Dongfeng Sokon Mini Automobile

Repair & Maintenance Handbook

维 K Series
 Chapter 1 Use and Maintenance
Unit 1 Main technical Parameter
1.1 Basic Parameter
1.1.1 Basic dimension & Weight Parameter (Form 1-1)

Form 1-1 Basic dimension & Weight Parameter

Items Parameters
1. Dimension (mm)
Total Length K01 K01 K01L K01H
(long version)
3910 4150 4390 4280
Total Width 1560
Total Height (empty) K01 K01 K01L K01H
(long version)
1810 1810 1810 1850
Wheelbase (mm) K01 K01 K01L K01H
(long version)
2515 2515 2760 2760
Fr.Tread (mm) 1310
Rr.Tread (mm) 1310
2. Weight
Mass of the vehicle with bodywork in K01 K01 K01L K01H
(long version)
running order
948 ~ 980 948 ~ 980 948 ~ 980 948 ~ 980

2、Performance Parameter (Form 1-2)

Form 1-2 Performance Parameters
Items Parameters
Optional Model of Engine BG13-20 AF10-06
（km/h）Max speed 135 105
Max Climbing Capacity 32 30
Time-Needed from Start and then with 40 48
continuous gear-swift to accelerate 90km/h
Economical Fuel Consumption Under Limited ≤6.5 ≤6
Condition like 50Km/h, etc
（50km/h）Brake Distance ≤20
Outside Noise While Speeding up (dB) ≤74

1.2 Structure parameter

1、Main Technical Parameter of Engines (Form 1-3 )

Form 1-3 Main Technical Parameters of Engines

 Model
BG13-20 AF10-06
Items
Four Stroke, Water Cooling, Single Four Stroke, Water Cooling, Single
Types Top camshaft, Petrol engine with Top camshaft, Petrol engine with
electric control fuel jet,16vavles electric control fuel jet
Cylinder Dimension 74 65.5
Piston Stroke 76 72
Exhaust 1310 970
Compression Ratio 9.5:1 8.8:1
Rating Power 60.5 38.5
Max Torque 102 74
Weight 98 97
Fuel Consumption 93 93
（r/min）Idle Emission 750  50 900  50
（ r/min ） Max/Mini 6000/750  50 5200/900  50
Swerving Speed

2、Transmission Technical Parameter (Form 1-4)

Form 1-4 Transmission Technical Parameter
Model
Item BG13-20 AF10-06

GearⅠ 4.425 3.652

GearⅡ 2.722 1.948
Diving GearⅢ 1.792 1.423
Ratio GearⅣ 1.226 1
GearⅤ 1.000 0.795
Gear R 4.722 3.466
 Unit 2 Use and Notices
2.1 Basic Knowledge for New Car Use
2.1.1 Checking the new car
In order to ensure safe driving, before using the car, it must be checked as follows:
(1) Check the connection and strength of the key and essential parts to see whether they accord with
requirements, especially on steering devices and braking system. For example, universal joint boot, bed plate,
brake system, wheels, steering tie rod boot, steering boot, transmission and so on.
(2) Check the specification, models and quantity of all the oil and liquid to see whether they accord with
requirements, such as gasoline, lube, cooling liquid, electrolyte, air window washer fluid, brake liquid,
transmission oil, brake oil, steering oil and so on. And also check the car leaks oil and water or not.
(3) Check the working condition of battery voltage, electrical system, lamplight, horn, instrument, pilot lamp
and so on. And also check the installment of fuse wire in driver’s cab.
(4) Check the types, specifications and tread of the tyres to see whether they comply with requirements;
check the tightening torque of the bolt to see whether it comply with the demanding requirement; check each
tyre’s air inflating pressure to see whether it is normal (including spare tyre) and check the installment of inner
valve and the coverings of wheel.
(5) Check the connection and strength of each part, especially the parts of driving, steering, braking,
suspension, wheels and so on.
(6) Check clutch, and free stroke of pedal to see whether they accord with the specified value; check the
brake system and free stroke of braking pedal to ensure that air in the pipeline is exhausted.
(7) Check the cleanliness of the exterior, including: paint, decorating parts and glass; check the cleanliness of
the interior, including: seats, inner decoration parts; check the state of windscreen cleaning device.
(8) Start the engine, warm it up till it reaches the normal temperature, then check it to see whether there is
any leakage of oil, gas, water and electricity.
(9) After running with the gearshift lever in gear, check the working condition of clutch, transmission, hand
braking, foot braking, steering system and so on.
1) Clutch: whether there is a stuck noise or disordering noise.
2) Speeding-up pedal: flexible as well as non-loosening.
3) Transmission: freely changing gear without difficulty or out-of-gear.
4) Odometer: the odometer index is not chattering while running; when speed changes, the index should
waggle stably.
5) Steering control mechanism: we should check whether free stroke of steering wheel is normal, and
whether it can automatically back to its position after turning.
6) Foot braking: when braking at speed of 40km/h, we can feel the braking impact, and stop without
deflection.
7) Hand braking: when we are lifting the handle of hand braking, and driving at low speed of 20km/h,
we can feel the braking impact while transmission getting into neutral position.
8) Air condition: operate buttons and check whether they are in normal working.
9) Judge each part to see whether the sound is normal: when the car is running, especially speeding up
or slowing down, please pay much attention to whether there is obviously disordering sound.
10) Check the car to see whether the tools and required technical materials are complete along with it.
11）The air in the water tank and engine must be brought out first.
2.1.2 Breakingin of the new car
Because of the oversight of processing and assembling, friction resistance between moving parts, at the
beginning of working, is stronger than at the normal occasions. The effect of breakingin during early period of
using car will affect much on its using length of life, its working fiduciary level and economical efficiency.
Therefore, the new car must strictly execute the rules when used.
(1)The rules of breakingin when driving less than 1000km
1) Driving at full speed is absolutely not allowed
2) Drive generally less than 100km/h
3) Avoid driving at high speed in each gear.
(2) The rules of breakingin when driving between 1000km-15000km: gradually drive to the highest speed or
the highest rotation rate which engine allows.
(3) Notices after the period of breakingin.
1) Drive the car with speed indicator. When you get into the accessing high speed gear, no later than the
finger reaches the red indicating area, the highest rotation speed is 5500r/min which engine allows in the short
time. The highest speed which each gear allows is respectively: 20km/h in 1 gear, 30km/h in 2 gear, 50km/h in 3
gear, 70km/h in 4 gear, 80km/h in 5 gear.
2) Avoid engine rotating with unnecessary high speed, and early getting into high speed gear is
favorable to save fuel and reduce noise.
3) When we are driving, the rotation rate can not be too low. Only if engine works hard can low gear be
used.
4) The speed and rotation rate listed in the explanation book is only applicable to engines with normal
temperature. When cooling the car, we should not make engine work with high rotation in neutral position or in
each gear.
5) The new tyre doesn’t have the strongest adhesion at the beginning of use, so it also needs breakingin.
Driving the first 100km should be slow and careful.
6) The new friction wafer of brake also needs breakingin. When we drive the first 200km, there is no
appropriate friction. If the braking works not well during this period, we can properly add pressure on the pedal.
2.2 Driving
Proper driving not only shows the good technical performances of the car, but also ensures safety driving.
Therefore, as a driver, we must do the daily maintenance work before driving, and during driving, we should drive
the car properly according to different roads.
2.2.1．Checking preparation before driving
(1) Check the fuel gauge and judge whether it needs to add fuel.
(2) Check the lube level and examine whether the track on the vemier is between upper limit and lower limit.
If the fuel is not enough, we should add fuel on time; when the fuel is excessive, on most occasions, lubricating
system of engine will be in trouble. Therefore, we should analyze the reasons immediately and solve the troubles.
(3) Check the cooling liquid level to see whether it accords with requirements. If it is not enough, we should
add cooling liquid on time.
(4) Check the braking liquid level to see whether it accords with requirements. If it is not enough, we should
add braking liquid on time.
(5) Check the electrolyte level of battery to see whether it accords with requirements. If it is not enough, we
should add distilled water on time.
(6) Check the tyre’s inflating pressure to see whether it accords with requirements and whether there are
enough spare tyres.
(7) Check whether the lamplight, steering signal lamp and braking signal lamp are in good condition.
(8) Check whether the front and back air window are clean, the angle of back mirror inside and outside of the
car is proper, and whether wiper is in normal work.
(9) Whether the steering wheel height is adjusted to a proper position, and whether the seat and safe belt are
adjusted to a proper position.
 (10) Check the performance of tyre’s braking system to see whether it is reliable.
(11) Check whether the moving of each pedal is flexible, whether the free stroke is within the demanding
scope, whether position shift is free, and whether there is stuck.
(12) Check whether tools along with the car are complete, and whether there is an amount of fusing wires
and bulbs.
(13) When driving in a long-distance, we should prepare an amount of lube and cooling liquid.
The key notices of safe driving:
(1) Before each driving, we should wear safe belt and adjust the headrest according to our statures.
(2) We should pay attention that the control of pedal cannot be foreclosed, and things put on the luggage and
rear shelf should be accurately placed.
(3) Do not drive when you are tired. Usually we should have a short rest after two hours’ driving.
(4) Alcohol, narcotics and druggery will reflect the reaction of the driver. So do not keep driving in drank or
distractingly situation. The latest research shows, if driver uses mobile communication equipments during driving,
the result will be worse than in over drank situation. Thus, never use mobile communication equipments while
driving.
(5) At anytime, the speed of the car should fit the road. For example, low down the speed of the car while
driving on the ice or on wet road, or in the crowd road.
(6) For the safe of the driver, do comply with the traffic rules.
2．Start the engine
(1)Manual shifting car
1) Move the gearlever at zero gear，and pull up grip brake.
2) Starts of manual shifting car, step clutch pedal to the bottom, in this way, while the starter work, idle the
engine.
3) Open the switch, start the starter, no need to step the accelerograph.
Remark: Loosen the switch key the moment the starter working, in order to prevent the starter from
passively working.
4) After the engine starting to work, you can drive at once, and there is no need to warm-up.
Remark: Before the temperature of the engine reach the normal level, do not let the engine work fast
or step the accelerograph to the end.
(2) Notices when start the engine.
1) When the engine coldstarts, because the engine of this car is equipped with continual injection equipment,
it can provide oil-gas mixed fuel at any situation. This start-up procedure can not be affected by any outside
environment, before the start-up, please do not trample the accelerograph, if the engine can not be started
immediately, please wait for around 10 seconds, then re-start it again.
2) If the engine is very hot, you can step the accelerograph lightly after starting the engine. If can not be
started immediately, maybe there’s problem with the fuse of the electric fuel pump or the fuse of the engine
operation system (maybe fusing).
3．Driving notice:
In order to exert the technical performance of the car, reduce the fuel consumption as much as possible, and
reduce the blight of exhaust gas and noise, we should pay attention to the followings:
(1) We should avoid trample the speeding-up pedal fiercely, but moderately, this can not only reduce the fuel
consumption, but also reduce the abrasion between pollution and inner spare parts.
(2) Change the gear when it is necessary, we should often drive it with economical gear, and avoid the engine
running at a too high or too low speed.
(3) Try to drive stably, the operation should be prospective, the unnecessary speed-up, brake, start and stop
all increase the fuel consumption rapidly, and avoid sharp curve and urgent brake.
 (4) When running into a traffic jam, we should switch off the engine.
(5) Check the tyre’s inflating pressure terminally, when the pressure of the tyre is too low, it will increase the
rolling resistance, speed up tyre wear and distort steel ring.
(6) Clean up the unnecessary things in the luggage on time.
(7) The accessorial electronic apparatus such as warming, air condition, heating device in rear window, front
lamp and so on should only be used when it is necessary.
(8) Do not switch off engine immediately after a long time driving; we should let the engine running two
more minutes at a speed higher than idle speed to cool it.
(9) Check the car and follow the rules of safe driving notice before a long journey.
If we know that the oil change and some other maintenance items are at term beforehand during this long
journey, we should move them up; especially the change of brake liquid is significant to security of driving.
(10) If the car often drives under the conditions such as with full weight, the outside temperature is too high
or too low, full of dust and the poor quality of the fuel; we should adopt some special technical measures
accordingly, for example: we should adopt the lube whose viscosity is tally with the outside temperature (we can
choose the viscosity grade of the lube according to the outside temperature), install air cleaner with specific
function, and the maintenance cycle should be changed accordingly, for example, if the burthen of the engine is
heavy, the cycle of changing the lube should be shorten.
(11) Pay attention to the instrument and pilot lamp when we are driving. In order to make
drivers more convenient, the car adds various alarm units and fault diagnosis pilot lamp of engine
which can reflect the working condition accurately. If there has some hidden trouble, they will
warn us as soon as possible and require the driver to pay attention to it immediately to avoid
accident with mechanical failure, there are some important alarm units we should especial pay
attention to:
1) The pilot lamp alarms when the temperature of the cooling liquid is too high.
2) The pilot lamp alarms when the pressure of the oil is too low.
3) The pilot lamp alarms when the oil liquid level is too low.
4) The pilot lamp alarms when the level of fuel box is too low.
5) The pilot lamp of brake system.
6) The pilot lamp of generator.
(12) When driving through water, we have to move at a crawl and be conscious in case that the water flood
into the engine or soak some electrical system, and consequently lead to some malfunction, so we should resume
the brake system immediately. When the surface gathers water, we cannot go through it by force.
(13) Do not refit the car without permission, or it will affect the car’s normal technical status and the
guarantee.
(14) Strictly follow the rules of the manufacturer to maintain and repair the car.
4．Accurate use of draw gear
There is a towing hook in both the front and rear bumpers, which can tow the other cars and be towed by the
other cars.
(1) When the car tows the other cars or be towed by the other cars, the dragrope and towing handle can only
be put in this towing hook. we should especially avoid forced towing or fierce pulling, or it will be dangerous
because of heavy burden.
(2) Follow the traffic rules about tow, the car is towing and the car is towed both have to light the pilot lamp.
(3) The driver of the towed car should pay attention to the dragrope to keep it taut.
(4) The towed car must open the switch to make the redirector turning freely, and the turning lamp, horn,
windscreen wiper working normally.
(5) The towed car should get into 3 gear or 2 gear before starting.
 (6) Once the towed car starts the engine, we should step the clutch and get to neutral position to avoid
bumping to the front car.
2.3 Right Use of Fuel, lubricant & Various Fat Liquid
1．Add fuel correctly
The quality of the fuel influence the performance of driving, engine and its life use, and
fuel additive can ameliorate the performance above, so it is necessary to adopt the fuel with
high quality additive. If we cannot buy the fuel with high quality additive or when the engine
meets something in trouble, such as starting with difficulty, idle speed is not stable or the
power drops, we should add fuel with proper additive. The fuel additive can prevent the engine
from tarnishing and fouling and has the function of clean oil supply system, which can avoid
throttle valve casing freezing at the temperature between 0 and 15. Each service station has
fuel additive with the permission of the company, and workers in the station master the method
of its use and of dealing with the fouling of the engine.
When we add the fuel, we should pay attention that the oil filling port lies on the little cover board behind the
front door and above the side plate, with the capacity of the standard fuel box is 40L. After opening the cover of
the fuel box, we can hang it on the cover board, and when we adding fuel, please use the fuel gun accurately.
Explanation; when taking spare fuel with the car, we must follow the rules of local statute.
For the case of safe, do not take spare fuel with the car to avoid accidents, such as breakage of fuel box,
overflow of petrol, which lead to fire.
2．Accurate use of engine lube
Before leaving the factory, the car had been filled with engine lube with high quality. Except under
extraordinary cold weather, it can be used through the whole year. The engine lube with high quality is the
precondition of engine running without failure and long use. Therefore when we add lube or change lube, we must
use the proper lube with high quality.
(1) When we check the lube level and engine working, the consumption of lube is natural; the consumption
can reach to 0.138L/1000km.So we must check the lube level terminally, and had better check it when
adding fuel every time.
When check the lube level, the car must be held in a horizontal position. After the engine stops, wait for a
few minutes to let the lube back to the lube plate. Then take out the dipstick, clean it with cloth, and put it back to
the bottom, and again take it out to read the number, the fuel level should be between the superscript X and the
subscript X.
The difference of highest fuel level and the lowest fuel level of the engine in the car is about 1.0L.
(2) Fill the engine lube. We should open the filling up cap on the cover of the cylinder, fill with lube, and
check the fuel level with the dipstick.
Notice: the fuel level is not allowed to exceed the highest level; otherwise the lube may be absorbed through
the vent-pipe in crankcase.
After fill the lube, the cover of the fueller should be put away. The dipstick must be put into the bottom, or
the lube may flow out when the engine is running.
(3) Change the engine lube. The burden and aging of the lube during working will change the performance
of engine lube. So the time of changing lube depends on both the using burden and the using time.
Usually when the car has driven 5000km, it needs to change the engine lube.
If the car is always driving on the special road or in the area with capricious weather, we should shorten the
driving mileages of the engine lube to make sure reliable and safe driving during the long journey.
Notice: the engine lube should not be mixed with other materials. The used lube must be disposed strictly
according to the rules, and we must forbid the children to touch it. We cannot let the lube flow into the drainpipe
or the soil under any circumstance.
 3．Accurate use of cooling liquid
The cooling system is not need maintenance normally.
When the car left the factory, the cooling system had been put with permanent cooling liquid. This kind of
cooling liquid is unnecessary to change.
The cooling liquid is mixed with half glycol and half water, its anti-freeze capacity is
-35°C and it has an excellent performance of antisepsis. Besides, the additive can prevent scaling, and
increase the boil point of the cooling liquid.
Based on the excellent performance above, this kind of cooling liquid should be used in the cooling system
perennially. Do not add pure water at any time (especially in summer or in some hot area) to avoid decreasing the
consistency of the cooling liquid. In order to make sure the normal function of the cooling liquid, the consistency
of the cooling liquid can not below 40%( volume proportion)
If it is necessary to improve the anti-freeze capacity of the cooling liquid, we can enhance the proportion of
the glycol properly, but the consistency of the cooling liquid can not beyond 60%(volume proportion). At that
time the engine can run normally under -48°C. Otherwise it will reduce the anti-freeze capacity and weaken the
cooling effect.
Extremely cold area(under -50°C), we should make out cold weather protection.
(1) Check the height of the cooling liquid level. The tank of the cooling liquid is located in front clapboard.
The level of the cooling liquid should accord with the rules to fulfill the level when adding the fuel.
In order to check the cooling level accurately, we should closedown the engine and wait until it stops running
before checking. The tank of the cooling liquid is a translucently plastic pot, on which labels max and min, and it
is no need to open the tank to check the level.
When the engine is under cold condition, the cooling liquid level must be between the highest and the lowest
mark. Once it reaches to thermal state, the level may be higher than the highest mark.
Notice: if the cooling liquid appears exceptional loss, it may mean that the cooling system appears the
breakage of leaking, at this period of time, merely depending on adding cooling liquid cannot solve the problem
completely. So do not waste any time, come to the service station of the company right away to check the cooling
system.
(2) Add the cooling liquid. Close down the engine, wait until it becomes cool and lay over the cover of the
cooling liquid tank with a cloth, turn it counter-clock wisely and wait the inside pressure fell down to
take out the cooling liquid tank, then add the cooling liquid.
Notice: when the engine is under thermal state, and when the cooling system is still under thermal and high
pressure state, do not open the cover of the cooling liquid tank in case of being scalded.
Under emergency, if we have to add pure water, we must add cooling additive afterwards as soon as possible
to make the consistency of the cooling liquid back to its normal state.
If the cooling liquid loses a lot, we have to add cooling liquid when the engine is under cold condition to
avoid the breakage of the engine.
When add the cooling liquid, do not add it beyond the highest mark of the cooling liquid tank! Because once
the engine reaches to the thermal state, the excessive cooling liquid will flow out through the limiting valve of the
tank cover under great pressure. After adding the cooling liquid, do screw down the cover tightly.
Notice: both of the cooling liquid and the cooling additive are poisonous! So the additive must be put into the
original container, and strictly forbid the children to touch it. If we have to release the cooling liquid in the system,
we should collect it properly and put it in a safe place. The ejective cooling should not be used again; we must
follow the rules of environment protection law to deal with the used cooling liquid.
4．Accurate use of brake liquid
(1) Check the brake liquid level. The brake liquid tank is on the left of the front clapboard. The brake liquid
level must accord with the rules to meet the need of the brake system.
 The level should be between the max and min mark of the tank.
There is a friction facing in the brake system of the car. So when we drive the car, the brake liquid level may
decrease a bit, this phenomenon is natural, do not worry about it. However, if the level of the liquid is apparently
decreased a lot or below the lowest mark, which means that the brake system is in trouble, at this time we should
drive to the service station of the company to repair the brake system immediately.
(2) Change the brake liquid. The brake liquid has the performance of accessibility, which can absorb
moisture in the air when it is used. If the water content of the brake liquid is too heavy, it will rust the
brake system. Moreover, the boiling point of the brake liquid will decrease obviously, which will affect
the impact of brake and safety. Because of these reasons, the brake system must be changed every year.
Notice: if the brake liquid has been used for a long time or it is often been braked, the brake system will
produce steam bubbles, which influence the brake impact and safe driving.
In order to ensure the brake impact and safe driving, please choose the original brake liquid of our company,
and do not use the new brake liquid which have never been used before.
Notice: the brake liquid is poisonous! So do put it in the original sealed container, and do not let the children
to touch it! The brake liquid is also mordant to the paint of the car!
Dealing with the used brake liquid is a professional job; we have to equip special tools, so we had better go
to the service station of the company to change the brake liquid.
5．Check the power steering liquid heights
Whether the power steering liquid heights is right or not, influence the power steering accommodate directly,
so, do check the liquid height regulate. After the engine working 2min, put the front wheel right ahead, stop the
engine, check the liquid level.
Open the cover of the oil ruler, check the liquid level, keep it between the maximum and
minimum mark. If under the minimum mark, add power steering hydraulic oil according the
regulations.
Remark:
(1) Do not mix braking liquid and power steering hydraulic oil. Otherwise, the braking system would not
work.
(2) Power steering hydraulic oil is a kind of lube lubricant, if there is no power steering hydraulic oil in the
system, oil pump will break. So, in the situation, add it immediately, or unload the V belt of the power steering,
drive the vehicle to the maintenance station to add hydraulic oil.
(3) If the power steering component does not work, the vehicle can still turn, but need put more power on
the steering wheel, and examine the power steering system as soon as possible.
6．Right use the shift gear oil
In order to keep the shift working normally, do pay attention to add gear oil properly according to the
stipulation.
(1) The two types of gear oil of the manual shift are GL-4, SAE80W-90 AND GL-4, SAE75W-90. and the
type of GL-4, SAE75W-90 applicable for south and north areas, and for winter & summer. In order to
maintenance the transmission better, change the gear oil annually or droved 50000km.
Notice: after a high speed driving or long time bearing, check the level of oil after a 30 minutes packing at
least. If the level of oil is not enough, add oil or escape oil (the oil bolt is at the lower part of the oil sump of
transmission). The color of the shift oil should be bright red. If it changes to brown or black, which means that
there is quantity of friction material or other impurity in the oil. If it changes to pink or white, which means that
the cooler of the engine radiator leaks the cooling liquid. If this happens, change the shift oil at once.
Under normal situation, we should change the shift gear oil every 50000km. if the condition of the road is not
well, we should shorten the interval of changing the driving miles of shift gear oil to ensure the security and
reliability of the car.
2.4 Use of Body Establishment & Accessory
1．Open and close of the vehicle door
(1) Outside the car, when we open the vehicle door, we should pull the door handle. Both of the front doors
can be opened or locked by keys outside the car.
(2) Inside the car, all the vehicle doors(the left front door must be locked)can be locked through safe cage
knob. Once we press the safe lock, we can not open the door no matter inside or outside the car.
Notice: do not lock the door when the car is driving in order to open the door easily to get help from outside
when we come across emergency.
2．Close the window
(1) Regulator. The inside window can be opened or closed by the handle on the door. When we turn the
handle clock wisely to the left, the window will lower. On the contrary, if we turn the handle clock wisely to the
right, the result will be contrarily.
3．Adjust the angle of back mirror
In order to ensure the best effect, we should adjust the angle of back mirror before driving.
(1) Adjust the angle of back mirror outside the car by hand. The angle of back mirror outside the car should
be adjusted rightly. This position can not only ensure the largest view, but also ensure profound check at anytime.
4．The use and adjustment of safe belt
A lot of facts prove that when the accident happens, the safe belt can provide better protect. So we must wear
safe belt before each driving.
(1) The use of safe belt
1) Three point safe belt. When the car is driving under common condition, the safe belt can be flexed freely
according to the need of the passenger, but if the speed of the car (or some other facts, such as rapid pull
or urgent brake) changed suddenly, the buckle of the safe belt will be locked and maintain proper
contraction force. The safe belt in the car is the kind of combined safe belt.
Notice: the rightly use of safe belt is important to its function.
2) Method of tying the safe belt across the waist. Pull the head of the safe belt from one side to the other side
across the waist, and connect it to the other side until hearing the sound, then pull the belt to see whether the belt
is already locked.
3) Method of tying the safe belt across the shoulder. The safe belt should be pulled across the center of our
shoulder and cling to our body.
(3) The adjustment of the safe belt. The shoulder safe belt can be adjusted according to passengers’ height.
When we adjust the safe belt, we should move the knob up and down to make the safe belt going across
the center of the shoulder. After adjusting the safe belt, we should check it to see whether it is locked.
The method of adjusting the height of safe belt in front row
1) Press the guiding ring on the fixed point of the safe belt by hand, and move up and down, adjust the safe
belt through shoulder and abut against the neck.
2) After adjusting it, we should to check whether the fixed point on the safe belt is firm.
5．Adjustment of seat
(1) Adjust the front seats back and forth. In order to ensure safe driving, the adjustment of driver’s seat can
only be done when the car stops. The back and forth adjustment of the front seats is: pull the tie bar of the seat to
move the seat back and forth.
(2) Adjust the backrest of the front seats, we only have to pitch ourselves and pluck the rod next to the
backrest. Do not make the backrest pitched behind too much when we are driving, otherwise, it will influence the
effect of the safe belt.
(3) Rear row seats. The backrest and the cushion of the rear row is detached, both of which
have the function of turning ahead to enlarge the volume of the luggage. The method of turning
the backrest: we should adjust the front seats to a proper position in case that the front seat
will hit the rear ones. And pull the plastic rod which is on the top of the backrest, then we
can turn the backrest ahead. The method of turning the cushion: firstly pull the plastic drawstring
lightly, and then we can turn it freely.

