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/clang-talk

Peter Goldsborough May 20, 2017

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Background

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Background

TUFaceBloomGoogleStartupMIT

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 LLVM

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 LLVM
Low

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 LLVM
Low Level

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 LLVM
Low Level Virtual

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 LLVM
Low Level Virtual Machine

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 LLVM
Low Level Virtual Machine

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 LLVM
Low Level Virtual Machine

lldb opt lld lljvm

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 LLVM
Low Level Virtual Machine

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Compilers

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Compilers

Frontend

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Compilers

Frontend Optimizer

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Compilers

Frontend Optimizer Backend

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Compilers

C++

Go Optimizer Backend

Rust

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Compilers

C++ x86

Go Optimizer ARM

Rust RISC-V

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LLVM

Frontend Optimizer Backend

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LLVM

Lexer

Optimizer Backend

Parser

Frontend
.c,.h

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LLVM

Lexer

Backend

Parser

Frontend Optimizer
.c,.h .ll,.bc

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LLVM

licm loop-unroll
Lexer

Backend

Parser
constprop inline

Frontend Optimizer
.c,.h .ll,.bc

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LLVM

licm loop-unroll
Lexer CodeGen

MD
Parser
constprop inline Optimizer

Frontend Optimizer Backend

.c,.h .ll,.bc .o,.S

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LLVM

licm loop-unroll
Lexer CodeGen

MD
Parser
constprop inline Optimizer

Frontend Optimizer Backend

.c,.h .ll,.bc .o,.S

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clang

template<typename C>
struct L {
char a();
void n(int) const;
bool g;
};

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Clang: Lexer

template < typename C > struct ...

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Clang: Lexer

template < typename C > struct ...

less greater
keyword keyword keyword
identifier

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Clang: Parser

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Clang: Parser

void n ( int arg = 42 ) const ;

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Clang: Parser

void n ( int arg = 42 ) const ;

CXXMethodDecl

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Clang: Parser

void n ( int arg = 42 ) const ;

CXXMethodDecl

ReturnType ParmVarDecl isConst

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Clang: Parser

void n ( int arg = 42 ) const ;

CXXMethodDecl

ReturnType ParmVarDecl isConst

DefaultArg QualType Identifier

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Clang: Parser

void n ( int arg = 42 ) const ;

CXXMethodDecl

ReturnType ParmVarDecl isConst

DefaultArg QualType Identifier

Type

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Clang: Parser

void n ( int arg = 42 ) const ;

CXXRecordDecl

CXXMethodDecl

ReturnType ParmVarDecl isConst

DefaultArg QualType Identifier

Type

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Clang: Parser

void n ( int arg = 42 ) const ;

TranslationUnitDecl

CXXRecordDecl

CXXMethodDecl

ReturnType ParmVarDecl isConst

DefaultArg QualType Identifier

Type

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Clang: Parser

void n ( int arg = 42 ) const ;

TranslationUnitDecl

CXXRecordDecl

CXXMethodDecl

ReturnType ParmVarDecl isConst

DefaultArg QualType Identifier

.
. .
.
. .
Type
.
.
.

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Clang: IR Generation

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Clang: IR Generation

AST

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Clang: IR Generation

; Function Attrs: nounwind ssp

define i32 @_Z1fi(i32) #0 {
%2 = alloca i32, align 4
store i32 %0, i32* %2, align 4
%3 = load i32, i32* %2, align 4
ret i32 %3
}

AST

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Clang: AST

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Clang: AST

if (0xc > l) {
const char* a = "ng";
}

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Clang: AST

if (0xc > l) {
const char* a = "ng";
}

Stmt

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Clang: AST

if (0xc > l) {
const char* a = "ng";
}

Stmt Decl

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Clang: AST

if (0xc > l) {
const char* a = "ng";
}

Stmt Decl Expr

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Clang: AST

if (0xc > l) {
const char* a = "ng";
}

Stmt Decl Expr Type

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Peter Goldsborough clang-useful 46
Clang Tooling

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Clang Tooling

libClang

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Clang Tooling: libClang

#include <stdio.h>
#include <clang-c/Index.h>

CXChildVisitResult
visit(CXCursor cursor, CXCursor, CXClientData data) {
const CXSourceLocation location = clang_getCursorLocation(cursor);
if (!clang_Location_isFromMainFile(location)) {
return CXChildVisit_Continue;
}

const CXString spelling = clang_getCursorSpelling(cursor);

printf("%s", clang_getCString(spelling));
clang_disposeString(spelling);

return CXChildVisit_Recurse;
}

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Clang Tooling: libClang (Python)

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Clang Tooling: libClang (Python)

import clang.cindex as clang

def walk(cursor):
print(cursor.spelling)
for child in cursor.get_children():
walk(child)

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Clang Tooling

libTooling

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Clang Tooling: libTooling

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Clang Tooling: libTooling

Clang Tidy
./clang-tidy -checks="*,my-check" file.cpp

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Clang Tooling: libTooling

Clang Tidy
./clang-tidy -checks="*,my-check" file.cpp

Clang Plugin
./clang++ -Xclang load -Xclang my-check.so \
-Xclang -add-plugin -Xclang my-check file.cpp

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Clang Tooling: libTooling

Clang Tidy
./clang-tidy -checks="*,my-check" file.cpp

Clang Plugin
./clang++ -Xclang load -Xclang my-check.so \
-Xclang -add-plugin -Xclang my-check file.cpp

Clang Tool
./my-check file.cpp

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Peter Goldsborough clang-useful 57
 clangd
I Language server providing ”clang-as-a-service”
I Background process that editors can interact with to obtain
I Code Completion
I Linting
I Indexing
I Formatting
I Experimental WIP: Help needed!

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 How do I continue?

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Resources

I eli.thegreenplace.net
I clang.llvm.org/docs/InternalsManual.html
I llvm.org/docs/ProgrammersManual.html
I goldsborough.me & github.com/goldsborough
I Source Code!

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Resources

I eli.thegreenplace.net
I clang.llvm.org/docs/InternalsManual.html
I llvm.org/docs/ProgrammersManual.html
I goldsborough.me & github.com/goldsborough
I Source Code!

github.com/peter-can-talk/cppnow-2017

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 Q&A

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