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Savitribai Phule Pune University: Syllabus For M.Phil./Ph.D. (PET) Entrance Exam: Commerce Research Methodology

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Savitribai Phule Pune University

(Formerly University of Pune)

Syllabus for M.Phil./Ph.D. (PET) Entrance Exam : Commerce


Research Methodology

1. Foundations of Research:
Research: Definition, Objectives of Business Research, Characteristics of good research, Research
applications in functional areas of Business,.
Concept of Scientific Enquiry: - Formulation of Research Problem, Research Question, Investigation
Question.
Steps in Research Process.
Research Proposal: Elements of a Research Proposal, Drafting a Research Proposal, Evaluating a
research proposal.

2. Research Design:
Concept, Features of a good research design.
Qualitative research and Quantitative research approaches, Comparison of both approaches.
Exploratory Research Design: Concept, Types: Qualitative techniques -Projective Techniques,
Depth Interview, Experience Survey, Focus Groups, Observation.
Descriptive Research Designs: Concept, types and uses. Concept of Cross-sectional and
Longitudinal Research.
Experimental Design: Concept of Cause and effect, Causal relationships, Concept of Independent &
Dependent variables, Concomitant variable, Extraneous variable, Treatment, Control group.
Hypothesis: Qualities of a good hypothesis, types of hypotheses, framing Null Hypothesis &
Alternative Hypothesis. Concept of Hypothesis Testing.

3. Measurement & Data:


Concept of Measurement: Problems in measurement in research - Validity and Reliability. Levels of
measurement - Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio.
Attitude Scaling Techniques: Concept of Scale, Rating Scales: Likert Scales, Semantic Differential
Scales, Constant Sum Scales, Graphic Rating Scales .Ranking Scales: Paired Comparison & Forced
Ranking.
Types of Data - Secondary Data: Definition, Sources, Characteristics, Issues to be considered for
secondary data, sufficiency, adequacy, reliability, consistency; Data mining, Big data.
Types of Data - Primary Data: Definition, advantages and disadvantages over secondary data,
Data collection Methods: Questionnaire, Schedule, Personal Interviews, Telephonic survey,
Email/Internet survey, Focus group study.
4. Sampling:
Basic Concepts: Defining the Universe, Concepts of Statistical Population, Sample, Characteristics
of a good sample. Sampling Frame, Sampling errors, Non Sampling errors, Methods to reduce the
errors.
Probability Sample: Simple Random Sample, Systematic Sample, Stratified Random Sample, Area
Sampling & Cluster Sampling.
Non Probability Sample: Judgment Sampling, Convenience Sampling, Purposive Sampling, Quota
Sampling & Snowballing Sampling methods. Determining size of the sample - considerations in
sampling and sample size.

5. Data Analysis and Interpretation & Report Writing:


Data Analysis : Editing, Coding, Univariate analysis – Tabular representation of data, frequency
tables, Construction of frequency distributions and their analysis in the form of measures of central
tendency ,Mean, Median and Mode; their relative merits and demerits.
Graphical Representation of Data: Appropriate Usage of Bar charts, Pie charts, Histogram, Leaf and
stem, Candle stick, Box plots.
Bivariate Analysis: Cross tabulations, Use of percentages, Bivariate Correlation Analysis - meaning
& types of correlation, .Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation and Spearman’s Rank Correlation:
Scatter plots, Chi-square test including testing hypothesis of association, association of attributes.
Linear Regression Analysis: Meaning and two lines of regression; relationship between correlation
and regression co-efficient.
Test of Significance: Small sample tests: t (Mean, proportion) and F tests, Z test, Non parametric
tests: Binomial test of proportion, Randomness test; Analysis of Variance: One way and two way
Classifications.
Research Report: Research Ethics, Structure of Research report, Report writing and Presentation.
Referencing styles and citation.

Subject Concerned Syllabus


Commerce

1. Business Administration-
 Principles of Management
 Functions of management: Planning, Organizing, Staffing, controlling,
Communication,Leadership, Motivation
 Corporate Governance
 Corporate Social Responsibilities
2. Marketing –
 Marketing Task, Concept, Tools
 Marketing Environment
 Consumer Behaviour and Market Segmentation
 Product and Pricing Decisions
 Direct and Online Marketing
3. Business Environment-
 Legal, Political and Economic Environment
 E-Commerce
 E-Governance
 Corporate Governance
 Social Responsibilities of Business
 Public and Private Partnership (PPP)
 Knowledge Management
4. Accountancy-
 Accounting Concepts
 Accounting Conventions
 Financial Statements
 Accounts of Non Trading Concerns
 Company Accounts – Issue of Shares
 Management Accounting – Ratio Analysis
 Income Tax – Concepts, Computation and Tax Planning by individuals
5. Cost and Works Accounting -
 Elements of Cost
 Classification of Cost
 Cost Unit
 Cost Centre
 Methods of Costing
 Techniques of Costing
 Cost Audit
6. Indian Companies Act-
 Formation and Incorporation of Companies
 Memorandum of Association
 Articles of Association
 Prospectus
 Consumer Protection Act
 Negotiable instrument Act
 Sale of Goods Act
7. Insurance and Transport-
Insurance
 Introduction
 Types of Insurance
 Principles
 Actuarial
 Role of IRDA
Transport-
 Transport
 Transport system in India
 Documentation in Transit and Transport
 Role of Transport in Indian Economic Growth
8. Business Economics-
 Nature and uses of Business Economics
 Concept of Profit and Wealth Maximisation
 Demand Analysis
 Elasticity of Demand
 Curve Analysis
 Law of Demand
 Cost Revenue
 Price
 Determination in Different Market Situation
 Pricing Strategy
9. Banking-
 Importance of Banking to Business
 Types of Banks and their functions
 Role and functions of RBI

10. Co-operation and Rural Development


Co-operation
 Concept and Principles of Co-operation
 Co-operative Credit System
 Co-operative Banks
Rural Development
 Rural Devolvement
 Concepts and Approaches
 Role of Govt. agencies in Rural Development

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