Unit 3 Maintenance of the car

3.1 Repairing and Maintenance Form
3.1.1 Repairing and Maintenance Form under normal condition
The interval of repairing This form lists the repairing and maintenance demand of the car which had been
and maintenance: driven for 80,000km. For the car of driving miles beyond 80,000km should be repaired
The interval should be and maintained according to the same interval.
fixed according to the
(×1，000)
odometer or the using 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
months Kilometer
(×1，000)
6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48
mile
month 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48
1．engine

l—1．driving belt — — — ︱ — — — R
1—2．Top camshaft timing belt Change it per 100,000kms
l—3．valve clearance — ︱ — ︱ — ︱ — ︱
l—4．(SE／SF／SG／ SH／SJ)
R R R R R R R R
engine oil and engine oil filter
1—5．Cooling system tube and junction — — — ︱ — — — ︱
1—6．Cooling liquid of the engine — — — R — — — R
l—7．exhaust pipe and fabricated section(not
— — — ︱ — — — I&(R)
include pipe filter)
2．Exhaust control system
2—1． Air hose and junction of crankcase — ︱ — ︱ — ︱ — ︱
2—2．Air flow controller of crankcase — — — ︱ — — — ︱
2—3．Exhaust system of fuel evaporation — ︱ — ︱ — ︱ — ︱
2—4．Fuel cut system — — — ︱ — — — ︱
3．electrical system
3—1．wiring harness and junction — — — ︱ — — — ︱
4．Switch system
Using unleaded
— R — R — R — R
gasoline
4—1．spark plug
If using leaded gasoline, we should consult the form”
driving under severe condition”
4—2．
— — — ︱ — — — ︱
Subordinate electronical cover and head
4—3．Switch line — — — ︱ — — — R
 4—4．Timing switch — — — ︱ — — — ︱
4—5．The device of subordinate electronic
— — — ︱ — — — ︱
adjustment
5．fuel
5—1． — — — ︱ — — — ︱
5—2．The proportion of idle speed and rotate
(︱) ︱ — ︱ — ︱ — ︱
speed of the engine
5—3．Fuel tank cover — — — ︱ — — — R
5—4．Chip of air cleaner ︱ ︱ ︱ R ︱ ︱ ︱ R
5—5．oil filler Change it per100,000kms
5—6．Fuel tube and junction/fuel box — — — ︱ — — — ︱
6．brake
6—1． Brake wheel and gasket(front) ︱ — ︱ — ︱ — ︱ —
Brake drum and block ︱ — ︱ — ︱ — ︱ —
6—2．Brake tube and pipe ︱ — ︱ — ︱ — ︱ —
6—3．Brake liquid — ︱ — R — ︱ — R
6-4． Braked pedal — ︱ — ︱ — ︱ — ︱
6—5．brake staff and cable ︱ — ︱ — ︱ — ︱ —
7．batholiths and body
7—1．clutch ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱
7—2．tyre ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱
7—3．tyre turntable ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱
7—4．impending shelf setting ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱
7—5．transmission shaft — ︱ — ︱ — ︱ — ︱
7—6．manual transmission oil ︱ ︱ ︱ R ︱ ︱ ︱ R
7—7．differential gear oil ︱ ︱ ︱ R ︱ ︱ ︱ R
7—8．redirector system ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱
7—9．gemel and lock
7—10．shift control staff and axis ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱ ︱

Remark
“R”：Replacing
“︱”：Inspecting, replacing when needed
1—7（R）is used only for installing rubber stuff on exhausting system.
Advice when the car drove under bad condition.
Obey the maintain schedule

2．Codes for bad conditions

A—Repeated short distance running.
B—Driving on uneven or muddy road
C—Driving on dusty roads
D—Driving on cold weather and salty roads
E—Repeat short distance traveling under cold weather
F—using lead oil
 Bad condition Opera
Maintenance Intermittent time for maintenance
code -tion

every 20,000km or 12 months

︱
-BC--- transmission strap
every40,000km or 24months
R
generator oil and oil
A-CDE- every 5,000kms or 3 months
cleaner R
releasing pipe and
AB-D-- every10,000km or 6 months
installing stuff ︱

every 2,500kms
* R
--C--- Air cleaner core 1
every 20,000kms or 12 months
︱

ABC-EF Spark plug every 10,000km or 6 months

R

AB-D-- Transmission shaft every 10,000km or6 months

︱
Manual transmission and
-B--E- every 20,000km or 12 months
differential gear oil R

-B---- Bolts & nuts on Chassis every 10,000kms or 6 months

T
Brake set and front pad
ABC--- Brake drum and brake every 10,000kms or 6 months
︱
show(rear)

“R”：Replacing
“︱”：Inspecting when needed
“T”：Screw down
*
1：More frequently checking or replacing is needed when traveling on dusty roads.
二、Maintenance
1、 engine
Transmission strap
Warning: cut off the cathode of the battery before checking strap’s condition
Water pump strap checking

1）Checking the crack, cut , distortion, wearing as well as its cleanliness, replacing when needed.
2) Check the tensility of the strap. There should be 7-10mm sink when is pressed by 10kg force.
Tensility of the strap “a”: Sink value 7-10mm.
Attention:
The tensility regulation is, when replacing a new strap: press at the middle, a 7-10mm sink
Water pump strap replacing
1) Cutting off the cathode of the battery.
2) Remove the compressor transmission strap, if air conditioner is available(details please as per driving strap of
air conditioner compressor)
3) Replacing water pump strap with a new one.
4) Regulating the strap tensility according to instruction.
5) Turning on the battery cathode.
Check air conditioner compressing transmission strap.
Check wearing, scathe and tensility of the strap. Replacing or adjusting when needed.
Check air conditioner compressing transmission strap.
Check wearing, scathe and tensility of the strap. Replacing or adjusting when needed.
The tensility of air conditioner’s transmission strap:
Pressing at the middle with a 10kg force, there will be a 8-11mm sink.
Replacing air conditioner’s compressing transmission strap
1) Cut the cathode of the battery.
2) Release the strain of the old belt, and change the new one instead.
3) Change the pump belt by the new belt.
4) Adjust the strain of the belt according to the demand of technology.
5) Connect the cathode of the accumulator.
Notice:
When we change the new belt, the strain should be adjusted to: press the middle heavily, there will be a
8-9mm sink.
The timing belt of camshaft
Check
1) Put off the inspection port plug from the timing belt.
2) Examine the abrasion, crack, hurt, oil stain of the timing belt
with lamp and appropriative mirror according stipulation.
3) Install the inspection port plug.

The gap of valve

1. Pully of camshaft
2. Adjusting bolt.
3. Valve rod
4. Locking nut for adjusting bolt.
Check
1) Unload the crankcase soft pipe on the cover of the cylinder, and the warmer soft pipe
2) Unload the cover of the cylinder head.
3) Check the gap of the intake and exhaust valve, and if need, adjust it.
See the second chapter to check it.
 Cold engine Hot Engine
Coolant temperature Coolant temperature
The gap of 15—25°C 60—68°C
the valve
(gap “a”) Intake 0.13—0.17mm 0.23—0.27mm
Required tech

Exhaust 0.15—0.18mm 0.25—0.28mm

4) Install the cover of the cylinder head, screw down bolt according the technical requirement.
5) Link the ventilative soft pipe to crankcase.

Oil of engine and cleaner of engine oil Table of Engine oil viscidity
Change
Suggest using engine oil of SE, SF, SG, SH OR SJ grade.
Choose right engine oil viscidity according to the picture on the
left.
It is better to change the oil and the oil cleaner after driving on a
dusty road. Details please as per the user manual.

Before drain out the engine oil, please check the leakage of the
engine oil. If leaked, change the bad part before falling to
working.
1) Remove the oil plug, drain out the engine oil.
2) After draining out the oil, clean the drain out plug. Then
install it, and screw tight as per the following requirements.
Tightening toque: 1. Oil sump. 1. Engine oil filter
2. Drain out plug.
(a）：35N·m
3) Loosen the oil filter with appropriative spanner.
Appropriative tools
(A):09915-47340
4) Put engine oil on the “o” ring of new oil filter
5) Screw the new oil filter on the holder of it by hand, screw it until
the surface contacted the “o” ring
Attention 3. Engine oil filter
In order to screw the oil filter properly, please find the
exactitude joint place of the “o” ring and the surface.
6) After contacting the surface of holder, screw the oil filter with spanner (turn 3~4 circles).
Appropriative tools
(A):09915-47340
Tightening torque:
(a）：35N·m
7) Filling up oil to the full mark on the fuel level gauge (dipstick).
8) Before checking the level of the oil, idle running the engine for 3mins. Then stop it, check the oil level after
5mins. If necessary, add oil to the maximum mark on the fuel level gauge.
Notice：
The stipulation of the oil level please refer to the following table.
 However, according to different situations (temperature, viscidity, etc.), please be noted that
the real oil level may be not the same as the figures showed in the right form.
9) Check whether the oil filter and drain out plug leak oil.
Oil level of the engine
Oil mass of the oil sump About 3.0L

Oil mass of the oil cleaner About 0.2L

Other About 0.3L

Total oil mass About 3.5L

Soft pipe of cooling system and the tie-in

Check
1) Eye-evaluating whether there are leaks, cracks on the cooling system,
check whether the soft pipe is broken, whether the pipe clamp screwed
tight.
2) Change any soft pipes with leaks, cracks, or other defects.
Change all the pipe clamps which can not keep proper tight
3) Clean the front part of the radiator core.
4) Text the cooling system and the radiator head, the pressure should be
110kPa. If necessary, change the radiator produced for this vehicle.
5)Check the level and concentration of the cooling liquid. See the
processes from the second chapter.

1. Full liquid level mark

Cooling liquid of engine 2.Low liquid level mark
Warning:
When the engine and the radiator are still thermal, we can not put the cover of the radiator down to avoid danger.
If we put the cover of the radiator down at once, the hot water and steam will spurt out by pressure.
change
Notice: never put down the cover of thermostat.
1) Don’t remove the radiator cover, until the engine cool down.
2) Screw out radiator drain-out plug to drain out the coolant.
3) Remove the liquid storing kettle, and drain out coolant.
4) Screw on the drain-out plug, install the liquid storing kettle.
5) Add a certain amount of coolant to radiator (refer to chapter
2 VI) exhaust air from cooling system, idle running the engine
for 2-3 minutes, then stop. Re-inject coolant till the level rose
to radiator fluid mouth. Install radiator cover.
6) Inject coolant into liquid storing kettle, till the level up to the mark “Full”
(Full Level), then install tank cap, make markers on tank and cover align.
Notice:
When change coolant of engine, you should use coolant which is
mixed with 50% water and 50% glycol while the temperature is lower
than -16℃, and use coolant which is mixed with 70% of water and 30% glycol 1. while
Full mark; 2. Low mark is
the temperature
3. Cap 4. align mark
higher than -16℃.
Even temperature is above freezing, in the purpose of lubricating and anticorrosion, coolant with 70%of
water and 30% of glycol is required.
Refer to chapter 2 VI- coolant quantity
Exhaust pipe and install components
Warming:
Don’t touches exhaust system when it is still heat, to avoid scalded. Any maintenance work should be
done after the exhaust system has cool down.
Inspection
When repair or other regular maintenance as following steps,
inspect exhaust system firstly.
·Check whether there are damages or wears on rubber components.
·Check whether there are leakages, joints loose, dimple and
damage in exhaust system.
If the bolt or nut is loose, it should be lighted enough under
technical requirements.
· Check that if there are any damage or dislocation with bad
elements near the exhaust system, or something may result in the
emission of smoke into the slit vehicles, holes, loose joints or other damage.
· Ensure there are enough space between exhaust system components and body soleplate, to avoid floor carpeting
because of overheating.
· If there are any damage in components, should be repaired immediately.
2、 Exhaust pollution control systems
Crankcase ventilation tube and joints
Check
Check whether crankcase ventilation tubes contain leak and cracks, any damages should be repaired or replaced.
Check and ensure the hose joints remain fastened.
Crankcase ventilation valve
1) Continued to cast cylinder head of the crankcase ventilation valve, and then
plug the hole and stuffed it into his cast cylinder head.
2) Idle running engine
3) Put hand on the end of the crankcase ventilation valve control switch to
check whether there are any vacuum. If there is no vacuum, it should check
valve plug. If necessary, change it. 1. Crankcase ventilation valve
4) Checking the vacuum, stop running the engine, removed the crankcase
ventilation valve. Shake this valve, listen if there’s any “Ka Ta” voice from the valve needle.
5) After the inspection, remove the stopper, and then install the crankcase ventilation valve.

Fuel evaporation pollutant control system

1)Check hoses whether there any defects, cracks or excessive
bending. Check whether the tube is damaged and the location is
appropriate.
2) Any damage should be repaired or replaced.
3) Check evaporation containers, as per chapter 3 section
6.Inspect evaporation containers in vehicle maintenance steps.
3、Electrical system
Harness and joints
Check
1) Visually check all engine components whether there are any signs of
damage. Check the insulation (crank), all clamps should be tightened.
2) Replace all damaged and bad harness.
4、Ignition system
Spark plug
Replacement
1) Remove the dust on the cylinder head around spark plug.
2) Cut the high damping line of spark plugs. Note you only can pull the spark plugs cover.
3) Use spark plug wrench, loosen spark plugs and then remove it.
4) Install new spark plugs 1. Pressure resistance; 2: Cap
Notes:
Ensure the new spark plugs comply with the required heating degree and size.
6) Tighten torque spark plugs.
Tighten the spark plug with the rated tightening torque:
Tightening torque：15N·m（465） 23－28N·m（474）
7) While connecting the spark plug high damping lines, please don’t push the
high-voltage wire, just push the shield.
Ignition system circuit (high damping line)
Check 1. High voltage damping
Check whether there’re cracks of the high damping line and the resistance of the line;
2. OHMmeter
joints; Resistance data and the measurement steps as per section 7 in chapter 3.
Changed when it’s damaged.
Notice:
Do inspection to ensure that every high damping line and resistance are already firmly connected, and insert
into the complementary components totally. Change every burnout joint.
1) Disconnect the damping line and the ignition coil.
2) Link with new damping line and clip it tightly. Don’t pull the damping line joint but only pull the cover.
Ignition time
Check
Use fault decoder to check and be sure whether the ignition time is appropriate while it is rotating. If it can not
meet the requirement, please check the valve timing or electronic control system.
5．Fuel
Engine idle speed and exhaust gas mixture
Check
Check engine idle speed and exhaust gas mixture. Adjust it when it’s necessary. Detail requirements for checking
idle speed/ gas mixture please as per chapter 3.
Fuel tank cover 1. Fuel filling up cap
Inspection 2. Bush
Measure the gasket of fuel case, please change it if damaged.
Caution:
The new cover should be the same in order to avoid
working inappropriately.
Air filter core 1.Air filter outer cover
Replacement 2.Clamp
Caution:
Under dusty conditions, change it more frequently. Ask the local service providers for more details
about the change of the core. Please as per section 5 in chapter 3 for the steps of the changing the air
cleaner core.
Check and cleanness
1) Visually check air filter whether it is over dirty, damaged or contains too much oil.
2) Clean filter core through the air filter by compressing the air.
Notice:
If the car is driving on dusty road very often, clean or replace the filter every 2,500 kms.
Fuel filter

1. Fuel pump; 5. Drain out valve

2. Fuel pump filter; 6.Two-way single valve
3. Fuel filter; 7. Fuel disconnecting valve
Replacement 4. Fuel ruler 8. Fuel pump assy
Warning:
Keep off from fire when changing the fuel filter and in a place with good ventilation.
Fuel filter is above the fuel tank, including the fuel pump assembly.
Change fuel filter interval. Refer to chapter three for detail knock down and installment.
Fuel pipe and fuel case
Check
Check if there’s any leakage, crack, or damage of the fuel tank, fuel pipes, and
connectors, make sure that all clips are tightly fixed.

