1. Black clothes don’t …………………… me. I prefer colourful clothes.
2. If you want to fly to Berlin during the summer, you must …………………… now.
3. My parents …………………… me for not helping my brother with his homework yesterday.
4. If Jenny trains hard, she …………………… to the swimming finals.
5. It was so hot in the room that Adam …………………… his jacket.
6. After the Beatles …………………… , John Lennon began a solo career.
7. The audience …………………… when the musicians came on stage.
5 Match A to B to form sentences. Pay attention to the words in bold.
A
1. The scientist was unknown
2. The actress made her comeback
3. The lighting in this room is so bad
4. We will stay overnight
5. Mike put on his best suit
6. The atmosphere in the room was tense
B
 a. in a cheap hotel.
 b. that I can’t read my book.
 c. in a popular television show.
 d. when he went for the interview.
 e. when the teacher gave back the tests.
 f. until he found a cure for this disease.
Grammar
1 Complete the sentences with the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets.
1. The electricity bill ……………………………… (must pay) next week.
2. Yesterday’s assignment ……………………………… (not prepare).
3. Your question ……………………………… already ……………………………… (answer)
by the secretary.
4. The time of the meeting ……………………………… (set) before you called me.
5. How many people ……………………………… (invite) so far?
6. The winners of the competition ……………………………… (chose) last Monday.
2 Complete the sentences with the correct active or passive form of the verbs in brackets.
1. People stood and watched while the building …………………… (destroy).
2. I love this guitar. My father …………………… (give) it to me for my last birthday.
3. That man was driving carelessly. He …………………… (should blame) for the accident.
4. Can we play, or …………………… someone …………………… (use) the tennis court?
5. My car isn’t working. …………………… it …………………… (repair) soon?
6. You don’t need an X-ray. We’re sure your leg …………………… (not break).
7. Ingrid hasn’t come out of the room yet. …………………… she still …………………… (examine)?
8. This is a great phone. You …………………… (can / download) lots of apps on it.
3 Rewrite the sentences in the passive. Omit the agent when possible.
1. He has just written his latest bestseller.
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
2. You must use a seat belt when you drive.
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
3. They hadn’t repaired the car so they came by bus.
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
4. Why does rock music bother the neighbours?
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
4 Complete the mini-dialogues with the verbs in brackets. Use the causative form.
1. A: Why can’t we meet tomorrow morning?
B: I …………………… my nails …………………… (do) at the beauty salon.
2. A: What did Jane do with her dog when she was away?
B: She …………………… her dog …………………… (walk) in the mornings.
3. A: Why is Britney talking to the checkout girl?
B: She wants to …………………… the shopping …………………… (deliver) to her home.
4. A: There’s a virus on our computer.
B: We …………………… it …………………… (must repair) immediately.
5. A: What did you do with that letter in Italian?
B: I …………………… it …………………… (translate) by my friend Max, who knows the language.
5 Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the active or passive form.
Linda 1. ……………………………… (need) to do a lot of things before her family
2.
……………………………… (go) on holiday. The tickets 3. ……………………………… (buy)
a week ago, but they 4. ……………………………… (pick up) by her husband tomorrow. The
clothes 5. ……………………………… (must choose) so the suitcases 6. ……………………………… (can pack). Linda 7.
……………………………… (have) a list, but she 8. ……………………………… (add) new tasks since it 9. ………………………………
(write) last week. Every year, Linda
10.
……………………………… (ask) herself why she always 11. ……………………………… (work) so hard before a holiday. She
12.
……………………………… (dream) of having a relaxing time at the beach while the children 13. ………………………………
(watch) by her husband. At least that’s what she 14. …………………… (promise) by her husband every year!
MORE PRACTICE 4
Vocabulary
1 Match A to B to form sentences. Pay attention to the words in bold.
A
1. The child misbehaved at dinner,
2. The court decided that
3. The intercity bus is often faster
4. It’s unbelievable that
5. Paul has a very positive approach
6. Many people had to rebuild
7. The roof leaked badly
B
 a. to life.
 b. than the train.
 c. the thief was guilty.
 d. he survived the tsunami.
 e. so he was sent to his room.
 f. and we had a flood in the kitchen.
 g. their homes after the hurricane.
1. The teacher reduced / threatened to tell my parents about my bad behaviour.
2. We don’t go to that restaurant because it’s always overcrowded / overpopulated.
3. The national park near our city has interesting wildlife / urbanisation.
4. Martin looked for a new job because he was underweight / underpaid.
5. Do you destroy /disapprove of my appearance?
3 Choose the correct answer to show that you have understood the meaning of the words in italics.
1. The research paper is incomplete. We have to start / finish it.
2. Father wants to cut down the big tree / pavement in front of the house.
3. Inactive people often get thin / fat.
4. My gym banned the use of mobile phones because they help / distract people.
5. The driver was charged with parking / speeding.
6. The factory polluted the river / mountains with poisonous materials.
4 Replace the words and phrases in bold with the words below.
dishonest • treasures • shocked • litter • damaged • impolite
1. My parents were unpleasantly surprised by my decision to leave university. ……………………
2. Most of the furniture was badly harmed in the fire. ……………………
3. I never trust Anna because she’s not truthful. ……………………
4. Eating with your fingers instead of using a fork is rude. ……………………
5. The museum has many valuable objects that are rarely shown to the public. ……………………
6. There is almost no rubbish in our city centre because of the strict laws. ……………………
Our neighbours are environmental 1. auctions / activists who have a “green” lifestyle. Their house uses only 2.
solar power / global warming. There is no 3. waste / wilderness in their home. They 4. regret / reuse glass
bottles and paper. They supplied / replaced their old light bulbs with eco-friendly ones. Last year, there was a 5.
water shortage / deforestation because there wasn’t enough rain. My neighbours asked everyone to 6. exploit /
avoid using extra water in their gardens. Since then, I have always felt 7. guilty / illegal when I water my plants.
6 Complete the sentences with the words below.
fuel • international • dump • misunderstood • face • trial • source
1. The children always …………………… their muddy boots on the rug.
2. Sheila …………………… your message and arrived late for the meeting.
3. Daniel forgot to order the …………………… , so we couldn’t heat the house.
4. Reporters always keep the …………………… of their information secret.
5. I work for a well-known …………………… company that has offices all over the world.
6. Professional athletes …………………… many challenges during their careers.
7. The lawyer called four witnesses during the …………………… .
Grammar
1. Jack will consider selling his car if you offer / offered / will offer him a good price.
2. If it hadn’t rained, we would have gone / had gone / went jogging in the park.
3. If you see John, will tell / told / tell him to call me.
4. I won’t bother / wouldn’t bother / didn’t bother her if I were you.
5. Mother will agree to give us the car as long as we paid / will pay / pay for the petrol.
6. If you found €100 in the street, what did you do / would you do / will you do?
2 Match A to B to form sentences.
A
1. As soon as the meal is ready,
2. If she had more time,
3. If the shop assistant hadn’t shown me this shirt,
4. The bus driver will stop at the corner
5. He wouldn’t have fallen asleep at school
6. My brother wishes
7. Ethan would learn how to drive a car
B
 a. if we ask her to.
 b. we will eat.
 c. if he hadn’t stayed up late.
 d. I wouldn’t have bought it.
 e. she would finish the painting.
 f. if he had enough money for lessons.
 g. his favourite team hadn’t lost the game.
3 Choose the correct continuation.
1. We would have left our umbrellas at home … .
a. if we hear the weather forecast
b. if we had heard the weather forecast
2. We must leave now … .
a. unless there’s a later bus
b. unless there was a later bus
3. The house won’t be so warm … .
a. if you turn on the air conditioning
b. if you had turned on the air conditioning
4. The office worker would file the papers … .
a. if he has the time
b. if he had the time
4 Write sentences with the words below according to the form in brackets.
1. they / see / their friends / if they / visit / London (third conditional)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
2. Luke / lend / you / some money / if / you / ask (first conditional)

