Line Conventions and Lettering: ASME Y14.2-2008
Line Conventions and Lettering: ASME Y14.2-2008
Line Conventions and Lettering: ASME Y14.2-2008
Line Conventions
and Lettering
Engineering Drawing and Related
Documentation Practices
A N A M E R I C A N N AT I O N A L STA N DA R D
ADOPTION NOTICE
ASME Y14.2, Line Conventions and Lettering, was adopted on 30 September, 2008 for use by the Department of
Defense (DoD). Proposed changes by DoD activities must be submitted to the DoD Adopting Activity: Commander,
U.S. Army Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC), ATTN: AMSRD-AAR-QES-E, Picatinny
Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000. Copies of this document may be purchased from The American Society of Mechanical
Engineers (ASME), Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990. http://www.asme.org
Review Activities:
Army — CR, IE, MI, PT, TM2
Navy — AS, CG, CH, EC, MC, NP, TD
Air Force — 13, 99
DLA — DH
OSD — SE
NSA — NS
Other — CM, MP, DC2
NOTE: The activities listed above were interested in this document as of the date of this document. Since organizations and responsibili-
ties can change, you should verify the currency of the information above using the ASSIST Online database at http://assist.daps.dla.mil.
Line Conventions
and Lettering
Engineering Drawing and Related
Documentation Practices
A N A M E R I C A N N AT I O N A L S TA N D A R D
This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There will
be no addenda or written interpretations of the requirements of this Standard issued to this edition.
Periodically certain actions of the ASME Y14 Committee may be published as Cases. Cases are
published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at http://cstools.asme.org as they are
issued.
This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National
Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from
competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made
available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,
regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any
items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for
infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly
advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is
entirely their own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as
government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.
ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established
ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.
Copyright © 2008 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All rights reserved
Printed in U.S.A.
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Committee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Correspondence With the Y14 Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Line Conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3 Arrowheads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4 Lettering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Figures
1 Width and Types of Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2 Applications of Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3 Hidden Line Techniques and Symmetry Line Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4 Section Lining of Adjacent Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5 Direction of Section Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6 Full Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
7 Outline Section Lining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
8 Arrowhead Placement on Dimension Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
9 Special Applications of Extension Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
10 Termination of Leaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
11 Phantom Line Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
12 Arrowhead Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
13 Inclined Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
14 Vertical Letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Table
1 Minimum Letter Heights (Millimeter) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Mandatory Appendix
I Minimum Letter Heights (Inch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
iii
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FOREWORD
This revision was prepared by Subcommittee 2 of the ASME Y14 Committee, Engineering
Drawing and Related Documentation Practices. The successful completion of this revision is
attributed to the Subcommittee members, the support of their respective companies/organiza-
tions, and the U. S. Department of Defense departments and agencies that participated in the
review process.
It consists primarily of minor changes to the text to enhance readability. The more substantial
changes are as follows:
(a) A "no terminator" option for datum targets was added to the terminator options.
(b) The rules for crossing leader lines were rewritten for consistency.
(c) Due to changes in drawing preparation since the last revision, the lettering type section
has been greatly simplified.
(d) All the figures have been redrawn.
Suggestions for improvement of this Standard are welcome. They should be sent to The
American Society of Mechanical Engineers; Attn: Secretary, Y14 Standards Committee; Three
Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.
This revision was approved as an American National Standard on September 19, 2008.
iv
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ASME Y14 COMMITTEE
Engineering Drawing and Related Documentation Practices
(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)
v
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CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE Y14 COMMITTEE
General. ASME Standards are developed and maintained with the intent to represent the
consensus of concerned interests. As such, users of this Standard may interact with the Committee
by proposing revisions and attending Committee meetings. Correspondence should be
addressed to:
Secretary, Y14 Standards Committee
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Three Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016-5990
Proposing Revisions. Revisions are made periodically to the Standard to incorporate changes
that appear necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from the application
of the Standard. Approved revisions will be published periodically.
The Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this Standard. Such proposals should be
as specific as possible, citing the paragraph number(s), the proposed wording, and a detailed
description of the reasons for the proposal, including any pertinent documentation.
Proposing a Case. Cases may be issued for the purpose of providing alternative rules when
justified, to permit early implementation of an approved revision when the need is urgent, or to
provide rules not covered by existing provisions. Cases are effective immediately upon ASME
approval and shall be posted on the ASME Committee Web page.
Requests for Cases shall provide a Statement of Need and Background Information. The request
should identify the standard, the paragraph, figure or table number(s), and be written as a
Question and Reply in the same format as existing Cases. Requests for Cases should also indicate
the applicable edition(s) of the standard to which the proposed Case applies.