Replace the connectors when it’s leaking. Also change when there’re
cracks or damages.
6．Arrester
Brake disc and pad (front)
Check
1) Discharge the wheel and caliper, but do not take away brake pipe from
the caliper.
2) Change the brake disc and its gasket when it is over damaged (details
please as per chapter 6). Tightening torque of caliper’s bolt should meet
the technical requirements.
Notice:
When tramp the brake pedal, check the brake pad friction spacer
if there’s noise with the arrester. If over damaged and worn, should
change the right and the left brake pad together.
Brake drum and brake shoe(rear)
Check
1) Remove tire and brake drum.
2) Check rear brake drum whether it is over damaged and worn. And check
the leaking problem of brake cylinder while removing the tire and brake
drum. Change it when it’s necessary (as per chapter 6).
Brake tube and oil tube
Check
Do the checking under the enough bright light. Use checking mirror
necessarily. Check the brake tube and oil tube whether
appropriate or not. Change it when it is leaking, cracking,
blocking, wearing, eroding, bending, torturing and some other
damage. Please change it when necessary.
Caution:
After changing the brake tube and oil tube, please exhaust
the air.
Brake liquid 1. Liquid storing kettle
2. Cap of the kettle
Inspection
1) Repair brake pump and oil tank when they are found leaking.
2) Inspect the oil level
If the oil level is below the minimum storage mark, it should be re-added with required brake liquid.
Brake liquid: Refer to the liquid kettle cover.
Details please as per chapter 6 “cars maintenance”
Caution:
Since the car has been added with brake oil before delivered, and marked on the liquid storing kettle cover,
when you add again, please use the same kind of brake oil, or it may arouse seriously damage.
 The oil which is out of date, used or not served in the unsealed container is not allowed.
Replacement
Change the oil as per the following requirements.
Drain out all the oil of the brake system and add the oil recommended above, then exhaust the air.
The air exhaust process refers to chapter 6.
Brake pedal
Inspection
Check the stroke of the brake pedal.
Checking process refers to chapter 6 “brake pedal stroke inspection”.
Brake handle and cable
Inspection
. Check the teeth top of the brake handle is whether injured or abraded. If it is,
you should change the stop brake handle.
. Check the operation and stroke of stop brake handle is correct or not. Adjust it if it needs.
The processes of checking and adjusting refer to chapter 5 “stop brake check and adjust”.
“a”: the stroke of stop brake handle.
4-7 teeth(under 20kg pull power).

7. Chassis and body

Clutch
Inspection
Check the free stroke of the clutch pedal. The processes of checking and
adjusting refer to unit 2 of chapter 6.
“a” free stroke of pedal
10—15mm 1. Clutch pedal
Tire
Inspection
1) Check whether the tire is worn or damaged too much. If it is,
change it.
2) Check the inflating pressure and adjust the pressure according to the
technical requirement when it is needed.
Caution:
. The tire inflating pressure checking should be after the tire is cooled
down.
. Find out the specified tire inflating pressure in the complementary logo of
tire inflating pressure or operation handbook.
Change tires in turn 1. Front tire
2. Rear tire
Details please refer to section 3 of chapter 4. 3. Spare tire
Tire 1. worn sign

Check the spoke of wheel rim

Check whether there is pressed mark, distortion and crackle on the
wheel. If the rotary table seriously destroyed, it needs to change.
Inspection of wheel bearing
1) Check the front wheel bearing to see whether it is abraded, damaged
or has abnormal noise or Kata noise. Details as per section 1 in
Chapter 4 “front suspension inspection”.
2) Check the rear wheel bearing to see whether it is abraded, damaged or has abnormal noise or Kata noise. Detail
as per section 1 in Chapter 4 “rear suspension inspection”.
Wheel nut
Check the wheel nut is tight or not. If not, tighten it according to the specified torque.
Suspension

1. Supporting pole 1.Dust-proof sealing gasket

2.Suspending arm
Inspection
. Check the front/rear shocker absorber to see whether it has leakage of oil, pressed marks or other damages of the
bush. And check it to see whether it has damages, if yes, change them.
. Check the front/rear suspension to see whether it has damages, loosed or missing parts and check whether the
parts is abraded or not well lubricated. If yes, maintain or change it.
. Check the front boll end sealing washer to see whether it leaks, looses, cracks or has other damages. If it has,
change it.
. Check the front suspension nut and bolt to see whether they are tight. If needed, tight them again, and if there is
damaged parts, maintain or change it.
Propeller shaft
Inspection
1) Check the propeller shaft and universal joint and the spline to
see whether they have Kata noise. If there is, change the
damaged parts.
2) Check the propeller shaft flange nut and bolt is tight or not. If
needed, tighten again.
Tightening torque
(a): 50N.m
Replacement
1) Balance the car. Take away the oil drain-out plug, drain out the oil.
2) Smear the oil drainer with sealing mucilage then tighten the oil drainer according to the specified torque.
3) Add the specified oil to the oil hole.
4) Tighten the oil filler plug. The recommended oil, oil quantity, and tighten torque refer to unit 1 “cars
maintenance” of chapter 3.
Check
1) Check differential gear shell whether there’s leaking information, if yes, please repair it.
2) When inspecting the oil level, the vehicle should be laid down in smooth place.
3) While removing the oil level line plug of differential gear, you
can check the oil level through the plug hole.
When removing the fuel level line plug , if oil outflows from
the hole or the oil level is equal to the hole, the oil level is ok.
 If found the oil level is not enough, filling up with the stipulate oil to the hole.
Oil requirements, see Chapter V "car maintenance", which shows the replacement.
3) Tighten the oil Cypriot as regulated.
1. Oil drain-out plug
Replacement 2. Oil filter/oil level line plug
1) Balance the car. Take away the oil drain-out plug, drain out the oil.
2) Smear the oil drainer with sealing mucilage then tighten the oil drainer according to the
specified torque.
3) Add the specified oil to the oil hole.
4) Tighten the oil filler plug. The recommended oil, oil quantity, and tighten torque refer to
unit 1 “cars maintenance” of chapter 3.
Steering system

Check

1) The vehicle should be drove in a straight line. Then check

whether the clearance of the steering wheel is proper, and
whether there’s Kata noise. Clearance of the steering wheel “a”:
0-30mm

2) Check whether the bolts and nuts are tightened. When necessary, re-tighten it. For damage parts, repair or
replacement is needed.
3) Check whether the steering pole is loosen or damaged, for damaged parts, repair or replacement is needed.
4) Examine whether the steering pole shield and gear
box cover are damaged,(leakage, tear, etc.). If
defects are found, new cover replacement is required.
5) Check the universal joints for the sound card, if
there is kata sound and damages, replacement is
required
6) Check whether the steering wheel can turn around easily. If
turning badly, repair or replacement is needed.
7) Check whether the bolts and nuts are tightened. When
necessary, it should be tightened enough. For damages, repair
or replacement is needed; see Chapter V "Tightening torque 1. Dust cover of steering cover
technical requirements." 2. Steering gear box cover
3. Universal joint
8) Check whether the steering wheel has been
calibrated.
Notice:
A detailed description of calibration of the steering wheel is in the Chapter V "makes
calibration."
All latches, locks and hinges
Check
Check whether the front doors and back doors can be opened and closed easily or not, whether the lock can be
locked solidly. See Chapter 9. Sliding doors’ lubrication.
 For example: Front door

Gearshift lever and axial

Check
Check whether the rod gearshift control lever is flexible, and noise.

If the operation of the lever is difficult, please lubricate it according to the following
requirements.
Use chassis control rod with waterproof grease for lubrication of bearings and shaft sleeve.
8．Final check
Warning
For road tests, in order to avoid any incidents, please choose road with no passerby and
vehicles.
Doors
Check whether all the doors can be opened and closed easily or not, whether the lock can be locked solidly.
Seats
Checks whether the seat backrest adjustment devices could be locked at any angle.
Safety belt
Check the safety belt (include reinforced plate, agraffe and fixing device) to see whether it is broken or tore.
Check the safe belt to see whether it can be locked tightly.
Check the level of electrolyte in battery.
Check whether all units’ electrolyte level in battery is between the highest and lowest mark. If the battery
have inside indicators, we can check the state of the battery through indicators.
Operation of the accelerating pedal
Check whether the accelerating pedal is flexible, and make sure it is not locked or interfered with other parts.
Start-up the engine
Check the condition of starting the engine
Warning:
Before checking the following items, there must be enough room to ensure stopping braking and pedal
braking. Do not trample the accelerating pedal. If the engine started, should switch off the ignition devices
immediately. Adopting these preventive measures is to avoid injury or property damage.
 Shift gearlever to “N” gear; trample the clutch half to get ready to start. Only when the clutch is trampled to
the bottom can we start the engine.
Check the exhaust system
Check whether the exhaust system is leaking, cracking or loosening.
Clutch
Check the following conditions:
· When we step the clutch pedal, the clutch must be set free completely.
· When we loosen the pedal and speed up, the clutch will not slide.
· The clutch do not exist any abnormal phenomenon.
Gear shift or selecting lever (transmission)
Check whether the gear shift or selecting lever is flexible in all position, and the shift is working well in any
position.
Arrester
Foot brake
Check the following items:
Whether the stroke of braking pedal is properly
Whether the brake is working well
Whether there is noise
Whether the brake power of the wheels is symmetrically
Whether the brake can be re-posited.
Parking brake
Check whether the driving miles of braking pole is proper.
Warning:
When the car stops on the steep road, should ensure that there is nothing in front of the car in case of injury
or property damage. Even if the car starts moving, the car still can realize braking immediately.
When the car stops at a safe steep road, and if the brake pole is pulled completely, we should ensure that the
braking is effective.
Steering
· Check the stability of the steering wheel and make sure that there is no instability or the feeling of
abnormal heavy.
· Check the car to see whether it swings or slants.
Engine
· Check the engine to see whether it runs normally at any circumstance.
· Check the engine to make sure that there is no abnormal noise or shaking.
Body, wheel and power transmission system
Check the body, wheel and power transmission system to ensure that there is no abnormal noise, shaking or
any other circumstance.
Measuring instrument
Check whether the odometer, speed meter, fuel gauge and temperature meter work well.
Lamps
Check whether all the lamps are working well.
Windscreen defogger
When the air condition is working, we should check the exhausted air from the defogger terminally.
When checking, we should turn the switch of the fan to “HI” position.
 Chapter 3 Engine Fuel Injection System
Section I Brief Introduction of Development of Engine Fuel
Injection and Electronic Control System
Question appeared
With the quick development of the automobile industry, the crisis of energy sources and exhaust pollution
become serious day by day. Now the countries all over the world pay much attention to this, especially in the
United States where the autos is widely used, the United States parliament has passed a decision of ‘Zero
Pollution of Automobile Exhaust’ though they knew it is very difficult and even impossible, and if they don’t do
so, the human cannot survive on the earth as the quantity of the autos is greatly increasing which enable the great
transformation on the structure of the autos on the existing basis and to manufacture the ‘green’ autos without
pollution, and so the fuel injection electronic control autos , the solar energy autos and electric autos appear.
Shortcomings of Carburetor Engine
(1) The adjustment of the mixture concentration is not precise, and it lags in the demand of the engine. The
adjustment of thickness inside the carburetor is that when the working condition changes, adjust it by manually
control mechanical type which cause the precision being limited and lagged in the actual demand.
(2) The quality of the mixture is not good, especially when the rotating speed varies or is at low speed, the
mixture is in disproportion which causes the inadequacy combustion.
(3) The pollution of the exhaust is badly serious. The exhaust pollution is badly serious under the condition
that the idle speed and the working condition changes, this is the deadly shortcoming of carburetor and also the
important reason that it is limited to use.
(4) The vibration is intense and it is easy to be flameout.
(5) The working condition is affected by the posture of engine.
Advantages of Fuel Injection Electronic Control
(1) The metering is precise, spot-injection uniformly, keep the air-fuel ratio in a good state.
(2) Three “NO” bring three ”GOOD”: No throat resistance and intake preheating influence, but charging
efficiency is good; No flow loss and influence of reverse and air change, but burning condition is good; No
influence of poor atomization and misdistribution , but the thermal efficiency is good.
(3) Get a good power performance, economic performance and decontamination effect. The power can
improve by 15%~20%, fuel consumption can reduce by 1% to 5%, exhaust pollution decrease obviously, CO<1
％，HC<100×10-6”, peak torque improve by 5%~7%, accelerating time can decrease by 20%.
(4) Improve the operational performance: it will improve the cold starting performance, heating start
performance, transition performance, the anxious acceleration anti-pollution performance, the load
self-modulation performance and prevent the extinguishment characteristics and so on.
(5) Expand the control function, increase the diagnosis function. Because the computer (ECU) is used to
control, can cover the ignition, the fuel injection, the automatic transmission, ABS braking system, the cruise
system, the air-conditioning system, the automobile body highly self-modulation system, the suspension fork
rigidity non-linear self-modulation system, the security alarm system and so on, because having the storage and
memory ability, it has self-examined function and the fault assurance function..
(6) Reduce the failure rate of pipeline and circuit. As the important component is the computer, the failure
rate of 100000km is only 1/1000; and also more control parts, little move parts, so the wearing parts is little and
failure ratio decreases obviously.
Brief History for Development of Fuel Injection Electronic Control
The gasoline jet type engine appeared in 1930, and was installed on the military airplane engine. At that time
the main purpose was to prevent the carburetor from icing up while in the upper air or in cold season, and it was
easy to affect the normal working of the carburetor when flying position changes.
 In 1950, the gasoline jet type engine was installed on the racing car by Benz Company German.
In 1952, Germany Benz company pushed out the 300BL gasoline jet type engine, which adopts direct
injection system inside the combustion chamber produced by ‘Bosch Company’ that is similar to diesel injection
system.
In 1958, Germany Benz Company developed 220SE gasoline jet type engine, which changed the injection
inside the combustion chamber into spray in the air tube, greatly extended the air mixing time of gasoline and air.
In 1961, American BENDIX company have firstly invented the gasoline injection system controlled by
computer (change the machinery control of gasoline injection into electronic control to make it be more precise
and energy conservation, less pollution), this patent has been bought by the German Bosch company once it was
invented and to be improved and developed by Bosch gradually. .
Year 1967,pushed out D type fuel injection system, namely intake manifold pressure measure type fuel
injection system, it sends absolute pressure of intake manifold and rotate speed of engine signals into computer,
computer calculate inflation capacity, produce corresponding fuel injection pulse width, control the fuel injector
injecting precise quantity of fuel. Continue improving and developing ,pushed out L type fuel injection system,
directly calculate out air capacity which entered intake manifold based on air fule capacity, and transfer the air
capacity into electrical signal ,sending to computer, computer get the relevant fuel injection capacity , in order to
control air-fuel delivery ratio in a best value.
When entering the period of 1,980 -1990, the European countries, American, Japan and other countries
started to fully develop the single-point injection technology, multiple-point injection technology and digital
injection technology, and the intelligentization and the electric control of the autos have become the inevitable
trend for the development of the autos. There will be ae significant technological breakthrough and leap in this
aspect.

Section II Fuel Injection Electronic System of Engine

Makeup
The electric injection system of engine for ‘Dongfeng Star’ series mini vans adopts the digital electric
computer control system of BOSCH Company & DELPH Company from Germany, which can control the
ignition system and injection system at the same time.
The injection system for this engine is a system of multiple-point injection system, and every cylinder has its
separate nozzle to supply oil, the ignition and oil supply are matched precisely which are influenced by each other
but work together to guarantee the engine to well operate under any situation and also the exhaust has been strictly
controlled not to exceed the regulated standard.
The injection and the ignition share one computer, every sensor signal collected by the computer is used by
injection and ignition simultaneously which can help to lessen the complexity of the structure while making the
date precise.
This computer is equipped with the breakdown insurance function, namely in lacks certain sensor
information time, this system may use in advance in the procedure reserve value to replace, causes the engine not
to send in the engine off.
The layout of the fuel injection electric control system is shown as the chart below:
General Instruction for the Performance of BOSCH electric Injection System
The control functions of BOSCH electric injection system include: starting control, heat control of warm-up
& three-way catalyze, idle speed control, evaporation exhaust control, knock control and λ closed loop control etc.
Section III Structure, Working Principle and Failure Analysis of Spare Parts

Note:
1. Intake Pressure & Temperature Sensor
 1) Brief Chart & Stitch
Function: The intake manifold pressure is related to the opening of the throttle, which reflects the size of the
engine loading, so it can be considered as information of Since
the intake temperature has
some effect on the quality
of the intake air, the intake
air temperature should be
measured so as to correct
the air intake volume.

Stitch：No.1 Grounding
No 2 Output Temperature Signal
No 3 connected to 5V
No 4 Output Pressure Signal
2）Working Principle
The absolute pressure sensing element of intake manifold is made up of a piece of silicon chip. And a piece
Value
Scope Unit
Min Model Max
Pressure Measuring Scope 20 115 kPa

Operational Temperature -40 125 ℃

Operational Power Supply
4.5 5.0 5.5 V
Voltage
Electric Current while Us=5.0V 6.0 9.0 12.5 mA

Load Current of Output Circuit -0.1 0.1 mA

Load Resistance 50 kΩ
of pressure film was etched from the silicon chip. There are four piezoelectricity resistance on the pressure film,
which will compose a Wheatstone bridge as strain element. Except the pressure film, there is also an integrated
signal processing circuit on the silicon chip. Silicon chip and metal shell buildup a close reference space, absolute
pressure inside the reference space is close to zero. This forms a micro electricity machine system. Activity
surface of silicon chip endure a pressure close to zero, its back endure a intake manifold absolute pressure(not test
yet) which pulled into by a hose. Thickness of silicon chip only few microns, the change of absolute pressure of
intake manifold will make silicon chip get mechanical deformation, 4 voltage resistance units also change shape,
its resistances change. After process of signal processing circuit of silicon chip ,get the pressure signal with a
linear relation to pressure.
The inlet temperature sensing element is a resistance of negative temperature coefficient (NTC), and the
resistance varies with the inlet temperature, the sensor will feed the controller a voltage shown the change of the
inlet temperature.
3) Technical Specification
Technical Specification of Intake Pressure Sensor
Operational Temperature：—40／+125OC
4) Reason for General Failure:
1、There is abnormal high voltage or reverse big electric current in the course of working.
2、The vacuum component is damaged in the course of maintaining.
Maintenance Notice：
1、 It is prohibited to use high voltage gas to impact the vacuum component while maintaining.
2、 Attention on whether output pressure and electricity is normal when replacing sensor after finding
failure.
3、Do not damage the O seal ring.
Brief Measure Method：
Temperature Sensor Part：(Discharge the tie-in) Make the digital multimeter on the ohm gear, and the two
meter pen meet the stitch of sensor 1# and 2# separately, and rating resistance at 20oC is 2.5kΩ 土 5％. The
simulation method can also be adopted while measuring, the detail process is: blow the wind to the sensor by
electric drier (Note: Do not keep them too close with each other), observe the change of the sensor resistance, and
this time the resistance value will drop.
Pressure Sensor Part：Make the digital multimeter on the direct current voltage gear, the black meter pen
earths, and the red meter pen connects with No 3# & 4# separately. The referring voltage on the 3# stitch should
be 5v and the voltage on the 4# stitch should be 1.3v while at idle speed (the exact value is related to the vehicle
model.); open the throttle slowly while with zero load, the voltage on the pliers stitch will not change a lot, then
open the throttle quickly and the voltage on the 4# stitch will immediately reach to 4v and then fall to 1.5v.
2．Throttle Position Sensor
1) Brief Chart & Stitch

Stitch: The form when the air throttle opens anticlockwise: No 1 earth, No 2 connected to power supply 5v,
and No 3 outputs the signal.
The form when the air throttle opens clockwise: No 1 connects power supply 5v, No 2 earth, and No 3
outputs the signal.
2) Working Principle
This sensor has the linear output angle sensor, which is made up of two arc slide resistances and two slide
arms. The revolve shaft of slide arm is connect with the throttle axle in the same axes. Both ends of slide
resistance will connect with 5V electrical source. When the throttle valve rotate, the slide arm will turning along
with it and move on the slide resistance meanwhile, and educe the UP at the contact point as output voltage,
therefore, it works as corner potentionmeter, and a voltage signal by the proportion of protentionmeter output and
throttle position.
3）Technical Specification
Fault Symptom & Judgment Method

Value
Scope Unit
least typical most

resistance(stitch 1-2) 1.6 2.0 2.4 kΩ

slide arm protect resistance
710 1380 Ω
(sldie arm in the zero,stitch 2-3)
running temperature －40 130 ℃

voltage of power 5 V
the voltage ratio of right electrode end
0.04 0.093 Up/Us
position
the voltage ratio of left electrode end
0.873 0.960 Up/Us
position
Fault Symptom: Poor Acceleration
General Reason: Human-made fault
维修注意事项：Maintenance Notice: Pay attention to the installation position.
Brief Measurement Method：
(Demount the tie-in) make the digital multimeter on the ohm gear, two tips connect with stitch 1#,2#of sensor
separately, under normal temperature the resistance is 2kΩ 土 20%. Tow tips connect with stitch 1#,3# separately,
rotate throttle, its resistance change in a linear relation way while opening throttle, but the stitch 2#,3# in a
opposite situation.
Note: pay attention to the resistance value to see if there is a bigger leap while observing the change of
resistance value.
3．Knock meter
1）Brief Charge & Stitch

2）Working Principle
The knock sensor is an accelerator sensor by vibration, which is installed on the cylinder body of the engine.
One knock sensor or more than one knock sensor can be installed on the cylinder block. The sensitive element of
the sensor is a piezoelectricity element. The vibration will pass to the piezoelectric crystal through the quality
block inside the sensor. Because of the pressure caused by the vibration of the quality block, the piezoelectric
crystal will produce voltage on the two polar faces and convert the vibration signal into alternating voltage signal
to output. Because the frequency of the vibration signal caused by the engine knock is much higher than the
normal vibration signal, the ECU can distinguish the knock signal or no-knock signal after processing.
3）Technical Specification
4） Fault Symptom & Judgment
 Scope vlaue unit
sensitivity of new sensor to the 5kHz signal 26±8 mV／g

the linearity between 3 to 15kHz 5kHz±15％

the linearity of resonance 15-39 mV／g

resistance >1 MΩ

impedance capacitance 1200±400 pF

cable capacitance 280±60 pF／m

resistance leakage
the resistance between two output stitches of 4.8+15％ MΩ
sensor)

the sensitivity change aroused by temperature ≤-0.06 mV／goK

Fault Symptom: poor acceleration etc.