........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
3. if I / be / you / I / never believe / her stories (second conditional)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
4. Father / drive / the children / to school / before / he / go / to work (time clause)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
5 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets.
1. The customers wish the shop ……………………………… (stay) open later in the evening.
2. If you had watered the garden, the grass ……………………………… (not turn) brown.
3. No one will see your new dress if you ……………………………… (not remove) your coat.
4. ……………………………… the hotel room ……………………………… (be) ready if we
arrive early?
5. If the dog ……………………………… (not bark) at the burglar, Tony wouldn’t have woken up.
6. I wish you ……………………………… (not cancel) the picnic last weekend.
7. The school ……………………………… (not allow) students to go on the trip unless their
parents agree.
8. If I were a good runner, I ……………………………… (participate) in the marathon.
It’s the end of the school year and Natalie doesn’t know what to do. If she 1. worked / works /
had worked during the summer holiday, she 2. would have saved / would save / will save a lot of money.
However, she volunteered at the hospital all year and if she 3. doesn’t continue /
didn’t continue / hadn’t continued, she 4. would miss / will miss / would have missed helping the patients. She
wishes she 5. could do / is doing / will be able to do both, but she can’t. If I 6. had been / am / were Natalie, I 7.
will take / would have taken / would take a summer job. She can always volunteer in September.
MORE PRACTICE 5
Vocabulary
1 Choose the correct answer to show you have understood the meaning of the words in italics.
1. Alicia wants a part-time job. She wants to work ordinary hours / just mornings.
2. Jonathan worked his way to the top after starting as the boss / an assistant.
3. I decided to switch health clubs because I was pleased / disappointed with the new management.
4. My friend is always punctual. She’s never late / on time.
5. The shop owner fired some of his workers because they stole / made money.
6. He’s very reliable. You should / don’t have to worry.
1. If you want to change careers, you should … .
a. get some training b. run a business
2. We cleaned the room and threw away a lot of … .
a. staff b. stuff
3. Anyone working in sales must have … .
a. odd jobs b. people skills
4. Marian left the company and now works alone from home. She enjoys being … .
a. self-employed b. a team player
5. If you want to … , then you will have to study.
a. be skilled b. have common sense
6. The man … me and stole my purse.
a. raised b. attacked
3 Match A to B to form sentences.

A B
1.Jason was promoted to  a. amount of weight.
2.I challenge you to  b. vice-president of the company.
3.She looks great. She’s lost a substantial  c. because she burned the food.
4.Robert decided to ask for a rise  d. after he had been working here for a year.
5.The cook got the sack  e. so she gets home late.
6.Ella works overtime,  f. but he also gives yoga lessons.
7.Being a sports teacher is his bread  g. a game of chess.
and butter,
in charge of • propose • presume • ran away • paid peanuts • show me the ropes • resigned
1. The teenagers were given a very low salary when they worked at the amusement park.
……………………
2. I suppose Adam is on holiday because he hasn’t been at work this week. ……………………
3. Everyone at my new job is willing to explain to me how to do things. ……………………
4. Our dog escaped and it took us four hours to find her. ……………………
5. The mayor of our city quit his position because of bad health. ……………………
6. They are responsible for the costumes for the school play. ……………………
7. What do you suggest we do now? ……………………
5 Complete the sentences with the words and phrases below. Make any necessary changes.
shifts • hold down a job • knowledge • make a living • call the shots
full-time job • see the point • hard-working
1. Brad is the one who ……………………………… . His partner never says anything at the meetings.
2. Mary decided to look for a ……………………………… after her youngest child started school.
3. The shop is looking for ……………………………… people who can work long hours.
4. My aunt ……………………………… as a tour guide.
5. Working ……………………………… means that sometimes you work all night and sleep during the day.
6. James is so lazy that he finds it hard to ……………………………… .
7. I don’t ……………………………… of staying any longer.
8. Has she got any ……………………………… of the economic situation in Europe?
Grammar
1 Add a relative pronoun and match A to B to form sentences. There may be more than one possible answer.
A
1. George can’t remember the name of the shop ……………………
2. I prefer wearing shoes ……………………
3. We have to warn all the employees ……………………
4. The reporter wants to interview the student ……………………
5. Morning is the time ……………………
6. My sister succeeded in a computer course ……………………
B
 a. I work the best.
 b. he bought his jacket.
 c. use the lift that it’s not working.
 d. are made of real leather.
 e. project won first prize.
 f. most people found hard to understand.
2 Combine the sentences using the relative pronouns in brackets. Add a comma when needed.
1. Many teenagers look for jobs in hotels. They can work there during the summer. (where)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
2. Bus number 27 is always crowded. It travels all over the city. (which)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
3. The film is about a doctor. He saves many children’s lives in India. (who)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
4. The high-tech company is looking for engineers. Their references are good. (whose)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
5. The best-selling author is signing books at the shop today. She is very well known. (who)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
6. She tries to forget the day. She was fired that day. (when)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
3 Complete the passage with suitable relative pronouns. There may be more than one possible answer.
Jack: Where are my jeans?
Andy: You mean the jeans 1. …………………… you wore last night?
Jack: Yes, the ones 2. …………………… pockets have zips. Here’s the chair 3. ……………………
I always put them, but they’re missing.
Andy: I think those are the jeans 4. …………………… Mum is washing now.
Jack: Oh, no! There’s a note 5. …………………… I left in the pocket. It has the phone number of
a girl 6. …………………… is selling her racing bike. It’s a bike 7. ……………………
ordinary price is double what she’s asking. It’s just the bike 8. ……………………
I’ve wanted to buy for a long time.
Andy: Maybe Mum hasn’t started the washing machine. Hurry up and check!
4 Rewrite the sentences using the formal structure.
1. I got a letter about the position which I applied for.
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
2. The old man who she is talking to is a millionaire.
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
3. The Internet company which they ordered the computer from went out of business.
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
4. The speaker who we are listening to knows how to interest an audience.
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
5 Complete the sentences.
1.July and August are months when ..............................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................... .
2 .Jennifer fell in love with a boy who ...........................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................... .
3. Coffee is a drink which ...............................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................... .
4.The story is about a family whose ...............................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................... .
5.I usually choose to study in a place where .................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
MORE PRACTICE 6
Vocabulary
1. Could you … this … for me on your way to work?
a. drop … off b. break … down
2. I don’t like walking down this … at night.
a. lane b. roundabout
3. Bob received a … for driving without a seat belt.
a. poll b. fine
4. The city lowered the … on this road to increase road safety.
a. traffic jam b. speed limit
5. If you need to buy some petrol, … the next petrol station.
a. pick up b. pull into
6. It’s difficult for smokers to … after so many years.
a. break this habit b. speed up
7. The head teacher … the school rules by giving out punishments.
a. enforces b. runs over
2 Choose the correct answer to show that you have understood the meaning of the words in bold.
1. Mary slowed down when she saw the children at the corner.
a. She stopped driving.
b. She didn’t drive as fast as before.
2. Professor Higgins went on a worldwide lecture tour.
a. He lectured about many countries.
b. He travelled to many countries.
3. The performance was delayed because the singer hadn’t arrived.
a. The performance started late.
b. The performance started on time.
4. Please use the exit on the left side of the room.
a. Enter the room through the left door.
b. Leave through the left door.
5. Cautious drivers are rarely involved in accidents.
a. They drive carefully.
b. They drive dangerously.
fatal • boot • stuck • campaign • zebra crossing • jaywalk • head-on collision
1. It’s difficult to cross this busy street because there’s no …………………… .
2. There’s no room in the …………………… for all the packages.
3. Tom is …………………… in a business meeting and will be late for dinner.
4. Katie was lucky to survive the …………………… with only a broken arm.
5. You risk your life when you …………………… .
6. The shop hired top models for its new advertising …………………… .
7. Medical research is always looking for a way to cure …………………… diseases.
resist the urge • prove • distracted • overtake • unaware
1. Steve almost hit another car because he was unable to concentrate because of the news.
……………………
2. The facts show without a doubt that he is innocent. ……………………
3. She seemed not to know that her joke had insulted some people at the party. ……………………
4. Can you overcome the temptation to eat another piece of cake? ……………………
5. Pamela tried to pass the car in front of her. ……………………
1. A: Why are you leaving now?
B: I want to avoid the 1. dead end / rush hour. If I leave later, the roads will be packed with
2.
motorists / pedestrians driving home from work.
2. A: I have to turn right at the next 3. junction / pavement to get to Carol’s house.
B: Actually, you can’t. That’s a 4. right of way / one-way street.
3. A: My son just got his driving licence. I don’t know if he’s 5. reckless / mature enough to handle driving on
his own.
B: I understand why you’re worried. Young drivers don’t realise how 6. inexperienced / tough they are on
the roads.
Grammar
1 Complete the sentences with the modals below.
couldn’t • shouldn’t • may • can • must • mustn’t
1. You …………………… drive over the speed limit.
2. …………………… I please use the car today?
3. We’re stuck in traffic so we …………………… be late.
4. There’s very little petrol in the car, so you …………………… fill up on the way home.
5. We …………………… hear the announcement because there was so much noise.
6. You …………………… worry. He’s a careful driver.
2 Complete the dialogues with the correct form of the verbs in brackets and the modal perfects below.
needn’t have • could have • should have • must have
1. A: Did Matt bring his laptop to work today?
B: I didn’t see it on his desk. He …………………… (leave) it at home.
2. A: I brought you some flowers for your birthday.
B: Thank you! You …………………… (make) such an effort.
3. A: Bob called and said he had missed the train.
B: He …………………… (get) to the station earlier.
4. A: Amy knows French so well. Why didn’t you study for the test with her?
B: I …………………… (ask) her for help, but I don’t like her!
3 Choose the sentence that is closer in meaning to the original sentence.
1. She should have gone to sleep early.
a. She went to sleep late.
b. It was a mistake to go to sleep so early.
2. They might cancel their trip to Paris.
a. They aren’t sure if they are going to Paris.
b. They’ve already decided not to go to Paris.
3. You needn’t have paid for dinner.
a. You don’t need to pay for dinner.
b. It wasn’t necessary to pay for dinner.
4. It must have rained.
a. We thought it would rain, but it didn’t.
b. The ground is wet because of the rain.
5. Bill couldn’t have known about the accident.
a. Bill was in an accident.
b. It isn’t possible that Bill knew about the accident.
4 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.
1. There’s a possibility that my cousin is going to visit me next Sunday. (might)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
2. Walking on the grass is not allowed. (mustn’t)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
3. John has the ability to be an excellent football player, but he doesn’t like the game. (could have)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
4. It wasn’t nice that you didn’t call me on my birthday. (ought to)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
5. Everyone expected the president to arrive on time, but he was late. (should have)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
6. Claire doesn’t have to return the car today. (needn’t)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
7. Holly doesn’t know how to drive. (can’t)
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
5 Complete the passage with a suitable modal or modal perfect and the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
For ten days last August, a queue of cars 95 kilometres long stood still on a motorway outside Beijing in what 1.
……………………………… (must / be) the worst traffic jam in history. “I’ve been waiting here for days,” said one lorry
driver. “How 2. ……………………………… I ……………………………… (can / make) a living this way?” This 3.
……………………………… (may / be) an extreme example, but it’s not that unusual. People in Beijing 4.
……………………………… (have to / deal) with the worst traffic jams on the planet. Drivers complain that the
government 5. ……………………………… (should / build) more roads a long time ago. The government, however, 6.
……………………………… (not able to / keep up) with the growing number of vehicles bought every year by newly
wealthy citizens. Without China’s recent economic boom, people 7. ……………………………… (might / stay) on their
bicycles and Beijing 8. ……………………………… (could / be) free of congestion. So traffic jams, though annoying, are
a sign that the Chinese are getting richer.
ANSWERS
More Practice 1 More Practice 2
Vocabulary Vocabulary
1 1. c 3. f 5. g 7. e 1 1. b 2. a 3. a 4. b
2. d 4. b 6. a 2 1. Keep your eyes on 4. trend
2 1. blame 5. react 2. prevent 5. contestants
2. notice 6. pronounce 3. unfair
3. sensitive 7. indifference
4. championship 8. punctuation 3 1. get by 4. tolerate
2. judge 5. Keep in mind
3 1. back 4. out of 3. purchase 6. huge
2. down to 5. over
3. into 4 1. paid me a visit, glamorous, over the top
2. cut back on, an advert, expenses
4 1. quarrel 4. graduate
2. massive 5. disease 5 1. decrease 4. keep track of
3. doubtful 6. fascinating 2. eye-catching 5. major
3. income 6. owe
5 1. countless 4. blame
2. fluent 5. mysterious Grammar
3. get the message 6. truthful
across 7. worthwhile 1 1. would return 4. hadn’t been working
2. the train was going 5. having
Grammar 3. not to 6. wanted
1 1. a 3. a 5. b 7. a 9. a 2 1. she had never visited France

