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    Switch and Types of Switch: What Is A Switch?

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    Swagat Pradhan
    A switch is a component that controls the flow of electricity in a circuit by opening or closing the circuit. There are different types of switches that vary based on characteristics like the number of circuits controlled and the motion used to operate the switch. Common switch types include single-pole single-throw (SPST), single-pole double-throw (SPDT), and double-pole double-throw (DPDT) switches. Miniature circuit breakers (MCBs) and residual current circuit breakers (RCCBs) are also types of switches that provide overload and ground fault protection, respectively.

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    Switch and Types of Switch: What Is A Switch?

    Uploaded by

    Swagat Pradhan
    113 views5 pages
    A switch is a component that controls the flow of electricity in a circuit by opening or closing the circuit. There are different types of switches that vary based on characteristics like the number of circuits controlled and the motion used to operate the switch. Common switch types include single-pole single-throw (SPST), single-pole double-throw (SPDT), and double-pole double-throw (DPDT) switches. Miniature circuit breakers (MCBs) and residual current circuit breakers (RCCBs) are also types of switches that provide overload and ground fault protection, respectively.

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    Types of switch

    Original Title

    Switches Material

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    A switch is a component that controls the flow of electricity in a circuit by opening or closing the circuit. There are different types of switches that vary based on characteristics like the number of circuits controlled and the motion used to operate the switch. Common switch types include single-pole single-throw (SPST), single-pole double-throw (SPDT), and double-pole double-throw (DPDT) switches. Miniature circuit breakers (MCBs) and residual current circuit breakers (RCCBs) are also types of switches that provide overload and ground fault protection, respectively.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    113 views5 pages

    Switch and Types of Switch: What Is A Switch?

    Uploaded by

    Swagat Pradhan
    A switch is a component that controls the flow of electricity in a circuit by opening or closing the circuit. There are different types of switches that vary based on characteristics like the number of circuits controlled and the motion used to operate the switch. Common switch types include single-pole single-throw (SPST), single-pole double-throw (SPDT), and double-pole double-throw (DPDT) switches. Miniature circuit breakers (MCBs) and residual current circuit breakers (RCCBs) are also types of switches that provide overload and ground fault protection, respectively.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    Switch and Types of Switch

    What is a Switch?
    A switch is a component which controls the open-ness or closed-ness of an electric circuit. They
    allow control over current flow in a circuit (without having to actually get in there and manually
    cut or splice the wires). Switches are critical components in any circuit which requires user
    interaction or control.
    A switch can only exist in one of two states: open or closed. In the off state, a switch looks like an
    open gap in the circuit. This, in effect, looks like an open circuit, preventing current from flowing.
    In the on state, a switch acts just like a piece of perfectly-conducting wire. A short. This closes the
    circuit, turning the system "on" and allowing current to flow unimpeded through the rest of the
    system.

    A circuit diagram with an LED, resistor, and a switch. When the switch is closed, current flows and the LED can
    illuminate. Otherwise no current flows, and the LED receives no power.

    There are tons and tons of switches out there: toggle, rotary, DIP, push-button, rocker, membrane,
    ... the list just goes on and on. Each of those switch types has a set of unique characteristics to
    differentiate it from others. Characteristics like what action flips the switch, or how many circuits
    the switch can control.

    Poles and Throws, Open and Closed


    A switch must have at least two terminals, one for the current to (potentially) go in, another to
    (potentially) come out. That only describes the simplest version of a switch though. More often
    than not, a switch has more than two pins. So how do all of those terminals line up with the internal
    workings of the switch? This is where knowing how many poles and throws a switch has is
    essential.
    The number of poles* on a switch defines how many separate circuits the switch can control. So a
    switch with one pole, can only influence one single circuit. A four-pole switch can separately
    control four different circuits.

    Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use


    A switch’s throw-count defines how many positions each of the switch’s poles can be connected
    to. For example, if a switch has two throws, each circuit (pole) in the switch can be connected to
    one of two terminals.
    Knowing how many poles and throws a switch has, it can be more specifically classified.
    Commonly you’ll see switches defined as “single-pole, single-throw”, “single-pole, double-
    throw”, “double-pole, double-throw”, which are more often abbreviated down to SPST, SPDT,
    and DPDT, respectively.

    SPST
    A single-pole, single-throw (SPST) switch is as simple as it gets. It's got one output and one input.
    The switch will either be closed or completely disconnected. SPSTs are perfect for on-off
    switching. They’re also a very common form of momentary switches. SPST switches should only
    require two terminals.