General Reason: The liquid, like engine oil, coolant, brake liquid, water and so on will erode the sensor when
contacting the sensor for a long time.
Maintenance Notice：
There is one hole in the knock sensor, which is screwed down to the cylinder body by a M8 bolt. Bolt of
30mm is needed for aluminum alloy cylinder body and that of 25mm is for cast iron cylinder body and the
tightening torque is 20±5N·m. The installation position should make the sensor easily receive the knock signal
from all cylinders. The best installation position should be got by analyzing the engine body mode. Usually, the
knock sensor is fitted between the second cylinder and the third cylinder for four cylinder engines and fitted in the
centre of the second cylinder for three cylinder engines. Be noted that don’t make the liquid like engine oil,
coolant, brake liquid and water etc get to the sensor. Any type of gasket is not allowable while fitting. The metal
side of the sensor should be clung to the cylinder body. Don’t make the signal cables resonate while layout them
to prevent break. And avoid high pressure electricity being got through between stitch 1 and stitch 2 which may
cause the electric component broken.
Brief Measure Method：
(Remove the tie-in) make the digital multimeter in ohm gear, the two should be connected to stitch 1,2
and stitch 3,4, the resistance value under normal temperature should be more than 1MΩ; and make the digital
multimeter to millivolt gear, and slightly knock around the knock sensor by hammer and there should be voltage
sending off.
4．Oxygen Sensor
Function: test consistency of mixed air. Keep the mixed air working at λ＝1 area when λ closed-loop control. It
has two types: one is titanium dioxide type( resistance type);
one is zirconium dioxide type( generate power type). Two
kind of engine in this book both are the second type.
Function: Test the concentration of the mixed gas.
1）Brief Drawing& Stitches
Stitches ：1.2—heating resistance input
3,4 oxygen sensor output.
2）Working Principle
The sensing head of oxygen sensor is a kind of earthenware conduit with hole, outside conduit surrounded by
emission air, inside circulate atmosphere . the wall of earthenware conduit is zirconium dioxide, electrical heating
pipe inside.
The work of oxygen sensor is to transfer the difference of oxygen ion concentration between inside and
outside of earthenware. When the temperature of earthenware conduit reach 350OC, it will the characteristic of
solid state electrolyte, let the oxygen ion concentration get through earthenware freely. Using this characteristic,
transfer concentration difference into electric potential difference, get the electrical signal output. If the mix air
concentration is high, then the between inside and outside of earthenware conduit, oxygen ion concentration
difference is high, electric potential difference is high, quantity oxygen ion concentration move out from inside,
output voltage is high( close to 800mV-1000mV);,if the mixed air concentration is low, just little oxygen ion
concentration move out, output voltage is low (close to 100mV). Signal voltage occur mutation at the theory
air/fuel ration(λ=1)
3)Technical Specification

Scope Value Unit

Room Temperature， ≥30 MΩ

The insulation resistance
between the heating
Exhaust Temperature ≥10 MΩ
component of new oxygen
sensor and sensor tie-in 850℃
≥100 kΩ
Exhaust Temperature

Rating Voltage 12 V

Continuous Working Voltage 12-14 V

Electric source &Voltage Maintain 1% of total life working voltage

15 V
on plug most(emission temperature≤850℃)
Maintain working voltage for 75 seconds
24 V
most(emission temperature ≤350℃)
Test voltage 13 V

13V,reach heat power of heat balance

12 W
(emission temperature 350℃, emission flue speed 0.7m/s)

working voltage 13V,reach heat power of heat balance

5 A
(emission temperature 350℃.emission fule speed 0.7m/s)

blown fuse of heating circuit 8 A

4) Fault Symptom＆Judgment
Fault Symptom: Poor idle speed, off gas over standard and big fuel
consumption etc
Reasons：
1、Steam into sensor causing abrupt change of temperature and the
probe breaks. Oxygen
2, (Pb，S，Br，Si) sensor
Oxygen sensor”poisoning” (Pb,S,Br,Si)
Notice: Do not use cleaning liquid, nctuous liquid and volatile solid
on the oxygen sensor.
Brief Measure Method：
1、(Remove the tie-in) make the digital multimeter in ohm gear, Exhast
the two should be connected to stitch 1,2 and stitch 3,4, the pipe
resistance value under normal temperature should be 1~6Ω;
2、(Connect the tie-in)make the digital multimeter in DC volt gear
under idle speed when the working temperature of oxygen sensor is 350℃, the two connect stitches of sensor
3#(grey) & 4#(black), then the voltage should quickly fluctuate between 0.1-0.9V.
5．Rotating Speed &Crankshaft Position Sensor
1) Brief Drawing & Stitch
2) Working Principle
The inductive rotate speed sensor works in with the
oscillator to offer the information of the engine rotate
speed and top dead center of crankshaft. The inductive
type of rotate speed sensor is composed of a permanent
magnet and its outside loop. The oscillator is a kind of
fluted disc, it should have 58 teeth but two of which is
vacant. The oscillator is fitted on the crankshaft and
moving around along with the crankshaft. When tooth
cusp pass the ends of induction type rotate speed sensor
closely, pulse wheel made of ferromagnetic material is
cutting magnetic line of force of permanent magnet
inside the induction type rotate speed sensor. Produce induced voltage in the coil, as the rotate speed signal be
output.
3) Technical Specification
4) Notice
The inductive type of rotate speed sensor is fitted by pressing down not by hammer. Should use partly sealed
bolt M6×12 fasten induction type rotate speed sensor. Screw down torsional moment 8±2N·m.
Air gap between induction type rotate speed sensor and pulse wheel tooth cusp: 0.8 to 1.2m . size d(see the
following picture): 4.7mm.
5）Fault Symptom＆Judgment
Fault Symptom
Reasons：1．Human-made Fault
2．The alnico demagnetized by working long time under high temperature.
Notice: It is by pressing not by hitting while maintaining.
Easily Measure Method：
1、(Discharge the tie-in) make the digital multimeter in ohm gear, the two meter pens should be connected
to stitch 2 and stitch 3, the resistance value under 20℃should be 860Ω 土 10％.
2、(Contact tie-in) make the digital multimeter in A/C voltage gear, the two needles should be connected to
stitch 2 0and stitch 30, then start the engine, there will be voltage output. (Advice: check by oscillograph)
6．Phase Sensor
The phase sensor is to check the sensor of engine timing phase which is usually got by checking the turning
angle of the position of the camshaft.
1）Brief Drawing & Stitch

Stitch: mark”1” as connect earth; mark”2” as signal output; mark “3” as connect power positive.
2）Working Principle
The sensor takes advantage of the Hall Principle, and the Hall Voltage is influenced by the changed magnetic

Value
Scope Unit
Min typical Max

Resistance under 200C 774 860 946 Ω

Inductance 310 370 430 mH

Output voltage while crankshaft 416rpm >1650 mV

induction intensity.
Hall Sensor Principle
When the electricity current Is pass through a semiconductor flake, on the way of voltaic dextral will produce
Hall voltage UH, its value with magnetic field induction B(vertical to current Is) and current Is is directly
proportional.
3）Technical Specification
4）Fault Symptom & Judgment
Fault Symptom：the exhaust is beyond the standard and the fuel consumption increases etc.
Reason: man-made malfunction
Easy Measure Method: (Connect the tie-in) Start the ignition switch but not the engine, put the digital multi
meter to the direct voltage gear, two tips connect with stitch 3#,1# of sensor, insure it has reference voltage
12V. Start the engine, the signal of stitch 2# can be tested by vehicle oscilloscope, whether it work in normal.
7. Electron control unit
1）outline picture and disposal position
2）·multiple points injection
·Control Ignition
·Idle speed control
·Knock control
·5V／100mA supply power for sensor : 5v/100mA
closed-loop control, with self-adapting.
·Control the control valve of canister
·A/C switch

Value
Scope Unit
Min typical Max

Setting Clearance 0. 5 1.8 mm

Voltage Supplied 4.5 24 V

·Engine fault indicator lamp

·fuel fixed amount correction
· Output of the engine rotating speed signal
·Input of the speed signal
·Fault self-Diagnosis
·Receive the engine load signal
3）
Stitch Connecting Point Type Stitch Connecting Point Type
AC temperature
1（J1-D5） Oxygen Sensor Heating output 42(J1-D6) input
sensor
2(J1-D14) Ignition Coil 2 output 43

3(J1-C7) Power earth 2 earth 44 not continuing power input

4 45 input

5(J1-C14) Ignition Coil 1 output 46(J2-A13) canister solenoid valve out put
Oil Nozzle 4 oil injection nozzle
6(J1-C6) output 47(J1-C4) output
(2nd cylinder) 3( the forth cylinder)
7(J1-C6) Oil Nozzle 4 output 48
 (3rd cylinder)

8 49
9(J2-B8) to guard against theft output 50(J1-A11) fan control 1 output

10 51(J2-B1) electrical 2 earth

11 52

12(J1-C5) continuing power input 53(J1-D16) electrical 1 earth

13(J1-C16) ignition switch input 54

14 main relay output 55

rotate speed sensor of
15(J2-B14) input 56
engine A
switch of air condition
16(J1-D5) throttle position sensor input 57 input
compressor
17(J1-D15) sensor 1 earth 58

18(J1-C9) oxygen sensor input 59(J1-D10) signal of vehicle speed input

19 shock sensor A input 60

20 shock sensor B input 61(J1-D7) power earth 1 earth

21 62

22 63 not continuing power input

23 64(J2-A1) phase of step motor D output

24 65(J2-A3) phase of step motor A output

25 66(J2-A4) phase of step motor B output

26 67(J2-A2) phase of step C output

oil injection nozzle 1 (the
27(J1-C4) out put 68
first cylinder)
28 69(J2-A12) fuel pump relay output

29 test lamp output 70 output

30 71(J1-D11) diagnosis K line output, input

31 72

32(J2-B3) 5V power 2 output 73

33(J1-D8) 5v power 1 output 74

rotate speed sensor of
34(J2-B13) input 75(J2-A8) AC switch input
engine
 35 Sensor earth 3 earth 76(J2-A8) blower switch input

36 sensor earth 2 earth 77 headlight switch input

Intake air pressure

37 input 78
Sensor

38 79 phase sensor input

39（J2-B3） Engine Coolant Sensor input 80

Intake air temperature

40(J2-B4) input 81
sensor

4）Technical Specification

value
Scope unit
least typical most
normal
9.0 16.0 V
voltage of battery running
finity funtion 6.0-9.0 16.0-18.0 V
keep part of functions, can do failure
endure storage 26.0V 60 S
diagnosis
battery over
insure start function, can do failure
voltage and time 13.0V 60 S
diagnosis
working temperature 一 40 +70 ℃

storage temperature —40 +90 ℃

5) Notice
Attention on static defend during installing, don’t touch interface of ECU by hands.
Attention on the protection of plug and stitch.
6) Fault Symptom & Judgment
Failure symptom: idle speed not steady, acceleration not good, idle speed over high, tail gas over proof, start
difficult, air condition failure, fuel injector lose control, flameout and so on.
Reasons：
1、Because of the overload of external connection apparatus lead the burning of parts inside ECU , and failure.
2. Circuit board tarnishing because of ECU get water inside.
Notice：
L、Do not discharge the ECU randomly while maintaining.
2、First discharge the battery power supply, one minute later, discharge the ECU.
3、Store the ECU discharged.
4、Don’t install any circuit on the connection line of ECU
Brief Measure Method：
1、 (Plug the tie-in) Read the fault record of the engine by engine data K.
 2、 (Discharge the tie-in) Check if the ECU connecting wire is good; especially check the power supply of the
ECU and the earthing wire.
3、Check if the outer sensor works well, the output signal is reliable and the wire is ok.
4、Check if the actuator works well and the wire is ok?
5、Finally, replace the ECU to test.
Section III Fuel Supply System & Injection Mechanism
The structure of fuel supply system is as follows:

EQ465

Fuel Supply System Layout

1. Fuel Tank 2. Fuel Pump 3. Fuel Filter 4. Pressure Adjuster
5. Fuel Injector 6. Oil Pipe 7. Oil Return Pipe

The electric fuel pump that dipped into the fuel tank supplies fuel to the main fuel tube and fuel flows to the
distributor and pressure adjustor which guarantee the stable fuel pressure after passing through the fuel filter to
make sure the fuel injection mass will not be affected by the pressure and the fuel pump will supply fuel to the
injector consecutively and the surplus fuel will return to the fuel tank through return tube.
Electric Fuel Pump
1．Brief Figure & Stitch
 Electric Fuel Pump Circuit Diagram of EF
Stitch: The electric fuel pump has two stitches to connecting the fuel pump relay and there are “+”and “-”
carved on the fuel pump beside the two stitches showing to connect anode and cathode.
2．Working Principle
The electric fuel pump is composed of DC electromotor; vane pump & end cover (integration of check valve,
relief valve & anti-electromagnetic interference unit) etc:

1. End Cover, Fuel

Pump
2. Motor
3. Fuel Way
4. Leaf
5. One-way Valve
6. Connection-peg,
Electric Valve
7. Overflow Valve

Section Drawing, Electric Fuel Pump

The electric fuel pump has different flow according to demand of the engine.
Note: The electric fuel pumps of same structure adjust the rotate speed of engine by changing the turns
of the coil so as to rectify the flow. So don’t use one model of electric fuel pump to another model of vehicle.

3. Fault Symptom & Judgment Method

Fault Symptom: running with big noise, poor acceleration, incapable of start (hard start) etc.
General Reasons: usage of poor quality fuel which causing
1、the colloidal substance accumulated forming insulating layer
 2、the bushing of fuel pump and the armature locking
3、The abrasion of component of the oil face sensor
Notice for Maintenance：
1、The electric fuel pump has different flow according to the demand of the engine. The fuel pump with same
shape and which can fit well will not be the right one. The spare part number should be the same as the original
when maintaining, wrong one shall not be allowed.
2、Do not operate the fuel pump in dry state for protecting the fuel pump from being damaged accidentally.
3、When it is necessary to change the fuel pump, please pay attention to the clean of uel tank and the pipeline
and the replacement of fuel filter.
Brief Measurement Method:
1、(Discharge the tie-in) Put the digital multimeter to ohm gear and the two pens connect with two stitiches of
fuel pump separately, measure internal resistance, if the internal resistance not zero or infinite , namely its in a
short circuit or turnoff state.
2、(Contact tie-in) Contact the fuel pressure meter to the inlet pipe, start the engine to check if the fuel pump
works, if not, check the stitch “+”to see if there is voltage, or check the if the fuel pump relay is good; if the fuel
pump runs, check the fuel pressure to see if it is around 260kPa at idle speed; pull out the vacuum pipe of fuel
pressure adjustor and check if the fuel pressure is around 300kPa.
Injector
1. Brief Figure and Stitch

Electromagnetic Fuel Injector Circuit Diagram of Electromagnetic Fuel injector

Stitch: every injector has two stitches, and the one beside the case marked “+” will contact the No 87 stitch of
main relay output end and the other one will contact No 26、6、7、47 stitch separately.
2. Working Principle
The ECU sends out electrical pulse to the coil of injector forming the magnetic field force, when the force rises
to overcome the composite force of pressure of the return spring, gravity of needle valve and friction force, the
needle valve arises, and the fuel injection starts. When the injection pulse closes, the pressure of the return spring
will make the needle valve close. Cause pressure difference between diameter of spray hole, fuel pressure and
pressure of intake manifold is invariableness. So fuel spout capacity only rest with fuel spout pulse width.(namely
the electrify time of coil).
3. Technical Specification
Special fuel
The fuel injector can only use the fuel which meets the national standard of people republic of china
GBl7930-1999<<lead-free petrol for vehicle>> and national standard of environment protect GWKBl—1999
<<control standard of motor petrol hazardous substance>> stated fuel.
4. Fault Symptom & Judgment Method
Fault Symptom: poor idle speed, poor acceleration, incapable of start (hard start) etc
General Reasons: Due to lack of maintenance, the colloidal substance accumulated in the inner side of the
injector causes the injector cannot work any more.
Notice for Maintenance：
1.For easy installing, recommend paint non-silicic clean engine oil on the surface of “O” shaped cicule which
is connected with fule distribution pipeline. And be careful for not making the oil contaminated the fuel injector
and its finestra.
2. Put the oil atomizer into oil atomizer base in a vertical way, fix it by clip.
Note: a) oil atomizer clip has axial direction clip and diameter of axle clip, don’t use a wrong clip.
b)For the installing of axial direction oil atomizer clip, it must make sure the bayonet in the middle of
clip should be put in the neck totally, the neck both sides of clip should be clipped into the outer margin
roll of the oil atomizer base.
c)Meanwhile, axial direction and diameter of axle require using the axial/diameter direction clip
during install the oil atomizer, also let the oil atomizer locating block and locating plunger ,locate in the
corresponding part of locating clip.
3. oil atomizer installing by hands, using hammer such tools punch oil atomizer is not allowed.
4. When unloading and reinstall oil atomizer, must change “O” shaped circule. ,don’t damage the oil atomizer
sealing face at the same time.
5.Don’t put out “O”circule supporting bead from the oil atomizer. Don’t damage oil atomizer parts like: oil
inlet, “o” circule, supporting bead, jet board ,plug .If any damage, stop using.
6. Doing fuel distribution assembled leakage test after oil atomizer installed.,no leakage is qualified.
7. Non-effectiveness part unloading by hands. First unload the oil atomizer clip,then pull out the oil
atomizer from the base. Keep the base clean ,avoid pollution.
Note: While the ignition switched on, whether the engine running or not, never pull out the oil
atomizer main connections.
5. Simple measurement:
Switch off the ignition switch, unload terminal, put on ohm gear of DMM, measure the coil resistance. the two
pens connect with oil atomizer two stitches separately. 20oC rated value of resistance is 11—17Ω.
Suggestion: use special oil atomizer clean analytical instrument clean and analysis oil atomizer every
20000km.
Fuel filter
Fuel filter function is to filter the water and impurity in the fuel.
Fuel filter is made up of filter element and shell, see picture on the right side. It belongs to consumptive part,
and it can’t be overhauled. When the fuel supply is found not enough and the fuel filter is confirmed not work, the
fuel filter should be change. Also change it when the car running about 20000km.
The fuel filter is fitted under the fuel tank, pay attention to the fuel flow direction is same as the arrowhead in
the picture.
Pressure regulator
Function: since the oil atomizer installing in the suction manifold, even the supplying oil pressure, oil spout
aperture and time is invariableness, the oil spout mass is influenced by suction manifold. Fuel pressure regulator
function is to keep the pressure difference between oil distribution and suction manifold in a constant number. So
the fuel mass from oil atomizer is only determined by oil atomizer opening time, in order to control the
consistency of flammable mixture accurately.