2. b 4. b 6. a 8. a 10. b 2. where I would look for work
2 1. will have finished 5. had graduated 3. we (should) study that chapter again
2. Had … had 6. will have lost 4. to take the rubbish out
3. won’t have read 5. the baby hadn’t slept well
4. hasn’t called 6. if I/he/she was going to the beach / if we/they
were going to the beach
3 1. have been waiting
2. Has the alarm been making 3 1. promised to take us to the shops
3. had been looking 2. warned me not to eat the cake
4. has been keeping 3. admitted that they had robbed the bank /
5. had been raining admitted (to) robbing the bank
6. had been travelling 4. complained that his new computer always
broke down
4 1. have dreamed 5. had passed 5. wondered why the guests were leaving early
2. have done 6. have been applying
3. have learned 7. will have moved 4 1. had been 8. did
4. have been studying 2. had been living 9. liked
3. was planning 10. played
5 1. have … travelled 4. to call 11. show
2. had been barking 5. staying 12. would do
3. had drunk 6. didn’t have 13. gave
4. had got 7. would open
5. hasn’t felt / hasn’t been feeling
6. had ordered 5 1. Max wondered how I / he / she / we / they got
such good marks.
2. The children suggested ordering pizza. / The
children suggested that we (should) order pizza.
3. The teacher shouted that the race was
beginning.
4. I asked John if he had remembered to call Brad.
11. works
More Practice 3 12. dreams
Vocabulary 13. are (being) watched
1 1. encouraged 5. be around 14. is promised
2. an award 6. boo
3. front row seats 7. show off
More Practice 4
4. outrageous Vocabulary
1 1. e 3. b 5. a 7. f
2 1. a 2. b 3. b 4. b 5. a 2. c 4. d 6. g
3 1. call off 4. weird 2 1. threatened 4. underpaid
2. rehearse 5. packed 2. overcrowded 5. disapprove
3. enthusiastic 6. venue 3. wildlife
4 1. appeal to 5. took off 3 1. finish 4. distract

2. book a ticket 6. broke up 2. tree 5. speeding
3. came down on 7. went wild 3. fat 6. river
4. will make it
4 1. shocked 4. impolite
5 1. f 3. b 5. d 2. damaged 5. treasures
2. c 4. a 6. e 3. dishonest 6. litter
Grammar
5 1. activists 5. replaced
1 1. must be paid 2. solar power 6. water shortage
2. wasn’t prepared / hadn’t been prepared 3. waste 7. avoid
3. was … answered / has … been answered 4. reuse 8. guilty
4. had been set
5. have been invited 6 1. dump 5. international
6. were chosen 2. misunderstood 6. face
3. fuel 7. trial
2 1. was being destroyed 4. source
2. gave
3. should be blamed / should have been blamed Grammar
4. is … using
5. Will … be repaired 1 1. offer 4. wouldn’t bother
6. isn’t broken 2. would have gone 5. pay
7. Is … being examined 3. tell 6. would you do
8. can download
2 1. b 3. d 5. c 7. f
3 1. His latest bestseller has just been written. 2. e 4. a 6. g
2. A seat belt must be worn / used when you drive. 3 1. b 2. a 3. a 4. b
3. The car hadn’t been repaired, so they came by 4 1. They would have seen their friends if they had
bus. visited London.
4. Why are the neighbours bothered by rock 2. Luke will lend you some money if you ask.
music? 3. If I were you, I would never believe her stories.
4. Father will drive the children to school before
4 1. am having / getting … done he goes to work.
2. had / got … walked
3. have / get … delivered 5 1. would stay
4. must have / get … repaired 2. wouldn’t have turned
5. had / got … translated 3. don’t remove
5 1. needs 4. Will … be
2. goes / go 5. hadn’t barked
3. were bought 6. hadn’t cancelled
4. are being / are going to be picked up 7. won’t allow
5. must be chosen 8. would participate
6. can be packed
7. has (got) 6 1. works 5. could do
8. has added / has been adding 2. will save 6. were
9. was written 3. doesn’t continue 7. would take
10. asks 4. will miss
More Practice 5 5 Accept all logical and grammatically correct answers.
Vocabulary More Practice 6
1 1. just mornings 4. late Vocabulary
2. an assistant 5. stole
3. disappointed 6. don’t have to 1 1. a 3. b 5. b 7. a
2. a 4. b 6. a
2 1. a 3. b 5. a 2 1. b 2. b 3. a 4. b 5. a
2. b 4. a 6. b
3 1. zebra crossing 5. jaywalk
3 1. b 3. a 5. c 7. f 2. boot 6. campaign
2. g 4. d 6. e 3. stuck 7. fatal
4 1. paid peanuts 5. resigned 4. head-on collision
2. presume 6. in charge of
3. show me the ropes 7. propose 4 1. distracted 4. resist the urge
4. ran away 2. prove 5. overtake
3. unaware
5 1. calls the shots 5. shifts
2. full-time job 6. hold down a job 5 1. rush hour 4. one-way
3. hard-working 7. see the point 2. motorists 5. mature
4. makes a living 8. knowledge 3. junction 6. inexperienced
Grammar
Grammar
1 1. where, b 4. whose, e 1 1. mustn’t 4. must
2. that / which, d 5. when, a 2. Can 5. couldn’t
3. who / that, c 6. which / that, f 3. may 6. shouldn’t
2 1. Many teenagers look for jobs in hotels where they 2 1. must have left
can work during the summer. 2. needn’t have made
2. Bus number 27, which travels all over the city, is 3. should have got
always crowded. / Bus number 27, which is always 4. could have asked
crowded, travels all over the city.
3. This film is about a doctor who saves many 3 1. a 2. a 3. b 4. b 5. b
children’s lives in India. 4 1. My cousin might visit me next Sunday.
4. The high-tech company is looking for engineers 2. You mustn’t walk on the grass.
whose references are good. 3. John could have been an excellent football player,
5. The best-selling author, who is very well known, is but he doesn’t like the game.
signing books at the shop today. / 4. You ought to have called me on my birthday.
The best-selling author, who is signing books 5. The president should have arrived on time, but he
at the shop today, is very well known. was late.
6. She tries to forget the day when she was fired. 6. Claire needn’t return the car today.
3 1. that / which 5. which / that 7. Holly can’t drive.
2. whose 6. who / that
3. where 7. whose 5 1. must have been
4. which / that 8. that / which 2. can … make
3. may be
4 1. I got a letter about the position for which 4. have to deal
I applied. 5. should have built
2. The old man to whom she is talking is 6. hasn’t been able to keep up
a millionaire. 7. might have stayed
3. The Internet company from which they ordered the 8. could have been
computer went out of business.
4. The speaker to whom we are now listening knows
how to interest an audience.
LENGUA NOMBRE:______________ CALIFICACIÓN:
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
INGLÉS CURSO:_____________
LENGUA E l
OPTION A
CHINESE WRITER TO HAVE A SHAKESPEARE'S FACE
1 A well-known Chinese writer is planning to go under the knife to become a