Attending Committee Meetings. The Y14 Standards Committee regularly holds meetings or
telephone conferences, which are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting or
telephone conference should contact the Secretary of the Y14 Standards Committee or check the
ASME Web site at http://cstools.asme.org.
vi
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ASME Y14.2-2008
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ASME Y14.2-2008
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ASME Y14.2-2008
several adjacent parts are shown in a section view, the 2.7 Center Lines
parts may be sectioned as shown in Fig. 4. For section Center lines are used to represent axis, center points,
views of thin materials, see ASME Y14.3M. or center planes of symmetrical parts and features, bolt
2.6.2 Direction and Spacing. Section lines should circles, and paths of motion (see Figs. 2 and 3).
be drawn at a 45 deg angle within the view [see Fig. 4, Center lines shall start and end with long lines and
item (a)]. On adjacent parts, the section lines should be shall intersect by crossing the long lines or short dashes
drawn in the opposite direction [see Fig. 4, item (b)]. (see Fig. 1). The long line portion of the center line may
For additional adjacent parts, any suitable angle may vary in length depending on the scale of the view. Center
be used to make each part stand out separately and lines shall extend uniformly and distinctly a short dis-
clearly [see Fig. 4, item (c)]. A suitable angle should be tance beyond the object or feature. The center line may be
chosen to avoid section lines that are parallel or perpen- extended for dimensioning or for some other purpose.
dicular to visible lines (see Fig. 5). Section lines shall Center lines shall not extend through the space
not meet at common boundaries. between views. Short center lines may be unbroken
Section lines shall be uniformly spaced a minimum when no confusion results with other lines.
of 1.5 mm, and spaced as generously as possible and
yet preserve the unity and contrast of the sectioned areas 2.8 Symmetry Line
(see Fig. 6). Symmetry lines are used to identify a plane of symme-
Outline section lines are drawn adjacent to the bound- try. The plane of symmetry is identified by placing two
aries only of the sectioned area, and are preferred for short parallel lines (symmetry lines), drawn at right
large areas when section lines are required, provided angles, crossing a center line near each end and outside
clarity is not sacrificed (see Fig. 7). the boundary of the part (see Fig. 1).
5
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ASME Y14.2-2008
Symmetry lines are used when representing partially the leader line may terminate at any point on the verti-
drawn views and partial sections of symmetrical parts cal line.
(see Fig. 3). Visible and hidden lines in symmetrical
2.9.3.1 Terminate leaders as follows:
views may extend past the center line when clarity is
(a) without an arrowhead or dot, when they end on
improved.
a dimension line [see Fig. 10, illustration (a)]
2.9 Dimension, Extension, and Leader Lines (b) with a dot 1.5 mm minimum diameter, when they
end within outlines of an object [see Fig. 10, illustra-
These are solid lines used to dimension drawings as
tion (b)]
described in paras. 2.9.1 through 2.9.3.2 (see
ASME Y14.5M). (c) with an arrowhead, when they end on the outline
of an object [see Fig. 10, illustration (c)]
2.9.1 Dimension Line. Dimension lines are used to (d) without a terminator for a datum target
indicate the extent and direction of dimensions, and are
terminated with uniform arrowheads (see Figs. 1 and 2.9.3.2 Leader lines
2). Arrowheads shall be drawn within the limits of the (a) should not cross
dimension line when possible [see Fig. 8, illustration (b) should not be excessively long
(a)]. When inadequate space is available, the dimension (c) shall not be parallel to adjacent dimension, exten-
lines and arrowheads may be shown outside the dimen- sion, or section lines
sional limit [see Fig. 8, illustration (b)]. (d) shall not be drawn at small angles to terminating
surfaces
2.9.2 Extension Lines. Extension lines are used to (e) shall not be vertical or horizontal
indicate the point or line on the drawing to which the
dimension applies (see Figs. 1 and 2). They are also used 2.10 Cutting-Plane and Viewing-Plane Lines
to indicate the extension of a surface to a theoretical Cutting-plane and viewing-plane lines are used to
intersection (see Fig. 9). indicate the location of cutting planes for sectional views
2.9.3 Leader Lines. Leader lines are used to direct and the viewing position for removed views (see Figs. 1
notes, dimensions, symbols, item numbers, or part num- and 2). Cutting-plane and viewing-plane lines shall be
bers on the drawing (see Figs. 1 and 2). A leader line drawn to stand out clearly on the drawing. The ends of
should be a straight inclined line, except for a short the lines are at 90 deg, and terminated by arrowheads
horizontal portion extending to the center of the height to indicate the direction of sight for viewing (see Fig. 2
of the first or last letter or digit of the note. Leader lines and ASME Y14.3M). Three forms of cutting-plane and
may consist of one or more line segments (see Fig. 10). viewing-plane lines are as follows:
Leaders may be drawn with a hidden line style when (a) evenly spaced dashes [see Fig. 1 (line 9)].
pointing to a hidden surface. The horizontal portion of (b) alternating long dashes and pairs of short dashes.
the leader shall not underline the note, and may be The long dashes may vary in length, depending on the
omitted entirely. size of the drawing [see Fig. 1 (line 10)].
A vertical line may be used at the end of the leader (c) Figure 1 (line 11), same as lines 9 and 10, except
to group information. When the vertical line is used, the dashes between line ends are omitted.
6
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ASME Y14.2-2008
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ASME Y14.2-2008
8
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ASME Y14.2-2008
NOTE:
(1) When used within the title block.
11
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ASME Y14.2-2008
MANDATORY APPENDIX I
MINIMUM LETTER HEIGHTS (INCH)
NOTE:
(1) When used within the title block.
13
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14
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