    The circuit symbol for an SPST switch in the off position and a through-hole, right-angle, maintained, SPST, rocker
    switch.

    SPDT
    Another common switch-type is the SPDT. SPDTs have three terminals: one common pin and two
    pins which vie for connection to the common. SPDTs are great for selecting between two power
    sources, swapping inputs, or whatever it is you do with two circuits trying to go one place. Most
    simple slide switches are of the SPDT variety. SPDT switches should usually have three terminals.
    (Sidenote: in a pinch an SPDT can actually be made into an SPST by just leaving one of the switch
    throws unconnected).

    An SPDT switch circuit symbol, and an SPDT slide switch.

    Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use


    DPDT
    Adding another pole to the SPDT creates a double-pole, double-throw (DPDT) switch. Basically
    two SPDT switches, which can control two separate circuits, but are always switched together by
    a single actuator. DPDTs should have six terminals.

    A DPDT circuit symbol, and a 6-terminal DPDT rocker switch.

    MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker)


    MCB is an electromechanical device which guards an electrical circuit from an over current, that may effect
    from short circuit, overload or imperfect design. This is a better option to a Fuse since it doesn’t require
    alternate once an overload is identified. An MCB can be simply rearranged and thus gives a better
    operational protection and greater handiness without incurring huge operating cost. The operating principle
    of MCB is simple.
    An MCB function by interrupting the stability of electrical flow through the circuit once an error is detected.
    In simple conditions this circuit breaker is a switch which routinely turns off when the current flows through
    it and passes the maximum acceptable limit. Generally, these are designed to guard against over current
    and overheating.
    MCB is substituting the rewirable switch-fuse units for low power domestic and industrial applications in
    a very quick manner. In wiring system, the MCB is a blend of all three functions such as protection of short
    circuit, overload and switching. Protection of overload by using a bimetallic strip & short circuit protection
    by used solenoid.
    These are obtainable in different pole versions like single, double, triple pole & four poles with neutral
    poles if necessary. The normal current rating is ranges from 0.5-63 A with a symmetrical short circuit
    breaking capacity of 3-10 KA, at a voltage level of 230 or 440V.

    Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use


    Characteristics
    1) Rates current, not more than 100 Amp.
    2) Trip characteristics are normally not adjustable.
    3) Thermal or thermal-magnetic operation

    RCCB (Residual Current Circuit Breaker)


    RCCB (Residual current circuit breaker) or RCD (Residual-current device) are aimed to protect
    people from the risk of electrocution and fire that are generally caused due to the faulty wiring. An
    RCCB is also very useful when a sudden earth fault occurs in the circuit.
    RCCB is basically an electric wiring that trips or disconnects when imbalance or mismatch in
    electric current is detected. The best part about RCCB is that it does not take much time to take
    the control over the imbalanced electric current; RCCB takes only about 20 milliseconds to trip.
    RCCB is essentially a current sensing equipment that is used to control the low voltage circuit
    from the fault. It comprises a switch device which is used to turn off the circuit when there is a
    fault.

    Characteristics of RCCB
    The characteristics of an RCCB mainly include the following
     Both wires phase and neutral are connected through RCCB
     Whenever there is any ground fault occurs, then it trips the circuit
     The amount of current supplies through the line should go back through neutral
     These are a very effective type of shock protection

    Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use


    Why is it necessary?
    There are two types of electrical faults which are very dangerous. One is when there is a high
    current fault due to some short circuit current, which can be protected by an MCB. Second is when
    earth leakage arises due to wet hands touched by someone. And an MCB cannot detect this fault,
    whereas it can be detected by the RCCB. The main principle behind the function of the RCCB is
    when current is flowing through the appliances it may return in full. There is the difference of
    milliampere and it may detect and trip the power supply in the circuit. When the current flows out
    from the appliances, then it is known as residual current. The RCCB is designed in such a way so
    that the difference can be compared between residual current values between the live and the
    neutral wires. If there is a small change between the current value of an account, it will trigger the
    RCCB to trip the circuit. Now it can be said that RCCBs sense the difference between the current
    value in phase and neutral and can break the circuit.
    In the RCCB circuit breaker, the ON and OFF buttons are clearly visible with the help of a window
    provided at the top of the housing. With the use of advanced technology, some of the manufacturers
    have come out with the entire protection for the short circuit as well as for the earth fault, this
    device is also known as the RCBO. In such a situation, the MCB is not required.

    Sensitivity: LNT Construction Internal Use

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