William Shakespeare look-alike. The Shanghai Daily newspaper reports that best-
selling author Zhang Yiyi will undergo ten operations in the next ten months. After the
surgeries, he will be the spitting image of Britain’s most famous writer. Mr Zhang said
5 he wants to “let the people across the world mourn” one of the world's greatest ever
playwrights and literary figures.
The cost of the plastic surgery will be around $150,000 – the same as the royalties
he earned for his last book. Zhang justified the surgery and cost, saying: "Life is a
process of striving to become a better person. I think the surgeries are worth the
10 money."
Zhang Yiyi’s upcoming surgeries have become a talking point in China. He is
already a controversial figure after he compared himself to China’s great philosopher
Confucius. Many Chinese believe he is simply an attention seeker while others believe
he has the right to spend his money the way he wants.
15 He is set to become the most famous cosmetic surgery patient since Michael
Jackson. Zheng Churong, the head of the team of surgeons who will perform the
operations, told reporters that the surgeries would not be so difficult. He said Zhang’s
face is the right shape, with a “sharp nose” and “deep eyes”. The big question on
everyone’s lips is whether Zhang’s new look will prompt him to write as well as
20 Shakespeare.
QUESTIONS
[1] FOLLOWING THE INSTRUCTIONS, ANSWER THE QUESTIONS A, B,

C,D (6 POINTS AS A WHOLE).
A. Answer the following question using your own words (10 to 20 words)
(2 points).
What is an attention seeker? (line13)
B. Are the following statements true or false? Indicate the line(s) in the text
supporting your choice. (1.5 points as a whole: 0.5 points each).
B1. Zhang Yivi's intention is to let people see Shakespeare alive so that they can
express their sadness for his death.
B2. It is not the first time that Zhang has stirred up public opinion.
B3. Zhang can't afford the plastic surgery he is going to undergo.
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
C. Choose a, b or c in the question below. Only one choice is correct (0.5 points).
According to the text, Zhang Yivi's surgery...
a) will enable him to have Shakespeare's writing skills.
b) isn't likely to be tough since he is suitable for the procedure.
c) will be harder than Michael Jackson's surgery as he does not meet the minimum
requirements to undergo this kind of operations.
D. VOCABULARY (2 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0,4 EACH).

-Find one word in the text for each of the following meanings:
a) A person who leads a team or group of people.
b) A person who resembles another person.
-Find synonyms in the text for each of the words below:
a) famous
b) provoke
c) imminent
[2] COMPLETE THE TASKS a, b ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS

GIVEN (1 POINT AS A WHOLE: 0,5 EACH).
A) Rewrite into the passive voice:
Zheng Churong will perform the operations that will turn Zhang into a William
Shakespeare look-alike.
B) Transform into reported speech:
"Life is a process of striving to become a better person and my surgeries are worth
the money." Zhang said.
[3] WRITE ABOUT THE FOLLOWING TOPIC USING BETWEEN 100-120

WORDS (3 POINTS)
What are the advantages and disadvantages of undergoing plastic surgery?
LENGUA EXTRANJERA. EJERCICIO
INGLÉS Nº páginas: 2
OPTION B
ICELAND LEADER QUITS OVER PANAMA PAPERS
1 The prime minister of Iceland quit on Tuesday because of a new global financial
scandal. Sigmundur Gunnlaugsson resigned because his name was in secret documents
leaked from a Panama law firm. Journalists reported on the 11.5 million leaked e-mails
and letters over the weekend. They contain information about how the world's richest
5 and most famous people avoid paying tax. Thousands of the world's most powerful
people appear in the documents.
Iceland's leader is the first to resign because of the scandal. The Panama Papers
name over 215,000 companies and 14,153 clients of the Panamanian law firm Mossack
Fonseca, including many current and former world leaders.
10 Many governments and celebrities around the world are now trying to keep the
scandal from hitting them. British prime minister David Cameron could be embarrassed
because his father was one of the law firm's clients. Sports figures identified in the leaks
include Lionel Messi and the new FIFA president Gianni Infantino. He is shocked that
people are questioning his honesty.
15 Mossack Fonseca could also be in trouble. Journalists say it worked with 33 people
or companies that were part of international sanctions, including a cousin of the Syrian
president Bashar al-Assad, and companies in North Korea. A British tax expert said
there is up to $32 trillion in untaxed financial wealth around the world.
QUESTIONS
[1] FOLLOWING THE INSTRUCTIONS, ANSWER THE QUESTIONS A, B,

C,D (6 POINTS AS A WHOLE).
(2 points).
Why has the prime minister of Iceland resigned?
B1. The British prime minister's father was also involved in the scandal.
B2. The Panama Papers show the names of ordinary people who committed tax
fraud
B3. Lionel Messi is upset since the new FIFA president has questioned his
honour.
According to the text, the Panama Papers....
a) contain public information that has been stolen from a law firm.
b) contain classified information that belonged to a law firm.
c) contain the names of foreign leaders that have avoided paying tax.

a) public disgrace
b) releases of secret information
a) ashamed
b) penalties
c) specialist

a) Write a question for which the underlined words are the answer:
They contain information about how the world's richest and most famous people
avoid paying tax.
b) Complete: If the Panama Papers hadn't been leaked

WORDS (3 POINTS)
Should rich people pay more taxes? Explain your opinion about this.
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION A
SPAIN MARKS DEATH OF INTRIGUING ‘QUIXOTE’ AUTHOR CERVANTES
1 Spain marks the fourth centenary of the death of its most famous author Miguel de
Cervantes this week with hundreds of events ranging from cultural to quirky... and a bit
of controversy.
The author of the world-famous novel "Don Quixote" died on April 22, 1616 in
5 Madrid but the event has always been commemorated on the 23rd -- the day when he was
buried -- coinciding with the passing of British literary co-star Shakespeare.
A colourful figure who survived a sea battle, capture by pirates, five years of
captivity in Algiers and stints in prison, Cervantes is known as the father of the modern
novel and his "Don Quixote" has become one of the world's most translated works.
10 On Saturday, the royals and acting Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy will travel to
Alcala de Henares to attend a special prize-giving ceremony for the annual Miguel de
Cervantes award, which honours the lifetime achievement of a writer.
In a statement, King Felipe VI said the commemorations would "help highlight what
unites us," at a time when Spain is mired in political uncertainty as parties fail to agree on
15 a coalition government after inconclusive December elections. But several academics and
artists have expressed dismay at the lack of central leadership over the commemorations -
- particularly compared with Britain's parallel celebrations marking Shakespeare's death.
QUESTIONS
[1] FOLLOWING THE INSTRUCTIONS, ANSWER THE QUESTIONS A, B, C