2. Like above picture showing, one flexible film which made of rubber and fiber make the oil regulator into
upper,down two chambers.Upper chamber trough the soft pipe lateral side connect with suction manifold, upper
chamer get spring inside.The down chamber is full of fuel which is throughed the fuel distribution outing from
pressure regulator bottom oil-in .Film bottom under the fuel pressure of fuel distribution pipe.,upper under the the
pressure of suction manifold and spring..Film can drive clack seat by twist ,let the valve open or close,because the
film deformation is small ,the acting force of spring can be considered no change. So the valve open and close is
mainly decided by the pressure difference between down chamber fuel pressure and upper chamber suction
manifold pressure.Assumption the valve is closed at the beginning,because of the reduction load of engine,suction
manifold pressure decrease; or fuel pressure goes up making the above pressure difference increase,ultimately the
film is jack-uped by fuel pressure,valve open,
Fuel through pressure regulator centre oil returen hole, comes back fuel tank,fuel pressure decrease,until valve
close. In this way, when engine working condiction change,the difference between fuel distribution pipe pressure
and suction manifold pressure may keep no change generally.
3. technical parameter
Fuel demands:
Fuel pressure regulator suits for the fuel which accord with People Republiic Of China Standard
GBl7930-1999<<motor lead-free petrol>> and National environment protect standard
GWKBl—1999<<motor petrol noxious substance control standard>>.
4. SYMPTOM AND JUDGEMENT
Symptom: fuel pressure hypotony or hypertension, difficult to start.
Cause of Ordinary Symptom: Long term using without maintenance.:
1. filter clog;
2. Impurity particles to cause big leakage.
3. Machine damage artificially.
ＭＡＩＮＴＥＮＡＮＣＥ ＮＯＴＥ：Ｄｕｒｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｍａｉｎｔｅｎａｎｃｅ
 １ Using high pressure gas shock the diaphragm component is forbidden.
2. Using strongly corrosion liquid for washing is forbidden.
3. Distortion by external force is forbidden.
Simple measure:
The sucker connect with fuel pressure gauge,start engine,under the idle speed condiction, check the fuel
pressure whether around 260kPa; pull out fuel pressure regulator vacuum tube, at this moment whether fuel
pressure up to about 300kPa.
VALUE
SCOPE Unit
Least Typical Most
Flow Q ＝ 80L ／ h rating pressure
300 kPa
difference
Flow between 15~140L/h ,the
17.5 KPa
changing value of working pressure
Flow range 10 220 L／h

The slope of characteristic 0.14 kPa／L／h

Fuel main pipe assembele

1. Working Princeple
Fuel distribution is made up of fuel distribution(KVS-S,fuel injector and fuel pressure regulator(DR)Used for
storage and distribute fuel.

2. malfunction malfunction and judgement.

Fuel distribution pipe’s sealing is test can be check by descrease testingTest the “O” circle, at the 4:.5bar
test’s largew5 ,=1.5cm/min.

Section Ⅳ enter and exhaust system

The quantity of air which come into cylinder after through air cleaner is controlled by monomer valve, the air
idle speed needing is supplied by addition system which is paralleling with monomer valve.
Air Cleaner
 1. Air Cleaner Assy
2. Bolt, Air Cleaner
3. Bracket 1# (upper), Air
Cleaner
4. Bracket 2# (Lower), Air
Cleaner
5. Bolt, Bracket
6. Resonator Assy
7. Bracket, Resonator
8. Bolt, Bracket
9. Bolt, Resonator
10. Big Washer, Assemble
Resonator

Air Cleaner Illustration

2, maintenance
This engine air cleaner filter is kind of dry type
filter.
Notice: Pls clearning follow the order:
a. after removing the pipe clip, remove the air
cleaner‘s case cover.
b. remove the air clearner filter element.
check
Check the air cleaner filter dirty situation.
clean
Using the compressed air blow out dust from the side of filter.
install
1)Install the air cleaner filter into the air cleaner shell.
2)Install the air cleaner shell case.
Entering air temperature control system
1. working principle
This system through control entering air temperature to improve the fuel steam generation. It is not
influenced by drive condiction and outside temperature, keep the eternal state, distribute every cylinder
symmetrical mixed air, and keep the air/fuel mixing ratio steady. Inside the air cleaner case,there is a 热蜡 sensor,
used for transducing entering air termperature. The connecting with hot wax sensor is a toggle and baffle.When
the entering air temperature is low, hot wax sensor move the baffle by toggle, open the fresh air access ,suck more
warm air.when wax sensor feels the entering air temperature is going up ,it will let the baffle moving, in order to
close the warm air access
2. maintenance
Check step
a.remove the air cleaner upper cover.
b.blowing the cold air into the hot wax sensor ,like the picture
showing,check the baffle opening warm air pipen and closing cold
air pipe situation.
c.next, blowing the warm air into the hot wax
sensor,like the picture showing,check the baffle
closing warm air pipe and opening cold air pipe
situation.
d.If operate the 2) and 3) step finding the baffle is not
working well,can’t removing the hot wax sensor and
baffle, the whole air cleaner assemble should be
changed.
ee. re-install the air cleaner upper cover.
Throttle body
Throttle is one valve for air supplying control。Operator control it by accelerator pedal. Air throttle and air
throttle body’s structure as the following pics:

1.Throttle Position Sensor 2. Throttle Heating Resistance 3. AirThrottle

There is a assistant path which parallels air throttle, on the Air throttle body. It is controlled by the idle speed valve
which is installed on the throttle body. And there is a activated carbon jar blowhole which can make the fuel steam
recycle.
Besides, there are some fixed parts on the air throttle body:
（1）Heating resistance：For heating entering air temperature, get convenience for cold start the engine in
cold season
 (2)entering air temperature sensor: inspect the entering air temperature。
（3）air throttle position sensor: inspect air throttle open degree.
(4) idle speed valve: control engine idle speed.
Idle speed controlling valve
1. Idle speed controlling valve function
a. can keep the idle speed in the previous decided rotate speed;
b.can auto improving the idle speed under the accelerator pedal relaxing situation, in order to use A/C.
c. can compensating when urgent acceleration ,deceleration in order to transit rotation speed smoothly.
2．idle speed control valve structure
Like picture showing on the right side, make up of servomotor and rotary valve.
3. idle speed control valve working principle
Step motor is a minisize motor, which is made up of circuited steel stators and one rotor. Each steel stator
wrapped by coil: rotor is a permanent magnet; the centre of it is a nut. All the stator coils always electrify. If only
change one coil electricity direction, rotor will change a angle. When each stator coil change electricity in a proper
order, then the rotation direction of rotor will be reversed. The nut connecting with the rotator centre drives one
screw mandrel. Because screw rod is designed for not running, so its only can move on the axes direction, also be
called straight shaft. The head of screw rod is choke plug, so the choke plug can retract and hang out so that
increase or decrease the induction trunk section surface which besides the idle speed actuator until block it.
stitch A connect with stitch NO.ECU65
stitch B connect with stitch NO>ECU66
Stitch C connect with stitch NO>ECU67.

4．Technique characteristic parameters

值
SCOPE unit
least typical most

Resistance of every coil at 25 degree 47.7 53 58.3 Ω

Resistance of every coil in the range

35(-40oC) 95(+125 oC) Ω
of working temperature
Inductance of every coil to the
26.8 33．5 40.2 mH
1000HZ at 25 degree

normal working voltage 7.5 12.0 V

possibility working voltage 3.5 14.0 V

stepsize of step motor rotor 15

Pressure of bypass passage opening 60 kPa

The most axial force made by air

6.28 N
pressure difference

5. Symptom and judgments

Symptom: idle speed too high, idle speed flame out.
Minor failure causation: bypass air access blocked by dust ,fuel steam accumulate, let the step motor idle
speed adjust abnormally.
 Maintenance principle:
1. Never exert any force on axial direction to try to get the axes in or out.
2. Before the idle speed regulator the one with step motor install in the air damper, its axes must in a total
retractive position.
3. Attention on the bypass air flue cleanness.
4. After taking down battery or ECU, attention on the slef-learning about step-motor in time.
Self-learning method:switch on the ignition but don’t start the engine at once,do it after 5 seconds. If
find the engine idle speed not well this time,then must repeat the steps above.
Simple measure method:
(take down joint) put the DMM gear to ohm position,the two pins connect with regulator AD stitch and BC
stitch separately , at the 25℃,the rating resistance is 53±5.3Ω.
Exhaust system
The exhaust system of this car is made up of exhaust collector, vent-pipe, muffler,three unique catalyst,
sealing elements and so on. Like the pic showing on the right side.
maintenance
Warning:
In order to avoid burning, don’t touch it when the exhaust system is still hot. Whatever the maintenance, all
should be taken after cooling.
When take Maintenance, or other service, check the exhaust system in a way as follow:
•Check the rubber pad whether still fine, without damage, aging, displacement.
•Check the exhaust system whether leakage, joint loose, impress and damage. If the bolt and nut already loose,
screw them down according to the torsion moment.
•Check the whether around exhaust has been damaged, or has any leakage, parts displacement, whether has
outseam, pore space, joint loose or any other fault, otherwise the exhaust gas will enter into the carriage.
•Make sure the place between exhaust system parts and car bottom is enough so as to avoid the over heating
damage the carpet in the car.
•Any fault should be resolved immediately.
maintenance
•Exhaust manifold discharge and loading steps refer to the chapter of engine discharge.
•In order to change the vent-pipe, muffle or any other installing connected with them ,the car should be jacked up
and abide the “warning” in this chapter.
•When discharge the exhaust manifold , check the pad and seal ring whether get aging or damaged. Changing
when it needs.
•When reassemble ,screw the bolt and nut to the stated torquemomentt.
Screw torquemoment tight
(a)：35－50 N•m
 Section Ⅴ fuel vapor gathering system
The function of fuel vapor gathering system
A great lot fuel will evaporate when the fuel heat up by running circumstance( hot summer) or fulsome
surge(running on a long rough road) or be heated up during the fuel injector circulation .if vent these steam out,
not only waste fuel but also easy to arose fire， also the car will get stagnation of movement by vent exhaust gas
over the environmental protection prescribed value.. For this reason, fuel vapor gathering system be installed on
the electronic spurt eco-friendly car. This system suck the fuel steam into cylinder over again, avoid occurring bad
phenomena.
Fuel vapor gathering system struction
when the oil tank produce fuel steam, and the steam pressure over the atmospheric pressure, fuel steam will
enter into the activated carbon jar which connected with atmosphere.3，fuel molecule will be absorbed by
activated carbon. When the engine running , computer control emission valve open, because the air inlet pipe
vacuum suction ,atmosphere from activated carbon jar 3 enter into air inlet pipe by through the emission control
valve 4, fresh air takes away the absorbed fuel molecule entering into the cylinder for burning after through
activated carbon jar 3.
Fuel vapor gathering system is a supplement to the gas handing system, when the carbon jar emission valve
open, computer will control decreasing the air input of the main air intake.
Fuel vapor gathering system also is a supplement to the fuel feeding system, when the emission valve open,
computer will control decreasing the oil spout of the oil spout machine.
Corresponding to the one operating condition of the engine, mixed consistence and air input is changeless.
parts constitution and working principle
This system is used for prohibiting exhaust oil of car oil system to the atmosphere.. when the engine stop
working, this system save the fuel steam in a jar fulling of activated carbon, when the engine work, the fuel steam
which inside the carbon jar enter into the engine burning with the atmosphere from outside.
1. Canister
Picture showing on the right side.
2. Control valve actuator
1）diagram and stitch
Stitch: There are two stitches, one is to contact No 87 stitch of output end of main relay, and the other is to contact
No 46 stitch of ECU.
2）Working Principle
Canister is made up of magnet coil, armature and valve. There is a filter at the entrance. The air flow rate
which transfluxes carbon jar control valve is related to the duty ratio of the electrical pulse which ECU output to
the carbon jar control valve on one side; and on the other side, it is related to the pressure difference between
carbon jar control valve entrance and exit.
3） Technical characteristic parameter

Value
Item Unit
Min Typical Max
Rating Voltage 13.5 V

+20oC resistance 26 Ω

Current under Rating Voltage 0.5 A

Frequency of impulse Control 30 Hz

Width of Impulse Control 7 Ms

 Flow Rate while the pressure Difference is 3
2.7 3.0 3.3 m /h
200mbar and take up 100% air ratio

3．Examine and Maintenance

1) Canister
aa). The connection between rubber tube and carbon jar, throttle body, fuel tank
shall be checked frequently, whether fastness, loose. falloff. rubber tube broken
is not allowed.
b. examine the system whether working fine ,when running 10,000KM every
time.
(1) Pull out the rubber tube from the CANISTER, and then take out the
canister.
(2) When blow air to the carbon jar from the absorb hole, there is obvious air
flow out at the desorption hole and vent hole.
(3) If there is no air flow out from atmosphere hole and desorption , check the
hole inside if there is foreign body, then examine according to the (2), still no air
flow, should change the carbon jar.
(4) Finish checking , recovery carbon jar connection, and assure the connection
with rubber tube is deep-set.
WARNING:
Don’t suck the connection interface on the carbon jar, the fuel steam inside the carbon jar is harmful to
people’s body.
Attention: change the carbon jar after running 50,000 miles every time.
2) Fuel tank pressure control valve
check
a. Take down the fuel pump assembly which installed on the fuel tank. Refer
to chapter 6C.
b. Blow in air by through the vaporize soft tube , air should waltz through
the valve.
c. At the same time, when the vacuum pump connect with vaporize soft tube
and loading gradually ,air should through the soft tube” A”.
Special purpose tools
(A)：09917—47910
d. If carry out the step b or c, when the air can’t through the valve , then
should change the fuel pump assembly.
Warning:
Don’t suck in the air through the vaporize tube, cause the fuel inside the
valve is harmful.
e. Install the fuel pump assembly on the fuel tank.
3) Control valve operating motor
Symptom: disabler
Common source of trouble: foreign body enter into the valve inside, conduce
rust and sealing weak.
Maintenance attention:
1. Make sure the direction of air flow accord with the regulation when installing.
2. When find the black grain(inside the valve) conduce the control valve disabler , needs change the valve, pls
check the carbon jar state.
3. Avoid the water ,fuel and other liquid enter into valve during the maintenance.
4. For avoiding the solid-borne sound, suggest hanging the carbon jar in the air, installing on the soft tube.
Simple measure method:
(Take down the stitches) put the DMM gear to ohm, two instrument pens connect with the carbon jar control
valve stitches separately, at the 20℃,the rating resistance is 26±4Ω.
Section Ⅵ ignition system
This type engine electric ignition system adopts two ignition coils, not distributor ignition system. The high
tension electricity ignition coil produced is sent to every spark plug, ignition coil exterior like the left picture
showing，its circuit like the right picture showing.
Ignition system is made up of ignition coil , spark plug and its circuit.
Ignition working principle
Two ignition coils were controlled by computer, produce high tension by turns, each ignition coil connect
with two cylinder spark plug (1. 3. cylinder connect one ignition coil, 2.3. cylinder connect with the other one).
So, every time both two cylinder spark plug flashover at the same time, the cylinder which at the end of pressure
stroke can ignite the mixing air and break out for working, it’s a “effective ignition”; conjugated cylinder is at the
instroke, belongs to “inefficacy ignition”. This high tension power distribution , though lost a little power because
of inefficacy ignition, however this let the ignition system cancelled the distributor block, improved the ignition
reliability ,decreased fault.
Spark plug
AF10-06 electroject engine spark plug type: F6RTC(4C7T) screw thread M14×1.25
Useful time: run 30,000km ,change
BG13-20 electroject engine spark plug type: K7RTC
Useful time: run 10,000 km change
Electrode clearance: 0.7－0.8mm

Check
•Electrode abrasion state
•Carbon deposition
•Insulant damage state
Attention: hold rubber tube tightly , pull out high voltage damper, then take down spark plug.
a. If find abnormal , adjust air clearance, use spark plug cleaner cleaning or change new spark plug accord with
the regulation.
b. install spark plug and screw down torsional moment accord with the regulation.
Spark plug prescribe screw down torsional moment: 25N·m
c. Hold the rubber tube, install and fasten the high voltage damper.
Section Ⅶ fuel injection and electic control system notice
Normal tools and special tester
Some tools and meters are needed when diagnosis and checking the malfunction. Before using these tools
and meters, we must know its structure, performance, and notice to decide which electric system metering can be
suitable. The electric control system of engine is very sensitive about the voltage, so when check and fix it should
be very careful, don’t test and fix optionally. Now we introduce several normal tools and special tester.
1． Jumper Wire
Simple jumper wire is one passage stranded
conductor, at its ends connect with crocodile
clips or different type plugs, it has different
types .In the tool box ,there must has different
type jumper wire, for the specific place test, like
the picture showing rightside.
Jumper Wire is simple, however it’s also a
very practical tool, its effect like a pass-by circuit. If one electric component not work, first connect jumper wire
at termpoint”一” and ground strap connection. here if parts work, means ground strap connection is open circuit;
if the ground strap connection circuit good, then connect jumper wire between storage battery”+” and power-line
terminal of be tested parts, if the parts work, means power supply circuit with failure(turnoff or circuit short)
otherwise , parts with failure.
Note:
(1) Make sure whether he voltage of the parts which is going to be test,should be 12V before using
jumper wire thest the parts. For example, if the fuel injector power voltage is 4V, plus 12V it may damage
the fuel injector.
(2) Don’t connect jumper wire between “+” of parts and ground strap connection.
2．Test lamp
1）12v test lamp is made up of 12v lamp, conductor; different type tips, like the picture showed rightside. It maily
used for testing power supply circiuit whether supply power to electrionic parts.
Put one tip with ground trap, the other one connect with electronic parts power tip. If it’s light, means the
power circuit of electric parts no failure; if it’s not light, move on the way of power source, connect the second
termipoint, if it’s light, the circuit between the first and second termipoint has the failure of turnoff. If still no light,
then connect the third termipoint.., until its light and the failure is in the circuit between the last termipoint and
first one, mostly its turn off failure。
2）Test lamp with power resource
Test lamp with power resource is similar with 12V test lamp,it just plus two 1.5V dry battery in handle,like
rightside picture showed. Its used for testing electric circuit turnoff and short circuit .
a. Turnoff test break the power circuit connected with electric parts, take one tip of test lamp connect
with ground strap , the other tip connect each tip(start from the head end of circuit).if its no light, turnoff is
between point be tested and ground strap, if its light, turnoff point is between this be tested point now and last
tested point.
b. Short circuit test first, break the power circuit connected with electric parts, one tip with ground strap,
the other tip connect with circuit of F electric parts, if its light, means short circuit failure exist ,then unlatch
linkers gradually , swith on, back out parts and so on, until go out. Then , the short circuit is in the place between
last open circuit part and prior open circuit part.
Attention: don’t use test lamp to test micro computer control system of engine, unless there is special
instruction in the maintenance book.
2． multimeter
Multimeter can be used for testing alternating voltage, direct voltage, electric current, conductor resistance.
Test resistance, voltage, voltage drop is in common use during vehicle repairing.
1） Resistance measure method
Direct voltage measure method
Put the switch to the direct voltage gear proper position(select the range). Attention on watch
hand”+”,”-“,should according to the circuit ends with right positive and negative. By testing voltage, can check
out whether exist source voltage on the circuit somewhere, and get the electric drop after circuit through electric
part.
Attention: Only use high-impedance (above10MΩ) DMM; don’t measure resistance in a hot-line work
way, otherwise easy to burn DMM out.
3． Hand-held vacuum air pump
There are many vacuum control system be used on modern vehicles, for diagnose , clearing vacuum control
system fault, can use hand-held vacuum pump to test.
Hand-held vacuum pump has many types like the following picture showing. Its made up of a vacuum meter
and a aspiration column. Being tested part no need taking down, can do the test on the car ,by push and pull the handle
of vacuum pump, throw a proper vacuum degree on parts, can get the vacuum degree when control valve of parts open
and close.
When engine running, induction manifold produce vacuum, vacuum source of vacuum control system mostly
use the induction manifold vacuum, can use vacuum meter test vacuum source.
4． Pressure gauge
Pressure gauge can test pipeline, vessel and liquid inside equipment or air pressure. Because of using
convenience, price cheap, be used broadly in vehicle workshop.
1） 气缸压力表
Cylinder pressure gauge
Cylinder pressure gauge is for testing cylinder pressure when compress finish, it use spark plug holes measure
the cylinder pressure.
2） Fuel pressure gauge
Fuel pressure gauge for testing fuel supply and eject system whether work normal. Detection hole on the fuel
supple pipe of electronic gasoline injection system is used for connecting with fuel gauge.

