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"We Have Presently About 150 Animals of About 25 Species and About 500 Birds of About 50 Species" (Zoo Colonel (R) Taslim Ul Haq)

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Ayub national park

Ayub National Park, commonly known as Ayub Park or historically Topi Rakh
Park (Rakh lit. reserve in Potwari), named after the Pakistani president and
general Ayub Khan, is a national park located on Jhelum road not far away
from the old presidency in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The park was established
before the creation of Pakistan and covers an area of 2,300 acres

Under the British raj, the area was known as Topi Rakh. Rakh is the Potohari word for ‘jungle’. Prior to
partition, the ‘jungle’ served as a popular picnic spot.

The area was converted into a national park in 1959, during the Ayub Khan regime. Although it has
lost land to development work and housing schemes over the last several years, the park has
remained a popular recreational spot for residents of the twin cities.

Between 1959 and 2001, the Rawalpindi Cantonment Board (RCB) was given responsibility for the
park, and it was during this time that the park grew increasingly neglected. It was then handed over
to the Army Heritage Foundation (AHF) by former president Gen Pervez Musharraf.

They attract citizens of all ages and interests. For sports enthusiasts, the park also includes cricket
and football grounds, zip-line facilities, pedal boats, trail and quad bikes.

The park also includes the Jungle Barracks, which have been converted into resorts where guests can
stay overnight.

National parks are the most extensive type of protected areas worldwide, which comprise the
highest percentage (23%) of the total area covered by protected areas globally (Chape et al., 2005).
They are classified under category II of the IUCN categories of protected areas. These parks have
been established to: (i) protect the ecological integrity of one or more ecosystem for present and
future generations, (ii) exclude exploitation or occupation detrimental to the purposes of designation
of the area, and (iii) provide a foundation for spiritual, scientific, educational, recreational, and visitor
opportunities, all of which must be environmentally and culturally compatible

Flora and Fauna in wild:

Ayub park initially had a rich biodiversity having a wild ecosystem but with increasing developments
in the part, rich ecosystem is being disturbed and reduced. A study recorded 39 plant species
belonging to 26 families. Four families including: Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Moraceae and Poaceae were
found dominant. Paper mulberry, Broussonetia papyrifera gave the highest relative cover (RC), while
Lantana camara and Otostegia limbata gave the highest relative density (RD). The park was found the
home of 60 bird species, representing 34 families. Five small to medium sized mammal species were
found belonging to three families.

Flora and fauna in zoo:

“We have presently about 150 animals of about 25 species and about 500 birds of
about 50 species” (Zoo Colonel (r) Taslim ul Haq)
Problems:

 The abundance of invasive species, B. papyrifera and L. camara, is serious threats to the
native flora and the ecosystem
 Development of recreational sites and encroaching wild habitat of species.
 Deforestation
 Water pollution by the tourists
 Variation from wild

Positives:

 Recreational and educational site with wide variety of species


 Aesthetic beauty
 Cultural sites preservation
 Many species are being protected
 Revenue generation

Management of park:
Director of park
Consultants for different phases of park
Veterinary team for zoo
Development authority
Monitors for every phase of park
Security staff
Day care staff for animals
Sweepers of clean up committee

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