Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
45 views

Java Statements

Statements are the basic units of execution in a program and come in several types. Expression statements contain assignments, increments, method calls, and object creations and end with a semicolon. Declaration statements declare variables. Control flow statements like if/else, switch, for, while, do-while, break, continue and return allow a program to conditionally execute blocks of code and loop. If/else and switch make decisions, while loops repeat blocks and breaks and continues change the flow.

Uploaded by

speedmail71
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
45 views

Java Statements

Statements are the basic units of execution in a program and come in several types. Expression statements contain assignments, increments, method calls, and object creations and end with a semicolon. Declaration statements declare variables. Control flow statements like if/else, switch, for, while, do-while, break, continue and return allow a program to conditionally execute blocks of code and loop. If/else and switch make decisions, while loops repeat blocks and breaks and continues change the flow.

Uploaded by

speedmail71
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Statements

Statements are roughly equivalent to sentences in natural languages. A statement forms a complete unit of
execution.

The following types of expressions can be made into a statement by terminating the expression with a
semicolon (;).

 Assignment expressions
 Any use of ++ or --
 Method invocations
 Object creation expressions
o some examples of expression statements.
 // assignment statement
 aValue = 8933.234;
 // increment statement
 aValue++;
 // method invocation statement
 System.out.println("Hello World!");
 // object creation statement
 Bicycle myBike = new Bicycle();
 declaration statements
o // declaration statement
o double aValue = 8933.234;

 control flow statements


The statements inside your source files are generally executed from top to bottom, in the order that
they appear. Control flow statements, however, break up the flow of execution by employing decision
making, looping, and branching, enabling your program to conditionallyexecute particular blocks of
code.

decision-making statements (

 if-then : to execute a certain section of code only if a particular test evaluates to true.
 if-then-else: provides a secondary path of execution when an "if" clause evaluates
to false.
 if (testscore >= 90) {
 grade = 'A';
 } else if (testscore >= 80) {
 grade = 'B';
 } else if (testscore >= 70) {
 grade = 'C';
 } else if (testscore >= 60) {
 grade = 'D';
 } else {
 grade = 'F';
 }
once a condition is satisfied, the appropriate statements are executed (grade = 'C';) and the
remaining conditions are not evaluated.

 Switch
o the switch statement can have a number of possible execution paths.
o works with the byte, short, char, and int primitive data types
o also works with enumerated types
o the String class, and a few special classes that wrap certain primitive
types: Character, Byte, Short, and Integer
o body of a switch statement is known as a switch block
o executes all statements that follow the matching case label
o All statements after the matching case label are executed in sequence, regardless of the
expression of subsequent caselabels, until a break statement is encountered.
o Deciding whether to use if-then-else statements or a switch statement is based
on readability and the expression that the statement is testing. An if-then-
else statement can test expressions based on ranges of values or conditions,
whereas a switch statement tests expressions based only on a single integer,
enumerated value, or String object.
o switch (optt){
o case 1: {System.out.println("January"); break;}
o case 5:{System.out.println("may"); break;}
o default: {System.out.println("none"); break;}
o }
o a statement can have multiple case labels
 java.util.ArrayList<String> futureMonths =
 new java.util.ArrayList<String>();
 case 12: futureMonths.add("December");
 break;
 if (futureMonths.isEmpty()) {
 System.out.println("Invalid month number");
 } else {
 for (String monthName : futureMonths) {
 System.out.println(monthName);

===============================================================

 switch (month) {
 case 1: case 3: case 5:
 case 7: case 8: case 10:
 case 12:
 numDays = 31;
 break;
 case 2:
 if (((year % 4 == 0) &&
 !(year % 100 == 0))
 || (year % 400 == 0))
 numDays = 29;
 else
 numDays = 28;
 break;

looping statements (for, while, do-while),

branching statements (break, continue, return)

You might also like