5． Fuel injector cleaner

Fuel injector blockage, will make mixed air become thin, spray configuration become weak, engine
capability become bad. So, must check it , clean it regularly.
Fuel injector cleaner has many types, generally separate into two types: under vehicle and in the
vehicle.
1） Cleaning instrument of cleaning under vehicle
2） Cleaning instrument of cleaning inside vehicle
7．Special tester
When check the engine control system, use diagnose tester to help finding source of fault is effecitive.
Currently, in the vehicle repairing market most diagnose tester are table type engine fault analysis meter. Also on
the market distributed portable type engine computer tester is applied. These tester usually has diagnose interface,
take the interface connect with engine inner cabin or the fault diagnose socket which under panel, then operate
key-indicate on the tester control panel, can test micro computer control system’s sensor , actuator and its circuit.
These testers’ advantage is, carry easy, operation simple, though price is high, about one engine control
comptuer’s average price, however it can avoid changing no damaged parts while maintenance ,also can
improve the speed and efficiency ,so to the buyer, economy benefit is obvious.
Portable engine computer tester has these function as following::
(1)Take dynamic testing on engine micro computer control system while engine running or car running.
(2) Read fault code from the engine computer’s memorizer.
(3)After checking , clear the engine computer saved fault code according to the operator’s order.
Now, some engine computer testers imported from America have already been sold in civil, different testers
suits for different engine microcomputer control system testing, also there is one suits for multi type engine
computer control system, called all-purpose computer tester. For example, Owatonna Tool Company sells the
computer tester called OTC monitor.
This monitor is a LCD ,showing in a way of menu type, operate control key by select menu item when
testing, simple and convenient for using, showing in simplicity, diagnosis data transmission cable which
connecting with diagnosis socket with multi-interface; used for plug diagnosis socket of multi-type vehicles. At
the end of monitor with PROM socket, use relevant PROM magnetic card when testing different veheicle.
Basic principles and attention items of failure diagnosis
1. Operation principle
1）Only digital multi meter (usually above 10MΩ)permit to check electric inject system.
2）Repairing work pls use quality goods parts, otherwise can’t guarantee electric inject system normal
operation.
3）During the maintenance , only can use lead-free petrol.
4）Please abide normative repair and diagnose flow ,to do the maintenance.
5）During the maintenance disassemble electric eject system parts is prohibited.
6）During repairing, take the electronic components ( electronic control unit , sensor and so on), shouleb
careful, don’t let them fall down on the floor..
2. Judgment principle
Engine microcomputer control system is a complex system, grasp systemic examine steps and methods when
diagnose the faults. From the principle of view, if diagnose and fix one engine fault which may referred to
microcomputer system, first , check the fault whether has relation with microcomputer system. When engine get
fault, but warning light not show light ( no display code) in the most time, this fault may has relation with the
engine micro control system . At this time , should take it like engine machine part, checking as basic diagnose
process .otherwise, may take lots of time to check microcomputer sensor, actuator , circuit for a fault no relation
with microcomputer, however the not get the real fault.
The cause of typical faults which no relation with microcomputer :
a．idle speed not steady(even flameout)
(1) Idle speed too low.
(2) Idle speed mixed air ration not correct or not average(vacuum leakage)
(3) Ignition time postpone.
 (4) Crank case force ventilation or pipe blocked up.
(5) Spark plug high voltage wire has defects.
(6) Spark plug ablate or crase.
(7) Actived carbon jar system’s wash water valve has crack or other defects.
(8) Exhaust gas recycle valve keep opening because its locked.
b. misfiring when speed up
(1) Spark plug high voltage wire has defect.
(2) Spark plug high voltage wire plug wrongly.
(3) Ignition circuit short or crack.
(4) Capacitor get loose.
(5) Wire head of primary coil loose.
(6) Fuel filter stuck.
(7) Fuel pump pressure not enough.
(8) Fuel pipe crack or become soft.
c. fuel consumption ratio high.
(1) Ignition time too late.
(2) Exhaust pipe stuck.
(3) Air filter stuck.
(4) Constant temperature air filter has defect, let the hot air enter.
(5) Exhaust air recycle valve keep opening because of clamping stagnation.
(6) Cooling system thermostat failure or control temperature too low.
d. knock when speed up.
(1) Ignition time too early.
（2）Fuel grades too low.
(3) Exhaust air recycle valve can’t open correctly.
(4) Knock sensor lapsed.
3．Matters needattention
(1) whatever engine is running or not , when the ignition switch on , don’t cut any 12V electrical equipment.
Because when cut these equipments, by self-inductance , any coil can produce high instantaneous voltage even
over 7000V, let the microcomputer and sensor damaged heavily. List parts of some equipments can’t be cut: any
cable of storage cell, gas mixture control electromagnetic valve, idle speed control equipment(step motor).
Electromagnetic fuel atomizer, secondary air injection electromagnetic valve, the wire of ignition , prom of
microcomputer, any wire of microcomputer, conductor jointer of blower motor , A/C clutch wire and so on.
（2）Start other vehicle by cross-over or other vehicle start the car by cross-over, should switch off ignition first,
then can load, discharge cross-over cable.
（3）The speakers of stereo can’t be installed close the microcomputer, because magnet of speakers will
damage the circuits and parts inside the microcomputer.
（4）When using arc welding on the car body, should cut off microcomputer power. When doing repair work
close to the microcomputer or sensor should be very careful.
(5) When install or take off PROM , operator should touch body first, otherwise, people body’s static will
damage microcomputer circuit.
(6) If wiper leakage , must repair it soon, avoid microcomputer( on the board under the engine cabin) damaged
by affected damp.
(7) Except point out in the test program , can’t use pointer type ohm meter to test microcomputer sensor, should
use high impedance digital tester( usually over 10MΩ)
(8) Don’t use test lamp to test any electric equipment which connect with microcomputer, for prevent
microcomputer or sensor get damage , except any instruction. Usually should use high impedance digital tester.
(9) When people enter carriage, body’s static discharge may produce very high voltage , so when operate digital
tester for repairing or close to this type meter, should take metal tape , one head coil on wrist ,the other one clip on
the car body.
（10） Don’t’ take down any electric ejection system parts or plug-in from its installing position, for avoiding any
damage or water,oil dirty into the plug-in , influence the electric ejection system ‘s normal work.
（11） When cut off or turn on the plug-in , must switch off the ignition , otherwise will damage electric parts.
（12）When doing fault hot condition simulated and other repairing work make heat up, don’t let the electric
control unit over 80oC
（13）Electric ejection system’s fuel supplying pressure is high( around 300kPa), all the fuel pipes use bear-high
pressure fuel pipe. Even engine not running, oilchannel keeps a high fuel pressure. So, don’t take down fuel pipe
easily, do pressure relief to fuel system before take down fuel pipe when needs repair the fuel system, pressure
relief method: take down fuel pump relay, start engine let it running on idle speed, until extinguish itself. Fuel pipe
taking-down and fuel filter changing should be done by pro mechanics in a well ventilated place.
（14） When take electromotion fuel pump from fuel tank, don’t electrify it, for avoiding produce spark ,cause
fire.
（15）Do the running test under dry state or in the water for the fuel pump is not permitted , otherwise will reduce
its useful time, it must be doing in water. And to the fuel pump, the polarity should not be reversed.
（16）When check the ignition system , only do the jump spark test when necessary, and control the time as short
as possible. Don’t open air damper or take down fuel ejector plug , it will induce a great lot unburned fuel enter
into exhaust pipe , damage the three unique catalyst.
（17）Idle speed system with self-adjust function, so the adjust of idle speed is auto finished by electric eject
system, no need manual adjust. The set screw of air damper already be adjusted well when it was produced, user
change its initial position freely is not allowed.
（18）Don’t connect anode and cathode wrongly when connecting storage cell , for avoiding damage electric
circuit , this system use cathode bonding.
（19）Don’t take down storage cell cable or plug in, out electric joint, otherwise easy damage ECU and circuit.
（20）Before electric welding , should take down storage cell anode, cathode, cable, and electric control unit .
（21）Don’t use the way cut through the wire skin for check the parts in-out electric signals.
If driver already see the engine fault indicating lamp is shinning, he should check step by step according to
engine microcomputer control system fault finding program. There are usually four steps for finding faults: client
idea, eyeballing check, self diagnose test, examine and repair.

Section Ⅷ electric eject system fault diagnose and repair

summary
Computer is the corn of electric eject engine control system, its installed inside the computer box, computer
input and output is through one connector with 55 channels.
Computer is made up of central process unit, random memory, erasable programmable read only memory
(EPROM) and input output interface circuit.
Control program and parameters of read only memory is a important guarantee for the computer can control
target accord to the set. It can edit ,supply or rebuild control program and parameters by through a diagnose faucet
connecting with a special diagnose tool (ELIT). Its computer input, output relation like the picture following:
Cause of fault and most possible occur parts
Electronic ejection system fault means : when computer its function or get information not correct, arouse
relevant control order not correct , result in engine can’t start, start difficult, no high speed, fuel consumption
increase, idle speed not steady and so son.
1． Failure of fuel injector
Fuel injector is one of main execute components of injection system, when fuel quality fall short of
request, easy blind and seizure. Failure usually performance like : magnet coil work bad, fuel injector seizure,
wear, water-clock and atomization not good so on. Fuel injector perform above failures will cause some cylinder
not working or not working fine.
2． Sensor failure
There are many sensors in electronic injection system, they take working state information of important parts
of engine into the computer directly, as the basis of sending control order. If sensors failure, it will make orders
not correct or even cause engine out of control . Main styles of sensor’s failure : elastic parts loose elastic,
vacuum diaphragm disrepair, connect part wear or peripheral line failure.
3． Connecting fitting failure
Electric injection system has many splicing connecting fittings, because of bad working condition, easy get
failure. It performance as: aging failure, tie-in loose or connecting bad and so on. When splicing connecting fitting
failure, engine work unsteady, fluctuation.
4． Vacuum tube and other pipeline failures.
Most of vacuum soft tubes are made of rubber in electric injection system, also some other parts used rubber.
These rubber goods after be heated, stained with oil, alternative be stressed, overtime working, will happen rubber
tube aging, nozzle broken, interface loose, clip distortion, sealing element leakage and other failures , it will
influence engine’s capability.
5．The failure of fuel pressure regulator
Fuel pressure regulator easy get the failure : blockage of regulator and membrane damage. This will easy
make engine supply fuel unsteady, start difficult, accelerate powerless and so on.
Failure alarm
System with the function of failure alarm.
Alarm function of system expressed by detect lamp lighten (picture right side) which
on the panel.
Normally, after turn on the ignition switch, detect lamp will be lighted, and it will
extinguished itself after 3seconds. When start engine, once the rotation of engine reach
24r/min, detect lamp also extinguish at once, this means work find, no failure.
The following situation means system has failure.
(1) Ignition switch turned on , detect lamp lighten , but not extinguish after 3s, and that keep light, no change
even after startjing the engine
(2) When engine running, detect lamp lighten, not extinguish.
Above two situations remind driver that there has failure in electric injection system, should stop car ,
examine and repair at once. If the failure no necessary repair at once, the detect light would not lighten,
however the failure as a failure code will be saved in the computer.
Failure record and storage
Failure saved as failure code inside the computer, and its showing orderly, computer can save maximum 15
failures at one time.
1） Failure can be divided into eternal failure and temporary failure.
Eternal failure--- the failure saved in the computer before resolving ,called eternal failure.
Temporary failure----detected failure be resolved or some failures auto-eliminated after instantaneous
appeared.
2） Failure can be divided into major failure and minor failure
Major failure——When one failure shows up, alarm lamp lighten, failure be recorded in a failure code way,
this type failure called major failure.
 Minor failure——when a failure shows up, failure code be recorded, but the alarm lamp no light, this type
called minor failure.
In the computer’s failure storage, usually major failure has the priority compare to the minor failure. When
already stored 15 failures, if one major failure appear, then this major failure will instead of one saved minor
failure.
In the system, if appear temporary failure, computer start save the failure code, because detect lamp no light
or it will be extinguished , sometimes driver would not notice , if this failure after engine start 50 times, the
appeared temporary failure not appear again, computer will delete its failure code from memory.
Failure running
The function of failure running means when system get failure, in order to drive car back home or to the
vehicle repair plant , computer invoke back up value parameter order the running.
For example, when cooling water temperature sensor failure , computer take the value parameter of engine
temperature at 80℃ as fuel inject and ignition control parameter, let the engine keep running. The thing should
notice: when failure running, all relevant system not working in a best state, engine power performance and
economy performance decrease, exhaust pollution may become bad. So, should examine and repair engine as soon
as possible.
After failure eliminated, computer will auto-select actual information parameter, so auto-out of the back up
value , finish the failure running function.
Client opinions
When failure car enter into the maintenance depot , depot people should inquire opinions from client, in
order to find the failure source fast. First should get know the situation, condition, how and whether be
examined ,something about failure when failure happened. So, must give audience to client’s description about
failure , though the description may not integrity or be misconstrued , or maybe self-contradiction, but it often get
the key of the problem. The best way is ：after listen client’s first opinion , think for a moment, do a first step
diagnosis, then ask some relevant questions for helping make sure or deny first diagnosis’ conclusion. Meanwhile
let client fill “ client questionary” . This blank content is about failure record of engine microcomputer control
system , with diagnose test result together institute the basis of failure source.
Visual measurement
The purpose of visual measurement is for eliminate general failure element before the further careful test and
diagnosis. The content of visual measurement includes:
(1) Take down air cleaner, check filter element and whether has dirty, impurity or other pollutants around ,
must change it in time.
(2) Check the vacuum tube whether broken, aging, or squeeze damaged; check the tube passed path and
tie-in whether correct.
(3) Check the connection situation of wire bundle of microcomputer control system.
a. electric coupler of sensor or actuator is fine.
b. coupler of wiring hamess whether loose or disconnect.
c. electrical wire whether has rupture or disconnection situation.
d. electrical coupler whether splicing in a proper position.
e. Whether wires has frazzle or line to line short circuit situation.
f. Whether electrical coupler’s plug and socket has corrosion.
(4) Check every sensor and actuator whether has obvious damage.
(5) Run engine and check enter/exhaust manifold lambda sensor whether has leakage.
(6) Do the necessary elimination to the failure, and reinstall new air cleaner.
Failure code read and deletes method
EQ474Ibg13-20 engine system used standard diagnose tie-in(like
picture right side), failure diagnose interface is installed under the panel.
Engine manage system EMS using stitches 4.7.16 of standard diagnose
tie-in. NO.4 stitch connects with groundwire, No.7 stitch connects with
No.71 stitch of ECU, namely engine date line “K”, No.16 stitch
connects with the storage cell anode.
Diagnose joint AF10-06 engine system used is showed on the picture rightside, the
failure diagnose interface is installed under the driver panel. Engine manage system EMS
use stitches 1.4.7.16 of the diagnose joint. Stitch NO.4 is connected with the groundwire,
stitch No.7 is connected with stitch J1-D11 of ECU, namely engine data line”K”, stitch
No.16 is connected with anode of accumulator, stitch No.1 is connected with stitch J2-B9
of ECU, namely diagnose request stitch of ECU.
Diagnose instrument can communicate with ECU by through “K” line, and do the
following operations(details according to the diagnose instrument instruction book):
1．Engine parameters display
（1）Rotate speed ,cooling fluid temperature, the opening of throttle, ignition advance angle, pulse width of oil
spout, intake pressure, intake temperature,vehicle speed , system voltage, oil spout amend,scour rate of canister,
idle speed air control, waveform of oxygen sensor.
（2）Target rotates speed, relative load of engine, ambient temperature, ignition closing time, evaporator
temperature, intake flux, fuel consumption.
（3）Signal voltage of sensor of throttle position, signal voltage of sensor of cooling fluid, signal voltage of sensor
of intake temperature, sensor signal voltage of intake pressure, 1# stitch signal voltage of shock sensor, 2# stitch
signal voltage of shock sensor.
2．Electric injection state display:
Guard against theft system state( if there is), cooling system state, stable operating condition, dynamic
operating condition, exhaust control state, oxygen sensor state, idle speed state, trouble lamp state, emergency
operating condition state, air condition system state.
3．Function of actuator test
Trouble lamp, fuel pump, air condition relay, fans, ignition, fuel spout (single-cylinder oil current break).
4．Speedometer display:
Running mileage, running time.
5． Version information display:
VIN, hardware code of ECU, software code of ECU.
6． Failure display
Intake pressure sensor, intake temperature sensor, engine cooling fluid temperature sensor, throttle position
sensor, oxygen sensor, the heat circuit of oxygen sensor, amend of air/fuel, apiece of cylinders fuel injector,fuel
pump, shock sensor, revolution speed transducer, phase sensor, canister control valve, cooling fan delay, vehicle
peed signal , rotate speed of idle speed, idle speed adjuster, system voltage, ECU, air condition compressor relay,
evaporator temperature sensor, trouble lamp.
Failure code read:
1． Read code by using failure diagnose lamp
Put ignition switch to “M” position, namely the position of all indicator lights shine on the panel, after
breaking the ground strap connection No.7 of diagnose plug in 3-4s, detection lamps of panel will start flicker, and
can read self-diagnose code. The code of flicker is two numeral code, flicker ten numeral code first, then flicker
unit code after 1s.
For example, the flicker way of the No.27 failure code is:
Flicker twice continuously (showing 20), then flicker seven times in a successive way after holding a
second, which refers to No.27.
The flicker way of the No.55 self-diagnose code for failure is:
Flicker five times continuously (showing 50), then flicker five times in a successive way after holding a
second, which refers to No.55.
Every ground strap of the 783 diagnose joint---retaining a flickering process of the diagnose lamps once it
is disconnected, which means to read a failure code. Ground strap connection repeatedly, if the number of the
stored 15 failure codes is to be checked----cutting for 15 times. After reading the number of the failure code, the
parts which have failures can be found out according to the failure code book.
Reading the self-diagnose code of failure, finding out the failure parts, then delete the failure code after
removing the failure in order to guarantee the stored failure truly ones.
2. read through the special diagnose tester
Insert the diagnose interface of the tester into the ECU failure diagnose interface to read the failure code.
Ways of deleting failure code:
Normally, disconnecting the power cord or the fuse linking to the engine microcomputer control system can
delete or clear out the stored failure code in the microcomputer control system. Disconnecting the battery’s
negative electrode or the microcomputer control system’s fuse of the automobile for 30 seconds also works.
Press one key of the special tester to clear out the failure code.
Attention: clearing out the failure code in the way of dismantling the battery’s negative electrode will remove
the EMS memory of the equipments such as quartz pin and the sound. Therefore, the battery’s negative electrode
can’t be discharged casually. It’s better to clear the failure code as the ways introduced in the maintaining manual.
Start engine after clearing out the failure code to check whether the indicate light of the failure code is
flickering or not. If it is, there must be some failures in the system which needs further diagnoses.
Denotative meaning of the failure code shown in the list (AF10-06):

Index PCODE DFP_Bosch Description of

PCODE
1 P0030 HSVE_SI_CDC O2 Sensor Heater Contr. Circ.(Bank1(1)Sensor 1)
2 P0031 HSVE_MN_CDC O2 Sensor Heater Contr. Circ.(Bank1(1)Sensor 1)
Low
3 P0032 HSVE_MX_CDC O2 Sensor Heater Contr. Circ.(Bank1(1)Sensor 1)
High
4 P0036 HSHE_SI_CDC O2 Sensor Heater Contr. Circ.(Bank1(1)Sensor 2)
5 P0037 HSHE_MN_CDC O2 Sensor Heater Contr. Circ.(Bank1(1)Sensor 2)
Low
6 P0038 HSHE_MX_CDC O2 Sensor Heater Contr. Circ.(Bank1(1)Sensor 2)
High
7 P0053 HSV_NP_CDC O2 Sensor Heater Resistance(Bank1(1)Sensor 1)
8 P0054 HSH_NP_CDC O2 Sensor Heater Resistance(Bank1(1)Sensor 2)
9 P0105 LM_SI_CDC Manifolt Absolut Pressure/Barometic Pressure Circuit
10 P0106 LM_NP_CDC Manifold Abs.Pressure or Bar.Pressure Range/Performance
11 P0107 LM_MN_CDC Manifold Abs.Pressure or Bar.Pressure Low Input
12 P0108 LM_MX_CDC Manifold Abs.Pressure or Bar.Pressure High Input
13 P0112 TA_MX_CDC Intake Air Temp.Circ. Low
 Input
14 P0113 TA_MN_CDC Intake Air Temp.Circ. High
Input
15 P0116 TM_NP_CDC Engine Coolant Temp.Circ.
Range/Performance
16 P0117 TM_MX_CDC Engine Coolant Temp.Circ. Low
Input
17 P0118 TM_MN_CDC Engine Coolant Temp.Circ. High
Input
18 P0122 DK_MN_CDC Throttle/Pedal Pos.Sensor A Circ. Low
Input
19 P0123 DK_MX_CDC Throttle/Pedal Pos.Sensor A Circ. High
Input
20 P0130 LSV_NP_CDC O2 Sensor Circ.,Bank1-Sensor1
Malfunction
21 P0132 LSV_MX_CDC O2 Sensor Circ.,Bank1-Sensor1 High Voltage
22 P0133 LATP_MX_CDC O2 Sensor Circ.,Bank1-Sensor1 Slow
Response
23 P0134 LSV_SI_CDC O2 Sensor Circ.,Bank1-Sensor1 No Activity Detected
24 P0136 LSH_NP_CDC O2 Sensor Circ.,Bank1-Sensor2
Malfunction
25 P0138 LSH_MX_CDC O2 Sensor Circ.,Bank1-Sensor2 High Voltage
26 P0140 LSH_SI_CDC O2 Sensor Circ.,Bank1-Sensor2 No Activity Detected
27 P0170 FRST_NP_CDC Fuel Trim,Bank1
Malfunction
28 P0171 FRST_MX_CDC Fuel Trim,Bank1 System too
Lean
29 P0172 FRST_MN_CDC Fuel Trim,Bank1 System too
Rich
30 P0201 EV1_SI_CDC Cylinder 1- Injector Circuit
31 P0202 EV4_SI_CDC Cylinder 2- Injector Circuit
32 P0203 EV2_SI_CDC Cylinder 3- Injector Circuit
33 P0204 EV3_SI_CDC Cylinder 4- Injector Circuit
34 P0261 EV1_MN_CDC Cylinder 1- Injector Circuit
Low
35 P0262 EV1_MX_CDC Cylinder 1- Injector Circuit
High
36 P0264 EV4_MN_CDC Cylinder 2- Injector Circuit
Low
37 P0265 EV4_MX_CDC Cylinder 2- Injector Circuit
High
38 P0267 EV2_MN_CDC Cylinder 3- Injector Circuit
Low
 PCOD
Index DFP_Bosch
E Description of PCODE
Cylinder 3- Injector Circuit
39 P0268 EV2_MX_CDC High
40 P0270 EV3_MN_CDC Cylinder 4- Injector Circuit Low
Cylinder 4- Injector Circuit
41 P0271 EV3_MX_CDC High
42 P0300 MD_MN_CDC Random/Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected
43 P0300 MD_MX_CDC Random/Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected
44 P0300 MD_NP_CDC Random/Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected
Cyl.1 Misfire
45 P0301 MD00_MN_CDC Detected
Cyl.1 Misfire
46 P0301 MD00_MX_CDC Detected
Cyl.1 Misfire
47 P0301 MD00_NP_CDC Detected
Cyl.2 Misfire
48 P0302 MD03_MN_CDC Detected
Cyl.2 Misfire
49 P0302 MD03_MX_CDC Detected
Cyl.2 Misfire
50 P0302 MD03_NP_CDC Detected
Cyl.3 Misfire
51 P0303 MD01_MN_CDC Detected
Cyl.3 Misfire
52 P0303 MD01_MX_CDC Detected
Cyl.3 Misfire
53 P0303 MD01_NP_CDC Detected
Cyl.4 Misfire
54 P0304 MD02_MN_CDC Detected
Cyl.4 Misfire
55 P0304 MD02_MX_CDC Detected
Cyl.4 Misfire
56 P0304 MD02_NP_CDC Detected
57 P0318 SWE_MN_CDC Rough Road Sensor ""A"" Signal Circuit
58 P0318 SWE_MX_CDC Rough Road Sensor ""A"" Signal Circuit
59 P0318 SWE_NP_CDC Rough Road Sensor ""A"" Signal Circuit
60 P0321 BM_MN_CDC Ign./Distributor Eng.Speed Inp.Circ. Range/Performance
61 P0321 BM_MX_CDC Ign./Distributor Eng.Speed Inp.Circ. Range/Performance
62 P0321 BM_NP_CDC Ign./Distributor Eng.Speed Inp.Circ. Range/Performance
63 P0321 BM_SI_CDC Ign./Distributor Eng.Speed Inp.Circ. Range/Performance
64 P0322 N_SI_CDC Ign./Distributor Eng.Speed Inp.Circ. No Signal
Knock Control System
65 P0324 KRNT_NP_CDC Error
66 P0324 KROF_NP_CDC Knock Control System
 Error
Knock Control System
67 P0324 KRTP_NP_CDC Error
Knock Sensor 1 Circ. Low
68 P0327 KS1_MN_CDC Input
69 P0328 KS1_MX_CDC Knock Sensor 1 Circ. High Input
70 P0340 PH_SI_CDC Camshaft Position Sensor Circuit
Camshaft Pos.Sensor Circ.
71 P0341 PH_NP_CDC Range/Performance
Camshaft Pos.Sensor Circ. Low
72 P0342 PH_MN_CDC Input
Camshaft Pos.Sensor Circ. High
73 P0343 PH_MX_CDC Input
Catalyst System,Bank1 Efficiency Below
74 P0420 KAT_MX_CDC Threshold
Evaporativ Emiss.System Purge Control Valve Circ.
75 P0444 TEVE_SI_CDC Open
76 P0458 TEVE_MN_CDC Evaporative Emission System Purge Control Valve Circuit Low
77 P0459 TEVE_MX_CDC Evaporative Emission System Purge Control Valve Circuit High
Cooling Fan 1 Control
78 P0480 LUEA_SI_CDC Circuit