(6 POINTS AS A WHOLE).
(2 points).
Why has Cervantes always been commemorated on April 23rd?
B1. Every year, there is an event in which prizes named after Cervantes are given to
writers in Spain.
B2. Taking advantage of the commemorations, the King of Spain reminded the
audience of the current political situation that the country is undergoing.
B3. All the events celebrated around the world-famous writer are within the
academic sphere.
According to the text, some academics and artists...
a) complained that there hadn't been an agreement to lead over the
commemorations.
b) collapsed during the celebrations because of the lack of organisation showed by

political leaders.
c) explained that Spanish commemorations are far better than Britain's parallel
Shakespeare celebrations.

a) disputation concerning a matter of opinion.
b) Odd, peculiar or strange.
a) periods of time
b) death
c) stress
[2] COMPLETE THE TASKS a, b ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN (1

POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0,5 EACH).
a) Complete: If Cervantes had been buried in May, .........
b) Rewrite into the passive voice:
Several academics and artists have expressed dismay at the lack of central
leadership over the commemorations.
[3] WRITE ABOUT THE FOLLOWING TOPIC USING BETWEEN 100-120 WORDS (3
POINTS)
How would you like to commemorate the fourth centenary of the death of Cervantes and
Shakespeare at your school?
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION B
A YEAR WITH THE APPLE WATCH: WHAT WORKS, WHAT DOESN’T, AND
WHAT LIES AHEAD?
1 About a year ago, Apple announced and released its first Apple Watch. The long-
rumored product was Apple’s first all-new product category since the iPad and its first
under CEO Tim Cook. To say that expectations were high would be an understatement.
To date, we don’t really know much about how the Apple Watch has sold—Apple
5 folds it into the “Other products” category along with the iPod, the Apple TV, Beats
headphones, Airport routers, iPhone and iPad cases and covers, and whatever other little
odds and ends the company sells.
While revenue for that category has increased year-over-year by a significant margin
since the watch was introduced, the only thing we can really infer from that fact is
10 “someone somewhere must be buying Apple Watches.”
However well it's selling, Apple's strategy with new products is to release them and
then continuously manufacture it, working until all of the biggest complaints about the
first-generation model have been addressed (or until people have forgotten about them or
moved on to something else).
15 After a full year of wearing the Apple Watch every single day, it's time to revisit the
hardware, software, and some things I looked at in our original review to see where the
platform is and where I think it ought to go in the next year or two.
QUESTIONS
[1] FOLLOWING THE INSTRUCTIONS, ANSWER THE QUESTIONS A, B, C

(3 POINTS AS A WHOLE).
(1 point).
What does Apple do once a new product is released?
B1. The revenue of Apple smartwatches has increased since the new device was
released.
B2. The Apple Watch is the first of a new category released under the company's
new Chief Executive Officer.
B3. The writer has actually worn the Apple Watch for a year.
According to the text, Apple....
a) is hiding the information about Apple Watch sales so nobody knows this
information.
b) is providing the information about Apple Watch sales along with the sales of
other products so the actual figure of Apple Watch sales cannot be inferred.
c) is providing the information about Apple Watch sales and so far, its sales have
increased significantly.

a) euphemism
b) anticipated ideas
a) critique
b) deduce
c) integrates
[2] COMPLETE THE TASKS a, b ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN (1

POINT AS A WHOLE: 0,5 EACH).
a) Transform into reported speech:
" The only thing that can be really inferred from this fact is that someone
somewhere must be buying Apple Watches." A marketing research expert explained.
b) Combine into one sentence containing a relative clause:
About a year ago, the first Apple Watch was announced and released. It was
Apple’s first all-new product category since the iPad.
[3] WRITE ABOUT THE FOLLOWING TOPIC USING BETWEEN 100-120 WORDS (3
POINTS) Would you wear a smartwatch? Explain your reasons.
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION A
MCDONALD'S RESTAURANT TO OFFER ALL-YOU-CAN-EAT FRIES

1 A new McDonald's restaurant that will soon open in the USA will offer all-
you-can-eat French fries (the American equivalent of chips). The new store in
St. Joseph, Missouri, is set to open in July. The company has called it the
restaurant "of the future" because of the many features it will have. In addition
5 to bottomless fries, the new location will have couches, armchairs and a large
space for children to play in. Customers will also be able to sit at their table and
order food from the waiting staff. There will also be a self-service kiosk where
customers can personalise their orders by selecting the toppings or fillings they
want. The restaurant owner said: "There really are hundreds of different choices
10 to build the burger of your dreams."
The addition of all-you-can-eat fries to the menu is just one of many recent
changes at McDonald's. New CEO Steve Easterbrook took over as boss last year
and has been trying many new things since then. His job is to get the company
to make more profit. Some of the changes include an all-day breakfast menu,
touch-screen ordering and taking certain items off the menu.
16 People have mixed views about McDonald's offering all-you-can-eat fries.
Health campaigners say it will lead to a further rise in the levels of obesity. They
say McDonald's should be offering healthier food. Many of the restaurant's
20 customers say endless fries are a great idea. One said she couldn't wait and will
be going to McDonald's more often.
[1] ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTION USING YOUR OWN

WORDS (10 TO 20 WORDS)(2 POINTS).
What changes will this new McDonald's restaurant offer to customers?
[2] ARE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE?

INDICATE THE LINE(S) IN THE TEXT SUPPORTING YOUR
CHOICE. (1.5 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0.5 POINTS EACH).
2.1. The new McDonald's restaurant is called the restaurant "of the future"
because it will open soon.
2.2. The new deal offered by McDonalds is being controversial.
2.3. Steve Easterbrook has made many changes since he became the new CEO.
[3] CHOOSE A, B OR C IN THE QUESTION BELOW. ONLY ONE

CHOICE IS CORRECT (0.5 POINTS).
According to the text, health campaigners think
a) that all-you -can-eat meal deals are a good idea.
b) this new offer will result in higher levels of overweight people.
c) endless fries will attract more customers.
[4] VOCABULARY (2 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0,4 EACH).
a) Group of people who work together.
b) A person who has got something.
a) choosing
b) manager
c) increase
[5] COMPLETE THE TASKS ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS
5.1. Rewrite into the passive voice:
A new McDonald's restaurant in the USA will offer all-you-can-eat French
fries.
5.2. Write a question for which the underlined words are the answer:
Customers can personalise their orders by selecting the toppings or fillings
they want on a self-service kiosk.
[6] WRITE ABOUT THE FOLLOWING TOPIC USING BETWEEN 100-

120 WORDS (3 POINTS)
What are the advantages and disadvantages of all-you -can-eat meal deals?
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION B
WHAT LIFE WILL BE LIKE IN 2116

1 A new report shows what life might be like in 100 years from now. It
describes skyscrapers that are much taller than today's buildings, underwater
'bubble' cities, and holidays in space. The report is from Samsung's
SmartThings. It asked experts on space, architecture, and city planners to give
5 their ideas on life in 2116. They said the way we live, work and play will be
totally different to how we do these things today.
The experts said that 25 years ago, people could not imagine how the
Internet and smartphones would change our lives. The Internet has
revolutionised the way we communicate, learn and do daily things. The experts
10 said the changes in the next century would be even more unbelievable.
Researchers questioned 2,000 adults about the predictions they thought were
most likely to happen in the future. They predicted that in the future, few people
will go to an office but will work from home and have virtual work meetings.
People will have advanced 3D printers that will let you download a design for
15 furniture or a food recipe and then 'print' the sofa, table or pizza at home.
There will also be less need for visits to the doctor. We will all have a home
health capsule that will tell us what the problem is and give us treatment. We
will also be going into space for holidays and to get resources that we have used
up on Earth. A prediction that was missing was whether people would still need
20 to study English.

Why will people be interested in going into space in 100 years from now?

2.1. Thanks to a new piece of hardware, we will be able to print meals as well as
furniture along with their designs.
2.2. Some people will work in offices in 2116 whereas the majority will be able
to work from home.
2.3. People from 25 years ago did not expect the changes that new technology
would entail.

