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    Phytochemicals - Final PDF

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    S.K. Akhtarzai
    Phytochemicals are plant chemicals found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and other plant foods. Thousands of phytochemicals have been identified, including carotenoids, flavonoids, indoles, and polyphenols. Eating a diet rich in phytochemicals may help prevent cancer and diseases like heart disease by stimulating the immune system, reducing inflammation and oxidation, blocking carcinogens, and slowing the growth of cancer cells. Different phytochemicals are found in variously colored plant foods like red berries, orange carrots, green broccoli, and purple grapes.

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    Phytochemicals - Final PDF

    Uploaded by

    S.K. Akhtarzai
    155 views2 pages
    Phytochemicals are plant chemicals found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and other plant foods. Thousands of phytochemicals have been identified, including carotenoids, flavonoids, indoles, and polyphenols. Eating a diet rich in phytochemicals may help prevent cancer and diseases like heart disease by stimulating the immune system, reducing inflammation and oxidation, blocking carcinogens, and slowing the growth of cancer cells. Different phytochemicals are found in variously colored plant foods like red berries, orange carrots, green broccoli, and purple grapes.

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    Phytochemicals are plant chemicals found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and other plant foods. Thousands of phytochemicals have been identified, including carotenoids, flavonoids, indoles, and polyphenols. Eating a diet rich in phytochemicals may help prevent cancer and diseases like heart disease by stimulating the immune system, reducing inflammation and oxidation, blocking carcinogens, and slowing the growth of cancer cells. Different phytochemicals are found in variously colored plant foods like red berries, orange carrots, green broccoli, and purple grapes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    155 views2 pages

    Phytochemicals - Final PDF

    Uploaded by

    S.K. Akhtarzai
    Phytochemicals are plant chemicals found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and other plant foods. Thousands of phytochemicals have been identified, including carotenoids, flavonoids, indoles, and polyphenols. Eating a diet rich in phytochemicals may help prevent cancer and diseases like heart disease by stimulating the immune system, reducing inflammation and oxidation, blocking carcinogens, and slowing the growth of cancer cells. Different phytochemicals are found in variously colored plant foods like red berries, orange carrots, green broccoli, and purple grapes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

     

     
    Phytochemicals 
    Phytochemicals literally mean “plant chemicals.”  Scientists have identified thousands of different 
    phytochemicals, found in vegetables, fruits, beans, whole grains, nuts and seeds.  Eating lots of plant 
    foods rich in phytochemicals may help to prevent at least one in every five cases of cancer, as well as 
    other serious ailments such as heart disease. 

    How Do Phytochemicals Help Prevent Diseases? 

    • Stimulate the immune system, the body’s  • Slow the growth rate of cancer cells 
    defense against viruses, bacteria and other  • Reduce inflammation that provides a  
    disease‐causing agents  setting favorable for cancer growth 
    • Block the potential for carcinogens (cancer‐ • Trigger death (a process known as  
    causing substances) to be formed in the  apoptosis) of damaged cells that  may be 
    body from substances we eat, drink and  precursors to cancer 
    absorb from the environment  • Prevent DNA damage and help with DNA 
    • Reduce oxidation, the damage to cells that  repair mechanisms 
    occurs with aging and exposure to  • Help to regulate hormones, such as  
    pollution.  Oxidation, caused by molecules  estrogen and insulin.  Excess levels of these 
    called “free radicals,” can cause  hormones are linked with increased risk for 
    abnormalities in cells that may eventually  breast and colon cancer
    lead to cancer 

            Red         White              Blue/Purple                     Green             Yellow/Orange

              
           
    Carotenoids  Flavonoids  Flavonoids  Carotenoids  Carotenoids 
    Flavonoids  Inositol  Polyphenols  Flavonoids  Flavonoids 
    Polyphenols  Isoflavones     Indoles   Polyphenols 
    Terpenes       Glucosinolates  Terpenes
           Isothiocyanates 
     

    Office of Health Promotion 
    Health Services Building, 1st floor  
    610.519.7407   
    www.villanova.edu/healthpromotion 
     
     
     
     
    Types of Phytochemicals 

    Phytochemical(s)  Plant Source Possible Benefits 

    Carotenoids  Red, orange and green fruits and  May inhibit cancer cell growth, work as 


    vegetables including broccoli, carrots,   antioxidants and improve immune response 
    (beta‐carotene, lycopene, lutein,  cooked tomatoes, leafy greens, sweet 
    zeaxanthin)  potatoes, winter squash, apricots, 
    cantaloupe, oranges and watermelon. 

    Flavonoids  Apples, citrus fruits, onions, soybeans and  May inhibit inflammation and tumor growth; 


    soy products (tofu, soy milk, edamame,  may aid immunity and boost production of 
    (anthocyanins, quercetin)  etc.), coffee and tea  detoxifying enzymes in the body 

    Indoles and Glucosinolates  Cruciferous vegetables (broccoli,  May induce detoxification of carcinogens, limit 


    cabbage, collard greens, kale, cauliflower  production of cancer‐related hormones, block 
    (sulforaphane)  and Brussels sprouts)  carcinogens and prevent tumor growth 

    Inositol  Bran from corn, oats, rice rye and wheat,  May retard cell growth and work as antioxidant


    nuts, soybeans and soy products (tofu, 
    (phytic acid)  soy milk, edamame, etc.) 

    Isoflavones  Soybeans and soy products (tofu, soy  May inhibit tumor growth, limit production of 


    milk, edamame, etc.)  cancer‐related hormones and generally work as 
    (daidzein, genistein)  antioxidant 

    Isothiocyanates  Cruciferous vegetables (broccoli,  May induce detoxification of 


    cabbage, collard greens, kale, cauliflower  carcinogens, block tumor growth and work as 
    and Brussels sprouts)  antioxidants 

    Polyphenols  Green tea, grapes, wine, berries, citrus  May prevent cancer formation, prevent 


    fruits, apples, whole grains and peanuts  inflammation and work as antioxidants 
    (ellagic acid, resveratrol) 

    Terpenes  Cherries, citrus fruit peel, rosemary May protect cells from becoming cancerous, 


    slow cancer cell growth, strengthen immune 
    (perillyl alcohol, limonene, carnosol)  function, limit production of cancer‐related 
    hormones, fight viruses, work as antioxidant 

    Office of Health Promotion 
    Health Services Building, 1st floor  
    610.519.7407   
    www.villanova.edu/healthpromotion 
     
     

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