20.

1 5l'Emm
20.2 Vam $4 m & i;w
20.3 dWJT $?RTFT

-
20.4 dWJT4
?I Th T@T#F3 TFil
20.5 Jlf&FTfW!T34%?dWTTFF?kh
20.6 d W J T $4 5lTTJfITh FFil
20.7 dWJT?lh&FllV34%?&3ThdWFW@

20.9

-+*
'~~:m*d~%&2om3~m&3im&f&-q3jwfmr:

& * s 3 i m d s - M m * d m r n * m

&$rs3if&-qdm&$m&3Thm;azrr
&*sii**&ddmrn3i&*md
diihm~
20.1 wimlcl?r
~ 5 i i J r m ; t ? f T s h r r t w M * , w m TfFrF,p p *
m&&i;wfh%m&m$kmaf5mf3m1m'QE:m
*%wds-M*w~?&ds3irn3irn*m
m&m&3iemm+++?m20~~f~~~*+
aesfdm&biw~3i3i**l~il:q~*wmwm
famTm*%rnw&+f&-qdmrnm*JbrfamT
m t ~ d md ,m * s @ < m ~ @ q @ $ b J t h ~
m m * % d m d r s m * l m M w & * ~
(Sampling) Y : J I W = T W E F & R I ~ ~ ~ T W T ~ ~ ~ ~ T Y T ? = I ~ W F T T ~ ~
Whf%~5*&15dkEk6@5jT7$21 *wTk*%ErR+WFTT
m61Miiwd@.rfb'%dmmii*hmb*
d m S i t r T 3 i & a z r r & 3 T h ~ ~ ~ d ~ f 3 m m ~ 1
~ 2 0 d ~ ~ r n b i ~ u ' i r n w ~ ~ H - A t l d
2 1 , 2 2 * 2 3 * ~ m + T k i i ~ * m m * ~ w . ~ . ~ - o o 2
ajt~&Y:mmqSfT~~sbiw.art~~Jrmdimm
 ?mrn--m
h 2 0 . 1 :
m & f W m ~ , m - m m ~ d & d ~ & m m +
-&aTSji.3T1-St*mmm&81~~1'&*, rn
FRWR W 5Tf?PTW T&fJT @T37(~ationalSample Survey organisation)
. r r a w ~ f + m * d f w m ~ & ~ ~ m r n +
~ m m - ~ r n ~ d r n m $ ~ ~ m ~ ~
% ? r f r * ~ d & m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ d *
m, & 3Ti?&l rn 'e m' (Programme Evalu-
ationwing) % d f 3 F F ~ R s b m ~ & d - ? h r ~ ~ ~ r n ~ m $ T &
f h ~ d r n r n 8 1 m & m m . R & m+ m $ m
m d m d ~ & * l ~ & m m j i . . R ~ m & m
* l m $ m d m $ % m - ~ & ~ ~ ~ 7 ~ m & m
r n f * k & & X 4 T 3 ~ & J ; f q m $ T & * " ; R
Mh'kmmm-mmdcmt&d?yqfk*fi81

~ ~ @ ~ ~ i f t ~ - ~ f r ~ $
'Fib *' (public opinion) P3 mft W & 8 3 h3d
mqMR~&61@m, w ~ ~ 4 ~ d f W m
~ * m ~ i & w m P 3 f ; t f i t ; ; r ~ d & * 4 m 3 m & ~
r n ~ d 1 ~ 1 1 $ M * ~ . 4 & m t m & & ~
$5 TfV@lTi iFir d ?d & (psephologists)
3 m ; R R & ~ d 4 w m w m m f % + r m 6 1 ~ t ~ d k
m - ~ * ~ & h f a f 7 h * d n t t d k M &
m ~ ~ & ~ 4 a ~ w ~ m & 8 1 ~ m , ~
*m*-M*mm&m**~*
dmd a m d ~ ? ~ ; A ~ ~ f b 9 a ; i m ~ r n r n ~
matwfSidmmirQw-sinrm*flmiim@
~ ~ ~ ~ r n ~ ~ ~ w m ~
~ $ ~ f S i m W i T ~ b ~ T i T ? - d ~ ~ ~ f % R ~ f
.**;t*-@irm**lmY:*,mmd
srf;mr&Y:*~shmdwdmmfrm$%
m m - , m 3 t t 3 m m m 4 a h ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ m
m& %I

20.3 F6kW &I Znw$?iWR

safira-d3m~~~mOTm-~jm~lg3m.rftQ
md*wm&4%*w*rnfrwb3tt3drn
d m r n b l ~ * m ( v m d * ) Y : ~ m -
~ - ~ % * m & ~ 3 t h . ~ m ? f t ~ m j n Y :' ~ &
* m Y : * ~ ~ d m a l & ~ m * m m . r Y : *,
~~49mWiTprrl~ii;hmmm;rmftYitY:dm~
B 1 ~ b i 3 m s Y : m ~ ~ ? d m ~ J h
~ ~ & * ~ i r ~ m ~ *
m*w4dmShET**~iiiiPdJfh~t
r n ~ ~ l ~ d d i r n ~ ~ p
M $l R f 3 Y: & TIS - m ~(informants)
d
%TFj$ WVFkI
~ $ l 3 t t 3 m ~ d d m ~ J r f d Y : & r ~ d
d d - f 2 r ? ~ $ l 1 ~ m Y : ~ ? t : m ~ ~ ? m r n & Y : ~ 3
~ 4 Y : r n i i ~ & ~ i f t m n & h f & i f t ~
~
~&Y:arS4*20.2 *ql