PCOD
Index DFP_Bosch
E Description of PCODE
79 P0501 VFZ_SI_CDC Vehicle Speed Sensor Range/Performance
80 P0506 LLR_MN_CDC Idle Control System RPM Lower than Expected
Idle Control System RPM Higher than
81 P0507 LLR_MX_CDC Expected
Idle Air Control System Circuit
82 P0508 STPE_MN_CDC Low
83 P0509 STPE_MX_CDC Idle Air Control System Circuit High
Idle Air Control
84 P0511 STPE_NP_CDC Circuit
Idle Air Control
85 P0511 STPE_SI_CDC Circuit
A/C Evaporator Temperature Sensor Circuit
86 P0537 TVERD_MX_CDC Low
A/C Evaporator Temperature Sensor Circuit
87 P0538 TVERD_MN_CDC High
System Voltage
88 P0560 UB_NP_CDC Malfunction
89 P0562 UB_MN_CDC System Voltage Low Voltage
90 P0563 UB_MX_CDC System Voltage High Voltage
91 P0602 SGPP_NP_CDC Control Modul Programming Error
92 P0627 KPE_SI_CDC Fuel Pump “A” Control Circuit /Open
 Fuel Pump “A” Control Circuit
93 P0628 KPE_MN_CDC Low
Fuel Pump “A” Control Circuit
94 P0629 KPE_MX_CDC High
95 P0645 KOSE_SI_CDC AC clutch relais circuit
96 P0646 KOSE_MN_CDC A/C Clutch Relay Control Circuit Low
A/C Clutch Relay Control Circuit
97 P0647 KOSE_MX_CDC High
98 P0650 MILE_MN_CDC Malfunction Indicator Lamp Control Circ.
99 P0650 MILE_MX_CDC Malfunction Indicator Lamp Control Circ.
100 P0650 MILE_SI_CDC Malfunction Indicator Lamp Control Circ.
101 P0691 LUEA_MN_CDC Cooling Fan 1 Control Circuit Low
Cooling Fan 1 Control Circuit
102 P0692 LUEA_MX_CDC High
103 P1651 SVSE_CDC Data Bus Powertrain missing messages
System Too Lean Off
104 P2177 FRAU_MX_CDC Idle
System Too Rich Off
105 P2178 FRAU_MN_CDC Idle
System Too Lean at
106 P2187 RKAZ_MX_CDC Idle
107 P2188 RKAZ_MN_CDC System Too Rich at Idle
O2 Sensor Signal Stuck Lean; Bank 1 Sensor
108 P2195 LATV_MX_CDC 1
109 P2196 LATV_MN_CDC O2 Sensor Signal Stuck Rich; Bank 1 Sensor 1
O2 Sensor Signal Stuck Lean; Bank 1 Sensor
110 P2270 LASH_MX_CDC 2
111 P2271 LASH_MN_CDC O2 Sensor Signal Stuck Rich; Bank 1 Sensor 2
Additional OBD information used for the original type approval of the vehicle
1、After confirm steady state failure currently, then can do the following examine and repair, otherwise will make
mistake in diagnose.
2、Not allowed use finger type multimeter to check circuit of electric injection system.
3、During check vehicle with guard against theft system ,if there is a replacing ECU situation in the blank of “after
steps”, then do the programming after replacing ECU.
4、If failure code shows some circuit voltage below level, it means the circuit may short to the earth; if failure
code shows some circuit voltage up level, it means the circuit may turnoff to the power source; if failure code
shows some circuit failure, it means there is turnoff or manifold circuit failures in this circuit.
5、About the HH474QE typical failure diagnosis ,readers diagnose based on specific failure please, the diagnosis
process is similar with HH465QE.
Diagnosis help:
1、Failure code can’t be cleaned, the failure is belong to steady failure; if it is chance fault ,the key point is
check the joints of wiring harness whether loose.
2、Check following the above steps without abnormal situation.
3、Don’t ignore the influence of car maintenance , cylinder pressure, air cleaner and so on to the system
during the checking process.
4、Replacing ECU and test.
If the failure code can be cleaned, the failure position is at ECU, if the failure code still can’t be cleaned, then
replace the previous ECU, repeat process, do the examine work again.
Diagnosis flow of examine and repair of electric injection system based on failure phenomena
Primary check before diagnosis based on engine failure phenomena
1、Confirm engine failure indicate lamp works well.
2、Using failure diagnosis meter check, confirm no failure information record.
3、Confirm the failure car owner reported is exist, and confirm the conditions when the failure happened.
Then do the appearance check:
Check fuel pipes whether leakage.
Check vacuum pipes whether break,twist, and connection whether good.
Check intake pipes whether jam,leakage, be staved or dmaged.
Check the high voltage line of ignition whether break, aging, and ignition order whether correct.
Check the place of wiring harness connect to the earth whether clean, fasness.
Check joints of every sensor, actuator whether loose or connect not good.
Key point: if above situations exits, should do maintenance work for fixing the failure phenomena,
otherwise will influence the failure diagnosis ,repairing work after.
Diagnosis help:
1、 Confirm engine no any failure record.
2、 Confirm reported failure exist.
3、Already do the check following above steps, and no abnormal situation.
3、 Replacing ECU, do the test.
If the failure code can be cleared, the failure part is in the ECU, if it can not be cleared, replace it with the
original ECU, repeat this procedure, and test again.
4、 4、Don’t ignore the influence of car maintenance , cylinder pressure, air cleaner and so on to the system
during the checking process.
Engine not running or running slow when starting.
General failure position:
1、 Battery cell;
2、 Start electric machine;
3、 Switch of wiring harness or ignition;
4、 Machine part of engine.
General diagnosis process:

Test
No. Operation Step Follow-up step
Result

Yes Next step

Using multimeter check the voltage between the two pillars of
1
battery cell, whether get 8-12V when the engine start.
No Replace battery cell

Yes Next step

Keeping the ignition switch in the start position, check if the
2
voltage of anode in the pillar is more than 8v with multimeter. Repair or replace wire
No
harness
Repair or replace start
Dismantle starting engine, check the staring engine working Yes
electric machine
3 condition.the focus is on breaking or blocking due to bad
lubrication. No Next step

if the failure only occurred in winter, then check whether the Yes Proper lubrication
4 engine machine resistance is caused by the improper use of
engine lubrication and the gear box oil. no Next step

Test and repair the inner

Yes
Check whether the unwoking and the slow running of engine resistance of engine
5
machine is caused by the great inner engine resistance.
no Repeat above steps

1． When starting, the engine can run but not work.

General failure parts:
1、 No oil in the oil tank;
2、 Fuel pump；
3、 Revolution speed transducer；
4、 Ignition loop;
5、 Machine part of engine.
General diagnose procedure:

2． Start difficulty
General failure parts
1. Fuel with water
2. Fuel pump
3. Cooling temperature sensor
4. Vacuum hose of fuel pressure regulator
5. Ignition loop
General diagnose procedure:
Start difficulty.

Test
No. Operation Step Follow-up step
Result
Connecting fuel pressure gauge(point is the forepart of inlet pipe of fuel
Yes Next step
distribution assembly), starting engine, check whether the fuel pressure is
1
about 260kpa under the idling mode; disconnect vacuum hose of the fuel Check and repair oil
No
pressure regulator, check whether the fuel pressure is about 300kpa. supply system

Pull out the wire of one cylinder, connecting with the spark plug, make the Yes Next step
2 distance between the spark plug electrode and the engine body 5mm, and
then check whether there is high voltage or not. Check and repair
No
ignition system
Pull out the joint of cooling temperature sensor, start engine to check Check and repair
whether the engine can work or not. (or connect a 300 ohmic resistance to Yes revolution speed
3
replace the cooling temperature sensor, and see if the engine can start transducer circuit
successfully.) No Next step
Examine and repair or
Check whether the fuel pressure regulator vacuum pipe is loose or gas Yes
4 replace
leaking.
No Next step

Yes Change fuel

5 Checking fuel condition to see if this failure is caused by the oil charging.
No Next step

Connecting injection system communicator, turning on the ignition switch, Yes Diagnose help
6 check whether stitch power like the relay power, ignition switch,
Check and repair
uncontinuous power is normal or not; No
coincident circuit
General failure parts:
Fuel with water; fuel pump; cooling temperature sensorl; fuel injector; ignition loop; throttle and idle speed
bypass inlet pipe，mechanical part of engine.
General diagnose procedure:
3． Normal running speed, difficult to start at any time.
Position of general failure
1.fuel contain water;2.fuel pump;3.temperature sensor of cooling fluid;4.fuel injector;5.ignition coil;6.throttle and
idle speed bypass inlet pipe 7.intake duct; 8. ignition timing 9.spark plug. 10. Machine parts of engine.
 Chapter 4 Transmission System
Section 1 Transmission
Structure
5TH Transmission is a synchronous transmission. It has five onward gears and one reverse
gear. It shifts gears through three synchronous sits and four shafts (input shaft, main shaft, centre
shaft and reversing gear shaft). All of the onward gears are joggle style and reverse gears are gild or
annulus structure.
Low speed synchronous sits are equipped in the centre shaft, and it fits with the 1ST gear or 2ed
gear in the centre shaft. High speed synchronous sits are in the input shaft, and it fits with the 3ed
gear or the 4th gear in the input shaft.
5TH synchronization in the input shaft joggles the gear of the 5 TH in the main shaft.
Shift setup and the optional shaft are fixed in the above of the transmission shell,
with Cam to avoid shifting from the 5 TH gear straight to the stall of reverse.
Maintenance must be used in the material of sealant manufacturer or equivalent with the sealant
in the jointed surface of the aluminum gearbox. Tightening bolts with torque wrench to the required
torque. Thoroughly cleaning all the parts and then assembling after they are dry.
Trouble Diagnosis

Trouble Trouble Analysis The Way To Deal With

·Gear Shift Fork Wear
·Gear Shift Fork or synchronizer Wear replace
· The Flexibility of Spring decrease or replace
damage replace
·Bearing on the Input Shaft or the Main replace
Shaft Wear replace the Gear Cover
·Chamfering Gear on the Gear cover and the and Gear
Gear wheel wear install
·open spring circle
·the flexibility of the synchronous spring weaken
or break replace
gear shift improper or
·the gear shift shaft or the gear shift fork replace
distorted
adjust
·cultch pedal improper
replace
· clutch frication distorted or break
replace the cultch
·press board of the clutch damaged
platen
gear shift improper ·synchronous gear wear
replace
·ridge gear of the gear cover and the gear
replace the gear cover
wear
and the gear
·reversing shaft distorted
replace
 ·the quantity of the lubricant oil inadequate or the
kind of the oil improper makeup or replace
·bearing wear or damaged replace
noise ·gear damaged or wear replace
·synchronous gear ring damaged or wear replace
· Inverse gear in the gear cover or gear replace
damaged or wear
On board maintenance

1. Replacing the oil

1)Before changing or examine the oil, be sure of turning off the engine and uprising the automobile
levelly.
2)After uprising the automobile, examine the amount of the oil and make sure whether the oil
leaks. If it does leak, then make maintenance.
3)After discharging the waste oil, apply the airproof lubrication to the whorl part of the tuck
discharging oil and tighten it to the required torsion.
4)Adding required band oil according required quantity of oil.(until the level of the oil hole)
5)In accordance with the following provisions, tighten the tuck discharging oil and
the tuck adding oil.

Section 2 Four-speed Transmission

Composition
Both the low-speed synchronizer and high-speed synchronizer are installed on the input shaft.
low-speed synchronizer is meshed with the first or second gear wheel of the input shaft ,while
high-speed synchronizer is meshed with the third or fourth gear wheel of the input shaft.
Gear change device and shaft are fixed on the speed aviator housing.
Maintenance should be adopted with the sealant of the same factory on the surface of the aluminum
speed change device. Twist the screw to the ruled torque. Clean all the components, and assemble
them after they are dried.

Malfunction diagnose

Problem Analysis solution

·Gear change fork axes fretted
·Gear change fork or synchromesh gear cover
replace
fretted
replace
·The elasticity of the stable spring has been
replace
weaken or damaged
Out of the gear replace
·The bearing on the input bearing or the main
replace the gear cover and
bearing fretted
the gear ring
·The reverse gear on the gear cover and the
install
gear fretted
·Open spring ring dispatched or fall off
·The elasticity of the synchromesh spring has been
Can’t change the gear or
weaken or broken replace
can’t quit from the
·The gear change bearing or gear change fork replace
current gear
has been bent
·Not enough lubrication or not the right type
·The bearing damaged or fretted supply or replace
·The gear damaged or fretted replace
· replace
noise
The synchromesh ring damaged or fretted replace
·The reverse gear on the gear cover or the replace
gear damaged or fretted

Examine the joggle of the gear according to the following method

1) After cleaning the gear surface of the driven gear, apply equally it with pigmentation (red
lead) by brush or sponge.
2) Circumrotate the driven gear, making painted parts and the initiative gear joggle right, then
circumgyrate the gear by hand, making it joggle repeatedly.
3) Examine the joggle way, consulting the up table. If the joggle way is abnormal, readjust or
 change it according to the table shows.

Notes:
Don’t circumrotate the driven gear more than one circle, because it will violate the exact of
the examination.
3．Assembly
Assemble steps are opposite to the disassembly steps. Pay attention to the following requirements:
Notes:
Supply the initiative gear and the driven gear as a set
of groupware. Even if there only needs to change the
initiative gear or the driven gear, both parts should be
changed as a groupware.
Transmission bolts of the driven gear
Fix the driven gear in the bolts of the differential
Shell, which would bear cut stress, because the power in
the driven gear is transmitted to the differential shell
through bolts. Therefore, those specialized bolts should be made in chrome steel, not be replaced
by normal bolts.
“A”：99000—32020
(a)：80～90 N·m
Gear bearing
Two roller bearings should be installed in the gear bearing,
outer seat circle installed in the final differential
shell and the inside seat circle installed in the gear
bearing.

1) the outside seat circle of the front bearing (fork) should be

installed by special implements:
Special Implements
(A)：09913-75520

1) the implements for installing the rear bearing ( gear side)

outside seat circle.
Special implements
(B)：09915—75510

3) The special implements for installing the inner seat circle.

Special Implements
(C)：09940—51710
Differential bearing
Suppress the bearings to the inner of the differential
Shell correctly with special implements, not allowing
to knock the bearing into the inner of the shell.
Special implements
(A)：09940—53111

Special Implements
 Chapter 5 Suspension System
Section 1 Front Suspension
Ⅰ。Components
The front suspention is Macpherson strut suspention as shown below. The top of strut is mounted
to the vehicle boy through a rubber mounting. The strut and the rubber mounting are connected
through a rubber bracing. And a supporting bearing is fixed at the bottom of the rubber bracing.
The bottom of the strut is connected to the top of the steering knuckle.And the bottom of
the steering knuckle is connected to the ballpin. The ballpin and the swing-bar are one set.
The end of the tie rod is connected with steering knuckle.
So the act of the steering is transmitted to the tie rod before transmitting to the knuckle.
At last, they are transmitted to the wheels to make the wheels turn. During the whole courses,
with the movement of the knuckle, the struts are turned through strut bearings and ballpins.
Ⅱ.Check And Adjustment
1.Stabilizer Bar And Bushing
Stabilizer Bar
If it is spoiled or distorted, you should replace it.
Bushing
Check wheather it is spoiled or worn, you should change it if it is.

2.Reinforcer And Bushing2．

Reincorcer
If it is spoiled or distorted, you should replace it.
Bushing
Check wheather it is spoiled or worn. If it is not woking fine ,you should change it.

3.Check The Front Struts3．

1)Check wheather there is leakage from shock absorbers, if
there is, you should change it as they are not detachable
2).Check the pressure of the tyres according to the manul.
Push the side- front to make the vehicle sway three to four
times continuously. Try and control the pushing at the same power and pay attention to the
performance of the shock-absorber. you should count the times the vehicle sways as you stop pushing.
To check shock-absorber of the other side, just repeat the act above. Compare the performances
and the times the shock absorbers rebound. The performances should be the same. If the
shock-absorbers are normal, the vehicle may stop swaying when you stop pushing. You can compare
the performaences with other vehiecls whose shock-absorbers are good as well.
3).Check the shock-absorbers wheather they are spoiled or distorted.
4.)Check the berings wheather they are worn, making abnormal noise or blocked.
5).Check the bracket if there are cracks or distortion.
6).Check the bafflers if they are spoiled
7).Check the bafflers and strut fixing units if they are worn,distorted or there are cracks.
During the step 2)-7), you should change the parts if they are abnormal.
4.Check The seay Bars And Knuckles
Check if there are cracks, distortion or spoilages.
5.Chenck the bushings of the sway bar.
Check wheather they are spoiled or worn.
6.Check ballpin of the sway bar
1).Wheather they are turning smoothly.
2).Wheather the kingpin ball joint if they are g
3).Check wheather the dust-proof covers are spoiled.3)
4).Check the windage of the ball joint, if it is abnormal,
you should change it.
Attention:
The sway bar and the kingpin are’t detachable
Either the sway bar or the ball joint is spoiled, The whole sway
bar assy should be changed as a set.
7. Check the tyres, nuts and bearings.
1).Check all the tyres if there are indentions,
distortion,cracks. Any seriously-spoiled tyres should
be changed.
2).Check if all the nuts are fixed well. Fix them
according to the manul if necessary.
Torque
(a)：85N·m
3).Check the wear degree of the wheel bearing. When checking the clearance, loose the axle-cover
from the axle before measuring it with a vernier
caliper .

Max. Clearence”a”:0.1mm
If the measured value is out of the maximum value, you
should change the hub assy.
4).Rotate the wheels to check wheather it makes noise or
rotaes smoothly. Change the hub assy if it is abnormal. 4)
Ⅲ.Maintenence
1. Stabilizer Bar and Bushing.
Disassembly
1)Jack up the vehicle.
2)Loose the nuts and washers.
3).Loose the bolts from bushing bracket.
4).Loose stabilizer bar and tie-in.
5).Loose the tie-in from the stabilization bar. When loosing the tie-in nut, nip the bolt with
spanner.
Fixing
Fix all the parts loosely so that you can assure the right position
of the stabilizer bar.
Attention:
Make sure the paint-mark and the busing are in line to ensure
thr right fixing of the stabilizer bar as shown left.
Tighten the bolts and the nuts according to prescribed torque
Attention:
Pay high attention when tightening the stabilizer bar to make
sure the underlay and the washer are well fixed.
Torque
(a)；25 N·m
(b)：50 N·m
(c)：23N·m
2.Reinforcer And Bushing

Disassembly
1)Jack up the vehiecle.
2)Loose the stabilization bar (Refer to “loose down stabilization bar bushing
3)Loose the front and the back screws.
4)Loose the stabilizer bar.
5)Loose the bracket.

