eee from the flexed position to the ‘upright
an gore the head fromthe upright poston back
eaten tes pare laterally to the right and left
Rotation. Turn the face as far as possible to the right and left
(Figure 42-4 mh.
‘Shoulder—Ball-and-Socket Joint
Flexion. Raise each atm from a position bythe side forward and
‘upward to a position beside the head (Figure 42-5
Extension. Move each arm from a vertical position beside the
hhead forward and down to @ resting position atthe side of the
body (Figure 42-5).
Hyperextension. Move each arm from a resting side postion to
‘behind the body (Figure 42-5).
‘Abduction. Move each arm laterally from 2 resting position atthe
| sides toa side position above the head, palm of the hand away
‘om the head (Figure 42-6
‘Adduction (anterior). Move each arm from a position atthe sides
‘across the front ofthe body as faras possible (Figure 42-6).The
‘elbow may be straight or bent.
sider
‘With each arm held out to the side at shou!
bent toa right angle, fingers pointing down,
‘so that the fingers point up (Figure 42-8
[aan
45° from midline
45° from midline
45° from midline
40° from midline
70° from midline
180" from the side
180° from vertical
position beside the head
50° from side position
180"
50"
360°
(ee
Figure 42-5
|
Figure 42-6
Figure 42-7.--<~
ow
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continued on page 1062EZ
ete SO
TABLE 42-2 Selected Joint Movements (continued)
[mene
Cinna ees
Elbow—Hinge Joint |
Flexion. Bring each lower arm forward and upward sothat the | 150"
hand is atthe shoulder (Figure 42-9 m,
Extension. Bring each lower atm forward and downward, 150°
straightening the arm (Figure 42-9)
Rotation for supination. Turn each hand and forearm so that the | 70°t0.90°
palm is facing upward (Figure 42-10
Rotation for pronation. Turn each hand and forearm sothatthe | 70°t0.90*
palm is facing downward (Figure 42-10),
|
| Wrist—condyloid Joint
Flexion. Bring the fingers ofeach hand toward the inner aspect of | 80°t0 90"
the forearm (Figure 42-11 M,
Extehsion. Straighten each hand to the same plane asthearm | 80°to 90°
Figure 42-11
Hyperextension. Send the fingers ofeach hand backasfaras | 70*to90°
possible (Figure 42-12, ‘
Radial flexion (abduction). Bend each wrist laterally toward the | 0*to 20"
‘thumb side with hand supinated (Figure 42-13 Wi
Uinar flexion (adduction). Bend each wrist laterally toward the | 30°to 50°
fifth finger withthe hand supinated (Figure 42-13)
Hand and Fingers: Metacarpophalangeal Joints—Condyloid;
Interphalangeal Joints—Hinge
Flexion. Make a fist wth each hand (Figure 42-14 M) 90"
Extension. Straighten the fingers of each hand (Figure 42-14). | 99°
Hyperextension. Bend the fingers of each hand backasfaras | 30°
possible (Figure 42-14),
‘Abduction. Spread the fingers of each hand apart (Figure 42-15 m). | 20°
‘Adduction. Bring the fingers of each hand together (Figure 42-15).| 20"
Thumb—Saddle Joint
Flexion. Move each thumb across the palmar surface of the hand. | 90°
toward the fifth finger (Figure 42-16 M.
Extension. Move each thumb away from the hand (Figure 42-16). | gor
‘Abduction. Extend each thumb laterally (Figure 42-17 m, 30°
‘Adduction, Move each thumb back othe hand (Figure 42-17), | 39°
(mee
Figure 42-9
Figure 42-10
Figure 42-15 y—.
Figure 42-16
1062Pecan
‘Opposition. Touch each thumb
to the top of each finger of the
‘same hand.The thumb joint movements involved
rotation and exion (Figure 42-18 cate ira
Hip—Ball-and-Socket Joint
Flexion. Move each leg forward and upward. The knee may be
‘extended or flexed (Figure 42-19 m), e
Extension. Move each leg back beside the other (Figure 42-20
Hyperextension. Move each leg back behind the body
(Figure 42-20)
‘Abduction, Move each leg out to the side (Figure 42-21 m
Moye each leg back to the other leg and beyond in
front of it (Figure 42-21).
‘Circumduction. Move each leg backward, up,to the side, and
‘down in acircle (Figure 42-22
atthe toes
rotation. Turn each foot and leg inward so that
fat as possible toward the other leg (Figure 42-23 Wh.
rotation. Tum each foot and leg outward so thatthe toes
2s far as possible away from the other leg (Figure 42-23).
| astoso"
| 20-1030" beyond ther
| ea
Knee extended, 90';knee
flexed, 120°
90°10 120"
30°10 50”
continued on page 1064