According to the text, appointments with the doctor....
a) will be replaced by an appliance.
b) will be made online through a website or a smartphone application.
c) will increase according to people's needs.
[4] VOCABULARY (2 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0,4 EACH
a) extremely tall buildings
b) figure out
a) how
b) routines
c) foresaw
[5] COMPLETE THE TASKS ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS
a) Write a question for which the underlined words are the answer:
Researchers questioned 2,000 adults about the predictions they thought were
most likely to happen in the future.
b) Transform into the passive:
It asked experts on space, architecture, and city planners to give their ideas
on life in 2116.
[6] WRITE ABOUT THE FOLLOWING TOPIC USING BETWEEN 100-
120 WORDS (3 POINTS)
Life in 2116 will be much better than now. Do you agree? Explain your
opinion.
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION A
SIX FIRMS THAT ARE TESTING DRIVERLESS CARS
1 Driverless vehicles, otherwise known as autonomous, automated or

self-driving cars, are no longer science fiction. The technology is here, and
several companies are already testing them on the roads.
Not all of these vehicles are fully autonomous today. Many are
5 considered "partially" or "highly" automated and still require some driver
intervention. Predictions vary on when fully autonomous vehicles will be
available for purchase.
But John O'Dell, senior editor at Edmunds.com, says it could happen by
2025. Even then, "humans still will be required to remain in the driver seat,
10 ready to take control at a moment's notice when the car's technology stops
working its magic." It could be decades before cars come standard without
a steering wheel or pedals, O'Dell says.
Undeniably, there will be a lot of things to figure out -- government
regulations, liability insurance rules and the development of infrastructure
15 needed to support driverless vehicles, to name a few.
"Still, though, the benefits of a self-driving car -- like the projected drop
in accidents, increased fuel economy and, at some time in the future, the
joy of being able to enjoy your paper and coffee on your way to work --
may give even the most tentative adopter cause to consider purchasing,"
20 O'Dell says.
QUESTIONS

WORDS (10 TO 20 WORDS) (2 POINTS).
Will driverless cars mean the end of drivers?

2.1. Cars won't have steering wheels or pedals soon.
2.2. Everything is ready to have autonomous vehicles circulating.
2.3. You can buy a fully autonomous vehicle today.

According to the text, one of the advantages of self-driving cars is...
a) the lack of pedals and steering wheel.
b) that you save fuel consumption.
c) that they are equipped with a coffee machine.
a) various
b) unmanned
a) action
b) trying
c) sale
[5] COMPLETE THE TASKS ACCORDING TO THE
INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN (1 POINT AS A WHOLE: 0,5 EACH).
5.1. Join these sentences using a relative pronoun:
Driverless cars are no longer science fiction. Several companies are
already testing them on the roads.
5.2. Transform into reported speech:
"humans still will be required to remain in the driver seat, ready to take
control at a moment's notice when the car's technology stops working its
magic." John O'Dell explained.
[6] WRITE ABOUT THE FOLLOWING TOPIC USING BETWEEN

100-120 WORDS (4 POINTS)
What are the advantages and disadvantages of driverless cars?
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION B
EUROPE'S FIRST REPORT ON ISLAMOPHOBIA SHOWS THE

DANGEROUS CLIMATE MUSLIMS LIVE IN
1 Throwing a pork head, or sometimes even a grenade, on a mosque.

Assaulting a Muslim woman who wears a head scarf. Incidents like these
are happening on a daily basis in 21st century Europe.
On May 3rd the very first European Islamophobia Report (EIR)
5 was presented at the European Union parliament in Brussels. The aim of its
authors, leading experts in the field from all over Europe, is to "analyze
trends in the spread of Islamophobia in various European states."
The report makes clear that many non-Muslim citizens of
Europe believe that Islam and its worshippers do not fit in their society.
10 The authors conclude that the so-called "refugee crisis" has fueled
resentment towards Muslims. Islamophobia has become a
successful political tool to mobilize the masses. For that reason, many
people tend to believe that Muslims in general are criminal and violent,
although the crime statistics prove the opposite.
15 In this context, it is noteworthy that many people in Europe still
exclude their fellow Muslim citizens from society. For them, it seems that
being Muslim and being European at the same time is impossible.
Frighteningly, Muslims have not just become "the other" these days—they
are also considered a threat.
QUESTIONS

Why are many people in Europe discriminating Muslims nowadays?

2.1. Police reports have confirmed that the crime rates among the
Muslim community are high.
2.2. The EIR studies to what extent people in Europe are discriminating
Muslims.
2.3. Vandalism against Muslims has been reported in Europe recently.

According to the text, the EIR shows that Muslims
a) are currently considered dangerous in Europe.
b) are being attacked by non- Muslim citizens of Europe.
c) are responsible for the "refugee crisis".
a) taking place
b) Muslim temple
a) purpose
b) followers
c) regularly
[5] COMPLETE THE TASKS ACCORDING TO THE
5.1. Write a question for which the underlined words are the answer:
On May 3rd the very first European Islamophobia Report (EIR)
was presented at the European Union parliament in Brussels.
5.2.Complete: I wouldn't like to be excluded from society if......

In your opinion, how could European discrimination against Muslims be
stopped/prevented?
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION A
LAPTOP BAN
1 A number of airports in the Middle East have started implementing the ban on taking
laptop computers into the airplane cabin on flights to the USA and the UK. A new
directive from the USA and UK now requires electronic devices larger than a
smartphone to be checked in to be stored in the hold of the aircraft. So far, the US ban
5 applies to six countries. Officials said the reason for the ban was that larger digital
devices could contain explosives. They did not give any indication as to how long the
a ban would be in place. However, the Dubai-based Emirates airlines said it had received
f instructions to enforce it until at least October 14.
f
10e There has been mixed reaction to the ban. Airlines were unhappy about being given
c just 96 hours to comply with it or risk losing their license to fly into the USA. Some
t called it an operational nightmare. They are unsure whether or not to pass the financial
e burden of the additional layer of security checks onto passengers. Some of the affected
d countries are questioning why the ban affects only Muslim-majority countries.
15 Passengers, meanwhile, seem resigned to it. Rakan Mohammed from Qatar said: "It's a
a rule. I follow the rules. The bigger problem for my family is the no smoking." Maryam
i Hassad from Dubai was more concerned about how to keep her children occupied on a
r long flight without their laptops.
l
i QUESTIONS
n
e
s
f WORDS (10 TO 20 WORDS)(2 POINTS).
r
o What kind of reaction has there been to the ban?
m
e
i
g [2]. ARE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE?
h INDICATE THE LINE(S) IN THE TEXT SUPPORTING YOUR
t CHOICE (1.5 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0.5 EACH)
M
i 2.1. Airports in the Middle and Far East have implemented a laptop ban.
d
d 2.2. Some airlines said their staff and passengers had nightmares.
l 2.3. One passenger was more concerned about not being allowed to smoke.
e
E
a
s
t
e
r
n
[3]. CHOOSE a, b OR c. ONLY ONE CHOICE IS CORRECT
ACCORDING TO THE TEXT (0.5 POINTS).
According to the text, affected airlines…
a) will make their clients pay for the new security procedures very soon.
b) may impose an additional tariff only for some passengers.
c) haven’t decided who is to pay for the costs of the new measure yet.
[4]. VOCABULARY (2 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0.4 EACH)

- Find one word or expression in the text for each of the following meanings:
a) to make people obey a rule or law.
b) official document allowing somebody to do something.
- Find synonyms in the text for each of the words below:

c) busy
d) sign
e) carrying out

a) Join these two sentences using a relative pronoun. Add commas if
necessary.
The new ban was implemented yesterday morning. The ban was called an
operational nightmare by airlines.
b) Complete the following sentence:

If all mobile phones were also banned from flights…

What are the advantages and disadvantages of having less strict controls
before boarding a plane?
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION B
SOCIAL MEDIA SITES FACE HEAVY HATE SPEECH FINES
1 Social media websites in Germany could be in for fines of up to 50 million euros ($54
million) for removing illegal content too slowly. The German government has decided
to crack down on the darker side of online content, including hate speech, slander, fake
news and other illegal material. Under the proposed new law, the likes of Facebook and
5 Twitter would be given seven days to delete content flagged as illegal, or incur a heavy
financial penalty. Any content deemed to be "clearly criminal" would have to be
removed within 24 hours. Germany's justice minister Heiko Maas quoted research
which suggested Twitter deletes only one per cent of the hate speech it is told about by
users, and Facebook, 39 per cent.
10 Mr Maas said the new fines and regulations were necessary due to heightening concern
over the influence social media is having in shaping public opinion. He said: "The
biggest problem is that the social networks do not take the complaints of their own users
seriously enough." He added that voluntary efforts to tackle the problem were not
working, saying: "Too few comments are deleted, and they're not being deleted quickly
15 enough." Mr Maas said all social media companies would be required to set up a
5 complaints team that must be operational 24/7. A digital trade organization feared that
removing content within 24 hours from sites that handle more than one billion posts per
day was "utterly impossible".
QUESTIONS
[1] ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTION USING YOUR OWN WORDS (10
TO 20 WORDS) (2 POINTS).
What did Mr Maas say social networks do not take seriously?
[2]. ARE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? INDICATE

THE LINE(S) IN THE TEXT SUPPORTING YOUR CHOICE (1.5 POINTS AS A
WHOLE: 0.5 EACH)
2.1. An organization said sites could easily monitor one billion posts a day.
2.2. Sites will have a week to delete material flagged as hate speech.
2.3. The minister said voluntary efforts to tackle the problem worked well.
[3]. CHOOSE a, b OR c. ONLY ONE CHOICE IS CORRECT ACCORDING TO
THE TEXT (0.5 POINTS).
According to the text, hate speech, slander, fake news and other illegal material...
a) have a dark side which the German government has overlooked.
b) are being legislated against by regional governments in Germany.
c) are expected to be removed by social networking sites.