1. Front screw 2 Back Screw 3. stabilization Bar 1. Bolt 2. Bracket

4. Swing Bar

Fixing
It is reverse order of disassembly, pay attention to
issues mention below:
Take reference from the let illustration.
Use new rear screw.
Tighten all the bolts and screws according to described
torque.
Toruqe
(a)；55 N·m
(b)：65 N·m
(c)：95N·m
3.Front Strut Assy3．
Disassemble it as follows :
1). Remove the negative from the battery.
2)Jack the vehiecle.
3)Remove the tyres.
4)Remove the E-ring which is used to fix the brake pipe,
loose down the pipe from the bracket as shown from the
illustration.
5)Loose the bolt of caliper and slant the caliper as shown in
the illustration.
6)Remove the bolt of wiring harness for the speed sensor.
7)Loose the bolt of bracket.
8)Loose the bolt of support unit, and hold it with care in case of damage.
9)Remove the strut assy.

Fixing
1)It is reverse order of disassembly 1)-9). Fix a screw in the position shown from the
illustration.
2)Tighten all the bolts and screws according to the described torque.
Torque
(a)；73 N·m
(b)：95 N·m
(c)：35 N·m
4.Hub And Spiaral Pole
Disassembly
1)Lift the vehiecle and remove the wheels.
2)Remove the axis cover as shown from the illustration( Knock the cover properly for three times.
Don’t spoil or distort the seat of the cover).
3)Loose the nuts of the axis.
4)Remove them.
5)Loose down the nuts of caliper bracker.
6)Remove the caliper together with the bracket.
Attention:
Hang the removed caliper with metal hook to avoid damage against the brake pipe.
Don’t match the brake pedal when the brake pads are removed.
7)Remove the brake disk with two bolts of 8mm.
8)Remove the wheel-hub with special tools.
Special Tools
(A)：09943—17912
(B)：09942—15510

9)Remove the bolts of the wheel-hub.

Attention:
Don't’t loose the bolts except for changing new
parts. Be sure of using new bolts when changing parts. 除
Fixing
Fixing Of bolts Of Wheel-Hub
Insert the new bolts into the slot of wheel-hub. Turn it
Properly to make sure the tiny-teeth accord with the
former ones.
1) Fix the axis cover and tighten the bolts as
describeb below.
Torque
(a)：175 N·m
2)Fix the brake pads.
3)Fix the caliper and it’s bracket.
4)Tighten the bolts to the described torque below.
Torque
(b)：95N·m

5)Tighten the nuts of the wheel-axis as shown in the

illustration.
Warning:
Tighten the nuts properly to avoid cracks. Any
cracked nuts must be changed.
6)Fix the axis cover.
7).Fix the tyres and lower the vehiecle.
5．Swing Bar and Bushing
Disassemly
1)Lift the vehiecle and remove the wheels.
2)Remove the front screw of reinforcer from the swing
bar.
3)Remove ballpin and the nuts.
4)Remove the bolts and nuts of swing bar.
5)Remove the swing bar.
6)Removal of bushing
Special Tool
(A)：09943—77910
Fixing
1) Fixing of bushing
SpecialTool
(A)：09943—77910
Attention
Wipe suds around the bushing to get easier fixing.
Finished fixing should be upsides as shown from the illustration.

2)Fix the strut to the sway bar. Refer to the

illustration to make sure the direction of the nuts and
bolts is right.
Attention:
The nuts should be loose.
3)Fix the ball joint to the knuckle. Set the slots of the ball joint
and the bolts of knuckle well as show from the illustration. And
tighten the bolts according to the described torque below.
Torque:
(a)：55 N·m
4)Tighten the front bolt of reinforcer according to the described
torque below.
Torque
(b)：95 N·m
5)Fix on the tyre and tighten the screw according to the
desceibed torque. Refer to “ Torque technical standard” of this
section.
6)Lower the vehiecle to the ground. And tighten the
buts of the sway bar according to the described torque under the condition of non-loading.
Torque:
(c)：73N·m
7)Check and adjust the toe-in according to the manul.
6.Knuckle
Disassembly
1)Lift the vehiecle and remove the tyres.
2)Remove the wheel-hub. Refer to “Disassembly” of “Hub/ tyre bolt”
order 2)-8) from this section.
3)Remove the knuckle from the tie-rod.
4) remove the sppd-sensor from the knuckle(If there is). 4
5)Remove the ball joint from knuckle. And then loose
down the bolts of the bracket.
6)Remove the knuckle.
Fixing:
1)Fix the knuckle to the sway-ar and the stut. Match
the slots and the bolts well, and fix the bolts of ball
joint. Tighten the bolts and the nuts according to the
described torque below.
Torque
(a)；95N·m

(b)：55N·m

2)Fix the speed-sensor(If there is).

3)Cnnect the tie rod with the knuckle, and tighten the
nuts of the tie rod to the described torque below.3)
Torque
(c)：45 N·m
Attention
When tighening the nuts of tie-rod. Boost up the
end of tie rod with jack to stop the rotation of the
knuckle.
4)Follow the fixing order above. Take reference
from”wheel hub/wheel bolts” 1)-7)
7.Bracket Of Strut7．
Disassembly
1)Jack up the vehiecle and remove the tyres.
2)Remove the swar-bar(L&R). Refer to “Disassembly Of
Sway Bar” of this section
3)Remove the fixing-bolts of turning-gear box.
4)Remove the wire-harness of speed-sensor.(If there
is)
5)Remove the bracket of the strut.
1)Fix the bracket of the strut and tighten the bolts to the described torque.
Torque
(a)：95 N·m
2)Fix the wire harness.
3)Fix the bolts of the turning-gear box. And tighten the bolts according to the described torque
Torque
(b)：25 N·m
4)Fix the sway bar(L&R), refer to “Fixing of the sway bar” of the section 2)-6).
5)Check the alignment of the tyres.

Section 2 Rear Suspension

Ⅰ.Components
The rear suspention is uint frame beam axle type which uses leaf springs as shown from illustration
below.
1.Leaf Spring 2.Limit Stop 3.Telescopic Shock Absorber 4.Bumper
Ⅱ.Disassembly And Fixing

1. Lock Washer 2.Bolt(Top Mounting)3.Washer4.Bushing, Shock absorber5.Shock Absorber

6.Washer7.Lock Washer8.Bolt(Bottom Mounting)9.Bolt, Top Mounting10.Bolt, Bottom Mounting
2. 1.Shock absorber
Diassembly.
1)Jack up the vehiecle.
2)Remove the bolts of bottom bracket.
3)Remove the shock absorber.
Fixing.
1)Refer to the illustration below and fix the shock absorber.
2)Tigten the bolts.
3)Lay down the jack
2.Leaf Spring2．
Disassembly
Leaf Spring
1)Lift the vehiecle. When operating, don’t touch the rear suspension or suspension-related
elements with jack or lift. When using jack, put a security platform under the chasis to support
the lifted vehiecle.
Attention:
Don’t hang the rear axle housing on the brake pipe. Otherwise, the brake pipe may be torn.
To avoid it, make use of safty block to support the rear axle housing.
2)Remove the rear tyres and release the catch hoop.
4)Remove the lifting eye and front nut of spring leaf.
5)Draw out the bolt and remove the leaf spring.
Fixing.
Bushing of lifting-eye pin.
Press the bushing into the mate-member. Wipe some suds on the bushing to make it easier.
Attention:
Don’t wipe any oil on the bushing.

1.Leaf spring 2.Bushing

Leaf Spring
1)Fix the pin of the lifting-eye from the center of the vehiecle outward.
2)Fix the front bolt of the leaf spring inward.
3)Fix the central bolt and nut of the leaf spring. Then tighten the bolt according to the torque.
4)Tighten the screw and bolt of the lifting eye according to the torque when it is no load.
5)Connect the hand brake by catch hoop.
6)Fix the wheel and tighten it according to the torque.
3. Wheel bearing and shaft.
Disassembly
1)Check wheather the hand brake is released.
2)Jack up the vehiecle and remove the rear
tyres.

3)loose the oil drain cover and leak the oil from the rear axle
housing.
4)Loose the hand brake.
5)Draw out the brake drum with 8mm bolt.

6）Rotate the lock pin of brake disk and remove the lock
spring as shown from the illustration.

7)Release the hand brake and remove brae shoe.

8)Remove the hand brake cable from the chasis.

 1.Hand-brake cable 2.Clip
9)Draw out the brake oil. Then detach brake pipe from brale cylinder. Cover the head of the pipe
to avoid the leakage of the brake oil.

10）Detach the nuts of base-plate of brake from

the rear axle housing.
11)Use special tools (A&B) to draw out the differential axle with brake base plate.
12) Draw out the wheel axle.

13). In order to loose closing ring from the wheel axle, make use of muller to rub the parts
of the closing ring until it is thin enough.
Attention:小心：
Be careful with the rubbing to avoid injury against axle.
Open the rubbed place with chisel and remove the closing ring .

14)Use special tools(C&D) to loose bearing from axle , then

detach the brake base-plate.

Fixing.
1)Fix the parts below to the wheel axle.
Attention:
。Pay attention to the fixing of the bearing spacer.
.Pay attention to the fixing of wheel bearing.
Bolts of the Hub.
When fixing, make sure the head is tigtly fixed within step of the wheel axle.

2)use oil press to press down the new bearing and closing
ring.
Attention:
Protect the surface of closing ring from spoilage.
Otherwise, oil may leak from differential carrier
housing to the brake pad.
When pressing down the closing circle, use 3-5 tons of
power.
3)When the closing circle is well contacted with the
bearing, clean the bearing and wipe enough grease on the closing circle.
4)Check and make sure oil-seal and oil-seat enter the rear axle correctly.
Attention:
Use new oil-seal when fixing even if the old oil-seal does’t leak.
Take reference from right illustration. Wipe super grease A(99000-25010) on the oil seal
retainer.
5)Wipe water-proof seal-glue between rear axle
and base-plate of brake.
6)Fix the rear axle into rear axle housing
before tightening the brake base plate
according to the described torque.
7)Connect the brake pipes with sub-cylinder and
tighten the nuts according to the escribed
torque.
8) Wipe water-proof seal glue at the joint of the
iron board and the steel wire. And clip the brale
cable under chasis.
9)Connect the cable with the brake arm ann fix the
brake pads.
Attention:

10)Before fixing the brake drum, in order to maximize the clearance between brake shoe and brake
drum, use screw driver to remove the ratchet wheel as shown from the illustration.

11)Fix the brake drum.

12)Top on enough oil for the rear axle housing and tighten the filler screw and drain screw
according to the described torque.
13)Dischage the air from the brake pipe. And refill brake fluid.
14)Fix wheels and tighten the screws according to the described torque.

Torque:50-80N.m
15)When the job is complete, match the brake pedal 2-3 times with power of 20-30kg to get proper
clearance between brake drum and brake shoe.
16).Check the brake drum wheather there is disturbance or not
to get proper brake effect. Then do brake experiment.
17)Check wheather there leakage from differrntia or brale
cylinder.

Ⅲ.Repair
Rear Shock-Absorber
1)Distortion and spoilage.
2)Check the bushing.
3)Check wheather there is leakage.
Chang the parts which are abnormal.
Leaf spring and cushioned stop
Check wheather there are cracks or spoilages. Change the abnormal ones. Meanwhile, the
sushioned stop should befixed in the proper position. Oterwise, it should be replaced.
Bushing of leaf spring.
Check wheather it is worn or spoiled. Change the abnormal ones.
If the bushing is normal while it is making noise when running. Detach the bushing and wipe
grease at the position shown below.

Disc, nuts and bearing.

1)Check wheather it is concave,distorted or cracked. Change the seriously spoiled disc.
2)Check the nuts and tighten them is necessary.
3)Check the wear degree of the bearing. When checking the axial clearance, remove the central
cover of the disc and set a indicating-gauge on
the hub.
Torque of wheel nuts:50-80 N·m
Max axial clearance: rear wheel 0.8mm.

Change the bearing if the measured value exceeds

the max value.
4)Rotate the wheel to check wheather it is making
noise or woking smoothly. Change the abnormal
bearings.

Ⅳ、Torques of fastening elements

Fastening Elements Torque（N·m）

1.Bolts of shock absorber. 10—16

2.Top bolts of shock-absorber(Mini-van and Npv
22—35
only.)
3.Nuts of u-shped bolt. 30—45
4.Bolts of lifting eye. 30—55
5.Front nuts of leaf spring. 45—70
6.Nuts of rear brake. 18—28
7.Connecting nuts of brake pipe. 14—18
8.Nuts of rear wheel. 50—80
9,Drain screw of rear axle housing. 40—70
10．Filler screw of rear axle housing. 35—50

Section 2 Wheels and Tyres

Ⅰ.Components
Attention:
All the closing elements are very important to the vehiecle. They even affenct the performance
of some key parts. It can cause high upkeep. If it is time to change them, you should replace
them by the same and equivalent parts instead of inferior ones. Also it is important to tighten
them according to the torque described in the manul.
Don’t weld these elements to avoid spoilage or reduce the intensity of the metal.
1.Tyre.1
Tyre type of the vehiecle:165/70R14.
It is tubeless tyre. When inflated according to the described pressure, it can work normally
at the maximum loading.
 Appropriate pressure and drving habit affects the life-span of the tyres awfully. Sudden
turn, sudden acceleration and unnecessary sudden brake may increase the wear degree.
2.Wheel2．
The hub of wheel is either stealiness or aluminum: 13*41/2J.
3．3．Tyres For Replacement
Use the same tyres as old ones. Refer to the tyre schedule. The size, structure and the
load-range of the new tyres should accord with the old tyres. Otherwise, the tyre may affect
operation, speedometer, odometer, tyre chain ,ground learence and the clearance of body and
chasis.
Attention:
Don’t use different tyres in one vehiecle except an emergency.
Just as radial-tyre or belted-bias-tyre. Otherwise, it will seriously
affect the operation of the vehiecle. More seriously, the vehiecle
would be out of control.
We advise to fix a pair of new tyres for the same axle.
If you just change one tyre, you should match the new tyre
with the newer one of them as a pair to get a better
traction. The metric unit of tyre-pressure is Kpa.
The meter ofc tyre pressure is available from tool
distributors. The conversion between Kpa, Kgf/ cm2 and psi is
listed from right for reference.
4.Chage The Tyre
If the tyre is bent, hollow, the lateral misalignment or
the radial motion is too much, there is leakage from weld line,
the screw is elonged, or eyescrew cap is loose or badly
rusted, the tyre must be changed. If the jerking-motion
-value of the lateral misalignment or the radial motion is
higher than the one below, the tyre may cause harmful
boboing.
The new tyre should accord with the old ones in Loading
capacity, radius, off-set of the rim and the fixing structure.
Unproper tyre in size and type may affect the life-span of the wheels and axles, cooling system,
speedometer, odometer, ground learence and the clearance of body and chasis.

It is necessary to make use of an exact indicating gauge to check the value of jerking-motion.
The tyre can be either looed or fixed. Tyres should be fix on the dynamic wheel balancer to get
an exact result.
To measure the vzlue of jerking-motion inside and outside rim. Place the indicating gauge
well and roatate the wheel round then note down the reading.
Change the tyre when the value is over the prescribed and no way of adjustment through dynamic
wheel balancer. Reaing caused weld-line, coating or cruise can be neglected.

(Max. lateral
(Max. radial motion)
misalignment)
1.14mm 1.40mm
(Steeliness
Wheel)

5. Metric eye-screws and wheel bolts5．

 All the vehiecles use metric eye-screws and wheel bolts(Model:M12*12.5).

Ⅱ .Trouble Diagnosis
1.Trouble Diagnosis Table.
Refer to Section one Chapter five
2.Balance

[A]:Before Balancing

[B]:After Balancing
1.Jerking caused by fauty tyres.
2.Location of balance plate.
3.Central line of axle
There are two types of balances for tyres and wheels: static-balance and dynamic-balance.
Static-balance, as shown from the right illustration: it diatributes the weight equally
around the tyre. Non-static-balance can cuuse wheel houncing called wheel hop. And it also wears
the tyre unequally.

Danamic balance as shown from the right

illustration. It distributes the weight eaually two
sides of the wheel central line. When the wheel
rotates , it does not swing. Non-danamic-balance can
cause the wheels swing. Not all the static balance
wheels are danamic balance.
Balance Examinatin Procedure
Clean the inside of the rim.

Warning:
Remove stones from the groove to avoid injury of the operator and obtain a better balanceof
the vehiecle.
Check wheather there is damnification with the tyre. And do the balance examination according to the rules of
equipment manufacturer.
Adjust the balance from balancer.
Most of the electronic balancer are more accurate than rotary balancer. With easier operation,
it offers dynamic (two planes) balance. Althoufh it doesn’t amend the brake drum and brake disk,
the accuracy can overcome the limitation. It’s accuracy is always whin 0.044kg.

Balance-Adjustment.
Methods of balance-adjutment differs among the different tools and manufacturers. Follow the
instructions of the manufacturers.

Warning:
Limit the speed within 55km/h. Because of the functions of differentia and planetary gears ,
it is necessary to limit the speed. The speedometer can only indicates half of the real speed
when power wheels rotating one side.
Pay special attention when setting the rotating speed of the power wheels. If the spped is
too high, the tyres or the differentia may be spoiled, furthermore, it may cause serious
human-injury or spoilage of the vehiecle.
Ⅲ.Maintenance And Small-Range Adjustment.
1.Wheel and Tyre.
Don’t use weld, heating or blast to repair any wheels. All the
spoiled wheels should rereplaced.
Bolts.
Any spoiled bolts should be replaced.
Build-up Wheel and Tyre
Tyres and wheels are built-up from factory. Tyre and wheel
are fixed as a unit when doing balance examination. The tyre and
the wheel are marked with paint to avoid the spoilage of the
dynamic balance. Align the tyre well with paint mark when fixing
the tyre.
Before removing the tyre, draw a line on the tyre and the
wheel in case of uncertainty about the paint mark. And it is necessary for insuring the right
position.
Tyre-Pressure.
For all types of tyres, their advised pressures are fixed through accurate calculation in
order to obtain satisfied operation, stability, steering, tread wear, life span and cracks.
Tyre pressure, when the tyre is cool(three hours after parking or less than 1.6km
driving).They are supposed to be checked once in a month or before any long journey. Adjust
the tyre pressure according to the tag in the vehiecl-door 8kpa when the tyre is hot.
After parking, don’t deflate the tyre or reduce the tyre.
Higher pressure than advised may cause:
1.Hard-driving and reduced comfort.
2.Tyre crack ,spoilage of tyre case or even burst of the tyre.
3.Accelerate the wear of the central tread of the tyre.
Different tyre pressure in the same axle can cause:
1.Odds in brake.
2.Steering deviation.
3.Reduction in operation.
4.Deviation when accelerating.
Cover the valve to avoid dust and water.
Lower pressure than the advised pressure can cause:
1. Tyres make noise as turning.
2. Hard to turn.
3.Accelerate the wear degree of the tread unequally.
4.It may crack te rim.
5.Spoilage of the tyre cord.
6.High temperature of the tyre.
7.Reduction in operation.
8.Increase in petrol consumption.
Tyre Introduction.
Refer to the instructions which is in the right door of the vehiecle.
It listed the maximum loading , size and pressure of the tyre.
Transposition of the tyres.
In order to make the tyres similar wear degree, transpose the
tyres following the right illustration. Transposition the tyres after
the first mileage of 10.000kms. Then transpose the tyres for every
10,000kms and adjust the pressure.
1.Front tyres 2.Rear tyres
3.Spare tyre

Ⅳ.Repair
1.Wheels1．
Disassembly
1).Loose the screws 180 degrees.(half circle)
2)Jack up the vehiecle.
3)Remove the tyres.
Torque of bolts:50-80N.M
Attention:
Don’t follow the way of heating to loose the over-tight wheels
because heating can reduce the life-span of the wheels and do
harm to the bearing of the wheels.
Fixing.
The bolts of the wheel should be tighten in turn to avoid the
spoilage of the wheels or brake disk as shown from the right
illustration.
2.Tyre2
Disassembly & Fixing.
Follow the equipments’instructions when disassembling or fixing the tyre. Don’t use manul
tools only because they may spoil flange or the rim.
Attention
Don’t stand on the tyres when inflating the tyres. Otherwise, the tyres may be spoiled and
cause injuries. Otherwise, the flange may be broken and cause serious injury.
Inflate the tyre according to the described pressure in the manul. If the flange isn’t set
well, the tyers should be re-lubricated before re-inflating.
Over-inflating may spoil the tyres and cause injury.
Repair
There are various type of materials and ways of tyre-repair. Not all the materials or the
ways fit all tyres, so the manufacturers publish detailed instruction on how to maintain tyres
in time. All the instructions are available from the manufacturers.
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