See below if this confuses you!

Square
Squares have 4 equal sides and 4 right angles.

They have 4 lines of symmetry.

All squares belong to the rectangle family.

All squares belong to the rhombus family.

All squares are also parallelograms.

Rectangle
Rectangles have 4 sides and 4 right angles.

They all have 2 lines of symmetry (4 lines if they are also a

square!)

All rectangles belong to the parallelogram family.

Rhombus Rhombuses (rhombii) have 4 equal sides.

Both pairs of opposite sides are parallel.

They all have 2 lines of symmetry (4 lines if they are a

square!)

All rhombuses belong to the parallelogram family.

Parallelogram

Parallelograms have 2 pairs of parallel sides.

Some parallelograms have lines of symmetry (depending on

whether they are also squares, rectangles or rhombuses),
but most do not.

Trapezoids US (Trapeziums UK) have one pair of parallel

sides.
Trapezoid US
Some trapezoids have a line of symmetry.
(Trapezium UK)
Please note the differences between the definitions for US
and UK.
Kite

Kites have 2 pairs of equal sides which are adjacent to each

other.

Trapezium US
(Trapezoid UK)

Trapeziums US (Trapezoids UK) are quadrilaterals with no

parallel sides.

Please note the differences between the definitions for US

and UK.

Regular and Irregular Polygons

Equilateral Triangle Irregular Triangle

Angle: 60°

Interior angles add up to 180°

Square Irregular Quadrilateral

Angle: 90°

Interior angles add up to 360°

Pentagon Irregular Pentagon

Angle: 108°

Interior angles add up to 540°

Hexagon Irregular Hexagon

Angle: 120°

Interior angles add up to 720°

Heptagon Irregular Heptagon

Angle: 128.6°

Interior angles add up to 900°

Octagon Irregular Octagon

Angle: 135°

Interior angles add up to 1080°

Nonagon Irregular Nonagon

Angle: 140°

Interior angles add up to 1260°

Decagon
 Angle: 144°

Interior angles add up to 1440°

Circle
Circles have a point in the centre from which
each point on the diameter is equidistant.

They have infinite lines of symmetry.

How many sides does a circle have?

This is an interesting question - the answer could

be 0 (no straight sides), 1 curved side, or an
infinite number of sides are all possibleanswers.

Ellipse Ellipses are like circles which have been squashed

or stretched.

They have 2 lines of symmetry.

They are also a special type of oval.

The longest and shortest diameters of the ellipse

are called the major and minor axes.

These axes are also the lines of symmetry.

Crescent Crescent shapes are made when two circles

overlap, or when one circle is removed from
another circle .

The perimeter of crescents are made from two

circular arcs.

They have 1 line of symmetry.

Our moon forms crescent shapes during its

phases.

Some countries such as Turkey or Algeria have

crescent shapes on their flags.

List of Geometrics Shapes - 3D Shapes

Here are some common 3D shapes that you should know.

Along with a picture of each shape, the number of faces, edges and vertices are also given.

Common properties of the 3D shapes are also given.

Please note that there is some disagreement over the definitions and properties of 3d shapes.

Some mathematicians allow a face to be curved and some do not.

Some mathematicians allow an edge to be curved and some do not.

Cube
Cubes have 6 faces, 12 edges and 8 vertices.

All sides on a cube are equal length.

All faces are square in shape.

A cube is a type of cuboid.

Cuboid

Cuboids have 6 faces, 12 edges and 8 vertices.

All the faces on a cuboid are rectangular.

Sphere

Spheres have either 0 or 1 faces, 0 edges and 0 vertices.

Cylinder

Cylinders have either 2 or 3 faces, 0 or 2 edges, and 0

vertices.
Cone

Cones have either 1 or 2 faces, 0 or 1 edges, and 1 apex

(which is described by some mathematicians as a vertex).

Triangular Prism
Triangular Prisms have 5 faces, 9 edges, and 6 vertices.

The two faces at either end are triangles, and the rest of the
faces are rectangular.

Hexagonal Prism

Hexagonal Prisms have 8 faces, 18 edges, and 12 vertices.

The two faces at either end are hexagons, and the rest of
the faces are rectangular.

Triangular-based Pyramid

Triangular-based pyramids have 4 faces, 6 edges and 4

vertices.

The base is a triangle. All of the faces are triangular.

If the triangular faces making up the prism are all

equilateral, then the shape is also called a Tetrahedron.

Square-based Pyramid Square based pyramids have 5 faces, 8 edges and 5 vertices

The base is a square. All the other faces are triangular.

Hexagonal Pyramid

Hexagonal pyramids have 7 faces, 12 edges, and 7 vertices.

The base is a hexagon. All of the other faces are triangular.

The 5 Platonic Solids

The platonic solids form a set of 5 polyhedra with the following special properties:

 the faces of the platonic solids have to be regular and congruent.

 the same number of faces meet at each vertex.

They are named after the Greek philosopher Plato who wrote about them in his philosophical
discussions.

There are only 5 platonic solids:

 Regular tetrahedron

 Cube or regular hexahedron

 Regular octahedron

 Regular dodecahedron

 Regular icosahedron

Tetrahedron A Tetrahedrons is the same as a triangular pyramid.

They have 4 triangular faces, 6 edges and 4 vertices.

A regular tetrahedron has equilateral triangles for its faces,

 and is one of the 5 platonic solids.

Cube (regular hexahedron) Cubes have 6 faces, 12 edges and 8 vertices.

All sides on a cube are equal length.

All faces are square in shape.

A cube is a type of cuboid and is one of the 5 platonic

solids.

Octahedron

Octahedrons are a shape with 8 faces, 12 edges and 6

vertices.

A regular octahedron has equilateral triangles for its faces,

and is one of the 5 platonic solids.

Dodecahedron

Dodecahedrons are a shape with 12 faces, 30 edges and 20

vertices.

A regular dodecahedron has regular pentagons for its faces,

and is one of the 5 platonic solids.

Icosahedron Icosahedron are a shape with 20 faces, 30 edges and 12

vertices.

All the faces are triangles.

A regular icosahedron is one of the 5 platonic solids with all

faces being equilateral triangles.