- Find one word in the text for each of the following meanings:
a) A feeling of worry.
b) To make an effort to deal with a problem.
c) rules
d) considered
e) deleting

a) Rewrite into the passive. Write the agent ONLY if necessary:
They have closed down a number of illegal sites in the last few days.
b) Complete the following sentence:

If the illegal content hadn’t been detected…

WORDS (3 POINTS)
Should governments be allowed to ban any content on the Internet? Write your
opinion about this issue.
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION A
CATS AS JUST AS CLEVER AS DOGS, SAYS STUDY

1 People usually think dogs are more intelligent than cats. This notion has
been questioned by scientists in Japan. They said that cats are as smart as
dogs at certain memory tests. Cat lovers have always known this.
Researchers at Kyoto University conducted tests on how well 49 felines
5 could recall or relate to a past event. This is called episodic memory. The
team got the cats to eat from one of two bowls. Fifteen minutes later, the
cats were tested on their memory of which bowl they had eaten from. The
team found the cats could recall what they ate and where.
The scientists said that cats were as good as dogs on different mental
10 tests, including responding to the gestures and facial expressions of
humans. A researcher speculated that cats think about past events similar to
the way humans do. She said: "They may enjoy actively recalling
memories of their experience, like humans." She added that: "Episodic
memory is viewed as being related to an introspective function of the mind.
15 Our study may imply a type of consciousness in cats….Understanding cats
more deeply helps to establish better cat-human relationships."
QUESTIONS
[1] FOLLOWING THE INSTRUCTIONS, ANSWER THE

QUESTIONS A, B, C, D (6 POINTS AS A WHOLE).
A. Answer the following question using your own words (10 to 20

words)(2 points).
How did researchers in Japan find out about cats' intelligence?
B. Are the following statements true or false? Indicate the line(s) in the
text supporting your choice. (1.5 points as a whole: 0.5 points each).
B1. Scientists said cats could not respond to facial gestures.

B2. Experiments on both dogs and cats were carried in Japan.
B3. Episodic memory consists in having memories of the past.
C. Choose a, b or c in the question below. Only one choice is correct

(0.5 points).
According to the text, a researcher
a) stated that cats, like humans, can actually think about the past.
b) compared humans to cats in terms of their relationships.
c) theorized that felines might like having memories.
D. VOCABULARY (2 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0.4 EACH).
a) remember
b) belief
c) thoroughly
d) specific
e) cats
[2] COMPLETE THE TASKS a, b ACCORDING TO THE

INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN (1 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0,5 EACH).
a) Turn into the passive. Omit the agent if possible.
Researchers at Kyoto University conducted tests on how well 49 felines
could recall or relate to a past event.
b) Join these two sentences using a relative pronoun. Add commas if
necessary.
People prefer dogs. They usually think dogs are more intelligent than cats.
Are cats as intelligent as dogs? Explain your opinion.
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION B
CITY PLANS TO PLANT 3 MILLION TREES
1 Manchester in England has an ambitious plan to plant three million

trees. The project is called the "City of Trees". The director said it has three
aims: "One is to plant three million trees - a tree for every man, woman and
child - over the next 25 years. Next, we are…bringing existing woodland
5 into management because there is no point in planting new woodland if you
can't manage what you've got already. Finally, we want to engage people a
lot more in their natural environment - in planting trees [and] understanding
more about the benefits that trees and woodlands bring to our society."
The director explained more about the environmental project. He said:
10
10 "Manchester wants to be a world-class city region. We have a lot of
fantastic development…but the natural environment needs to keep up with
that." He said it will reconnect people with trees and the natural world,
provide health benefits and reduce stress. He said trees would reduce air
and noise pollution.
15 He also said: "They can also help cities and towns become more
resilient to climate change both in terms of things like reducing the urban
heat island effect and also reducing… flooding."
QUESTIONS
[1] FOLLOWING THE INSTRUCTIONS, ANSWER THE

QUESTIONS A, B, C, D (6 POINTS AS A WHOLE).
A. Answer the following question using your own words (10 to 20

words)(2 points).
How will this project affect humans according to its director?
B. Are the following statements true or false? Indicate the line(s) in the
text supporting your choice. (1.5 points as a whole: 0.5 points each).
B1. The director said the natural environment must keep up with
development.
B2. The director hopes many couples will get engaged in new
woodland.
B3. One of Manchester's aims is to become an outstanding city.
C. Choose a, b, or c in the question below. Only one choice is correct

(0.5 points).
What do trees screen for?
a ) the natural environment
b) noise pollution
c ) existing woodland
D. VOCABULARY (2 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0.4 EACH).

a) contamination
b) goals
c) cut down on
d) marvellous
e) advantages

INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN (1 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0,5 EACH).
a) Form the causative of the underlined words.
The director said it has three aims: "One is to plant three million trees"
b) Join these sentences using a relative pronoun. Use the formal
structure.
We wanted to create a plan. People would get involved in it.

Do you think the "City of Trees" project will be successful? Explain.
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION A
MAN DRAGGED OFF PLANE WILL SUE UNITED AIRLINES

1 An American airline is in trouble for the way it treated one of its
passengers. A passenger on a United Airlines flight was dragged out of his
seat and pulled out of the aircraft along the floor of the airplane. The
passenger, David Dao, was a 69-year-old doctor. Dr Dao became
5 unconscious after security guards pulled him out of his seat. His face was
covered in blood. He lost two front teeth and the security guards also broke
his nose. The doctor paid for his seat but United Airlines ordered him to get
off the plane because they wanted his seat for a flight attendant to sit down.
The doctor explained he had to work the next day because he had many
10 patients to see at his hospital. United staff didn't listen to him.
Dr Dao is going to sue United Airlines for damages. Dao was born in
Vietnam and escaped from the Vietnam War in 1975. His lawyer said being
dragged off the United Airlines flight was a "more horrifying" experience
than living through that war. Dr Dao's daughter said: "What happened to
15 my dad should have never happened to any human being….We were
horrified and shocked and sickened to…see what happened to him." A
video of Dr Dao being dragged off the flight went viral on social media.
Over 150,000 people have signed an online petition asking the United
Airlines CEO Oscar Munoz to resign. He said he would not resign. He also
20 initially did not apologize and said Dr Dao was at fault for his injuries.
QUESTIONS

Why did Dr. Dao refuse to leave the aircraft?
[2]. ARE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE?

CHOICE (1.5 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0.5 EACH)
2.1. An American airline gave a treat to one of its passengers.
2.2. The passenger said the Vietnam War was worse than the United flight.
2.3. The doctor's seat was going to be given to a stewardess.

According to the text, the CEO of United Airlines
a) refused to quit his job despite being requested to do so by thousands
of internet users.
b) had no intention to resign or to apologize to Dr. Dao for what had
happened.
c) never apologized and blamed Dao for what had happened despite
what his daughter had said.
- Find one word or expression in the text for each of the following
meanings:
a) take someone to court
b) spread quickly
c) leave
d) wounds
e) passed out
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION B
DUTCH TOWNS TELL TOURISTS HOW TO BEHAVE
1 Being a tourist and wandering around the sites of old villages is great,
but is it such a thrill for the locals? Villagers living in the area of 'Old
Holland' near Amsterdam have had enough of visitors and tour guides with
megaphones disturbing their peace. They have teamed up with tour
5 companies to create rules of conduct for tourists. These include not
photographing residents without asking, not going into their gardens and
not dropping litter. The rules are an attempt to deal with the growing
popularity of the area. Tourism is booming and will rise by 50 per cent in
the next decade.
10 Old Holland is idyllic and matches our image of Holland from a past
age. There are many windmills and locals live in traditional wooden
houses. A local resident told Holland's Het Parool newspaper that the
village of Zaanse Schans is like an open-air museum. He said: "One
resident…opened his curtains in the morning and looked into the camera
15 lenses of nine amateur photographers." He added: "The visitors seem happy
to knock on the wooden houses to see if it is real wood. If you are the
resident of that house, that is not pleasant. Tour buses were the biggest
nuisance."

What do locals in the area of 'Old Holland' complain about?
[2]. ARE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE?

2.1. A resident said busloads of tourists were the most annoying thing.
2.2. 'Old Holland' does not fit people's idea of life in Holland in the past.
2.3. The article said receiving tourists is a thrill for local people.