20.4 *WJl &I 26t m3;n

dm*, ~ : h - f & ? ~ ~ ~ $ ~ ? ~ i r ~ ~ m ;
~~shET&@F~ k ,C i T s h B ~ & ? ~ ~ f S i m ~ b l
m ~ m * b % m m a * ~ m d & % l

f W ~ i i ~ i f t % ~ @ ~ i f t ~ ~ i m t ~ ' m 3 m j
. r r . ~ m m s h s f a t h d r & m t m t ~ ~ h ~-6 1 t %
,- 3 h . * - ~ ~ m s h ~ ~ 1 m M i a f t a . B ~ ~
 Rimmb)~=hi=Pm&Ul~wirJt*,Mdtmm
wmm
* 4 - r & ~ 6 1 ~ ~ * ~ M ( 3 m 3 ; m r f )
~vm*m*m-***mhzft*blim
a.rdsrr*vM(3~mm~wm~)w3wmRimmbat&
' r r P c m m ~ m s i r u r n m t ~ ~ ' n R w . r ' m ' * ~s *r 4 i i a m
m~daM*wm*nf$-ngirablvm*md
m3~m**f*paMd*mm.rftbldmd
~ @ ~ d ~ f * p ~ ~ ~ d f % % ~ f r f t b ~
20.5 d?IWFY 5Wl3th V&W Tidb6
apazsf (sqple) * '&
.riand
ii 2 ~??Rf9
(sampling) m;m w f3f9 b tZmir
~~I<;wI m $1 -9 (sampling) zft

i) ~mfmm~
ii) ~ W M W ~ ~ ~ ~ I ( W @ ~ )
JrRw;r&iidemwm*zftt%* (sample) d
*&m*thr;rsirm*JmilT4Rma~m**ml&
mmmb%sirmd9m*d'fmml~m, m*
\ nPcrw;r*f*pfwmmsrm~~*tlaf;rw;rt*
~ & ~ ~ & % @ 5 & ~ 1 5 & & 6 & ~ 2 1 t f $ r ! l

~ ~ Q T + R w ~ & J ~ ~ ~ ~ s o . I rntv*~

20.6 dm & &&

~v~~~~~$'idXsnmmrf;nftflm$$v4~mfmb1
d m s h v d m - ~ ~ y m w m a ~ z f t m * m
mbldm$virm~wmwm91~dXsnm3;rr*
* ~ ~ m % l m d t w m 3 ~ ~ * 3 i r n m * f * p
$FSW 20.3 ml
Tilem-5*d&wII~mw&l-m&&m dm m
& ; f * 3 t ~ & f W m @ ~ & t m m m ~ 1 ~ t
m ~ * ~ m 4 m m ~ a r t r + ~ 8 * m 3 2 + ~
*d**81

20.7dmSitU&m&&&&3mm
~m*ET&j;~v2:
i) \72m*v (fkkakthWhf*mm\72m)&mpmdh~
fmr 81
ii) WRT&-*~MWTC$, TIY&ZIT~$$T& qitiiKh4q.q+emi
3tkYFd3*9*fmm&arS*&&4dm*u
m*I
iii) ~ - &m
M3 SIT, $-k 8 b ~h w
3 ~ 2m W& d m Y?ET

*
& m & m M * l m ~ * ? T i 3 4 7 1 + M M
3% fr Wdl 3h3 d %-7?'l (multi-variables)
wfam%@*tfiirqpimnmfr*l
p ?ft
 3i.k a 2 20.2
%hT (1984 : 272) 4 9
'-q ZRT' 3 FF%W V7 3m.R
m q m * :
m : m d m d + 4 f r ~ - ~ ~ d m ~ & m ~
* m m 8 * m * w m * ~ ' t & * m * M
~mm-8tfiTR1dm3mMmdhMkm3it3mqm&
m m a : ~ 3 m ~ m r ~ r n * * l * * , ~ ~ $
%dm*mMm&+m@hvrm&i;$l
p;f-*-mzif$lm*;fzifm$frl
~ $ l ~ m r ~ ~ ~ p ~ ~ 3 f t 3
r n ~ r n ~ r n ~ w h & m ~ ~
i) m ~ $ I m d q ~ & ~ q q z i ~ t ! ?
ii) m & ~ ~ d m m m h ; F i m i ? f ? + d ~ - h h h 3 f h
~ ~ & r n r n & ~ r n ~ r n f r
ipMFm*-w&*&m*d+*~
~ * d m ~ ~ m + l
iii) ~ 3 1 i 4 7 T 1 d & ~ ~ ~ r n 3 T 2 f ~ ? q q q
W&artr-ziM*@*?