According to the text, the rules of conduct for tourists are meant to
a) manage the issue of the impact of the increase of tourism in the area
of 'Old Holland'.
b) prevent visitors from taking photos of local people and knocking on
their wooden houses.
c) ban certain behaviours that are disturbing for people in Amsterdam.
- Find one word in the text for each of the following meanings:
a) machines that use air to produce energy
b) a sudden wave of strong emotion
c) annoyance
d) picturesque
e) behaviour
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION A
ANIMAL COULD BE A SOLUTION TO WORLD’S WASTE

1 A natural solution to the growing crisis of plastic waste in the
environment may be at hand. Researchers have discovered that a tiny
caterpillar, commonly known as a waxworm, has a taste for plastic.
Researchers from Cambridge University in the UK say that the waxworm
5 devours plastic at "uniquely high speeds". They say that it is possible to
utilize this environmentally-friendly solution to global waste on an
industrial scale. Millions of waxworms could be bred to spend their days
breaking down and consuming plastic bags, bottles, household items and
other discarded waste. Around a trillion plastic bags end up in landfills
10 around the world each year. They take centuries to biodegrade.
00
Researcher Dr Paolo Bombelli said: "It's extremely, extremely exciting
because breaking down plastic has proved so challenging." He said the
waxworm can break down a notoriously tough plastic like polyethylene
more than 1,400 times faster than other organisms. The waxworm uses
15 substances in its saliva to break the plastic's chemical bonds. It might be
possible one day to replicate these substances and spray them on waste to
make it decompose. Another researcher said: "We are planning to
implement this finding in a viable way to get rid of plastic waste, working
towards a solution to save our oceans, rivers, and all the environment from
20 the unavoidable consequences of plastic accumulation."
QUESTIONS

In what way are researchers planning to implement this finding?

2.1. Around a billion plastic bags are buried in the ground each year.
2.2. A researcher wants a viable way to save the worms from plastic waste.
2.3. The worm can eat plastic over 1,400 times faster than other animals
can.
[3] CHOOSE a, b OR c. ONLY ONE CHOICE IS CORRECT

The tiny caterpillar, commonly known as a waxworm...
a) didn’t like the taste of plastic too much.
b) loved how plastic tastes.
c) ate a lot of plastic and animal residues.
[4] VOCABULARY (2 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0.4 EACH)

meanings:
a) very small.
b) eats hungrily or greedily
c) finish
d) rubbish
e) stimulating

5.1. Join these two sentences using a relative pronoun. Add commas if
necessary.
Researchers have discovered a fascinating type of animal. This animal has
a taste for plastic.
5.2. Transform into reported speech:
"Breaking down plastic has proved challenging for all of us", the
researcher declared to the press.

Should we stop making plastic products? Explain your arguments
EXTRANJERA. _______________________
LENGUA E l
OPTION B
EXERCISE IS CONTAGIOUS BECAUSE OF SOCIAL MEDIA
1 A new study has shown that physical activity and exercise are
'contagious' because of social media. Researchers at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology (MIT) discovered that people who post details of
their exercise patterns and achievements on social media sites motivate and
5 encourage other people to be more active. Researchers tracked the exercise
routines of 1.1 million runners over a period of five years. They looked at
the geographic location of the runners, their social network use, distance,
time, pace and the calories they burned. The researchers concluded that
sharing personal exercise data via social media can inspire others to
10 exercise more, exercise harder and do so more competitively.
The journal 'Nature Communications' has published the research. The study
includes detailed accounts of how inspiring it can be to read about a friend's
physical activity. Researchers said: "On average, an additional kilometre
run by friends can inspire someone to run an additional three-tenths of a
15 kilometre, and an additional ten minutes run by friends can inspire
someone to run three minutes longer." The study said social media
improved the performance of runners who had been a little slower or less in
shape, and of those who were showing signs of overtaking a friend's
performance. Researcher Sinan Aral said: "In general, if you run more, it is
20 likely that you can cause your friends to run more."
QUESTIONS

What was the conclusion that researchers reached after studying the
exercise routines of 1.1 million runners?

2.1. An extra kilometre you run can inspire a friend to run an extra 300m.
2.2. The study says if you run more, you will post more on social media.
2.3. A new study says posting on social media is a good form of exercise.
[3] CHOOSE a, b OR c. ONLY ONE CHOICE IS CORRECT

The study said social media improved the performance of:
a) people who had been less fast and fit.
b) people who overtook their friends in a race.
c) people who shared their exercise data online.
[4] VOCABULARY (2 POINTS AS A WHOLE: 0.4 EACH)

meanings:
a) things successfully accomplished or performed
b) means of communication
c) followed
d) motivating
e) found out

5.1. Rephrase this sentence using the word in brackets and keeping its
original meaning. Make any necessary changes.
If you run more, it is likely that you can cause your friends to run more.
(may)
5.2. Ask a question for the underlined answer
They looked at the geographic location of the runners, their social network
use, distance, time, pace and the calories they burned.

The advantages and disadvantages of social networks as a means of
influencing others.

Trabajo de Verano Curso: 2º Bachillerato: Asignatura: INGLÉS Profesor: Alberto Barrigón Pastor y Ruth Sánchez Roldán

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Trabajo de verano

PAU resueltos: http://redaccioneseningles-pau-castilla-leon.blogspot.com.es/

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages you find in homeworking

Un saludo a todos. Buen verano.

CONTENIDO Y REGISTRO (0,05 x 10 = 0,5 puntos)

1. Responde a lo que se le pregunta (no se va del tema).

COHESIÓN INTERNA (0,1 x 5 = 0,5 puntos)

GRAMÁTICA Y ORTOGRAFÍA (0,2 x 10 =2 puntos)

Intensifiers (Los intensificadores)

1. Los intensificadores añaden fuerza al sentido de un adjetivo.

very (muy), really (verdaderamente), extremely (extremadamente), amazingly (sorprendentemente), exceptionally

Kate is really beautiful. (Kate es verdaderamente guapa.)

Sharks are extremely dangerous. (Los tiburones son extremadamente peligrosos.)

Their house is absolutely enormous. (Su casa es absolutamente enorme.)

Her son is exceptionally brilliant. (Su hijo es excepcionalmente brillante.)

Nota: Algunos intensificadores sólo se pueden usar con adjetivos particulares.

dangerously ill (peligrosamente enfermo) seriously damaged (seriamente dañado)

dangerously fast (peligrosamente rápido) highly successful (altamente exitosa)

seriously injured (seriamente herido) highly intelligent (altamente inteligente)

3. Con adjetivos comparativos se usan palabras o frases particulares como intensificadores.

4. Con adjetivos superlativos usamos lo siguiente:

easily (fácilmente), by far (sin duda)

5. Podemos usar so (tan) y such (tan) de la siguiente manera.

so + quantifier + noun (tan + cuantificador + sustantivo)

Teresa has so many talents! (¡Teresa tiene tantos talentos!)

I have so few memories of my childhood. (Tengo tan pocos recuerdos de mi infancia.)

so + that (tan + que)

such + adjective + noun (tan + adjetivo + sustantivo)

It is such a beautiful day (¡Que día tan bonito!)

such + that (tan + que)

such + judgmental noun (tan + sustantivo critico)

Con sustantivos críticos, el uso de “such” da énfasis.

such + noun (tan + sustantivo)

MITIGATORS (Los mitigadores)

fairly (bastante), rather (bastante), quite (bastante), pretty (bastante)…

It’s a pretty nice day. (Es un día bastante bonito.)

Nota: “Pretty” se usa en un inglés más informal.

IMPROVING ITEM 7 – ADJECTIVES

Los adjetivos se colocan antes de los sustantivos y nunca llevan plural.

Interesting books – nunca interesting

Cuando aparece más de uno seguido, el orden que siguen es el siguiente:

Pueden intensifcarse o mitigarse como hemos visto en el punto anterior:

A Really interesting / a bit interesting / quite interesting short German film.

IMPROVING ITEM 8. IDIOMS AND PHRASAL VERBS

IMPROVING ITEM 13. CONNECTORS

Recuerda las equivalencias:

because= since= as = due to the fact that

although = even though = in spite of the fact that

IMPROVING ITEM 14. REFERENCING

Technology has advanced a lot recently. It makes our lives easier.

IMPROVING ITEM 15. RELATIVE CLAUSES

I always do what (lo que) I want.

The reason why I have chosen this book is because…..

Vinieron mis primos- My cousins came.

Sonó el teléfono- the phone rang.

IMPROVING ITEMS 17,18 & 19

IMPROVING ITEM 21- THE ORDER OF ELEMENTS WITHIN A SENTENCE

Como hemos visto antes:

1º sujeto 2º verbo y después van los complementos en este orden: